CN116752102A - Novel numerical control precision cutter and processing method thereof - Google Patents
Novel numerical control precision cutter and processing method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116752102A CN116752102A CN202310646680.3A CN202310646680A CN116752102A CN 116752102 A CN116752102 A CN 116752102A CN 202310646680 A CN202310646680 A CN 202310646680A CN 116752102 A CN116752102 A CN 116752102A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cutter
- numerical control
- sand blasting
- control precision
- tool
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000007733 ion plating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I triphosphate(5-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005270 abrasive blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001364 causal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010037 TiAlN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000254 damaging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004439 roughness measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/24—Vacuum evaporation
- C23C14/32—Vacuum evaporation by explosion; by evaporation and subsequent ionisation of the vapours, e.g. ion-plating
- C23C14/325—Electric arc evaporation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
- B24C1/02—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for sharpening or cleaning cutting tools, e.g. files
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C11/00—Selection of abrasive materials or additives for abrasive blasts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C14/021—Cleaning or etching treatments
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C14/028—Physical treatment to alter the texture of the substrate surface, e.g. grinding, polishing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/0641—Nitrides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/58—After-treatment
- C23C14/5886—Mechanical treatment
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Drilling Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a novel numerical control precision cutter and a processing method thereof, wherein the method comprises the following steps: ultrasonic cleaning is carried out on the numerical control precision cutter after sharpening based on a cleaning agent containing acetone and tripolyphosphate; clamping the numerical control precision cutter subjected to ultrasonic cleaning on a fixture clamp in sand blasting equipment, and passivating the numerical control precision cutter subjected to ultrasonic cleaning based on elastic abrasive sand blasting; ultrasonic cleaning is carried out on the numerical control precision cutter after passivation treatment is completed, and then arc ion plating coating is carried out; and clamping the cutter with the electric arc ion plating coating to a fixture in the sand blasting equipment, spraying the cutter with the electric arc ion plating coating based on elastic abrasive sand blasting, and then cleaning to obtain the target cutter. The application can solve the technical problems of short service life of the cutter and high cost of cutter generation in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical cutter processing field, in particular to a novel numerical control precision cutter and a processing method thereof.
Background
So far, hard coated tools have been developed for over 50 years, and almost all numerically controlled precision tools are coated in production. In addition, numerous prior studies have shown that post-treatment of coated tools plays a critical role in eliminating defects left during coating and improving the physical properties of the coating. Currently, common post-treatment methods mainly comprise magnetic grinding finish machining, micro-blasting, shot blasting, dragging finish machining and the like. It is now widely believed that appropriate post-treatments can effectively alter the surface integrity and tribological properties of the cutting tool and result in an extended life of the tool.
One of the existing post-treatment methods is to use 600-1000 mesh Al 2 O 3 The abrasive carries out micro-sand blasting on the arc ion plating coating to remove oxide on the surface of the coating, reduce large particles on the surface of the coating, reduce the friction coefficient of the coating and enable the surface to be smoother; secondly, the ZrO is pushed by high-pressure gas 2 Or Al 2 O 3 The mixture of abrasive particles and water impacts the surface of the cutter, so that the Vickers hardness, fracture toughness and residual compressive stress of the surface of the cutter can be improved, surface microcracks are inhibited or eliminated, and the service life of the cutter is prolonged.
In practical application, the method has the problems that performance optimization cannot be considered, the process technology is difficult to control accurately, the service life of the sand blasting abrasive particles is shortened suddenly due to the fact that the sand blasting abrasive particles are thinned along with the processing time length, and therefore the production cost of the cutter is high, and the service life of the cutter cannot be controlled and predicted accurately.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the foregoing, it is necessary to provide a novel numerical control precision tool and a processing method thereof, which are used for solving the technical problems of short service life of the tool and high cost of tool generation in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides a novel numerical control precision cutter processing method, comprising:
ultrasonic cleaning is carried out on the numerical control precision cutter after sharpening based on a cleaning agent containing acetone and tripolyphosphate;
clamping the numerical control precision cutter subjected to ultrasonic cleaning on a fixture clamp in sand blasting equipment, and passivating the numerical control precision cutter subjected to ultrasonic cleaning based on elastic abrasive sand blasting;
ultrasonic cleaning is carried out on the numerical control precision cutter after passivation treatment is completed, and then arc ion plating coating is carried out;
and clamping the cutter with the electric arc ion plating coating to a fixture in the sand blasting equipment, spraying the cutter with the electric arc ion plating coating based on elastic abrasive sand blasting, and then cleaning to obtain the target cutter.
