CN116765639B - High-precision five-axis laser processing machine tool - Google Patents
High-precision five-axis laser processing machine tool Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116765639B CN116765639B CN202311050221.5A CN202311050221A CN116765639B CN 116765639 B CN116765639 B CN 116765639B CN 202311050221 A CN202311050221 A CN 202311050221A CN 116765639 B CN116765639 B CN 116765639B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- axis
- movement mechanism
- heat
- linear motor
- machine tool
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004579 marble Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 10
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002928 artificial marble Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
- B23K26/382—Removing material by boring or cutting by boring
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/064—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
- B23K26/0823—Devices involving rotation of the workpiece
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
- B23K26/0869—Devices involving movement of the laser head in at least one axial direction
- B23K26/0876—Devices involving movement of the laser head in at least one axial direction in at least two axial directions
- B23K26/0884—Devices involving movement of the laser head in at least one axial direction in at least two axial directions in at least in three axial directions, e.g. manipulators, robots
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
Abstract
The invention provides a high-precision five-axis laser processing machine tool, which belongs to the field of laser processing machine tools and comprises: a bed body; the mechanical movement assembly comprises an X-axis movement mechanism, a Y-axis movement mechanism and a Z-axis movement mechanism, wherein the X-axis movement mechanism and the Y-axis movement mechanism are driven by a linear motor, and the Z-axis movement mechanism is driven by a rotary motor; the AC shaft turntable is arranged on the lathe bed and used for clamping the workpiece, the AC shaft turntable drives the workpiece to rotate around the C shaft, and the AC shaft turntable drives the workpiece to swing around the A shaft; the laser processing system comprises a laser, an optical path element and a focusing assembly, wherein the optical path element and the focusing assembly are arranged on the Z-axis movement mechanism, and the optical path element is respectively connected with the laser and the focusing assembly. The positioning precision of the invention can reach 0.005mm, and the aperture precision of the laser perforation can reach 0.01mm.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of laser processing machine tools, in particular to a high-precision five-axis laser processing machine tool.
Background
Aiming at the fields of titanium alloy, high-temperature alloy, high-strength steel and the like, a traditional machining mode is adopted, when a cutter is in contact with a workpiece for cutting machining, acting force exists between the cutter and the workpiece, so that the cutting tool and the workpiece generate trace elastic deformation, and the machining precision is affected. In order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to use a cutter with better performance, so that the processing cost increases. Particularly, the hole processing of special positions, such as the small hole processing of the engine combustion chamber, is difficult to realize by adopting a conventional processing mode, so that the hole processing is realized by adopting laser in the prior art.
The Chinese patent application with publication number of CN116079228A discloses a five-axis linkage laser processing device and a processing method thereof, and the processing of a workpiece is realized by combining laser processing, an artificial marble frame and a linear motor, but the processing mode has the following problems: the heat of the linear motor is mainly generated in the coil, but the coil belongs to a rotor, and the liquid cooling transition plate is arranged on the stator, so that the linear motor cannot be well radiated, and secondly, compared with natural marble, the artificial marble has good forming performance, but the structural stability is higher than that of the natural marble Dan Cha due to the fact that the artificial marble is bonded by adopting a high polymer material; and thirdly, the linear motor is vertically arranged, and mechanical parts creep under the action of gravity, so that the equipment precision is poor, and the artificial marble can improve the rigidity of a machine tool to a certain extent, but still is difficult to meet the requirement of high precision. The Chinese patent application with publication number of CN115365646A discloses a five-axis laser processing machine tool, which adopts two Y-axis mounting frames to improve the stability of the machine tool, but the machine tool does not radiate heat of a linear motor, and an X-axis movement mechanism, a Y-axis movement mechanism and a Z-axis movement mechanism all adopt linear motors, especially the heat generated by the linear motors of the X axis and the Z axis is large, so that the movement precision is greatly reduced, and the high-precision processing requirement cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-precision five-axis laser processing machine tool, which combines the heat transmission characteristics of a linear motor to carry out improved design on the driving modes of an X-axis movement mechanism, a Y-axis movement mechanism and a Z-axis movement mechanism and the structure of a machine tool supporting frame. The positioning precision of the high-precision five-axis laser processing machine tool provided by the invention can reach 0.005mm, and the aperture precision of laser perforation can reach 0.01mm.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A high precision five-axis laser machining tool comprising: a bed body; the mechanical movement assembly comprises an X-axis movement mechanism, a Y-axis movement mechanism and a Z-axis movement mechanism, wherein the X-axis movement mechanism and the Y-axis movement mechanism are driven by a linear motor, and the Z-axis movement mechanism is driven by a rotary motor; the AC shaft turntable is arranged on the lathe bed and used for clamping the workpiece, the AC shaft turntable drives the workpiece to rotate around the C shaft, and the AC shaft turntable drives the workpiece to swing around the A shaft; the laser processing system comprises a laser, an optical path element and a focusing assembly, wherein the optical path element and the focusing assembly are installed on the Z-axis movement mechanism, and the optical path element is respectively connected with the laser and the focusing assembly.
