CN116779907A - Gas supply method for hydrogen fuel cell - Google Patents
Gas supply method for hydrogen fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN116779907A CN116779907A CN202310610983.XA CN202310610983A CN116779907A CN 116779907 A CN116779907 A CN 116779907A CN 202310610983 A CN202310610983 A CN 202310610983A CN 116779907 A CN116779907 A CN 116779907A
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- Prior art keywords
- gas
- distribution module
- port
- gas distribution
- hydrogen fuel
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells, and particularly relates to a method for supplying air to a hydrogen fuel cell, wherein after the air is boosted by an air compressor, the air is humidified by a humidifier, firstly enters into a gas total input port of a gas distribution module through a connecting pipeline, then enters into a gas distribution module chamber, gas entering into the gas distribution module chamber flows to an upper gas inlet port and a lower gas inlet port of a gas inlet stack along an internal structure, then enters into two stacks through the connecting pipeline between the gas distribution module and the stacks to participate in reduction reaction, and meanwhile, a first sensor mounting port and a second sensor mounting port are arranged on an end plate of the gas distribution module, so that the pressure and the temperature entering into the stacks can be monitored at any time. The CFD simulation result of the invention is that the deviation value of the mass flow of air entering the upper and lower electric stacks is controlled within 3%, thereby saving the actual design and development cost, simultaneously meeting the balance of the mass flow of the upper and lower electric stacks, improving the service performance and prolonging the service life of the electric stacks.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells, and particularly relates to a method for supplying gas for a hydrogen fuel cell.
Background
A hydrogen fuel cell is a power generation device that directly converts chemical energy of hydrogen and oxygen into electric energy. As fuel cell systems develop, the power requirements of the fuel cell systems are increasing. The total power of a single stack is limited because the bipolar plates of the single stack cannot be infinitely stacked, and a multi-stack solution is developed. However, the problem of distribution of the flow of the incoming electric pile exists in the multi-electric pile, and if the flow of the incoming electric pile is unevenly distributed, the overall performance of the electric pile and the service life of the electric pile can be seriously affected.
The common single electric pile has at least 6 inlets and outlets of three subsystems of water, hydrogen and air, and the inlets and outlets of multiple electric piles are more than or equal to 12. At present, a plurality of enterprises integrate inlets and outlets of a plurality of stacks on one end plate, and the defects are that when the flow distribution of a subsystem is problematic, the whole end plate needs to be disassembled or replaced, so that the resource waste is caused, and the maintenance cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects, the invention provides the gas supply method of the hydrogen fuel cell, which ensures uniform fluid distribution and stable pressure distribution of the stacked fuel cells, and simultaneously does not need to detach or replace a whole end plate, thereby prolonging the service life of the fuel cell and reducing the cost.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
the air is humidified by a humidifier after being boosted by an air compressor, firstly enters a gas total input port of a gas distribution module through a connecting pipeline, then enters a gas distribution module chamber, gas entering the gas distribution module chamber flows to a gas pile-entering upper port and a gas pile-entering lower port along an internal structure, then enters two piles through the connecting pipeline between the gas distribution module and the piles to participate in reduction reaction, and meanwhile, a first sensor mounting port and a second sensor mounting port are arranged on an end plate of the gas distribution module, so that the pressure and the temperature entering the piles can be monitored at any time.
Further, the gas stacking distribution module mainly comprises two parts: the gas distribution module chamber and the gas distribution module end plate are formed in a precision machining mode, and meanwhile, the gas distribution module chamber and the gas distribution module end plate are sealed in an O-shaped ring sealing element and bolt pre-tightening mode to prevent gas leakage.
Further, the gas inlet upper port of the gas inlet distribution module has an inner diameter D 1 The inner diameter of the gas inlet port at the lower part of the reactor is D 2 The total gas input port diameter is D 3 Satisfies the following conditions
Further, the inner side of the gas distribution module chamber of the gas inlet stack distribution module presents a certain inclination angle theta, and the angle is more than or equal to 70 degrees and less than 90 degrees.
Furthermore, the gas in-pile distribution module is made of non-metal materials, and preferably made of glass fiber reinforced PA66.
Further, the gas distribution module chamber of the gas in-pile distribution module can be round, triangular or rectangular.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention realizes the gas distribution method capable of meeting the requirement of the multi-stack fuel cell system, through design optimization calculation and verification of the structure through CFD simulation analysis, the CFD simulation result is that the deviation value of the mass flow of air entering the upper and lower stacks is controlled within 3 percent, the actual design development cost is saved, the balance of the mass flow of the upper and lower stacks can be met, and the service performance and the service life of the stacks are improved.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a gas-fluid domain according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of simulation results of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a gas distribution module according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a gas distribution module according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a gas distribution module according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a gas distribution module chamber; 2. a gas distribution module end plate; 3. a gas total input port; 4. a gas inlet port in the stack; 5. a gas inlet port; 6. a first sensor mounting port; 7. a second sensor mounting port; d1, the inner diameter of a port on the gas inlet stack; d2, gas enters the inner diameter of the port below the pile; d3, the inner diameter of the total gas input port.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below by way of specific examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the present invention are all conventional methods, and all experimental equipment, materials, reagents, etc. used can be obtained from commercial sources.
Example 1
The gas pile-in distribution module mainly comprises two parts, wherein a gas distribution module chamber 1 and a gas distribution module end plate 2 are formed in a precision machining mode, and meanwhile, the gas distribution module chamber 1 and the gas distribution module end plate are sealed in a pre-tightening mode by using an O-shaped ring sealing element and bolts, so that gas leakage is prevented.
After the air is boosted by the air compressor, the air is humidified by the humidifier, firstly enters the gas total input port 3 through the connecting pipeline, then enters the gas distribution module chamber 1, the gas entering the gas distribution module chamber 1 flows to the gas inlet pile upper port 4 and the gas inlet pile lower port 5 along the internal structure, then enters the two electric piles through the connecting pipeline between the gas distribution module and the electric piles to participate in the reduction reaction, and meanwhile, the first sensor mounting port 6 and the second sensor mounting port 7 are arranged on the gas distribution module end plate 2, so that the pressure and the temperature entering the electric piles can be monitored at any time.
In order to meet the uniformity of the flow distribution of the upper electric pile and the lower electric pile, the inner diameter of the upper port 4 of the gas pile is set to be D 1 The inner diameter of the gas inlet port 5 below the pile is D 2 The total gas input port 3 has a diameter D 3 . The diameter D of the gas inlet port 4 on the pile can be determined by referring to the diameters of the two pile gas inlet apertures 1 The diameter of the gas inlet port 5 is D 2 General gas entry port 4 diameter D 1 Diameter D of gas in-pile lower port 5 2 Selecting the pore size equal to that of the two pile gas inlet holes. While the total gas input port 3 has a diameter D 3 The selection conditions of the (a) are as follows: the sum of the inlet area of the upper gas inlet port and the inlet area of the lower gas inlet port is smaller than the total gas inlet port area, namely:
as can be seen from FIG. 3, the inner side of the gas distribution module chamber 1 exhibits an inclination angle θ which is such that 70.ltoreq.θ < 90 °. This is because the flow characteristics of the split manifold determine that the hydrostatic pressure in the main pipe increases continuously in the flow direction, thereby significantly increasing the flow out of the manifold end branch. Therefore, in order to satisfy the balance of the gas flow rate of the gas entering the upper and lower stacks, the inner side of the gas distribution module chamber 1 is processed by the inclination angle near the gas inlet upper port 4.
To verify the accuracy of the above method, CFD simulation analysis was performed on the gas in-stack distribution module, fig. 1 shows the entire path of air through the gas distribution module and in-out of the stack connecting lines, and the inside of the wire frame is the internal chamber structure of the gas in-stack distribution module of the present invention. The cathode side flow resistance of the pile is replaced by connecting pipelines with equal flow resistance in order to make CFD simulation analysis more complete, and the other connecting pipelines are added for meeting the CFD simulation analysis fully.