Further, the ultrasonic cleaning of the numerical control precision cutter after sharpening based on the cleaning agent containing acetone and tripolyphosphate comprises the following steps:
and (3) carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the numerical control precision cutter after sharpening for at least 20 minutes based on a cleaning agent containing acetone and tripolyphosphate.
Further, the passivation treatment for the numerical control precision cutter after ultrasonic cleaning based on elastic abrasive sand blasting comprises the following steps:
setting the sand blasting distance between a spray gun of a tool clamp in the sand blasting equipment and the cutting edge of the cutter to be 80-100 mm, setting the included angle between the spray gun and the horizontal direction to be 40-50 degrees, setting the sand blasting pressure of the sand blasting equipment to be 300-350 kPa, and spraying the cleaned cutter for 60-180 s based on elastic abrasive sand blasting so as to perform passivation treatment.
Further, after the numerical control precision cutter subjected to passivation treatment is subjected to ultrasonic cleaning, arc ion plating coating is carried out, and the method comprises the following steps:
and (3) carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the numerical control precise cutter subjected to passivation treatment for at least 10 minutes, and then plating a hard metal film containing three elements with different proportions of Ti, al and N.
Further, after ultrasonic cleaning is performed on the numerical control precision cutter subjected to passivation treatment for at least 10 minutes, a hard metal film containing three different proportioning elements of Ti, al and N is coated, and the method comprises the following steps:
and after carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the numerical control precision cutter after finishing passivation treatment for at least 10 minutes, heating, etching and plating a hard metal film containing three different proportioning elements of Ti, al and N on the numerical control precision cutter after finishing passivation treatment based on Balzer coating equipment.
Further, the step of clamping the tool with the electric arc ion plating coating to the fixture in the sand blasting equipment, and based on elastic abrasive sand blasting, cleaning the tool with the electric arc ion plating coating after spraying, so as to obtain a target tool, comprising the following steps:
and clamping the cutter with the electric arc ion plating coating to a fixture in the sand blasting equipment, setting the sand blasting pressure of the sand blasting equipment to 220-300 kPa, spraying the cutter with the electric arc ion plating coating for 30-120 s based on elastic abrasive sand blasting, and then cleaning to obtain the target cutter.
Further, the raw materials of the elastic abrasive sand blasting are formed by riveting internal silicon carbide, silicon rubber, polyurethane and diamond micro powder on the surface.
Further, the novel numerical control precision cutter processing method further comprises the following steps:
controlling the target cutter to perform a metal cutting experiment, and acquiring wear data of the rear cutter surface of the cutter at different stages;
and performing curve fitting on the abrasion data to construct a cutter life prediction model.
Further, the novel numerical control precision cutter processing method further comprises the following steps:
and acquiring roughness data, nano indentation experimental data and nano scratch experimental data corresponding to the target cutter, and coating hardness and elastic modulus change data, and determining the integrity condition of the target cutter based on the roughness data, the nano indentation experimental data, the nano scratch experimental data and the coating hardness and elastic modulus change data.
The application also provides a novel numerical control precision machining tool, which is obtained based on the method.
The beneficial effects of the implementation mode are that: according to the novel numerical control precision cutter and the processing method thereof, ultrasonic cleaning is carried out on the numerical control precision cutter after sharpening through the cleaning agent containing acetone and tripolyphosphate; clamping the numerical control precision cutter subjected to ultrasonic cleaning on a fixture clamp in sand blasting equipment, and passivating the numerical control precision cutter subjected to ultrasonic cleaning based on elastic abrasive sand blasting; ultrasonic cleaning is carried out on the numerical control precision cutter after passivation treatment is completed, and then arc ion plating coating is carried out; and clamping the cutter with the electric arc ion plating coating to a fixture in the sand blasting equipment, spraying the cutter with the electric arc ion plating coating based on elastic abrasive sand blasting, and then cleaning to obtain the target cutter. According to the application, the elastic abrasive is used for carrying out sand blasting post-treatment processing on the coated cutter, so that the effects of improving the surface quality of the cutter, the wear resistance of the coating and the whole service life of the cutter are realized for the first time, and the technical problems of short service life of the cutter and high cutter generation cost in the prior art are solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following description will briefly explain the drawings needed in the description of the embodiments, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a novel numerical control precision tool machining method provided by the application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a data fitting curve provided by the present application;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of another embodiment of the novel numerical control precision tool machining method provided by the application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
The terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, apparatus, article, or device that comprises a list of steps or modules is not necessarily limited to those steps or modules that are expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or device.
