CN116773890A - All-fiber current transformer and temperature compensation method thereof - Google Patents
All-fiber current transformer and temperature compensation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- G01R19/0092—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof measuring current only
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of power systems, in particular to an all-fiber current transformer and a temperature compensation method thereof, wherein the all-fiber current transformer comprises a collecting unit, an optical fiber sensing ring, a transmission optical fiber and an optical fiber fluorescence temperature sensor, the collecting unit is connected with the optical fiber sensing ring through the transmission optical fiber, and the optical fiber fluorescence temperature sensor is connected with the collecting unit; the optical fiber fluorescence temperature sensor comprises a temperature demodulation module, an optical fiber probe and an optical fiber for transmitting fluorescence signals, wherein fluorescent materials are attached to one end of the optical fiber probe, and the optical fiber probe is positioned at the high-voltage end or the low-voltage end of the optical fiber sensing ring. According to the invention, the optical fiber fluorescent temperature sensor is integrated with the all-fiber current transformer, and the temperature compensation is carried out on the all-fiber current transformer according to the temperature measured by the optical fiber fluorescent temperature sensor, so that the temperature error of the all-fiber current transformer can be reduced, and the problem that the error exceeds 0.2% in the whole temperature range is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power systems, in particular to an all-fiber current transformer and a temperature compensation method thereof.
Background
The all-fiber current transformer has the advantages of small volume, light weight, simple insulating structure, no magnetic saturation, ferromagnetic resonance, secondary open circuit and other problems, good frequency characteristic and transient state characteristic, large dynamic range, passive primary end, strong anti-interference capability, safety, green and environment-friendly performance, convenient digitization, and capability of adapting to the requirements of a power system, and currently, commercial products are increasingly applied to ultra-high voltage transmission systems in recent years.
The influence of temperature on the measurement precision of the all-fiber current transformer is difficult to solve in the practical operation of the all-fiber current transformer, and the current research hot spot is mainly focused on the problem of temperature stability of the all-fiber current transformer. The acquisition unit of the all-fiber current transformer is generally arranged in a screen cabinet of a transformer substation control room or an outdoor cabinet with temperature control, the environment temperature is stable during working, and the optical fiber sensing ring is generally arranged outdoors or near primary equipment with heating problem, so that the field application has higher requirements on the temperature stability of the optical fiber sensing ring of the all-fiber current transformer. Practical experience also shows that the component of the all-fiber current transformer greatly influenced by the ambient temperature is an optical fiber sensing ring, the Verdet constant of the sensing optical fiber of the optical fiber sensing ring can change along with the temperature, the lambda/4 wave plate has temperature sensitivity, and the linear birefringence caused by the temperature of the sensing optical fiber can also introduce errors, so that the errors of the optical fiber sensing ring in the range of-40-70 ℃ can exceed national standard requirements (the errors are not more than 0.2%) such as GB/T1208, and the temperature sensitivity becomes a difficult problem which is difficult to thoroughly solve.
Aiming at the problem of error caused by environmental temperature change, a method for changing a phase modulation waveform and performing temperature compensation according to information of a system modulation output waveform is reported; there are also reports of a temperature error compensation method for canceling the temperature error caused by the lambda/4 wave plate and the temperature error caused by the fiber verdet constant by selecting a proper lambda/4 wave plate initial phase delay angle, a report of a temperature error compensation method for realizing the temperature error compensation of the all-fiber current transformer by measuring the temperature at the fiber sensing ring by using a polarization maintaining fiber temperature sensor, and a report of a temperature compensation method for realizing the temperature compensation of the all-fiber current transformer by measuring the temperature at the fiber sensing ring by using a fiber grating. However, practical experience shows that the temperature compensation is performed by changing the phase modulation waveform, the circuit design and algorithm processing difficulty is increased, the temperature compensation precision is insufficient, the temperature stability of the all-fiber current transformer is difficult to meet the application requirements of the metering of the power transmission and transformation system or the protection and control of the direct current transmission system within the range of-40-70 ℃ and cannot be met. The control of the initial phase delay angle of the lambda/4 wave plate is theoretically feasible, but the requirements on the manufacturing process of the optical fiber sensing ring in actual production are high, and mass production is difficult to realize; and the temperature compensation is carried out on the all-fiber current transformer by adopting the fiber bragg grating or the polarization maintaining fiber temperature sensor for temperature measurement, so that the system has a complex structure and more cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides the all-fiber current transformer and the temperature compensation method thereof, wherein the temperature error of the all-fiber current transformer is compensated by adopting the optical fiber temperature sensor based on fluorescence temperature measurement, and the problem that the error exceeds 0.2% in the all-fiber current transformer total temperature range is solved.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the all-fiber current transformer comprises an acquisition unit, an optical fiber sensing ring, a transmission optical fiber and an optical fiber fluorescence temperature sensor, wherein the acquisition unit is connected with the optical fiber sensing ring through the transmission optical fiber, and the optical fiber fluorescence temperature sensor is connected with the acquisition unit;
the optical fiber fluorescence temperature sensor comprises a temperature demodulation module, an optical fiber probe and an optical fiber for transmitting fluorescence signals, wherein the temperature demodulation module is connected with the optical fiber probe through the optical fiber for transmitting fluorescence signals, and the optical fiber probe is positioned at the high-voltage end or the low-voltage end of the optical fiber sensing ring.
Preferably, the temperature demodulation module is arranged at a low-voltage end near the optical fiber probe or at a low-voltage end far away from the optical fiber probe.
Preferably, the acquisition unit is used for correcting the current signal obtained by demodulating the all-fiber current transformer according to the environmental temperature information of the fiber sensing ring so as to realize temperature compensation.
Preferably, the acquisition unit comprises a light source, a coupler, a polarizer, a polarization beam splitter, a phase modulator, a photoelectric detector and a signal processor, wherein the output end of the light source is connected with the first end of the first side of the coupler, the first end of the second side of the coupler is connected with the polarizer, the polarization beam splitter, the phase modulator and the transmission optical fiber in series, and the second end of the first side of the coupler is connected with the input end of the photoelectric detector.
A temperature compensation method for an all-fiber current transformer comprises the following steps
In the test stage, an optical fiber sensing ring of the all-fiber current transformer is placed in a temperature control box, a primary conductor passes through the all-fiber current transformer, an optical fiber probe of an optical fiber fluorescence temperature sensor is also placed in the temperature control box, and the all-fiber current transformer is calibrated accurately at normal temperature;
controlling the temperature of the temperature control box at different temperatures within a set temperature test range, applying current not lower than a preset finger, and testing the current error of the all-fiber current transformer through a calibrator;
recording measured temperature T data of the optical fiber temperature sensor and corresponding current errors of the all-fiber current transformer through an acquisition unit of the all-fiber current transformer, and establishing a corresponding relation between the current errors of the all-fiber current transformer and the temperature data of the optical fiber temperature sensor;
in the operation stage, the optical fiber fluorescent temperature sensor is used for detecting the environmental temperature of the optical fiber sensing ring, the acquisition unit of the all-fiber current transformer is used for acquiring and receiving the temperature data of the optical fiber fluorescent temperature sensor, and the compensation coefficient is calculated according to the corresponding relation between the current error of the all-fiber current transformer and the temperature data of the optical fiber temperature sensor;
and adjusting a current signal output by the all-fiber current transformer according to the compensation coefficient, and compensating a current error corresponding to the temperature data.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the invention provides an all-fiber current transformer and a temperature compensation method thereof, which are characterized in that an optical fiber fluorescence temperature sensor is integrated with the all-fiber current transformer, and the temperature compensation is carried out on the all-fiber current transformer according to the temperature measured by the optical fiber fluorescence temperature sensor, so that the temperature error of the all-fiber current transformer is reduced, and the temperature error of the all-fiber current transformer meets the error requirement of 0.2% within the temperature range including but not limited to-50-85 ℃; the method is suitable for the application scene of the electric power transmission and transformation system with complex high voltage and electromagnetic interference conditions, the cost of the method for realizing the temperature compensation of the all-fiber current transformer is lower, the wave plate parameter control requirement and the looping process requirement of the optical fiber sensing loop are reduced, and the temperature stability and the long-term reliability of the all-fiber current transformer can be effectively ensured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the structures shown in these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an all-fiber current transformer in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an all-fiber current transformer in an embodiment of the invention;
the reference numerals in fig. 1 are: 1-an acquisition unit; 2-an optical fiber sensing ring; 3-transmission optical fiber; 4-an optical fiber fluorescence temperature sensor; 5-temperature signal transmission optical fiber or cable; 10-a light source; 11-a coupler; 12-a polarizer; 13-a polarizing beamsplitter; a 14-phase modulator; 15-a photodetector; a 16-signal processor; a 21-lambda/4 wave plate; 22-sensing optical fiber; a 23-mirror; 24-primary conductors; 41-temperature demodulation module, 42-optical fiber probe, 43-optical fiber.
The reference numerals in fig. 2 are: 1-an acquisition unit; 2-an optical fiber sensing ring; 3-transmission optical fiber; 4-an optical fiber fluorescence temperature sensor; 5-temperature signal transmission optical fiber or cable; 10-a light source; 11-a coupler; 12-a polarizer; 13-a polarizing beamsplitter; a 14-phase modulator; 15-a photodetector; 16-signal processor (integrated temperature demodulation function); a 21-lambda/4 wave plate; 22-sensing optical fiber; a 23-mirror; 24-primary conductors; 42-optical fiber probe, 43-optical fiber.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, it being apparent that the described examples are some, but not all, examples of the present invention, and embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1:
aiming at the problems that an optical fiber sensing ring of an all-fiber current transformer is greatly influenced by temperature and the error in the whole temperature range exceeds 0.2% in terms of structure and technology, the invention provides a temperature compensation solution of the all-fiber current transformer with low cost and simple structure. The optical fiber fluorescent temperature sensor is a passive optical fiber probe positioned near the optical fiber sensing ring, has good insulating property, strong electromagnetic interference resistance and small size, and is convenient to integrate with an all-optical fiber current transformer; the method is suitable for application scenes of high voltage and complex electromagnetic interference of the power transmission and transformation system. The method for realizing temperature compensation of the all-fiber current transformer is low in cost, the wave plate parameter control requirement and the loop forming process requirement of the optical fiber sensing loop are reduced, and the temperature stability and the long-term reliability of the all-fiber current transformer can be effectively ensured.
As shown in fig. 1-2, an all-fiber current transformer comprises a collection unit 1, an optical fiber sensing ring 2, a transmission optical fiber 3 and an optical fiber fluorescence temperature sensor 4, wherein the collection unit 1 is connected with the optical fiber sensing ring 2 through the transmission optical fiber 3, and the optical fiber fluorescence temperature sensor 4 is connected with the collection unit 1.
The acquisition unit 1 is used for correcting a current signal obtained by demodulating the all-fiber current transformer according to the environmental temperature information of the fiber sensing ring so as to realize temperature compensation. The acquisition unit 1 comprises a light source 10, a coupler 11, a polarizer 12, a polarization beam splitter 13, a phase modulator 14, a photoelectric detector 15 and a signal processor 16, wherein the output end of the light source 10 is connected with the first end of the first side of the coupler 11, the first end of the second side of the coupler 11 is connected with the polarizer 12, the polarization beam splitter 13, the phase modulator 14 and the transmission optical fiber 3 in series, and the second end of the first side of the coupler 11 is connected with the input end of the photoelectric detector 15.
The optical fiber sensing ring 2 comprises a lambda/4 wave plate 21, a sensing optical fiber 22 and a reflecting mirror 23, one end of the lambda/4 wave plate 21 is connected with the transmission optical fiber 3, the other end of the lambda/4 wave plate 21 is connected with the sensing optical fiber 22, and the reflecting mirror 23 is positioned at the tail end of the sensing optical fiber 22. Light emitted by the light source 10 enters the polarizer 12 through the coupler 11 to be changed into linear polarized light, the linear polarized light is converted into two mutually orthogonal linear polarized light after polarized light is split, the two mutually orthogonal linear polarized light reaches the transmission optical fiber through the phase modulator, the vibration directions of the two orthogonal linear polarized light are respectively parallel to the two main shafts of the transmission optical fiber (polarization maintaining optical fiber), after the light reaches the lambda/4 wave plate 21 of the optical fiber sensing ring, the two mutually orthogonal linear polarized light is respectively converted into two orthogonal circular polarized light to enter the sensing optical fiber 22, and under the action of a magnetic field generated by current to be measured in the primary conductor 24, the two circular polarized light generates a phase difference proportional to the current to be measured. The two circularly polarized light beams are reflected by the reflector at the end part of the sensing optical fiber ring and then return along the sensing optical fiber. In the return process, the two orthogonal circular polarized lights are subjected to Faraday magneto-optical effect of the magnetic field again, so that the phase difference generated by the two circular polarized lights is doubled. The returned two circular polarized lights are changed into two mutually orthogonal linear polarized lights after passing through the lambda/4 wave plate. The returned two-beam linear polarized light phase difference carries the measured current information, interference occurs through an optical path system, the change of the phase difference is converted into the change of light intensity, a light intensity signal with the measured current information is output to a light detector through a coupler, the light detector converts the light signal into an electric signal, and the measured primary current value can be demodulated from the electric signal output by the light detector through a demodulation circuit.
The optical fiber fluorescence temperature sensor 4 is used for detecting the ambient temperature of the optical fiber sensing ring and comprises a temperature demodulation module 41, an optical fiber probe 42 and an optical fiber 43 for transmitting fluorescence signals, wherein fluorescent materials are attached to one end of the optical fiber probe 42, the optical fiber probe 42 of the optical fiber fluorescence temperature sensor is located near the optical fiber sensing ring 2 and can be located at a high-voltage end or a low-voltage end, and the temperature demodulation module 41 is arranged at the low-voltage end near the optical fiber probe and can also be arranged at the low-voltage end far away from the optical fiber probe. The temperature demodulation module is used for detecting the temperature of the optical fiber probe in cooperation with the optical fiber probe, the temperature demodulation module calculates the ambient temperature of the optical fiber probe, and the temperature demodulation module transmits the obtained temperature data to the acquisition unit through a temperature signal transmission cable or a temperature signal transmission optical fiber.
In this embodiment, the optical fiber current transformer (FOCT) is a device located between the primary and the secondary of the converter station, and generally the sensing ring is located at the high voltage end, the collecting unit is located in the outdoor cabinet or the main control room, and is located at the low voltage end, and the optical fiber current transformer further includes an optical fiber insulator, where the optical fiber insulator bears the high voltage, and the optical fiber at the low voltage end of the optical fiber insulator is connected to the collecting unit.
Preferably, a temperature demodulation module of the optical fiber fluorescence temperature sensor may be provided in the acquisition unit, and the optical fiber probe 42 is connected to the temperature demodulation module in the acquisition unit through the optical fiber 43. The signal processing circuit of the acquisition unit also comprises a temperature demodulation module, so that the temperature demodulation function can be realized.
All-fiber current transformer working principle:
the acquisition unit, the transmission optical fiber and the optical fiber sensing ring of the all-fiber current transformer work cooperatively to realize the sensing of primary current flowing in an internal lead of the optical fiber sensing ring, and the signal processing circuit in the acquisition unit processes the returned interference signal carrying primary current information and demodulates a current signal to be measured. The temperature demodulation module is matched with the optical fiber probe to realize temperature detection at the optical fiber probe, and the temperature demodulation module calculates the ambient temperature at the optical fiber probe. The temperature data obtained by the temperature demodulation module are transmitted to the acquisition unit through the temperature signal transmission cable or the temperature signal transmission optical fiber, and the acquisition unit corrects the current signal obtained by demodulating the all-fiber current transformer according to the temperature information so as to realize temperature compensation.
Example 2:
based on the all-fiber current transformer in the embodiment 1, the invention also provides a temperature compensation method of the all-fiber current transformer, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, in a testing stage, an optical fiber sensing ring of an all-fiber current transformer is placed in a temperature control box, a primary conductor penetrates through the all-fiber current transformer, an optical fiber probe of an optical fiber fluorescence temperature sensor is also placed in the temperature control box, and the all-fiber current transformer is calibrated accurately at normal temperature;
s2, setting a temperature test range, controlling the temperature of the temperature control box to be different temperatures in the test range, applying current not lower than a preset value, and testing the current error of the all-fiber current transformer through a calibrator.
Then a temperature test range is set, the temperature of the temperature control box is controlled to be different temperatures in the test range, the temperature test range comprises but is not limited to-50-85 ℃, current not lower than 20% of rated current is applied, and the current error of the all-fiber current transformer is tested through a calibrator.
And S3, recording the measured current error epsilon (%) of the all-fiber current transformer and the temperature T data of the optical fiber temperature sensor through an acquisition unit of the all-fiber current transformer, and establishing a corresponding relation epsilon (T) between the current error epsilon (%) of the all-fiber current transformer and the temperature T data of the optical fiber temperature sensor.
Specifically, a corresponding relation epsilon (T) between the current error epsilon (%) of the all-fiber current transformer and the temperature T data of the optical fiber temperature sensor is established, and the corresponding relation epsilon (T) between the error epsilon (%) of the all-fiber current transformer and the temperature T data of the optical fiber temperature sensor can be established in a curve fitting or table look-up mode.
If the error epsilon% corresponding to 20 degrees at normal temperature is 0, the error epsilon% corresponding to 85 degrees is 1.2%, the error epsilon% corresponding to-40 degrees is-1.1%, and the error epsilon% corresponding to-40-20 degrees can be obtained by simple curve fitting:
s4, in the operation stage, the ambient temperature of the optical fiber sensing ring is detected through the optical fiber fluorescent temperature sensor, the acquisition unit of the all-fiber current transformer acquires and receives the temperature data of the optical fiber fluorescent temperature sensor, and the compensation coefficient eta is calculated according to the corresponding relation between the current error of the all-fiber current transformer and the temperature data of the optical fiber temperature sensor. A compensation coefficient η calculated according to:
η＝100[100+ε(T)]
and S5, adjusting a current signal output by the all-fiber current transformer according to the compensation coefficient eta, and compensating a current error epsilon (%) corresponding to the temperature data.
Through temperature compensation, the measurement error in the range of-40-70 ℃ which meets the transformer standard 20840.8-2007 meets the 0.2-level requirement.
The above examples are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above examples, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be made in the equivalent manner, and the embodiments are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The all-fiber current transformer is characterized by comprising an acquisition unit, an optical fiber sensing ring, a transmission optical fiber and an optical fiber fluorescence temperature sensor, wherein the acquisition unit is connected with the optical fiber sensing ring through the transmission optical fiber, and the optical fiber fluorescence temperature sensor is connected with the acquisition unit;
the optical fiber fluorescence temperature sensor comprises a temperature demodulation module, an optical fiber probe and an optical fiber for transmitting fluorescence signals, wherein the temperature demodulation module is connected with the optical fiber probe through the optical fiber for transmitting fluorescence signals, and the optical fiber probe is positioned at the high-voltage end or the low-voltage end of the optical fiber sensing ring.
2. An all-fiber current transformer according to claim 1, wherein the temperature demodulation module is disposed at a low voltage end near the fiber probe or at a low voltage end remote from the fiber probe.
3. An all-fiber current transformer according to claim 1, wherein the temperature demodulation module is provided in the acquisition unit, and the fiber probe is connected to the temperature demodulation module in the acquisition unit through an optical fiber.
4. The all-fiber current transformer according to claim 1, wherein the acquisition unit is configured to correct a current signal obtained by demodulating the all-fiber current transformer according to the environmental temperature information of the optical fiber sensing ring so as to implement temperature compensation.
5. The all-fiber current transformer according to claim 1, wherein the collecting unit comprises a light source, a coupler, a polarizer, a polarization beam splitter, a phase modulator, a photoelectric detector and a signal processor, the output end of the light source is connected with the first end of the first side of the coupler, the first end of the second side of the coupler is connected with the polarizer, the polarization beam splitter, the phase modulator and the transmission fiber in series, and the second end of the first side of the coupler is connected with the input end of the photoelectric detector.
6. The all-fiber current transformer of claim 1, wherein the optical fiber sensing ring comprises a lambda/4 wave plate, a sensing optical fiber and a reflecting mirror, one end of the lambda/4 wave plate is connected with the transmission optical fiber, the other end of the lambda/4 wave plate is connected with the sensing optical fiber, and the reflecting mirror is positioned at the tail end of the sensing optical fiber.
7. A method for temperature compensation of an all-fiber current transformer, based on the implementation of an all-fiber current transformer according to any one of claims 1-6, comprising:
in the test stage, an optical fiber sensing ring of the all-fiber current transformer is placed in a temperature control box, a primary conductor passes through the all-fiber current transformer, an optical fiber probe of an optical fiber fluorescence temperature sensor is also placed in the temperature control box, and the all-fiber current transformer is calibrated accurately at normal temperature;
controlling the temperature of the temperature control box at different temperatures within a set temperature test range, applying current not lower than a preset finger, and testing the current error of the all-fiber current transformer through a calibrator;
recording measured temperature T data of the optical fiber temperature sensor and corresponding current errors of the all-fiber current transformer through an acquisition unit of the all-fiber current transformer, and establishing a corresponding relation between the current errors of the all-fiber current transformer and the temperature data of the optical fiber temperature sensor;
in the operation stage, the optical fiber fluorescent temperature sensor is used for detecting the environmental temperature of the optical fiber sensing ring, the acquisition unit of the all-fiber current transformer is used for acquiring and receiving the temperature data of the optical fiber fluorescent temperature sensor, and the compensation coefficient is calculated according to the corresponding relation between the current error of the all-fiber current transformer and the temperature data of the optical fiber temperature sensor;
and adjusting a current signal output by the all-fiber current transformer according to the compensation coefficient, and compensating a current error corresponding to the temperature data.
8. The method for temperature compensation of an all-fiber current transformer according to claim 7, wherein said establishing a correspondence between a current error of the all-fiber current transformer and temperature data of the fiber temperature sensor comprises: and establishing the corresponding relation between the error of the all-fiber current transformer and the temperature data of the fiber temperature sensor in a curve fitting or table look-up mode.
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