As can be seen from fig. 1, compressed and humidified air enters the gas inlet stack distribution module and the entire simulation analysis path of the inlet and outlet stacks through the connecting lines. And according to CFD simulation analysis results, the mass flow values of the upper gas inlet port 4 and the lower gas inlet port 5 are used for checking whether the gas inlet distribution module structure can solve the problem of uniformity of fluid distribution at the inlets of the upper electric pile and the lower electric pile.
As shown in FIG. 2, when the inlet mass flow rate at the gas total input port 3 is 0.22kg/s, the mass flow rate of the gas inlet port 4 at the upper pile is 0.108557kg/s, the mass flow rate of the gas inlet port 5 at the lower pile is 0.111443kg/s, and the balance degree deviation value of the mass flow rates of the gas inlet to the upper and lower electric piles is less than 3%.
The electric pile in the invention can be two or more electric piles. The same method can be adopted for the plurality of stacks, for example, three stacks, namely, three inlets are adopted, and the mass flow of the three inlets is uniformly distributed, or the two strategies are adopted, so that the calculation formulas of the total gas input port size and the gas stack inlet port size are firstly met; and calculating the inclination angle of the inner side of the pile-entering distribution block. And then carrying out size optimization and perfecting on the designed pile-in distribution module by using fluid simulation analysis until the distribution uniformity of the mass flow of the three inlets is met.
The gas distribution module chamber structure may be circular, triangular, rectangular, etc.
The gas distribution module can be used not only on the air side but also on the hydrogen side and on the coolant side.
The sensor mounting port can be increased or adjusted in position according to actual practice.
The above-described embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments of the invention are possible. Any obvious modifications thereof, which would be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, should be considered to be included within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A method of supplying hydrogen to a hydrogen fuel cell, comprising the steps of: after the air is boosted by the air compressor, the air is humidified by the humidifier, firstly enters into a gas total input port (3) of the gas distribution module through a connecting pipeline, then enters into a gas distribution module chamber (1), the gas entering into the gas distribution module chamber (1) flows to a gas inlet pile upper port (4) and a gas inlet pile lower port (5) along the internal structure, then enters into two electric piles through the connecting pipeline between the gas distribution module and the electric piles to participate in reduction reaction, and meanwhile, a first sensor mounting port (6) and a second sensor mounting port (7) are arranged on a gas distribution module end plate (2), so that the pressure and the temperature entering into the electric piles can be monitored at any time.
2. A method of supplying hydrogen fuel cells according to claim 1, wherein the gas in-stack distribution module comprises a gas distribution module chamber (1) and a gas distribution module end plate (2), both of which are formed by precision machining and sealed by O-ring sealing elements and bolts pre-tightening.
3. A method for supplying hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein said gas in-stack distribution module has an inner diameter D of a gas in-stack upper port (4) 1 The inner diameter of the gas inlet port (5) below the pile is D 2 The diameter of the gas total input port (3) is D 3 Satisfies the following conditions
4. A method for supplying hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the gas inlet module has a certain inclination angle θ on the inner side of the gas distribution module chamber (1) of the gas inlet module, satisfying 70 ° - θ < 90 °.
5. A method for supplying hydrogen fuel cells according to claim 1, wherein said gas in-stack distribution module is made of a nonmetallic material.
6. A method of supplying hydrogen fuel cells according to claim 1, wherein the gas in-stack distribution module employs a glass fiber reinforced PA66.
7. A method of supplying hydrogen fuel cells according to claim 1, wherein the gas distribution module chamber (1) of the gas in-stack distribution module is circular or triangular or rectangular.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310610983.XA CN116779907A (en) | 2023-05-29 | 2023-05-29 | Gas supply method for hydrogen fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310610983.XA CN116779907A (en) | 2023-05-29 | 2023-05-29 | Gas supply method for hydrogen fuel cell |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116779907A true CN116779907A (en) | 2023-09-19 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310610983.XA Pending CN116779907A (en) | 2023-05-29 | 2023-05-29 | Gas supply method for hydrogen fuel cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116779907A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-05-29 CN CN202310610983.XA patent/CN116779907A/en active Pending
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