CN116771352A - Collecting equipment and method for collapsed sea sand extraction - Google Patents
Collecting equipment and method for collapsed sea sand extraction Download PDFInfo
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- CN116771352A CN116771352A CN202310860785.9A CN202310860785A CN116771352A CN 116771352 A CN116771352 A CN 116771352A CN 202310860785 A CN202310860785 A CN 202310860785A CN 116771352 A CN116771352 A CN 116771352A
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 213
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005526 G1 to G0 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036346 tooth eruption Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003809 water extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C50/00—Obtaining minerals from underwater, not otherwise provided for
- E21C50/02—Obtaining minerals from underwater, not otherwise provided for dependent on the ship movements
Abstract
The invention discloses collection equipment and a method for extracting collapsed sea sand, wherein the collection equipment comprises a working mother ship, a T-shaped outer pipe, a driving device, an inner sand extracting pipe, a collection head, a sand breaking tunneling device, a collapse promoting jet nozzle and an electric control system, and the left end and the right end of the rear side of the T-shaped outer pipe are in running fit with the working mother ship. The T-shaped outer tube is internally provided with a plurality of high-pressure water pipes which are sequentially arranged on the outer wall of the T-shaped outer tube at intervals along the length direction of the longitudinal tube body, and the high-pressure water pipes supply water for the collapse-promoting jet flow nozzles. The collection head is installed in T shape outer tube front end, and the sand pumping inner tube sets up inside T shape outer tube, and its front end links to each other with the collection head fixed seal, and the rear end is connected with the suction pump. The three expansion jet heads are arranged on the collecting head, are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the suction port in a ring shape, and the sand breaking tunneling device is arranged on the collecting head. The invention directly extracts the lower sea sand, reduces the damage to the ecological environment of the seabed, and has the advantages of high extraction efficiency and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of marine sand extraction, in particular to collapsed type marine sand extraction collection equipment and method.
Background
Sea sand is divided into upper sea sand and lower sea sand, the upper sea sand has smaller grain size, more impurities and poor economic benefit, the lower sea sand is a main target for sand extraction, the lower sea sand can be collected only after the upper sea sand is stripped from the upper sea sand in the prior art, the benefit is reduced, and the upper sea sand also needs to be discharged and the like, so that secondary pollution is caused. The upper layer sea sand is a main habitat of the submarine organisms, the existing sand collecting device and method directly and completely destroy the habitat, and a large amount of sediment is suspended, so that the influence on mining areas and surrounding environments is large. The lower sea sand is difficult to crush and collect by a common water extraction mining method due to the fact that the deep burying time is long, hardness is large, sand grains are combined firmly, crushing efficiency can be improved by mechanical auxiliary crushing, but energy consumption on a ship can be greatly increased by long-time operation of a mechanical device, and acquisition cost is improved. Accordingly, there is a need for further improvements and enhancements in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the collection equipment for extracting the collapsed sea sand, and solves the problems that the upper sea sand needs to be peeled off firstly when the lower sea sand is collected, the lower sea sand is high in strength and difficult to crush, the exploitation cost is high, the benefit is reduced, a large amount of sediment is suspended, and the influence on mining areas and surrounding environments is large.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a collection equipment that sea sand of collapsing was taken out, includes operation mother ship, T shape outer tube, drive arrangement, take out sand inner tube, collection head, broken sand tunneling device, promote the jet nozzle that collapses and electrical system, T shape outer tube is by vertical body and horizontal body link to each other and constitutes, and the middle part of operation mother ship has the rectangular logical groove that can hold vertical body, and the both ends of horizontal body all rotate with operation mother ship.
The driving device is arranged on the right side of the operation mother ship and comprises a first motor and a worm gear mechanism, and the output end of the first motor can drive the T-shaped outer tube to rotate around the axis of the transverse tube body of the T-shaped outer tube through the worm gear mechanism.
The T-shaped outer tube is internally provided with a plurality of high-pressure water pipes, all collapse-promoting jet flow nozzles are sequentially arranged on the outer wall of the T-shaped outer tube at intervals along the length direction of the longitudinal tube body, and the high-pressure water pipes supply water for all collapse-promoting jet flow nozzles.
The collecting head is fixedly arranged at the front end of the longitudinal pipe body, the suction port is formed in the center of the front end of the longitudinal pipe body, the sand suction inner pipe is arranged inside the T-shaped outer pipe, the front end of the sand suction inner pipe is fixedly and hermetically connected with the collecting head, and the rear end of the sand suction inner pipe extends to the outside of the T-shaped outer pipe and is connected with the suction pump.
The three expansion jet heads are annularly and uniformly arranged at the periphery of the suction port, water is supplied to the expansion jet heads through a high-pressure water pipe, and the sand breaking tunneling device is arranged on the collection head and used for the collection head to penetrate through an upper sand layer to reach the bottom of a lower sand layer.
Further, the rear end of the longitudinal pipe body is connected with the middle stationary phase of the transverse pipe body into a whole, and the left end face and the right end face of the transverse pipe body are respectively provided with an end plate capable of sealing the inside of the transverse pipe body.
The left end and the right end of the transverse pipe body are respectively connected with the bearing seats on the same side in a rotating way through bearings.
Further, the first motor is fixedly arranged on the right side of the operation mother ship, the output end of the first motor is connected with the input end of the speed reducer, and the signal end of the first motor is in communication connection with the electric control system.
The worm wheel of the worm gear mechanism is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the transverse tube body and is coaxially arranged with the outer wall of the transverse tube body, the worm of the worm gear mechanism is fixed at the output end of the speed reducer, and when the speed reducer is in operation, the first motor drives the worm to rotate through the speed reducer, and the worm is meshed with the worm wheel and drives the T-shaped outer tube to rotate around the axis of the transverse tube body.
Further, the main body part of the sand pumping inner pipe is coaxially arranged with the longitudinal pipe body, one end of the sand pumping inner pipe is communicated with the suction port, the other end of the sand pumping inner pipe penetrates out from the center of the end plate positioned at the left side, and the outer wall of the sand pumping inner pipe is fixedly and hermetically connected with the end plate positioned at the left side.
The high-pressure water pipe is provided with first branch pipes which are equal to the collapse-promoting jet flow spray heads in number and correspond to each other in position one by one, each collapse-promoting jet flow spray head is connected with the high-pressure water pipe through the corresponding first branch pipe, the first branch pipe is provided with an electromagnetic valve, and the signal end of the electromagnetic valve is in communication connection with the electric control system.
The water inlet end of the high-pressure water pipe penetrates out of the end plate positioned at the left side and is connected with a high-pressure water pump.
Further, three rotary bulbs are arranged on the front end face of the collecting head, and three expansion jet flow heads are respectively arranged on the surfaces of the three rotary bulbs in an eccentric mode and are in rotary sealing fit with the collecting head.
Each rotary ball head is provided with a hollow shaft servo motor, the hollow shaft servo motor drives the corresponding rotary ball head to rotate, one end of a hollow shaft of the hollow shaft servo motor is connected with the expansion jet head, and the other end of the hollow shaft servo motor is connected with the high-pressure water pipe through a second branch pipe with a rotary sealing joint.
Further, the front end face of the collecting head is fixedly provided with three first mounting seats which are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the suction port in a ring shape and are sequentially and alternately arranged with the three expansion jet heads.
The sand breaking tunneling device comprises three tunneling jet heads which are respectively arranged on the first installation seats, the tunneling jet heads are arranged in an inclined manner relative to the axial direction of the longitudinal pipe body, and the inlet ends of the tunneling jet heads are connected with the high-pressure water pipe through a third branch pipe.
The jet flow direction of each tunneling jet flow head gathers inwards, and a jet flow junction is formed in front of the suction port.
Further, the front end face of the collecting head is fixedly provided with three second installation seats which are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the suction port in a ring shape and are sequentially and alternately arranged with the three expansion jet heads.
The sand breaking tunneling device comprises a second motor, a transmission mechanism and three cutting teeth, wherein the three cutting teeth are respectively arranged on three mounting seats II, and cutting tooth shafts of each cutting tooth are in rotary sealing fit with the corresponding mounting seats II.
The second motor is fixedly arranged on the right side of the operation mother ship, and the output end of the second motor drives all cutting picks to synchronously rotate through a transmission mechanism.
Further, the transmission mechanism comprises a first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft and a gear assembly, wherein the first rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the right side of the transverse tube body and is coaxially arranged relative to the transverse tube body.
The right end of the first rotating shaft is connected with the output end of the second motor, the second rotating shaft is arranged inside the longitudinal pipe body along the axial direction of the longitudinal pipe body and is in running fit with the longitudinal pipe body, and the rear end of the second rotating shaft is connected with the left end of the first rotating shaft in a bevel gear transmission mode.
The front end of the second rotating shaft is connected with pick shafts of the three picks through a gear assembly and drives the three picks to synchronously rotate.
Further, the inside of gathering the head has the cavity, and gear assembly includes first straight gear, duplex gear and three second straight gear, and duplex gear is the integral structure that constitutes through the adapter sleeve by big ring gear and little ring gear, rotates the junction that sets up at gathering head and vertical body.
The first straight gears are arranged at the front end of the first rotating shaft and meshed with the small toothed ring, the three second straight gears are uniformly arranged on the circumference taking the axis of the longitudinal pipe body as the center of a circle and meshed with the large toothed ring, and the gear shafts of the second straight gears are in running fit with the collecting head.
The pick shafts of the three picks are movably connected with the gear shafts of the three second spur gears through the cross universal couplings respectively, and when the double-gear type cutting pick is in operation, the first spur gears drive the second spur gears to rotate through the double-gear type gears, and the second spur gears drive the picks to rotate through the cross universal couplings.
Another object of the invention is to propose a method of collecting equipment for collapsible sea sand extraction.
The collecting method of the collapsed sea sand extraction adopts the collecting equipment of the collapsed sea sand extraction, and the collecting method comprises the following steps:
s1, enabling a working mother ship to reach the water surface above a working area, starting a first motor, driving a T-shaped outer tube to rotate downwards around the axis of a transverse tube body by the aid of a worm and gear mechanism, and enabling a collecting head to move downwards to reach the upper surface of upper sea sand.
S2, starting the sand breaking tunneling device, enabling the collecting head to enter the upper sea sand in a jet tunneling or mechanical tunneling mode, enabling the T-shaped outer tube to continuously rotate downwards under the action of the driving device, and simultaneously enabling the operation mother ship to be matched with the angle adjustment position of the T-shaped outer tube.
The collecting head moves downwards to pass through the upper sea sand to reach the bottom of the lower sea sand, and when the included angle between the longitudinal pipe body of the T-shaped outer pipe and the horizontal direction is equal to the collapse angle theta, the T-shaped outer pipe stops moving, and the operation mother ship anchors to fix the hull.
S3, the three expansion jet heads spray high-pressure water outwards to impact the lower layer sea sand around the collecting heads to loosen the sea sand, meanwhile, the suction pump starts to work, the lower layer sea sand around the collecting heads enters the sand pumping inner pipe through the suction port, and the lower layer sea sand of the sand pumping inner pipe is pumped to the operation mother ship.
After the lower layer sea sand around the collecting head is pumped away, a cavity is formed in front of the collecting head and is continuously enlarged, the upper layer sea sand above the cavity forms a funnel-shaped collapse under the action of gravity, and the lower layer sea sand collapsed around the collecting port is continuously pumped away.
And S4, when the upper layer sea sand above the T-shaped outer tube does not collapse according to the preset requirement, the collapse jet nozzle is promoted to start to spray high-pressure water outwards, the upper layer sea sand on the periphery of the longitudinal tube body is impacted, the upper layer sea sand is promoted to collapse to the periphery of the collecting head, and the upper layer sea sand is pumped to the operation mother ship by the sand pumping inner tube.
And S5, in the extraction process, when the worker observes that the upper sea sand appears in the sea sand extracted to the operation mother ship, determining that the lower sea sand in the operation area is completely collected, and stopping the suction pump.
The anchor is received to operation mother ship and is released fixedly, and first motor passes through worm gear mechanism drive T shape outer tube and upwards rotates, gathers the head and deviate from and get back to initial condition from sea sand, and operation mother ship removes the surface of water above the next operation area, carries out the sand operation of gathering according to S1 to S4' S mode of operation.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that: the invention can directly extract the lower sea sand without stripping the upper sea sand, greatly reduce the influence on the submarine organisms and greatly reduce the sediment suspension. The collecting head is drilled into the bottom of the lower-layer sea sand by the aid of the sand breaking jet device, then surrounding broken sea sand is extracted, a cavity is formed, the self-weight of the upper-layer sea sand is utilized to cause collapse, the self-weight is broken, the self-weight falls into the suction range of the collecting head, and then the collecting head is used for collecting, so that energy consumption can be greatly reduced, collecting efficiency is high, and mining cost is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a collapsed sea sand extraction collection device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a combined schematic diagram of a first implementation of the collection equipment of collapsed sea sand extraction according to the invention.
FIG. 3 is an internal block diagram of the T-shaped outer tube, the collection head and the sand breaking and tunneling device of the present invention of FIG. 2.
FIG. 4 is an internal block diagram of the T-shaped outer tube, acquisition head and expansion jet head of the present invention of FIG. 2.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the T-shaped outer tube of the present invention and its internal structure of fig. 2.
Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a pick head and its associated structure in accordance with a second implementation of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is an internal block diagram of a T-shaped outer tube, a collection head and a sand breaking tunneling device according to a second implementation of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a T-shaped outer tube and its internal structure according to a second implementation of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a state diagram of a collapsed sea sand extraction collection device of the present invention prior to collection.
Fig. 10 is a state diagram of a collapsed sea sand extraction acquisition device in the present invention in the acquisition.
Fig. 11 is a state diagram of the collecting equipment for collapsed sea sand extraction after collection according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
embodiment 1, with reference to fig. 1 to 5, a collection device for collapsible sea sand extraction comprises a mother ship 1, a T-shaped outer tube 2, a driving device, a sand extraction inner tube 11, a collection head 3, a sand breaking tunneling device, a collapse promoting jet nozzle 42 and an electric control system, wherein the T-shaped outer tube 2 is formed by connecting a longitudinal tube body 21 and a transverse tube body 22, the middle part of the mother ship 1 is provided with a long strip through groove capable of accommodating the longitudinal tube body 21, the transverse tube body 22 is positioned at the rear side of the long strip through groove, the left end and the right end of the transverse tube body 22 are in running fit with the mother ship 1, the longitudinal tube body 21 is positioned at the front side of the transverse tube body 22, and the rear end of the longitudinal tube body 21 is fixedly connected with the middle part of the transverse tube body 22 and communicated with the inside of the transverse tube body 22.
Specifically, the longitudinal tube body 21 and the transverse tube body 22 are straight tube bodies with circular cross sections, and the left end face and the right end face of the transverse tube body 22 are respectively provided with an end plate 23 capable of sealing the inside of the transverse tube body. Two bearing seats 24 are symmetrically and fixedly arranged on the left side and the right side of the inner side of the operation mother ship 1, the left end and the right end of the transverse pipe body 22 are respectively connected with the bearing seats 24 on the same side in a rotating way through bearings, the T-shaped outer pipe 2 can rotate around the axis of the transverse pipe body 22, which is equal to the operation mother ship 1, and the inclination angle of the longitudinal pipe body 21 relative to the horizontal plane is adjusted.
The driving device is arranged on the right side of the operation mother ship 1 and comprises a first motor and a worm gear mechanism, and the output end of the first motor can drive the T-shaped outer tube 2 to rotate around the axis of the transverse tube body 22 through the worm gear mechanism. Specifically, the first motor is fixedly arranged on the right side of the cabin of the operation mother ship 1, the output end of the first motor is connected with the input end of the speed reducer, and the signal end of the first motor is in communication connection with the electric control system.
The worm wheel 51 of the worm gear mechanism is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the transverse tube body 22 and is coaxially arranged with the transverse tube body 22, the worm 52 of the worm gear mechanism is vertically arranged on one side of the worm wheel 51, the lower end of the worm 52 is fixedly connected to the output end of the speed reducer, and when the device is in operation, the first motor drives the worm 52 to rotate through the speed reducer, the worm 52 is meshed with the worm wheel 51 and drives the T-shaped outer tube 2 to rotate around the axis of the transverse tube body 22, so that the angle adjustment of the longitudinal tube body 21 is realized, and the longitudinal tube body 21 drives the acquisition head 3 at the front end of the longitudinal tube body to ascend or descend.
The collection head 3 is fixedly arranged at the front end of the longitudinal tube body 21, a suction port 31 is formed in the center of the collection head, the sand suction inner tube 11 is arranged inside the T-shaped outer tube 2, the front end of the sand suction inner tube is fixedly and hermetically connected with the collection head 3, and the rear end of the sand suction inner tube extends to the outside of the T-shaped outer tube 2 and is connected with a suction pump. When the operation mother ship 1 normally travels, the T-shaped outer pipe 2 is positioned above the water surface and is in a horizontal state, and is fixed on the hull of the operation mother ship 1 through the limiting device. After reaching the working area, the operation mother ship 1 stops, the limit device releases the limit on the T-shaped outer pipe 2, and the worm and gear mechanism drives the T-shaped outer pipe 2 to rotate so as to enable the T-shaped outer pipe and the lower part of the collecting head 3 to be in water.
Specifically, the main body part of the sand pumping inner pipe 11 is coaxially arranged with the longitudinal pipe body 21, one end of the sand pumping inner pipe 11 is communicated with the suction port 31, after the rear side part of the sand pumping inner pipe 11 is bent to the left side at the joint of the longitudinal pipe body 21 and the transverse pipe body 22, the other end of the sand pumping inner pipe 11 penetrates out from the center of the end plate 23 positioned at the left side of the transverse pipe body 22, the outer wall of the sand pumping inner pipe 11 is fixedly and hermetically welded with the end plate 23 positioned at the left side, the other end of the sand pumping inner pipe 11 is connected with the inlet end of the suction pump through a flexible hose, and when the sand pumping inner pipe 11 works, the lower sea sand and seawater always keep in a negative pressure state, enter the sand pumping inner pipe 11 through the suction port 31, and pass through the sand pumping inner pipe 11 and the suction pump to reach the operation mother ship 1.
The T-shaped outer tube 2 is internally provided with a high-pressure water tube 4, a plurality of collapse promotion jet nozzles 42 are arranged, all collapse promotion jet nozzles 42 are sequentially arranged on the outer wall of the T-shaped outer tube along the length direction of the longitudinal tube body 21 at intervals, and the high-pressure water tube 4 supplies water for all collapse promotion jet nozzles 42. The high-pressure water pipe 4 is provided with first branch pipes 41 which are equal to the collapse-promoting jet flow spray heads 42 in number and correspond to each other in position one by one, each collapse-promoting jet flow spray head 42 is connected with the high-pressure water pipe 4 through the corresponding first branch pipe 41, the first branch pipe 41 is provided with an electromagnetic valve, and the signal end of the electromagnetic valve is in communication connection with an electric control system. The water inlet end of the high-pressure water pipe 4 penetrates out of the end plate 23 positioned on the left side and is connected with a high-pressure water pump, the high-pressure water pump supplies high-pressure water into the high-pressure water pipe 4, the high-pressure water can be sprayed to the upper side of the T-shaped outer pipe 2 through the jet nozzle 42 to flush a sand layer, the space is expanded in the process of lowering the T-shaped outer pipe 2, and the collapse of the sand layer above the T-shaped outer pipe 2 is promoted in the process of sand production.
The three expansion jet heads 32 are arranged on the collecting head 3, the three expansion jet heads 32 are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the suction port 31 in a ring shape, water is supplied to the three expansion jet heads by the high-pressure water pipe 4, and the sand breaking tunneling device is arranged on the collecting head 3 and used for enabling the collecting head 3 to penetrate through the upper layer sea sand to reach the bottom of the lower layer sea sand. The high-pressure water in the high-pressure water pipe 4 is sprayed outwards at a high speed through the three expansion jet heads 32, sea sand is sprayed on the front side of the suction port 31, the T-shaped outer pipe 2 drives the collecting head 3 to penetrate through the upper sea sand to reach the lower part of the lower sea sand, the three expansion jet heads 32 spray the high-pressure water outwards to break the sand, and a space is expanded in front of the collecting head 3 to enable the collecting head to move downwards to reach the lower part of the lower sea sand.
Specifically, three rotating ball heads 37 are arranged on the front end face of the collecting head 3, and three expansion jet heads 32 are respectively arranged on the surfaces of the three rotating ball heads 37 in an eccentric mode, and the rotating ball heads 37 are in rotary sealing fit with the collecting head 3. Each rotary ball head 37 is provided with a hollow shaft servo motor 33, the hollow shaft servo motor 33 drives the corresponding rotary ball head 37 to rotate, one end of a hollow shaft of the hollow shaft servo motor 33 is connected with the expansion jet head 32, and the other end of the hollow shaft is connected and communicated with the high-pressure water pipe 4 through a second branch pipe 34 with a rotary sealing joint.
Three first mounting seats 35 are fixed on the front end face of the collecting head 3, and the three first mounting seats 35 are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the suction port 31 in a ring shape and are sequentially and alternately arranged with the three expansion jet heads 32.
The sand-breaking tunneling device comprises three tunneling jet heads 61, the three tunneling jet heads 61 are respectively arranged on the first mounting seats 35, the tunneling jet heads 61 are arranged in an inclined manner relative to the axial direction of the longitudinal pipe body 21, the inlet ends of the tunneling jet heads 61 are connected and communicated with the high-pressure water pipe 4 through a third branch pipe 62, and a booster pump is arranged on the third branch pipe 62. The jet direction of each tunneling jet head 61 converges inward, and a jet junction is formed in front of the suction port 31.
Embodiment 2, with reference to fig. 1 to 8, a collection device for extracting collapsed sea sand comprises a working mother ship 1, a T-shaped outer pipe 2, a driving device, an inner sand extracting pipe 11, a collection head 3, a sand breaking tunneling device, a collapse promoting jet nozzle 42 and an electric control system, wherein the T-shaped outer pipe 2 is formed by connecting a longitudinal pipe body 21 and a transverse pipe body 22, the middle part of the working mother ship 1 is provided with a long through groove capable of accommodating the longitudinal pipe body 21, and two ends of the longitudinal pipe body 21 are in running fit with the working mother ship 1.
Specifically, the rear end of the longitudinal tube 21 is integrally connected with the middle stationary phase of the transverse tube 22, and the left and right end surfaces of the transverse tube 22 are respectively provided with an end plate 23 capable of sealing the inside thereof. Two bearing seats 24 are symmetrically arranged on the operation mother ship 1 in a left-right mode, and the left end and the right end of the transverse pipe body 22 are respectively connected with the bearing seats 24 on the same side in a rotating mode through bearings.
The driving device is arranged on the right side of the operation mother ship 1 and comprises a first motor and a worm gear mechanism, and the output end of the first motor can drive the T-shaped outer tube 2 to rotate around the axis of the transverse tube body 22 through the worm gear mechanism. The first motor is fixedly arranged on the right side of the operation mother ship 1, the output end of the first motor is connected with the input end of the speed reducer, and the signal end of the first motor is in communication connection with the electric control system.
The worm wheel 51 of the worm gear mechanism is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the transverse tube body 22 and is coaxially arranged with the outer wall of the transverse tube body, the worm 52 of the worm gear mechanism is fixed at the output end of the speed reducer, and when the T-shaped outer tube 2 is in operation, the first motor drives the worm 52 to rotate through the speed reducer, and the worm 52 is meshed with the worm wheel 51 and drives the T-shaped outer tube 2 to rotate around the axis of the transverse tube body 22.
The collection head 3 is fixedly arranged at the front end of the longitudinal tube body 21, a suction port 31 is formed in the center of the collection head, the sand suction inner tube 11 is arranged inside the T-shaped outer tube 2, the front end of the sand suction inner tube is fixedly and hermetically connected with the collection head 3, and the rear end of the sand suction inner tube extends to the outside of the T-shaped outer tube 2 and is connected with a suction pump.
Specifically, the main body of the sand pumping inner pipe 11 is coaxially arranged with the longitudinal pipe body 21, one end of the sand pumping inner pipe 11 is communicated with the suction port 31, the other end of the sand pumping inner pipe is penetrated out from the center of the end plate 23 positioned at the left side, and the outer wall of the sand pumping inner pipe 11 is fixedly and hermetically connected with the end plate 23 at the left side.
The T-shaped outer tube 2 is internally provided with a high-pressure water tube 4, a plurality of collapse promotion jet nozzles 42 are arranged, all collapse promotion jet nozzles 42 are sequentially arranged on the outer wall of the T-shaped outer tube along the length direction of the longitudinal tube body 21 at intervals, and the high-pressure water tube 4 supplies water for all collapse promotion jet nozzles 42. The high-pressure water pipe 4 is provided with first branch pipes 41 which are equal to the collapse-promoting jet flow spray heads 42 in number and correspond to each other in position one by one, each collapse-promoting jet flow spray head 42 is connected with the high-pressure water pipe 4 through the corresponding first branch pipe 41, the first branch pipe 41 is provided with an electromagnetic valve, and the signal end of the electromagnetic valve is in communication connection with an electric control system. The water inlet end of the high-pressure water pipe 4 penetrates out of the end plate 23 positioned at the left side and is connected with a high-pressure water pump.
The three expansion jet heads 32 are arranged on the collecting head 3, the three expansion jet heads 32 are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the suction port 31 in a ring shape, water is supplied to the three expansion jet heads by the high-pressure water pipe 4, and the sand breaking tunneling device is arranged on the collecting head 3 and used for enabling the collecting head 3 to penetrate through the upper sand layer to reach the bottom of the lower sand layer.
Specifically, three rotating ball heads 37 are arranged on the front end face of the collecting head 3, and three expansion jet heads 32 are respectively arranged on the surfaces of the three rotating ball heads 37 in an eccentric mode, and the rotating ball heads 37 are in rotary sealing fit with the collecting head 3. Each rotary ball head 37 is provided with a hollow shaft servo motor 33, the hollow shaft servo motor 33 drives the corresponding rotary ball head 37 to rotate, one end of a hollow shaft of the hollow shaft servo motor 33 is connected with the expansion jet head 32, and the other end of the hollow shaft is connected and communicated with the high-pressure water pipe 4 through a second branch pipe 34 with a rotary sealing joint.
Three second installation seats 36 are fixed on the front end face of the collection head 3, and the three second installation seats 36 are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the suction port 31 in a ring shape and are sequentially and alternately arranged with the three expansion jet heads 32.
The sand breaking tunneling device comprises a second motor 71, a transmission mechanism and three cutting picks 72, wherein the three cutting picks 72 are respectively arranged on the second mounting seats 36, and cutting pick shafts of each cutting pick 72 are in rotary sealing fit with the corresponding second mounting seats 36. The second motor 71 is fixedly arranged on the right side of the operation mother ship 1, and the output end of the second motor drives all picks 72 to synchronously rotate through a transmission mechanism. In the process that the T-shaped outer tube 2 drives the collection head 3 to penetrate through the upper sea sand to reach the lower part of the lower sea sand, the three cutting picks 72 rotate to break sand on the sand layer on the front side of the collection head 3, so that the sea sand layer with higher strength is broken and loose, and an expansion space is drilled in front of the collection head 3, so that the sea sand moves downwards to reach the lower part of the lower sea sand.
Specifically, the transmission mechanism includes a first rotating shaft 73, a second rotating shaft 74, and a gear assembly, and the first rotating shaft 73 is rotatably disposed on the right side of the lateral tube body 22 and is coaxially disposed with respect thereto.
The right end of the first rotating shaft 73 is connected with the output end of the second motor 71, the second rotating shaft 74 is arranged inside the longitudinal pipe body 21 along the axial direction of the longitudinal pipe body 21 and is in running fit with the longitudinal pipe body 21, and the rear end of the second rotating shaft 74 is connected with the left end of the first rotating shaft 73 in a bevel gear transmission mode. The front end of the second rotating shaft 74 is connected to the pick shafts of the three picks 72 through a gear assembly, and drives the three picks 72 to rotate synchronously.
The inside of collection head 3 has the cavity, and gear assembly includes first straight gear 81, duplex gear 82 and three second straight gear 83, and duplex gear 82 is the integral structure that constitutes through the adapter sleeve by big ring gear and little ring gear, rotates the junction that sets up at collection head 3 and vertical body 21.
The first spur gear 81 is mounted at the front end of the first rotating shaft 73, meshed with the small toothed ring, and the three second spur gears 83 are uniformly arranged on the circumference taking the axis of the longitudinal pipe body 21 as the center of a circle and meshed with the large toothed ring, and the gear shafts of the second spur gears 83 are in running fit with the collecting head 3. The pick shafts of the three picks 72 are movably connected with the gear shafts of the three second spur gears 83 through the cross universal couplings 84, respectively, and, in operation, the first spur gears 81 drive the second spur gears 83 to rotate through the duplex gears 82, and the second spur gears 83 drive the cutting pick 72 to rotate through the Oldham coupling 84.
Embodiment 3, in combination with fig. 1 to 11, is a collecting method for collapsed sea sand extraction, which adopts the collecting device for collapsed sea sand extraction described in embodiment 1, and the collecting method includes the following steps:
s1, enabling the operation mother ship 1 to reach the water surface above an operation area, starting a first motor, driving the T-shaped outer pipe 2 to rotate downwards around the axis of the transverse pipe body 22 by a worm and gear mechanism, and enabling the collection head 3 to move downwards to reach the upper surface of the upper sea sand.
S2, starting the sand breaking tunneling device, enabling the collecting head 3 to enter the upper layer sea sand in a jet tunneling mode, enabling the T-shaped outer tube 2 to continuously rotate downwards under the action of the driving device, and simultaneously enabling the operation mother ship 1 to be matched with the angle adjustment position of the T-shaped outer tube 2.
The collecting head 3 moves downwards to pass through the upper sea sand to reach the bottom of the lower sea sand, and when the included angle between the longitudinal pipe body 21 of the T-shaped outer pipe 2 and the horizontal direction is equal to the collapse angle theta, the T-shaped outer pipe 2 stops moving, and the operation mother ship 1 anchors and fixes the ship body. And calculating a collapse angle theta according to parameters such as an internal friction angle phi of the lower sand obtained by pre-exploration, wherein the collapse angle theta is generally close to the internal friction angle phi.
S3, the three expansion jet heads 32 spray high-pressure water outwards to impact the lower sea sand around the collecting head 3 to loosen the sea sand, meanwhile, the suction pump starts to work, the lower sea sand around the collecting head 3 enters the sand pumping inner pipe 11 through the suction port 31, and the lower sea sand of the sand pumping inner pipe 11 is pumped to the operation mother ship 1.
After the lower layer sea sand around the collecting head 3 is pumped away, a cavity is formed in front of the collecting head and is continuously enlarged, the upper layer sea sand above the cavity forms a funnel-shaped collapse under the action of gravity, and the lower layer sea sand collapsed around the collecting port is continuously pumped away.
And S4, when the upper sea sand above the T-shaped outer tube 2 does not collapse according to the preset requirement, the collapse jet nozzle 42 is promoted to start to spray high-pressure water outwards, the upper sea sand on the periphery of the longitudinal tube body 21 is impacted, the upper sea sand is promoted to collapse to the periphery of the collecting head 3, and the sand pumping inner tube 11 is pumped to the operation mother ship 1.
And S5, in the extraction process, when the worker observes that the upper sea sand appears in the sea sand extracted to the operation mother ship 1, determining that the lower sea sand in the operation area is completely collected, and stopping the suction pump.
The anchor is received to operation mother ship 1 and is released fixedly, and first motor passes through worm gear mechanism drive T shape outer tube 2 and upwards rotates, gathers head 3 and deviate from the sea sand and get back to initial condition, and operation mother ship 1 removes the surface of water above the next operation area, carries out the sand operation of adopting according to the mode of operation of S1 to S4.
Embodiment 4, referring to fig. 1 to 11, a collecting method for collapsed sea sand extraction, which adopts the collecting device for collapsed sea sand extraction described in embodiment 2, the working steps of the collecting method are basically the same as those in embodiment 3, and the difference is that the collecting head 3 in S2 enters the upper sea sand in a mechanical tunneling manner, the T-shaped outer tube 2 continues to rotate downwards under the action of the driving device, the mechanical tunneling manner means that the second motor 71 drives the three picks 72 to rotate around the axes thereof respectively through the driving mechanism, the three picks 72 break sand on the sand layer at the front side of the collecting head 3, so that the sea sand layer with higher strength is broken and loosened, and an expansion space is drilled in front of the collecting head 3, so that the lower sea sand layer is reached by the downward movement.
The parts not described in the invention can be realized by adopting or referring to the prior art.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc., are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
It should be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed, but to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed, and that the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but is intended to cover modifications, adaptations, additions and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The collecting device for the collapsible sea sand extraction is characterized by comprising a working mother ship, a T-shaped outer pipe, a driving device, a sand extraction inner pipe, a collecting head, a sand breaking tunneling device, a collapse promoting jet nozzle and an electric control system, wherein the T-shaped outer pipe is formed by connecting a longitudinal pipe body and a transverse pipe body, the middle part of the working mother ship is provided with a long strip through groove capable of accommodating the longitudinal pipe body, and two ends of the transverse pipe body are in running fit with the working mother ship;
the driving device is arranged on the right side of the operation mother ship and comprises a first motor and a worm gear mechanism, wherein the output end of the first motor can drive the T-shaped outer tube to rotate around the axis of the transverse tube body of the T-shaped outer tube through the worm gear mechanism;
the T-shaped outer tube is internally provided with a plurality of high-pressure water pipes, all collapse-promoting jet flow nozzles are sequentially arranged on the outer wall of the T-shaped outer tube at intervals along the length direction of the longitudinal tube body, and the high-pressure water pipes supply water for all collapse-promoting jet flow nozzles;
the collecting head is fixedly arranged at the front end of the longitudinal pipe body, a suction port is formed in the center of the collecting head, the sand suction inner pipe is arranged inside the T-shaped outer pipe, the front end of the sand suction inner pipe is fixedly and hermetically connected with the collecting head, and the rear end of the sand suction inner pipe extends to the outside of the T-shaped outer pipe and is connected with a suction pump;
the three expansion jet heads are annularly and uniformly arranged at the periphery of the suction port, water is supplied to the expansion jet heads through a high-pressure water pipe, and the sand breaking tunneling device is arranged on the collection head and used for the collection head to penetrate through an upper sand layer to reach the bottom of a lower sand layer.
2. The collecting device for extracting collapsed sea sand according to claim 1, wherein the rear end of the longitudinal pipe body is connected with the middle stationary phase of the transverse pipe body into a whole, and the left and right end surfaces of the transverse pipe body are respectively provided with an end plate capable of sealing the inside of the transverse pipe body;
the left end and the right end of the transverse pipe body are respectively connected with the bearing seats on the same side in a rotating way through bearings.
3. The collecting device for extracting collapsed sea sand according to claim 1, wherein the first motor is fixedly installed on the right side of the operation mother ship, the output end of the first motor is connected with the input end of the speed reducer, and the signal end of the first motor is in communication connection with the electric control system;
the worm wheel of the worm gear mechanism is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the transverse tube body and is coaxially arranged with the outer wall of the transverse tube body, the worm of the worm gear mechanism is fixed at the output end of the speed reducer, and when the speed reducer is in operation, the first motor drives the worm to rotate through the speed reducer, and the worm is meshed with the worm wheel and drives the T-shaped outer tube to rotate around the axis of the transverse tube body.
4. The collecting device for extracting collapsed sea sand according to claim 1, wherein the main body part of the sand extracting inner tube is arranged coaxially with the longitudinal tube body, one end of the sand extracting inner tube is communicated with the suction port, the other end of the sand extracting inner tube penetrates out from the center of the end plate positioned at the left side, and the outer wall of the sand extracting inner tube is fixedly and hermetically connected with the end plate positioned at the left side;
the high-pressure water pipe is provided with first branch pipes which are equal to the collapse-promoting jet flow spray heads in number and correspond to each other in position one by one, each collapse-promoting jet flow spray head is connected with the high-pressure water pipe through the corresponding first branch pipe, the first branch pipe is provided with an electromagnetic valve, and the signal end of the electromagnetic valve is in communication connection with the electric control system;
the water inlet end of the high-pressure water pipe penetrates out of the end plate positioned at the left side and is connected with a high-pressure water pump.
5. The collecting device for extracting collapsed sea sand according to claim 1, wherein three rotary ball heads are arranged on the front end face of the collecting head, the three expansion jet heads are respectively arranged on the surfaces of the three rotary ball heads in an eccentric mode, and the rotary ball heads are in rotary sealing fit with the collecting head;
each rotary ball head is provided with a hollow shaft servo motor, the hollow shaft servo motor drives the corresponding rotary ball head to rotate, one end of a hollow shaft of the hollow shaft servo motor is connected with the expansion jet head, and the other end of the hollow shaft servo motor is connected with the high-pressure water pipe through a second branch pipe with a rotary sealing joint.
6. The collecting device for extracting collapsed sea sand according to claim 1, wherein three first mounting seats are fixed on the front end face of the collecting head, are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the suction port in a ring shape, and are sequentially and alternately arranged with three expansion jet heads;
the sand breaking tunneling device comprises three tunneling jet heads which are respectively arranged on the first installation seats, the tunneling jet heads are arranged in an inclined manner relative to the axial direction of the longitudinal pipe body, and the inlet ends of the tunneling jet heads are connected with the high-pressure water pipe through a third branch pipe;
the jet flow direction of each tunneling jet flow head gathers inwards, and a jet flow junction is formed in front of the suction port.
7. The collecting device for extracting collapsed sea sand according to claim 1, wherein the front end face of the collecting head is fixedly provided with three second mounting seats which are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the suction port in a ring shape and are sequentially and alternately arranged with three expansion jet heads;
the sand breaking tunneling device comprises a second motor, a transmission mechanism and three cutting picks, wherein the three cutting picks are respectively arranged on three mounting seats II, and a cutting pick shaft of each cutting pick is in rotary sealing fit with the corresponding mounting seat II;
the second motor is fixedly arranged on the right side of the operation mother ship, and the output end of the second motor drives all cutting picks to synchronously rotate through a transmission mechanism.
8. The collecting device for extracting collapsed sea sand according to claim 7, wherein the transmission mechanism comprises a first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft and a gear assembly, wherein the first rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the right side of the transverse pipe body and is coaxially arranged relative to the transverse pipe body;
the right end of the first rotating shaft is connected with the output end of the second motor, the second rotating shaft is arranged inside the longitudinal pipe body along the axial direction of the longitudinal pipe body and is in running fit with the longitudinal pipe body, and the rear end of the second rotating shaft is connected with the left end of the first rotating shaft in a bevel gear transmission mode;
the front end of the second rotating shaft is connected with pick shafts of the three picks through a gear assembly and drives the three picks to synchronously rotate.
9. The collecting device for the collapsible sea sand extraction according to claim 8, wherein the collecting head is internally provided with a cavity, the gear assembly comprises a first straight gear, a double gear and three second straight gears, the double gear is an integrated structure formed by connecting a large toothed ring and a small toothed ring through a connecting sleeve, and the double gear is rotatably arranged at the joint of the collecting head and the longitudinal pipe body;
the first straight gears are arranged at the front end of the first rotating shaft, meshed with the small toothed ring, and the three second straight gears are uniformly arranged on the circumference taking the axis of the longitudinal pipe body as the center of a circle and meshed with the large toothed ring, and the gear shafts of the second straight gears are in running fit with the acquisition head;
the pick shafts of the three picks are movably connected with the gear shafts of the three second spur gears through the cross universal couplings respectively, and when the double-gear type cutting pick is in operation, the first spur gears drive the second spur gears to rotate through the double-gear type gears, and the second spur gears drive the picks to rotate through the cross universal couplings.
10. A method for collecting collapsed sea sand extraction, characterized in that the collecting device for collecting collapsed sea sand extraction according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is adopted, and the collecting method comprises the following steps:
s1, enabling an operation mother ship to reach the water surface above an operation area, starting a first motor, driving a T-shaped outer tube to rotate downwards around the axis of a transverse tube body by the first motor through a worm and gear mechanism, and enabling a collection head to move downwards to reach the upper surface of upper sea sand;
s2, starting the sand breaking tunneling device, enabling the collecting head to enter the upper layer sea sand in a jet tunneling or mechanical tunneling mode, enabling the T-shaped outer tube to continuously rotate downwards under the action of the driving device, and enabling the operation mother ship to be matched with the angle adjustment position of the T-shaped outer tube;
the collecting head moves downwards to pass through the upper sea sand to reach the bottom of the lower sea sand, and when the included angle between the longitudinal pipe body of the T-shaped outer pipe and the horizontal direction is equal to the collapse angle theta, the T-shaped outer pipe stops moving, and the operation mother ship anchors to fix the hull;
s3, the three expansion jet heads spray high-pressure water outwards to impact the lower layer sea sand around the collecting heads to loosen the sea sand, meanwhile, the suction pump starts to work, the lower layer sea sand around the collecting heads enters the sand pumping inner pipe through the suction port, and the lower layer sea sand of the sand pumping inner pipe is pumped to the operation mother ship;
after the lower layer sea sand around the collecting head is pumped away, a cavity is formed in front of the collecting head and is continuously enlarged, the upper layer sea sand above the cavity forms a funnel-shaped collapse under the action of gravity, and the lower layer sea sand collapsed around the collecting port is continuously pumped away;
s4, when the upper layer sea sand above the T-shaped outer tube does not collapse according to preset conditions, the collapse jet nozzle is promoted to start to spray high-pressure water outwards, the upper layer sea sand on the periphery of the longitudinal tube body is impacted, the upper layer sea sand is promoted to collapse to the periphery of the collecting head, and the upper layer sea sand is pumped to the operation mother ship by the sand pumping inner tube;
s5, in the extraction process, when workers observe that the upper sea sand appears in the sea sand extracted to the operation mother ship, determining that the lower sea sand in the operation area is completely collected, and stopping the suction pump;
the anchor is received to operation mother ship and is released fixedly, and first motor passes through worm gear mechanism drive T shape outer tube and upwards rotates, gathers the head and deviate from and get back to initial condition from sea sand, and operation mother ship removes the surface of water above the next operation area, carries out the sand operation of gathering according to S1 to S4' S mode of operation.
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