Further, the lathe bed comprises a base and Y-axis installation frames arranged on two sides, the AC-axis turntable is arranged on the base and located between the Y-axis installation frames, the Y-axis movement mechanism is arranged on the Y-axis installation frames, and the lathe bed is made of natural marble.
Further, the top surface of Y axle mounting bracket is provided with Y axle track and Y axle linear motor stator, Y axle motion includes Y axle linear motor active cell, Y axle slider and crossbeam, Y axle slider with Y axle linear motor active cell all is fixed in on the crossbeam, Y axle slider with Y axle track cooperation, Y axle linear motor stator with Y axle linear motor active cell cooperation.
Further, the top surface of the cross beam is provided with an X-axis track and an X-axis linear motor stator, the X-axis moving mechanism comprises an X-axis linear motor rotor, an X-axis sliding block and a fixed table, the X-axis linear motor rotor and the X-axis sliding block are fixedly arranged on the fixed table, the X-axis linear motor stator is matched with the X-axis linear motor rotor, and the X-axis sliding block is matched with the X-axis track.
Further, the fixed table further comprises a vertical installation part, wherein a Z-axis track, a rotating motor and a ball screw in transmission connection with the rotating motor are fixedly arranged on the vertical installation part; the Z-axis moving mechanism comprises a Z-axis sliding block, a threaded transmission piece and a Z-axis installation table, wherein the threaded transmission piece and the Z-axis sliding block are fixedly installed on the Z-axis installation table, the ball screw is in transmission connection with the threaded transmission piece, and the Z-axis track is matched with the Z-axis sliding block.
Further, the Z-axis mounting table is fixedly connected with an optical path element and a focusing assembly.
Further, the crossbeam includes the column roof beam and sets up in the Y axle slip table of column roof beam both ends lower part, Y axle linear motor active cell and Y axle slider set up in the bottom surface of Y axle slip table, the upper surface of Y axle slip table with column roof beam fixed connection.
Further, the columnar beam is made of natural marble.
Further, a heat conduction system is also included, the heat conduction system includes: the first heat conduction piece is arranged in the columnar beam and is in contact with the X-axis track; the second heat conduction piece is used for separating the Y-axis sliding table from the columnar beam, and a nano heat conduction material is arranged on the contact surface of the second heat conduction piece, the Y-axis sliding table and the columnar beam; the heat conduction connecting piece is used for connecting the first heat conduction piece and the second heat conduction piece; the third heat conduction piece is arranged in the Y-axis installation frame and is in contact with the Y-axis track, and the heat conduction piece is connected with the heat dissipation device.
Further, the first heat conductive member and the third heat conductive member include: the heat conductor is made of high-heat-conductivity metal; the contact body comprises a plurality of contact bodies which are axially distributed along the first heat conduction piece, the contact body comprises a connecting surface and a contact surface, and needle-shaped bulges are arranged on the contact surface; an elastic connection part which connects the connection surfaces of the heat conductor and the contact body; before the X-axis track and the Y-axis track are installed, when the first heat conducting piece or the third heat conducting piece is installed, the contact surface of the contact body is higher than the surface of the natural marble, and the protruding height of the contact body is greater than 2/3 of the thickness of the contact body.