The naming or numbering of the steps in the embodiments of the present application does not mean that the steps in the method flow must be executed according to the time/logic sequence indicated by the naming or numbering, and the named or numbered flow steps may change the execution order according to the technical purpose to be achieved, so long as the same or similar technical effects can be achieved.
Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of such phrases in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those of skill in the art will explicitly and implicitly appreciate that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
The application provides a novel numerical control precision cutter and a processing method thereof, which are respectively described below.
As shown in fig. 1, the novel numerical control precision cutter processing method provided by the application comprises the following steps:
step 110, carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the numerical control precision cutter after sharpening based on a cleaning agent containing acetone and tripolyphosphate;
step 120, clamping the numerical control precision cutter subjected to ultrasonic cleaning on a fixture clamp in sand blasting equipment, and passivating the numerical control precision cutter subjected to ultrasonic cleaning based on elastic abrasive sand blasting;
130, performing ultrasonic cleaning on the numerical control precision cutter subjected to passivation treatment, and then performing arc ion plating coating;
and 140, clamping the cutter with the electric arc ion plating coating to a fixture in the sand blasting equipment, spraying the cutter with the electric arc ion plating coating based on elastic abrasive sand blasting, and then cleaning to obtain the target cutter.
It will be appreciated that in step 110, the digital control precision tool after sharpening is subjected to ultrasonic cleaning to ensure removal of impurities such as tungsten carbide powder and grinding fluid on the surface of the tool to be processed.
In order to control process variables, ultrasonic cleaning should be performed on all cutters in the same batch, and surface quality inspection should be performed after cleaning is completed, so that excessive saw teeth and chipping at the surfaces and cutting edges of all cutters are ensured.
In step 120, the pre-coating passivation process is aimed at increasing the value of the original tool edge after grinding to the desired size. In one embodiment of the application, the sand blasting time is set to be 90 seconds, the sand blasting pressure is 300kPa, all cutting edges of the same batch of cutters can be passivated to be about 9 mu m, the surface roughness Sa of the cutter matrix is reduced to be 0.31 mu m from 0.38 mu m, and a better condition is created for the adhesion of coating elements.
In step 130, PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition ) arc ion plating coating can be performed by adopting a Balzer coating equipment Rapid coating system mode, heating at 1.5Pa, 490 ℃ for 93min, etching at 0.22Pa, 480 ℃ for 30min, coating at 3.5Pa, 480 ℃ for 100min and cooling time of 120min, and finally obtaining TiAlN coating with about 2 μm and Al/Ti ratio of 67/33.
In step 140, the post-treatment of the tool coating is the key to the optimization of the physical properties of the coating, and finally, the purposes of improving the binding force, the wear resistance and the whole service life of the tool are achieved. Because the purposes of the front and rear sand blasting treatment of the cutter coating are different, different processing parameters are adopted for the same sand blasting equipment and abrasive, and different influences on the cutter performance can be generated at different stages.
In some embodiments, the ultrasonic cleaning of the digital controlled precision tool after sharpening based on the cleaning agent containing acetone and tripolyphosphate comprises the following steps:
and (3) carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the numerical control precision cutter after sharpening for at least 20 minutes based on a cleaning agent containing acetone and tripolyphosphate.
It can be understood that after the uncoated numerical control precision cutter is subjected to grinding and sharpening, cleaning agents with main components such as acetone, sodium tripolyphosphate and the like are adopted for ultrasonic cleaning for 20 minutes, so that the tungsten carbide powder, grinding fluid and other impurities on the surface of the cutter to be treated are removed.
In some embodiments, the passivating the ultrasonically cleaned numerically controlled precision tool based on elastic abrasive blasting comprises:
setting the sand blasting distance between a spray gun of a tool clamp in the sand blasting equipment and the cutting edge of the cutter to be 80-100 mm, setting the included angle between the spray gun and the horizontal direction to be 40-50 degrees, setting the sand blasting pressure of the sand blasting equipment to be 300-350 kPa, and spraying the cleaned cutter for 60-180 s based on elastic abrasive sand blasting so as to perform passivation treatment.
It is understood that the pre-coating passivation treatment: and clamping the cleaned cutter on a fixture in sand blasting equipment, setting the sand blasting distance between a spray gun and the cutting edge of the cutter to be 90mm, setting the included angle between the spray gun and the horizontal angle to be 45 degrees, and adopting elastic abrasive sand blasting for 60-180 s and the sand blasting pressure to be 300-350 kPa to finish the coating pretreatment of the cutter.
In some embodiments, after the ultrasonic cleaning of the numerical control precision tool after the passivation treatment is completed, the arc ion plating coating comprises:
and (3) carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the numerical control precise cutter subjected to passivation treatment for at least 10 minutes, and then plating a hard metal film containing three elements with different proportions of Ti, al and N.
Further, after ultrasonic cleaning is performed on the numerical control precision cutter subjected to passivation treatment for at least 10 minutes, a hard metal film containing three different proportioning elements of Ti, al and N is coated, and the method comprises the following steps:
and after carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the numerical control precision cutter after finishing passivation treatment for at least 10 minutes, heating, etching and plating a hard metal film containing three different proportioning elements of Ti, al and N on the numerical control precision cutter after finishing passivation treatment based on Balzer coating equipment.
It will be appreciated that cleaning and arc ion plating: and (3) carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the passivated cutter for 10 minutes to remove the sand blasting abrasive stuck on the surface, and creating a good adhesion base surface for PVD arc ion plating. And then starting to coat, wherein the coating is a hard metal film containing three different proportioning elements of Ti (titanium), al (aluminum) and N (nitrogen).
In some embodiments, the clamping the tool with the arc ion plating coating on the fixture in the sand blasting equipment, spraying the tool with the arc ion plating coating based on elastic abrasive sand blasting, and then cleaning to obtain a target tool, including:
and clamping the cutter with the electric arc ion plating coating to a fixture in the sand blasting equipment, setting the sand blasting pressure of the sand blasting equipment to 220-300 kPa, spraying the cutter with the electric arc ion plating coating for 30-120 s based on elastic abrasive sand blasting, and then cleaning to obtain the target cutter.
It will be appreciated that the coating post-grit blasting: and after the coating is deposited and cooled, clamping the cutter on a fixture in the sand blasting equipment again, keeping the sand blasting distance and the spray gun angle unchanged, and adopting elastic abrasive for sand blasting for 30-120 s, wherein the sand blasting pressure is 220-300 kPa, so as to finish the coating aftertreatment of the cutter.
In some embodiments, the resilient abrasive blasting stock is riveted from internal silicon carbide, silicone rubber, polyurethane, and diamond micropowder on the surface.
It is understood that the elastic abrasive refers to a soft elastomer abrasive, and the raw materials are riveted by internal silicon carbide, silicon rubber, polyurethane and diamond micro powder on the surface, so that the elastic abrasive has soft texture and high elasticity, and is called as elastic abrasive for short. Because the elastic abrasive has the advantages of passivation property of the cutting edge of the cutter, improvement of physical properties of the surface of the coating and the like, the elastic abrasive is simultaneously applied to pretreatment and post-treatment of the cutter. Meanwhile, the abrasive is easy to wet, and the service life can be greatly shortened along with liquid and oily liquid drops attached to a workpiece, so that the purpose of protecting the elastic abrasive is achieved in the step 110.
In some embodiments, the novel numerical control precision tool machining method further comprises:
controlling the target cutter to perform a metal cutting experiment, and acquiring wear data of the rear cutter surface of the cutter at different stages;
and performing curve fitting on the abrasion data to construct a cutter life prediction model.
It can be appreciated that the tool cutting wear test: and (3) carrying out metal cutting experiments on the detected cutter, recording the abrasion conditions of the rear cutter surface of the cutter at different stages, and then generating cutter abrasion life curves under different post-treatment processes.
The abrasion test was completed on a model CAK5085nzj lathe of Shenyang machine tool, and the cutting object was (α+β) titanium alloy TC4. The resulting inserts after different post-treatment processes were each cut continuously for 20 minutes, measured and the wear values of their rear faces were recorded using a kens VHX-7000 optical microscope at 2 minute intervals, and finally a tool wear life curve was generated.
Life analysis and modeling prediction: and (3) carrying out comparative analysis on wear experiment data obtained by a wear experiment, inputting fitting curve data into data analysis software Matlab, and establishing a cutter life prediction model, so that the model can be used for accurately predicting the service life of the coated cutter under different post-treatment processes.
Recording the maximum abrasion values of the rear tool face of the tool after 20 minutes under different post-treatment sand blasting time and pressure, and carrying out modeling analysis on the maximum abrasion values in Matlab by using a data fitting module to obtain a graph (shown in figure 3), wherein the obtained process parameter product-abrasion equation is as follows:
f(x)＝2.781×10-7x2-0.00978x+296
where x represents the product of post-treatment blasting time and blasting pressure in kPa s, and f (x) represents the maximum wear value of the flank of the tool cutting titanium alloy TC4 material for 20 minutes at the post-treatment process parameters in μm. The coefficient of determination R-square of this equation is 0.89.
According to the fitted curve obtained in FIG. 2, the coated tool had the best life performance at the post-treatment blasting process parameter product of 1.85X104 kPa.s, at which the tool had a flank wear value of 209 μm at 20 minutes (the tool wear value of the coating without post-treatment was 250 μm). Meanwhile, the sand blasting process parameter product is in the range of 0.59-2.9X104 kPa.s, and the method has the effect of prolonging the service life of a coated cutter. A sudden decrease in tool life outside this machining range occurs because excessive blasting pressure or excessive blasting time can have a damaging effect on the tool coating.
Through observation of the integrity of the coated surface of the tool and actual measurement of the life of the tool, it is found that the two have a causal relationship in the final result, i.e. good coated tool surface integrity has good cutting service life, and vice versa. Therefore, the main technical characteristics of the application can realize the effect of precisely controlling the service life of the cutter by controlling the technological parameters of the sand blasting equipment process.
In some embodiments, the novel numerical control precision tool machining method further comprises:
and acquiring roughness data, nano indentation experimental data and nano scratch experimental data corresponding to the target cutter, and coating hardness and elastic modulus change data, and determining the integrity condition of the target cutter based on the roughness data, the nano indentation experimental data, the nano scratch experimental data and the coating hardness and elastic modulus change data.
It can be appreciated that the surface integrity analysis: and cleaning the cutter subjected to sand blasting, and then analyzing and detecting the integrity of the surface of the cutter coating. The surface integrity analysis and detection comprises roughness measurement, nano indentation experiments to detect the hardness and elastic modulus changes of the coating and nano scratch experiments to detect the binding force changes of the coating.
In one embodiment, the blasting time is set to 30s, the blasting pressure is 300kPa, the surface roughness Sa of the tool matrix is reduced from 0.34 mu m to 0.15 mu m, the surface hardness H of the coating is increased from 23.6GPa to 27.2GPa, the elastic modulus E is basically unchanged, so that the H/E (which can represent the elastic strain failure capability and mechanical property of the coating) is increased from 0.08 to 0.1, and H 3/ E 2 (which may indicate the plastic deformation resistance and wear resistance of the coating) increases from 0.15 to 0.32. The coating binding force (based on the force applied by the nano-scratch probe to form a stable substrate scratch on the surface of the coating) was increased from 7.08N to 10.63N.
In some embodiments, the flow of the novel numerical control precision tool machining method provided by the application is shown in fig. 3, the numerical control precision tool after sharpening is firstly subjected to ultrasonic cleaning, then to passivation treatment, then to cleaning and arc chain coating, and after the arc ion coating is completed, the sand blasting treatment is performed to obtain the target tool, and then the surface integrity analysis and the tool cutting wear experiment can be performed.
In summary, in the novel numerical control precision tool and the processing method thereof provided by the application, ultrasonic cleaning is performed on the numerical control precision tool after sharpening through a cleaning agent containing acetone and tripolyphosphate; clamping the numerical control precision cutter subjected to ultrasonic cleaning on a fixture clamp in sand blasting equipment, and passivating the numerical control precision cutter subjected to ultrasonic cleaning based on elastic abrasive sand blasting; ultrasonic cleaning is carried out on the numerical control precision cutter after passivation treatment is completed, and then arc ion plating coating is carried out; and clamping the cutter with the electric arc ion plating coating to a fixture in the sand blasting equipment, spraying the cutter with the electric arc ion plating coating based on elastic abrasive sand blasting, and then cleaning to obtain the target cutter. According to the application, the elastic abrasive is used for carrying out sand blasting post-treatment processing on the coated cutter, so that the effects of improving the surface quality of the cutter, the wear resistance of the coating and the whole service life of the cutter are realized for the first time, and the technical problems of short service life of the cutter and high cutter generation cost in the prior art are solved.
Further, the application establishes the connection between the integrity of the coating surface of the cutter and the final wear life of the cutter under different post-treatment process conditions through a large number of surface detection techniques and analysis, and verifies the causal connection of the two.
The application also carries out data collection, analysis and modeling on the abrasion life of the cutter under different post-treatment working conditions, and provides a final processing scheme for optimizing the life of the cutter of the type by the sand blasting processing technology, thereby having guiding value for accurately improving the life of the cutter. The application also provides a novel numerical control precision machining tool, which is obtained based on the method.
The novel numerical control precision tool and the processing method thereof provided by the application are described in detail, and specific examples are applied to illustrate the principle and the implementation mode of the application, and the description of the examples is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the application; meanwhile, as those skilled in the art will have variations in the specific embodiments and application scope in light of the ideas of the present application, the present description should not be construed as limiting the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The novel numerical control precision cutter machining method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
ultrasonic cleaning is carried out on the numerical control precision cutter after sharpening based on a cleaning agent containing acetone and tripolyphosphate;
clamping the numerical control precision cutter subjected to ultrasonic cleaning on a fixture clamp in sand blasting equipment, and passivating the numerical control precision cutter subjected to ultrasonic cleaning based on elastic abrasive sand blasting;
ultrasonic cleaning is carried out on the numerical control precision cutter after passivation treatment is completed, and then arc ion plating coating is carried out;
and clamping the cutter with the electric arc ion plating coating to a fixture in the sand blasting equipment, spraying the cutter with the electric arc ion plating coating based on elastic abrasive sand blasting, and then cleaning to obtain the target cutter.
2. The method for machining a novel numerically controlled precision tool according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic cleaning of the sharpened numerically controlled precision tool based on a cleaning agent comprising acetone and tripolyphosphate comprises:
and (3) carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the numerical control precision cutter after sharpening for at least 20 minutes based on a cleaning agent containing acetone and tripolyphosphate.
3. The method for machining a novel numerically controlled precision tool according to claim 1, wherein the passivating treatment of the ultrasonically cleaned numerically controlled precision tool based on elastic abrasive blasting comprises:
setting the sand blasting distance between a spray gun of a tool clamp in the sand blasting equipment and the cutting edge of the cutter to be 80-100 mm, setting the included angle between the spray gun and the horizontal direction to be 40-50 degrees, setting the sand blasting pressure of the sand blasting equipment to be 300-350 kPa, and spraying the cleaned cutter for 60-180 s based on elastic abrasive sand blasting so as to perform passivation treatment.
4. The method for machining a novel numerically controlled precision tool according to claim 1, wherein the performing of the arc ion plating coating after the ultrasonic cleaning of the numerically controlled precision tool after the passivation treatment comprises:
and (3) carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the numerical control precise cutter subjected to passivation treatment for at least 10 minutes, and then plating a hard metal film containing three elements with different proportions of Ti, al and N.
5. The method for machining a novel numerically controlled precision tool according to claim 4, wherein after the numerically controlled precision tool after the passivation treatment is ultrasonically cleaned for at least 10 minutes, a hard metal film containing three different proportioning elements of Ti, al and N is coated, comprising:
and after carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the numerical control precision cutter after finishing passivation treatment for at least 10 minutes, heating, etching and plating a hard metal film containing three different proportioning elements of Ti, al and N on the numerical control precision cutter after finishing passivation treatment based on Balzer coating equipment.
6. The method for machining a novel numerically controlled precision tool according to claim 1, wherein the step of clamping the tool with the finish of the arc ion plating coating onto a fixture in the sandblasting equipment, and performing cleaning after spraying the tool with the finish of the arc ion plating coating based on elastic abrasive sandblasting to obtain a target tool comprises:
and clamping the cutter with the electric arc ion plating coating to a fixture in the sand blasting equipment, setting the sand blasting pressure of the sand blasting equipment to 220-300 kPa, spraying the cutter with the electric arc ion plating coating for 30-120 s based on elastic abrasive sand blasting, and then cleaning to obtain the target cutter.
7. The method for machining a novel numerical control precision cutter according to claim 1, wherein the raw material for elastic abrasive blasting is riveted by internal silicon carbide, silicon rubber, polyurethane and diamond micropowder on the surface.
8. The novel numerical control precision tool machining method according to claim 1, further comprising:
controlling the target cutter to perform a metal cutting experiment, and acquiring wear data of the rear cutter surface of the cutter at different stages;
and performing curve fitting on the abrasion data to construct a cutter life prediction model.
9. The novel numerical control precision tool machining method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by further comprising:
and acquiring roughness data, nano indentation experimental data and nano scratch experimental data corresponding to the target cutter, and coating hardness and elastic modulus change data, and determining the integrity condition of the target cutter based on the roughness data, the nano indentation experimental data, the nano scratch experimental data and the coating hardness and elastic modulus change data.
10. A novel numerically controlled precision machining tool, characterized in that it is obtained on the basis of the method according to any one of claims 1-7.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310646680.3A CN116752102A (en) | 2023-06-01 | 2023-06-01 | Novel numerical control precision cutter and processing method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310646680.3A CN116752102A (en) | 2023-06-01 | 2023-06-01 | Novel numerical control precision cutter and processing method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116752102A true CN116752102A (en) | 2023-09-15 |
Family
ID=87952507
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310646680.3A Pending CN116752102A (en) | 2023-06-01 | 2023-06-01 | Novel numerical control precision cutter and processing method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116752102A (en) |
-
2023
- 2023-06-01 CN CN202310646680.3A patent/CN116752102A/en active Pending
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Kenda et al. | Surface integrity in abrasive flow machining of hardened tool steel AISI D2 | |
| Iturbe et al. | Surface integrity analysis when machining Inconel 718 with conventional and cryogenic cooling | |
| Fulemova et al. | Influence of the cutting edge radius and the cutting edge preparation on tool life and cutting forces at inserts with wiper geometry | |
| Hashmi et al. | Optimization of process parameters for high speed machining of Ti-6Al-4V using response surface methodology | |
| Zhou et al. | Surface integrity of titanium part by ultrasonic magnetic abrasive finishing | |
| Lauwers | Surface integrity in hybrid machining processes | |
| US20190076907A1 (en) | Structure of cutting edge of machining tool, and surface treatment method for same | |
| Zhong et al. | Cutting performances and the related characteristics of CVD coated hardmetal inserts changed by post-treatments | |
| Hou et al. | Effect of cutting parameters on surface quality in multi-step turning of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy | |
| CN109482948B (en) | In-situ self-generated TiB2Ultrasonic vibration auxiliary processing method for particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material | |
| Barletta | Progress in abrasive fluidized bed machining | |
| CN108220914A (en) | Preparation method of D L C coating on inner surface of tire mold | |
| Steitz et al. | Effect of process parameters on surface roughness in hammer peening and deep rolling | |
| Yin et al. | Tool wear and its effect on the surface integrity and fatigue behavior in high-speed ultrasonic peening milling of Inconel 718 | |
| Liu et al. | Polishing surface integrity of TC17 aeroengine blades | |
| Gadge et al. | A review on micro-blasting as surface treatment technique for improved cutting tool performance | |
| Bordin et al. | Effect of the cutting edge preparation on the surface integrity after dry drilling | |
| Matuszak | Comparative analysis of the effect of machining with wire and ceramic brushes on selected properties of the surface layer of EN AW-7075 aluminium alloy | |
| CN116752102A (en) | Novel numerical control precision cutter and processing method thereof | |
| JP3997084B2 (en) | Method of removing and regenerating hard carbon coating film and regenerated substrate | |
| Zhuang et al. | A new elastic abrasive jet machining method for post–treatment of tool coatings: a case study on TiAlN coated tools for titanium machining | |
| CN108637586B (en) | Guide surface repairing method | |
| Matuszak et al. | Effect of brushing parameters upon edge states after wire brushing of AZ91 HP magnesium alloy | |
| Ugurlu et al. | Improvement of surface roughness using ANOVA for AZ31B magnesium alloy with ball burnishing process | |
| Ramesh | Cutting edge preparation |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |