CN116774334A - Curved period nano grating optical waveguide chip and application thereof - Google Patents
Curved period nano grating optical waveguide chip and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000003190 augmentative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000001525 retina Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The application discloses a curved periodic nano grating optical waveguide chip and application thereof, comprising a waveguide substrate (1), a curved periodic nano grating (3) and a straight nano grating (2), wherein the curved periodic nano grating (3) and the straight nano grating (2) are respectively arranged at two sides of the waveguide substrate (1), a light source is coupled into the optical waveguide chip (4) through the curved periodic nano grating (3), so that light beams of the light source are collimated into parallel light beams, the parallel light beams are totally reflected and propagated in the optical waveguide chip (4), and the parallel light beams are coupled and emitted again after reaching the straight nano grating (2). The application can obviously reduce the overall thickness and weight of the augmented reality display device and improve the wearing comfort.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of image display, in particular to a curved period nano grating optical waveguide chip and application thereof.
Background
Augmented Reality (AR) display technology is a display technology that superimposes virtual images into the real world. With an augmented reality display device, the human eye can receive image information from both the real world and a computer at the same time, greatly improving the efficiency of visually acquiring information. The augmented reality display technology is widely applied to various fields such as military, education, entertainment and medical treatment, and brings great convenience to life of people.
The current mainstream augmented reality display devices are all based on grating waveguides to realize augmented reality display. The typical augmented reality device can be divided into three modules of an image source, a collimating lens and an optical waveguide, wherein light from the image source is collimated by the collimating lens, then is diffracted and coupled into the optical waveguide by a grating of the optical waveguide, and is diffracted and emitted into a human eye by another grating after being transmitted by total reflection in the optical waveguide. However, the traditional grating waveguide system requires structural space before an image source, the collimating lens group and the waveguide due to the existence of the collimating lens group, occupies volume, and affects the portability and the compactness of the wearable device. The collimating lenses of typical grating waveguide augmented reality display systems, as in the patents CN111158143B and CN113568141B, are each composed of a single or multiple lenses, having a certain thickness and weight, limiting the further applications of the device and the development in the AR industry. In the patent CN218547138U, CN202111019613.6, the typical grating waveguide augmented reality display system has a thicker whole device due to the existence of the collimating lens, so that the size is not convenient to be further reduced for wearing.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the application provides the curved period nano grating optical waveguide chip, and the curved period nano structure parameter grating optical waveguide chip is used for replacing a lens group in a traditional augmented reality display system and simultaneously has the grating coupling effect, so that the weight and the volume of the augmented reality display system are effectively reduced, and the use comfort of wearing equipment is improved.
The application is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a bent period nanometer grating optical waveguide chip, includes waveguide substrate, bent period nanometer grating and straight nanometer grating set up respectively in waveguide substrate's both sides, and the light source passes through bent period nanometer grating coupling and gets into in the optical waveguide chip, realizes the light beam collimation of light source to parallel light beam, propagates in the total reflection of optical waveguide chip, and parallel light beam couples again and jets out after reaching straight nanometer grating.
Further, the curved periodic nano grating and the straight nano grating are positioned on the same surface of the waveguide substrate.
Furthermore, the curved periodic nano-grating adopts a nano-grating which is curved and varies with the grating period according to the position, and the nano-grating has the function of basic phase distribution modulation of an equivalent focusing lens.
Furthermore, the curved period nano grating adopts a sub-wavelength nano grating.
Furthermore, the curved periodic nano grating and the straight nano grating are made of high refractive index materials.
Further, the high refractive index material comprises TiO 2 Or Si (or) 3 N 4 。
The application of the curved period nano grating optical waveguide chip adopts the curved period nano grating optical waveguide chip, and is used for realizing ultrathin augmented reality display.
Furthermore, the light from the image source is directly incident into the curved period nano grating for coupling without any lens and enters the optical waveguide chip, so that the light beam of the image source is collimated into a parallel light beam, the parallel light beam is totally reflected and propagated in the optical waveguide chip, and the parallel light beam is coupled again and emitted into human eyes after reaching the straight nano grating, and is converged on retina through the human eyes to form image information.
The application has the beneficial effects that: the application adopts the curved period nanometer grating, can realize the functions of light beam collimation and coupling into the optical waveguide lens at the same time, and the device does not need a separate collimating lens to realize the collimation of the light beam, so that the whole thickness and weight of the augmented reality display device can be obviously reduced, and the wearing comfort level is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to the structures shown in these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of curved periodic nanograting and straight nanograting structures;
FIG. 4 is a front view of a curved periodic nanograting and a straight nanograting;
FIG. 5 is a top view of a curved periodic nanograting and a straight nanograting;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the present application for implementing an ultra-thin augmented reality display;
in the figure, a 1-waveguide substrate, a 2-straight nano grating, a 3-curved periodic nano grating, a 4-optical waveguide chip and a 5-image source entrance.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments of the present application. The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
Some embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, a curved periodic nano-grating optical waveguide chip comprises a waveguide substrate 1, a curved periodic nano-grating 3 and a straight nano-grating 2, wherein the curved periodic nano-grating 3 and the straight nano-grating 2 are respectively arranged on two sides of the waveguide substrate 1, a light source is coupled into the optical waveguide chip 4 through the curved periodic nano-grating 3, so that light beams of the light source are collimated into parallel light beams, the parallel light beams are transmitted in the optical waveguide chip 4 in a total reflection way, and the parallel light beams are coupled out again after reaching the straight nano-grating 2.
In this embodiment, the curved periodic nano-grating 3 and the straight nano-grating 2 are located on the same surface of the waveguide substrate 1.
In this embodiment, the curved periodic nano-grating 3 adopts a nano-grating which has curvature and varies the grating period with the position, and the nano-grating has the function of modulating the basic phase distribution of the equivalent focusing lens.
In this embodiment, the curved periodic nano-grating 3 adopts a sub-wavelength nano-grating, which can inhibit higher-order diffraction and concentrate energy in one order, and can modulate the first-order diffracted beam to satisfy the total internal reflection condition of the substrate waveguide so as to satisfy the coupling condition of the grating waveguide.
In this embodiment, the curved periodic nano-grating 3 and the straight nano-grating 2 are made of a material with low visible light absorption and high refractive index, such as TiO 2 Or Si (or) 3 N 4 。
In the present embodiment, the waveguide substrate 1 is made of a material having low visible light absorption and high refractive index, such as SiO 2 Or Si (or) 3 N 4 。
Further, the design method of the application comprises the following steps:
in order to reduce the thickness of the optical system, the function of beam collimation is transplanted to the coupling grating, and for a convex lens with a focal length f, when the focal length of the lens is far greater than the caliber of the lens, the wave vector change quantity of different positions of the lens for light rays can be expressed as follows:
wherein the method comprises the steps ofThe representation is in radial vector, lambda represents the wavelength.
The function of the convex lens can be realized by a ring grating with a variable period. According to the grating equation, the grating period for different radial positions can be expressed as:
where r represents the distance to the center.
In a typical grating waveguide, the incoupling grating is a linear grating. If the functions of the convex lens and the coupling-in grating are required to be realized at the same time, the wave vector change amounts of the convex lens and the coupling-in grating are only required to be overlapped. If the original period of the coupled-in grating is T 0 When the reticle is combined with a lens with a focal length f along the y direction, the change amount of wave vector at the coordinates (x, y) can be expressed as:
the corresponding grating period can be expressed as:
the grating scribe line direction rotation angle at coordinates (x, y) can be expressed as:
the maximum period and the minimum period of the coupling-in curved grating are respectively as follows:
where r is the grating region radius, f g Is the focal length of the annular component of the grating. Assuming a wavelength of 532nm, the waveguide material is ZF13 glass with a refractive index of 1.795, and a field angle of 30 (H). Times.22 (V) can be achieved at a grating period of 392nm, with a diagonal field of about 36.6. At this time, the maximum period and the minimum period of the curved grating are 593nm and 293nm respectively, and the rotation angle of the grating line can be obtained by the formula (1.6). The design of the nanometer grating optical waveguide chip with the bending period can be realized after the steps.
Referring to fig. 6, a curved period nano-grating optical waveguide chip is applied to realizing ultra-thin augmented reality display equipment, can realize light equipment weight and thin equipment thickness, and can improve the comfort level of wearing by people. The optical waveguide chip 4 consists of a curved periodic nano-grating 3, a straight nano-grating 2 and a waveguide substrate 1, wherein the curved periodic nano-grating 3 and the straight nano-grating 2 are respectively positioned at two sides of the optical waveguide chip 4. The image source light entering through the image source entrance port can be directly incident into the curved period nano grating 3 to be coupled into the optical waveguide chip 4 without any lens, so that the effect of collimating the light beam of the micro image source into a parallel light beam is realized, the light beam can be totally reflected and propagated in the optical waveguide chip 4, and is coupled and emitted into human eyes again after reaching the straight nano grating 2, and image information is formed on retina through the convergence of the human eyes, so that the wearable augmented reality display effect without shielding the sight is achieved, and meanwhile, the weight and the volume of the whole equipment are reduced.
Furthermore, the curved periodic nano-grating 3 is a nano-grating which is curved and varies with the grating period according to the position, and has the function of modulating the basic phase distribution of an equivalent focusing lens, so that the collimating lens group in the traditional system is replaced, and the weight and the volume of the system are reduced. Specifically, the curved periodic nano grating is a sub-wavelength nano grating, can inhibit higher-order diffraction and concentrate energy in one order, and can modulate the first-order diffraction beam to enable the first-order diffraction beam to meet the total internal reflection condition of the substrate waveguide so as to meet the coupling condition of the grating waveguide.
Based on the above embodiments, the present application has at least the following technical effects:
the application adopts the curved period nanometer grating 3, can realize the functions of light beam collimation and coupling into the optical waveguide lens at the same time, and the device does not need a separate collimating lens to realize the collimation of the light beam, so that the whole thickness and weight of the augmented reality display device can be obviously reduced, and the wearing comfort level is improved.
It should be noted that the terms "coupled," "configured," and "arranged" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implying a number of technical features being indicated. Thus, features defining "connected", "arranged" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such features. Moreover, the terms "connected," "configured," and the like are used to distinguish between similar objects and do not necessarily describe a particular order or sequence. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that the embodiments of the application described herein may be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. And for the foregoing embodiments, a series of combinations of actions are described for simplicity of description, but it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited by the order of actions described, as some steps may be performed in other order or simultaneously in accordance with the present application. Further, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments and that the actions involved are not necessarily required for the present application.
In the above embodiments, the basic principle and main features of the present application and advantages of the present application are described. It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the present application is not limited by the foregoing embodiments, but rather is shown and described in what is considered to be illustrative of the principles of the application, and that modifications and changes can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the application, and therefore, is within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a bent period nanometer grating optical waveguide chip, its characterized in that includes waveguide substrate (1), bent period nanometer grating (3) and straight nanometer grating (2) set up respectively in waveguide substrate (1) both sides, and the light source passes through bent period nanometer grating (3) coupling and gets into in optical waveguide chip (4), realizes becoming parallel light beam with the light beam collimation of light source, propagates in optical waveguide chip (4) total reflection, and the parallel light beam is coupled again and is penetrated after reaching straight nanometer grating (2).
2. A curved periodic nanograting optical waveguide chip according to claim 1, characterized in that the curved periodic nanograting (3) and the straight nanograting (2) are located on the same surface of the waveguide substrate (1).
3. A curved periodic nano-grating optical waveguide chip as claimed in claim 1, wherein the curved periodic nano-grating (3) is a nano-grating with curvature and grating period variation depending on the position, and the nano-grating has the effect of basic phase distribution modulation of an equivalent focusing lens.
4. A curved periodic nanograting optical waveguide chip according to claim 3, characterized in that the curved periodic nanograting (3) is a sub-wavelength nanograting.
5. A curved periodic nano-grating optical waveguide chip as claimed in claim 1, wherein the curved periodic nano-grating (3) and the straight nano-grating (2) are made of a high refractive index material.
6. The curved periodic grating optical waveguide chip according to claim 5, wherein said high refractive index material comprises TiO 2 Or Si (or) 3 N 4 。
7. An application of a curved period nano-grating optical waveguide chip, which adopts the curved period nano-grating optical waveguide chip according to any one of claims 1-6, and is characterized in that the curved period nano-grating optical waveguide chip is used for realizing ultrathin augmented reality display.
8. The application of the curved period nano-grating optical waveguide chip according to claim 7, wherein light from an image source is directly incident into the curved period nano-grating (3) for coupling without any lens and enters the optical waveguide chip (4), so that the light beam of the image source is collimated into a parallel light beam, the parallel light beam propagates through total reflection in the optical waveguide chip (4), and the parallel light beam is coupled again to exit into human eyes after propagating to reach the straight nano-grating (2), and is converged on retina through human eyes to form image information.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107111059A (en) * | 2015-01-10 | 2017-08-29 | 镭亚股份有限公司 | Grating couples light guide |
| CN108459366A (en) * | 2017-02-20 | 2018-08-28 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Change the method for light path, and the production method applied to the grating for changing light path |
| CN112083568A (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2020-12-15 | 苏州苏大维格科技集团股份有限公司 | Augmented reality display device and augmented reality glasses |
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- 2023-06-30 CN CN202310793450.XA patent/CN116774334A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107111059A (en) * | 2015-01-10 | 2017-08-29 | 镭亚股份有限公司 | Grating couples light guide |
| CN108459366A (en) * | 2017-02-20 | 2018-08-28 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Change the method for light path, and the production method applied to the grating for changing light path |
| CN112083568A (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2020-12-15 | 苏州苏大维格科技集团股份有限公司 | Augmented reality display device and augmented reality glasses |
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Effective date of registration: 20231019 Address after: F13, Building 6, Block B, No. 99, West Section of Hupan Road, Tianfu New Area, China (Sichuan) Pilot Free Trade Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610000 Applicant after: Sichuan Tianling Innovation Technology Group Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: Sichuan Innovation Research Institute of Tianjin University Address before: 610000 13th floor, building B6, Tianfu New Economic Industrial Park, Chengdu, Sichuan Applicant before: Sichuan Innovation Research Institute of Tianjin University |