Compared with the prior art, the high-precision five-axis processing machine tool provided by the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the X-axis motion mechanism and the Y-axis motion mechanism are driven by the linear motor, so that the precision and the efficiency of the X-axis motion and the Y-axis motion are improved. Because the integration level of the X-axis movement mechanism and the Z-axis movement mechanism is higher, if the X-axis movement mechanism and the Z-axis movement mechanism are driven by a linear motor, the released heat is more, the control difficulty is high, and the Z-axis movement mechanism is driven by a rotary motor in order to reduce the generated heat. Considering the setting of follow-up heat radiation structure, can not set up X axle motion as the rotating electrical machines, X axle motion is compared in Z axle motion and is realized heat radiation structure's succinct more, can adopt rigid heat conduction spare lug connection, reduces the risk in the lathe operation process. The positioning precision of the high-precision five-axis processing machine tool provided by the invention can reach 0.005mm, and the aperture precision of laser perforation can reach 0.01mm.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a five-axis laser processing machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein W10 is an opening width, and W2 is a machine body width;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of another perspective view of the five-axis laser processing machine tool according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure of FIG. 3;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat conduction system of a single track according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat conduction system of two rails according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of a first heat conducting member mounting structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: 1. a bed body; 10. a base; 11. a Y-axis mounting rack; 12. opening holes; 13. a Y-axis track; 14. a Y-axis linear motor stator; 15. an X-axis track; 16. an X-axis linear motor stator; 2. an X-axis movement mechanism; 20. an X-axis linear motor rotor; 21. an X-axis sliding block; 22. a fixed table; 220. a vertical mounting portion; 221. a Z-axis track; 222. a rotating electric machine; 223. a ball screw; 40. a Z-axis mounting table; 3. a Y-axis movement mechanism; 30. a Y-axis linear motor rotor; 31. a Y-axis slider; 32. a cross beam; 320. a columnar beam; 321. a Y-axis sliding table; 4. a Z-axis motion mechanism; 5. an AC axis turntable; 60. an optical path element; 61. a focusing assembly; 70. a first heat conductive member; 700. a heat conductor; 701. a contact body; 7010. a connection surface; 7011. a contact surface; 702. an elastic connection part; 71. a second heat conductive member; 72. and a heat conducting connecting piece.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in connection with the embodiments, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a high-precision five-axis laser processing machine tool, as shown in figure 1, comprising: the machine tool comprises a machine body 1 and a mechanical movement assembly, wherein the mechanical movement assembly comprises an X-axis movement mechanism 2, a Y-axis movement mechanism 3 and a Z-axis movement mechanism 4, the X-axis movement mechanism 2 and the Y-axis movement mechanism 3 are driven by a linear motor, and the Z-axis movement mechanism 4 is driven by a rotary motor; the AC shaft turntable 5 is arranged on the lathe bed 1 and used for clamping a workpiece, the AC shaft turntable 5 drives the workpiece to rotate around a C shaft, and the AC shaft turntable 5 drives the workpiece to swing around an A shaft; a laser machining system comprising a laser, an optical path element 60 and a focusing assembly 61, the optical path element 60 being connected to the laser and the focusing assembly 61, respectively.
According to the invention, the X-axis motion mechanism 2 and the Y-axis motion mechanism 3 are driven by adopting the linear motor, so that the precision and the efficiency of the X-axis motion and the Y-axis motion are improved, and secondly, as the integration level of the X-axis motion mechanism 2 and the Z-axis motion mechanism 4 is higher, if both the X-axis motion mechanism 2 and the Z-axis motion mechanism 4 are driven by adopting the linear motor, more heat is released, the control difficulty is high, and in order to reduce the generated heat, the Z-axis motion mechanism 4 is driven by adopting the rotary motor; the X-axis movement mechanism 2 cannot be set as a rotating motor, and because the setting of a subsequent heat dissipation structure needs to be considered, the X-axis movement mechanism 2 can achieve simplification of the heat dissipation structure compared with the Z-axis movement mechanism 4, and can be directly connected by adopting a rigid heat conduction member, so that the risk in the running process of the machine tool is reduced. The positioning precision of the high-precision five-axis processing machine tool provided by the invention can reach 0.005mm; the aperture precision of the laser perforation can reach 0.01mm.
In the field of five-axis laser processing machine tools, the A axis rotates around the X axis, the C axis rotates around the Z axis, and the X axis, the Y axis, the Z axis, the A axis and the C axis jointly form the five axes of the processing machine tool as can be seen from figure 1.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the bed 1 includes a base 10 and Y-axis mounting frames 11 disposed on two sides, the AC-axis turntable 5 is disposed on the base 10 and between the two Y-axis mounting frames 11, the Y-axis movement mechanism 3 is disposed on the Y-axis mounting frames 11, and the bed 1 is made of natural marble.
The base 10 and the Y-axis mounting frames 11 on the two sides are preferably manufactured by integral molding, namely, are manufactured by cutting and polishing large natural marble, and the rigidity of the lathe bed 1 can be improved by the mode; in order to make the Y-axis mounting frame 11 have a certain strength to meet the technical index provided by the present invention and reduce the weight as much as possible, as shown in fig. 1, two openings 12 are respectively formed on two Y-axis mounting frames 11, the two openings 12 are preferably rectangular and have identical shapes and sizes, the sum of the widths W10 of the two openings is not more than half of the width W2 of the machine body, and the heights of the two openings 12 are not more than 4/5 of the height of the machine body 1.
As shown in fig. 2, the top surface of the Y-axis mounting frame 11 is provided with a Y-axis track 13 and a Y-axis linear motor stator 14, the Y-axis moving mechanism 3 includes a Y-axis linear motor mover 30, a Y-axis slider 31 and a cross beam 32, the Y-axis slider 31 and the Y-axis linear motor mover 30 are both fixed on the cross beam 32, the Y-axis slider 31 cooperates with the Y-axis track 13, and the Y-axis linear motor stator 14 cooperates with the Y-axis linear motor mover 30. The crossbeam 32 adopts natural marble to make, moves through Y axle linear motor rotor 30 drive crossbeam 32, through setting up Y axle track 13 in the top surface of Y axle mounting bracket 11 can improve the stability in the crossbeam 32 motion process, compared with prior art, has avoided exerting effort to the track side direction and has made the track produce deformation easily. The Y-axis sliding block 31 is matched with the Y-axis track 13, and the Y-axis sliding block 31 can relatively slide on the Y-axis track 13.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the top surface of the beam 32 is provided with an X-axis track 15 and an X-axis linear motor stator 16, the X-axis moving mechanism 2 includes an X-axis linear motor mover 20, an X-axis slider 21 and a fixed table 22, the X-axis linear motor mover 20 and the X-axis slider 21 are fixedly disposed on the fixed table 22, the X-axis linear motor stator 16 is matched with the X-axis linear motor mover 20, and the X-axis slider 21 is matched with the X-axis track 15. The X-axis rail 15 and the X-axis linear motor stator 16 are provided on the top surface of the cross beam 32, and similarly to the Y-axis movement mechanism 3, gravity of the movement mechanism is applied to the cross beam 32. In the prior art, the X-axis, Y-axis or Z-axis tracks are all fastened at preset positions through bolts, and the bolts apply acting force perpendicular to the top surfaces of the tracks. The track in the prior art is easy to generate peristaltic deformation, and the machining precision of the machine tool is affected.
As shown in fig. 2, the fixed table 22 includes a vertical mounting portion 220, and a Z-axis track 221, a rotating motor 222, and a ball screw 223 in driving connection with the rotating motor 222 are fixedly disposed on the vertical mounting portion 220; the Z-axis moving mechanism 4 includes a Z-axis slider, a threaded transmission member (not shown in the figure) and a Z-axis mounting table 40, where the threaded transmission member and the Z-axis slider are fixedly mounted on the Z-axis mounting table 40, the ball screw 223 is in transmission connection with the threaded transmission member, and the Z-axis track 221 is matched with the Z-axis slider. When the rotary motor 222 drives the ball screw 223 to rotate, the Z-axis mounting table 40 moves axially along the Z-axis rail 221 due to the cooperation of the Z-axis mounting table 40 fixedly connected with the screw transmission member and the Z-axis rail 221.
The optical path element 60 and the focusing assembly 61 are fixedly connected to the Z-axis mounting table 40. The focusing assembly 61 includes a galvanometer and a field lens. The optical path element 60, the galvanometer and the field lens are all installed on the Z-axis mounting table 40, and can move synchronously along with the Z-axis mounting table 40, and the optical path element 60 is connected with a laser (not shown in the figure) and the galvanometer respectively. Specifically, the laser beam generated by the laser is focused on the target processing area through the light path element 60, the galvanometer and the field lens, so as to realize the laser processing function. The X-axis movement mechanism 2, the Y-axis movement mechanism 3, the Z-axis movement mechanism 4 and the AC-axis turntable 5 are arranged to respectively carry out linkage movement control on a laser processing system and a processed workpiece, so that laser processing forming of a complex-profile difficult-to-process cutter is realized, the processing efficiency and the processing precision are effectively improved, and the processing quality is improved.
As is known, the heat productivity of the linear motor is large, the mover of the linear motor is a high heat-producing component, if the heat produced by the mover of the linear motor cannot be released, the machining precision of a machine tool can be greatly reduced, and particularly, for small hole machining, larger deviation can occur; secondly, the hardness of the natural marble is high, the difficulty in the cutting process is high, and the hardness at different positions is slightly different, so that the surface roughness of the marble is still poor after cutting and polishing; again, the rails are typically metallic, and even if the rails are fixed to natural marble by bolts, there will be air gaps between the two, affecting heat conduction; finally, the reasonable arrangement of the cooling device is involved in the whole operation process of the machine tool, and the Z-axis movement mechanism 4 is driven by adopting the rotating motor, so that the heating value is small, the cooling mechanism is omitted, and the high-efficiency operation of the whole machine tool is facilitated.
Specifically, the cross beam 32 of the present invention includes a column beam 320 and Y-axis sliding tables 321 disposed at the lower parts of two ends of the column beam 320, the Y-axis linear motor mover 30 and the Y-axis sliding blocks 31 are disposed at the bottom surface of the Y-axis sliding tables 321, and the upper surface of the Y-axis sliding tables 321 is fixedly connected with the column beam 320. The beam 32 adopts a split structure to realize the subsequent arrangement of the heat conduction system. The Y-axis sliding table 321 is preferably made of a metal material with good thermal conductivity and certain rigidity, such as stainless steel.
The bed 1 and the columnar beam 320 in the invention are made of natural marble, compared with the existing mineral casting materials or artificial marble, on one hand, the heat conducting performance can be improved, and on the other hand, the rigidity of the machine tool structure can be increased, but the natural marble has some defects, namely, the processing difficulty is high, the surface roughness is high, and the surface flatness is still poor even after polishing. Secondly, even though natural marble has good rigidity, the linear motor has high temperature rise, so that the deformation difference between the rail and the natural marble is large, and the machining performance of the machine tool is still deteriorated.
For the above reasons, the high-precision five-axis laser processing machine tool provided by the present invention further includes a heat conduction system, as shown in fig. 1, 3, 5 and 6, including: a first heat conductive member 70, the first heat conductive member 70 being disposed in the columnar beam 320 and contacting the X-axis rail 15; a second heat conducting member 71 for separating the Y-axis sliding table 321 from the columnar beam 320, the contact surfaces of the second heat conducting member 71 with the Y-axis sliding table 321 and the columnar beam 320 being provided with a nano heat conducting material; a heat conductive connecting member 72, the heat conductive connecting member 72 being for connecting the first heat conductive member 70 and the second heat conductive member 71; and the third heat conduction piece is arranged in the Y-axis mounting frame 11 and is in contact with the Y-axis track 13, and the heat conduction piece is connected with the heat dissipation device. The third heat conducting member has the same structure as the first heat conducting member 70, and the difference is that the end of the third heat conducting member is connected with a heat dissipating device, and the heat dissipating device may be a heat dissipating fin or a heat dissipating pipe through which a cooling medium is passed to cool the third heat conducting member, and the connection modes of the first heat conducting member 70 and the second heat conducting member 71 with the heat conducting connecting member 72 and the connection mode of the third heat conducting member with the heat dissipating device are preferably welding.
It should be noted that the first heat conductive member 70, the second heat conductive member 71, the heat conductive connecting member 72 and the third heat conductive member are made of materials having excellent heat dissipation properties, and the heat conductivity is not less than 200W/mk, preferably copper is used for the above-mentioned members; the thickness of the copper plate is preferably 2-4mm.
It should be noted that the X-axis track 15 and the Y-axis track 13 may be a single track or may have two tracks as shown in the present figures.
The principle of the heat conduction structure is as follows: the heat generated by the X-axis linear motor rotor 20 is transferred to the fixed table 22, the fixed table 22 transfers the heat to the X-axis track 15 through the X-axis sliding block 21, the first heat conducting piece 70 is contacted with the X-axis track 15, the heat is conducted out through the first heat conducting piece 70, the heat is converged to the second heat conducting piece 71 through the heat conducting connecting piece 72, the Y-axis linear motor rotor 30 is further arranged at the lower part of the Y-axis sliding table 321, the heat generated by the X-axis linear motor rotor 20 and the Y-axis linear motor rotor 30 is converged through the second heat conducting piece 71, the heat is transferred to the Y-axis track 13 through the Y-axis sliding block 31, and the third heat conducting piece is contacted with the Y-axis track 13, so that the heat is transferred to the third heat conducting piece, and the third heat conducting piece releases the heat through the heat radiating device, so that the problems of deformation and reduction of the machining precision of the machine tool due to the fact that more heat is generated by the linear motor rotor are solved, on the one hand, on the other hand, the simplification of a heat conducting system can be realized, the first heat conducting piece 70, the second heat conducting piece 71 and the heat conducting connecting piece 72 are all in a metal rigid connection, and the operation of the machine tool is not affected; the structure is matched with the Z-axis movement mechanism 4 to be driven by a rotating motor, so that the positioning precision and the processing precision of the invention are greatly improved.
It should be noted that the materials of the pure heat conducting members in the heat transfer path, such as the first heat conducting member 70, the second heat conducting member 71, the heat conducting connecting member 72 and the third heat conducting member, are selected based on excellent heat conductivity, and the strength of the materials is not used as a design index, preferably copper; while other components in the heat transfer path need to meet both thermal conductivity and strength requirements, carbon steel or alloy steel materials are preferred.
The first heat conducting member 70 and the third heat conducting member have the same structure, and the first heat conducting member 70 is described as an example, and as shown in fig. 7, the first heat conducting member 70 includes: a heat conductor 700, wherein the heat conductor 700 is made of high heat conduction metal, preferably copper; a plurality of contact bodies 701, wherein the contact bodies 701 are distributed along the axial direction of the first heat conducting member 70, the contact bodies 701 comprise a connecting surface 7010 and a contact surface 7011, and needle-shaped protrusions are arranged on the contact surface 7011; an elastic connection portion 702, wherein the elastic connection portion 702 connects the heat conductor 700 and a connection surface 7010 of the contact body 701; before the installation of the X-axis track 15 and the Y-axis track 13, when the first heat conducting member 70 or the third heat conducting member is installed, the contact surface 7011 of the contact body 701 is higher than the surface of the natural marble, and the protruding height of the contact body 701 is greater than 2/3 of the thickness of the contact body 701, so that on one hand, the installation of the first heat conducting member 70 is facilitated, and on the other hand, the elastic connection portion 702 can generate enough elastic force, so that the contact body 701 is well connected with the X-axis track 15.
It should be noted that the heat conductor 700, the contact body 701 and the elastic connection portion 702 are preferably integrally formed from the same material, and the first heat conducting member 70 with an integral structure is manufactured by extrusion molding in the present invention. Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, the columnar beam 320 is provided with a groove along the axial direction of the X-axis track 15, the first heat conducting member 70 is disposed in the groove, and the elastic connection portion 702 in the present invention is a copper sheet extending along the axis of the first heat conducting member 70 and having an inward recess, and pressure is applied to the contact body 701 by the copper sheet.
Because the X-axis track 15 is long straight rod-shaped, in order to prevent gaps from being generated between the axial direction of the X-axis track 15 and the columnar beam 320, the contact body 701 is axially arranged along the first heat conducting member 70 in a plurality of ways to meet the requirements of different gaps, and then needle-shaped protrusions are arranged on the contact surface 7011, and an oil film is broken through the needle-shaped protrusions, so that the first heat conducting member 70 and the X-axis track 15 are well connected, heat is conveniently transmitted, and in order to prevent the needle-shaped mechanism from reducing the heat conducting area, a nano heat conducting material is smeared on the contact surface 7011 before the first heat conducting member 70 is installed.
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 7, two first heat conducting members 70 are used for the single X-axis track 15 to transfer heat from the X-axis track 15, one first heat conducting member 70 may be used to conduct heat from the X-axis track 15 based on practical situations, and a third heat conducting member corresponding to the similar Y-axis track 13 may also be arranged in a similar manner to the first heat conducting member 70.
Preferably, the nano heat-conducting material is heat-dissipating silica gel or graphite emulsion.
Claims (7)
1. A high precision five-axis laser processing machine tool, comprising:
the machine tool comprises a machine tool body, a machine tool body and a machine tool body, wherein the machine tool body comprises a base and Y-axis installation frames arranged on two sides;
the mechanical movement assembly comprises an X-axis movement mechanism, a Y-axis movement mechanism and a Z-axis movement mechanism, wherein the X-axis movement mechanism and the Y-axis movement mechanism are driven by a linear motor, and the Z-axis movement mechanism is driven by a rotary motor;
the AC shaft turntable is arranged on the lathe bed and used for clamping the workpiece, the AC shaft turntable drives the workpiece to rotate around the C shaft, and the AC shaft turntable drives the workpiece to swing around the A shaft;
the laser processing system comprises a laser, an optical path element and a focusing assembly, wherein the optical path element and the focusing assembly are arranged on the Z-axis movement mechanism, and the optical path element is respectively connected with the laser and the focusing assembly;
the top surface of the Y-axis mounting frame is provided with a Y-axis track and a Y-axis linear motor stator, the Y-axis movement mechanism comprises a Y-axis linear motor rotor, a Y-axis sliding block and a cross beam, the Y-axis sliding block and the Y-axis linear motor rotor are both fixed on the cross beam, the Y-axis sliding block is matched with the Y-axis track, the Y-axis linear motor stator is matched with the Y-axis linear motor rotor, and the cross beam comprises a columnar beam and Y-axis sliding tables arranged at the lower parts of two ends of the columnar beam;
the X-axis linear motor rotor and the X-axis sliding block are fixedly arranged on the fixed table, the X-axis linear motor stator is matched with the X-axis linear motor rotor, and the X-axis sliding block is matched with the X-axis track;
also included is a thermally conductive system, the thermally conductive system comprising:
the first heat conduction piece is arranged in the columnar beam and is in contact with the X-axis track;
the second heat conduction piece is used for separating the Y-axis sliding table from the columnar beam, and a nano heat conduction material is arranged on the contact surface of the second heat conduction piece, the Y-axis sliding table and the columnar beam;
the heat conduction connecting piece is used for connecting the first heat conduction piece and the second heat conduction piece;
the third heat conduction piece is arranged in the Y-axis installation frame and is in contact with the Y-axis track, and the third heat conduction piece is connected with the heat dissipation device.
2. The high-precision five-axis laser processing machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the AC-axis turntable is arranged on the base and between the two Y-axis installation frames, the Y-axis movement mechanism is arranged on the Y-axis installation frames, and the lathe bed is made of natural marble.
3. The high-precision five-axis laser processing machine tool according to claim 2, wherein the fixed table further comprises a vertical mounting part, and a Z-axis track, a rotating motor and a ball screw in transmission connection with the rotating motor are fixedly arranged on the vertical mounting part; the Z-axis moving mechanism comprises a Z-axis sliding block, a threaded transmission piece and a Z-axis installation table, wherein the threaded transmission piece and the Z-axis sliding block are fixedly installed on the Z-axis installation table, the ball screw is in transmission connection with the threaded transmission piece, and the Z-axis track is matched with the Z-axis sliding block.
4. A high precision five-axis laser processing machine as described in claim 3, wherein the Z-axis mounting table is fixedly connected with an optical path element and a focusing assembly.
5. The high-precision five-axis laser processing machine tool of claim 4, wherein the Y-axis linear motor rotor and the Y-axis sliding block are arranged on the bottom surface of the Y-axis sliding table, and the upper surface of the Y-axis sliding table is fixedly connected with the columnar beam.
6. The high precision five-axis laser processing machine of claim 5, wherein the columnar beam is made of natural marble.
7. The high precision five-axis laser processing machine of claim 6, wherein the first and third thermally conductive members comprise:
the heat conductor is made of high-heat-conductivity metal;
the contact body comprises a plurality of contact bodies which are axially distributed along the first heat conduction piece, the contact body comprises a connecting surface and a contact surface, and needle-shaped bulges are arranged on the contact surface;
an elastic connection part which connects the connection surfaces of the heat conductor and the contact body; before the X-axis track and the Y-axis track are installed, when the first heat conducting piece or the third heat conducting piece is installed, the contact surface of the contact body is higher than the surface of the natural marble, and the protruding height of the contact body is greater than 2/3 of the thickness of the contact body.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311050221.5A CN116765639B (en) | 2023-08-21 | 2023-08-21 | High-precision five-axis laser processing machine tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311050221.5A CN116765639B (en) | 2023-08-21 | 2023-08-21 | High-precision five-axis laser processing machine tool |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116765639A CN116765639A (en) | 2023-09-19 |
| CN116765639B true CN116765639B (en) | 2023-11-14 |
Family
ID=88008437
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311050221.5A Active CN116765639B (en) | 2023-08-21 | 2023-08-21 | High-precision five-axis laser processing machine tool |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116765639B (en) |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013132706A (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2013-07-08 | Jtekt Corp | Dynamic characteristic calculation device for machine tool |
| CN205734162U (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2016-11-30 | 常州阿奇夏米尔机床有限公司 | A kind of machining center thermostat |
| CN205880794U (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2017-01-11 | 周奋豪 | Installation fixing device and dedicated CPU radiator of computer CPU radiator |
| DE102018104960A1 (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2018-09-13 | Jtekt Corporation | SWING MACHINE |
| CN215468929U (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2022-01-11 | 苏州珏诺精密机械有限公司 | Switching piece cutting machine capable of rapidly dissipating heat |
| CN215529705U (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2022-01-14 | 珠海锐翔智能科技有限公司 | Machine tool heat insulation structure for AVI inspection machine |
| CN115365646A (en) * | 2022-09-13 | 2022-11-22 | 深圳市杰普特光电股份有限公司 | Five laser beam machining machines |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1477267A3 (en) * | 2003-05-14 | 2004-12-22 | Toyoda Koki Kabushiki Kaisha | Linear motor operated machine tool |
-
2023
- 2023-08-21 CN CN202311050221.5A patent/CN116765639B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013132706A (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2013-07-08 | Jtekt Corp | Dynamic characteristic calculation device for machine tool |
| CN205880794U (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2017-01-11 | 周奋豪 | Installation fixing device and dedicated CPU radiator of computer CPU radiator |
| CN205734162U (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2016-11-30 | 常州阿奇夏米尔机床有限公司 | A kind of machining center thermostat |
| DE102018104960A1 (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2018-09-13 | Jtekt Corporation | SWING MACHINE |
| CN215529705U (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2022-01-14 | 珠海锐翔智能科技有限公司 | Machine tool heat insulation structure for AVI inspection machine |
| CN215468929U (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2022-01-11 | 苏州珏诺精密机械有限公司 | Switching piece cutting machine capable of rapidly dissipating heat |
| CN115365646A (en) * | 2022-09-13 | 2022-11-22 | 深圳市杰普特光电股份有限公司 | Five laser beam machining machines |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 王爱玲 等.现代数控机床伺服及检测技术 第4版.国防工业出版社,2016,271-272. * |
| 翟庆志.电机与新能源发电技术.中国农业大学出版社,2011,79-80. * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN116765639A (en) | 2023-09-19 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN107738115B (en) | Machining device for forming heat dissipation teeth and forming method thereof | |
| CN116765639B (en) | High-precision five-axis laser processing machine tool | |
| JP2011036902A (en) | Die and method of manufacturing die | |
| CN215468929U (en) | Switching piece cutting machine capable of rapidly dissipating heat | |
| CN202679153U (en) | Heat pipe radiator used for linear motor | |
| CN108067639B (en) | Lathe | |
| CN117040179B (en) | High-speed linear module with single-station steering structure | |
| US6731026B1 (en) | Electric discharge machining apparatus linear motor drive | |
| CN213257682U (en) | Heat pipe laser welding equipment | |
| CN211708394U (en) | Laser cutting device and laser cutting machine | |
| CN109640581A (en) | A kind of air cold plate and its processing method of embedded heat pipes | |
| CN115365646A (en) | Five laser beam machining machines | |
| CN213532488U (en) | Multi-angle adjusting liquid cooling plate workbench | |
| CN109333332B (en) | Diamond clamping equipment with cooling device | |
| CN209527039U (en) | It is a kind of using air-cooled heat pipe cold plate | |
| CN109149901B (en) | Linear shaft direct-drive structure convenient for heat dissipation | |
| CN214350287U (en) | X-direction precision sliding table and laser engraving machine | |
| CN111618766A (en) | Fixing jig for radiating fin | |
| LU500818B1 (en) | Cluster Micro Heat Pipe Forced Cooling Electric Discharge Machining Device and Machining Method Thereof | |
| CN217935373U (en) | Linear motor based on straight plate-shaped vapor chamber | |
| CN220637178U (en) | Movable splash guard of machine tool | |
| CN219254984U (en) | Constant temperature cooling structure for machine tool guide rail | |
| CN217913945U (en) | Horizontal numerical control equipment processing device and horizontal numerical control machine tool | |
| CN219684273U (en) | Cutting machine for copper-clad ceramic substrate | |
| CN210254604U (en) | Hot-pressing mechanism |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |