CN116736916A - Soil deformation and soil-water characteristic test device under single saline solution humidity control - Google Patents
Soil deformation and soil-water characteristic test device under single saline solution humidity control Download PDFInfo
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- CN116736916A CN116736916A CN202311008103.8A CN202311008103A CN116736916A CN 116736916 A CN116736916 A CN 116736916A CN 202311008103 A CN202311008103 A CN 202311008103A CN 116736916 A CN116736916 A CN 116736916A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 161
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 262
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000428533 Rhis Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D27/00—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00
- G05D27/02—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00 characterised by the use of electric means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
Abstract
The invention relates to a soil deformation and soil-water characteristic test device under single saline solution humidity control. The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the device comprises: the system comprises an environment chamber, a salt supplementing mechanism, a water supplementing mechanism, a sample placing platform, a monitoring mechanism, a conductivity sensor and a data acquisition and processing system, wherein the data acquisition and processing system acquires target relative humidity set by a user through a data input module, and obtains target salt solution concentration based on a relative humidity and salt solution concentration relation function; obtaining a target conductivity based on a conductivity and salt solution concentration relationship function; and acquiring the actual measured conductivity of the indoor salt solution in the environment through a conductivity sensor, and controlling a salt supplementing mechanism or a water supplementing mechanism to adjust the indoor salt solution concentration in the environment according to the comparison result of the actual measured conductivity and the target conductivity until the difference value between the actual measured conductivity and the target conductivity is smaller than a preset value. The invention has the beneficial effects that the stable change of the indoor relative humidity of the environment is realized by changing the solubility of the salt solution in the environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a soil deformation and soil-water characteristic test device under single saline solution humidity control. The hydraulic engineering testing device is suitable for the field of hydraulic engineering testing devices.
Background
As is known, the cohesive soil mostly has the deformation characteristic of water expansion, water loss and shrinkage, the characteristic brings great trouble to geotechnical engineering design construction, deformation is forced independently, a complex deformation mechanism reflects a complex stress state, and if the volume change in the soil moisture removal and absorption process can be accurately measured, an effective way is provided for revealing the complex stress state of the soil expansion, shrinkage and deformation and water retention characteristic process.
With the continuous development of computer technology and image acquisition equipment in recent years, some new testing methods are applied to the shrinkage deformation of a tested soil body, such as a digital image processing technology, the method does not disturb a sample, the testing precision is high, the technology is mature and reliable, and the method has been widely adopted.
The key to obtaining the deformation of the sample by using the image processing technology is to rapidly and accurately control the relative humidity of the environmental chamber in which the sample is positioned, and how to realize stable change of the relative humidity is an important factor for testing the accuracy of the deformation of the sample.
In the prior art, a preset dry-wet mixed gas is introduced into a closed container by using a relative humidity generator, so that the control of the relative humidity in the container is realized. However, the method has higher precision requirement on the relative humidity generating device, and requires additional configuration of a dry air source such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide, when the relative humidity is lower, the relative humidity of an environmental chamber is easy to fluctuate, steady-state control cannot be realized, when the relative humidity is higher, the flow rate of the humid air conveyed by a flow pump is increased, the temperature of the humid air is higher, the pressure is easy to form in a closed container, water mist is easy to generate on a top cover plate, the test result is influenced, the humid air cooling and depressurization operation is complex, and the test time is longer; in addition, the relative humidity generating device with higher precision has high cost and higher test cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that: aiming at the problems, the soil deformation and soil water characteristic test device under the control of the humidity of the single saline solution is provided.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the soil deformation and soil water characteristic test device under the control of single saline solution humidity comprises an environment chamber, wherein the lower half part of the environment chamber is used for containing saline solution and is provided with a conductivity sensor, the upper half part of the environment chamber is provided with a sample placing platform through a bracket, a monitoring mechanism for measuring and taking sample data on the sample placing platform is arranged corresponding to the sample placing platform, and the environment chamber is connected with a salt supplementing mechanism and a water supplementing mechanism; the salt supplementing mechanism, the water supplementing mechanism and the conductivity sensor circuit are connected with a data acquisition and processing system, and the data acquisition and processing system is provided with a data input module;
the data acquisition and processing system is configured to: acquiring target relative humidity set by a user through a data input module, and obtaining target salt solution concentration based on the target relative humidity and a relation function between the relative humidity and the salt solution concentration; obtaining a target conductivity based on the target salt solution concentration and a relationship function between the conductivity and the salt solution concentration; and acquiring the actual measured conductivity of the indoor salt solution in the environment through a conductivity sensor, and controlling a salt supplementing mechanism or a water supplementing mechanism to adjust the indoor salt solution concentration in the environment according to the comparison result of the actual measured conductivity and the target conductivity until the difference value between the actual measured conductivity and the target conductivity is smaller than a preset value.
By the technical means, the conductivity of the indoor salt solution in the environment is measured in real time by utilizing the conductivity sensor which is high in precision and can respond timely, and the salt solution concentration in the environment is controlled by the salt supplementing mechanism or the water supplementing mechanism based on the relation between the measured conductivity and the target conductivity until the conductivity measured in real time is close to the target conductivity, and at the moment, the salt solution concentration is close to the target salt solution concentration, so that the indoor humidity of the environment is influenced to the target relative humidity by utilizing the salt solution concentration.
By the technical means, the conductivity sensor, the salt supplementing mechanism and the water supplementing mechanism are utilized to carry out closed-loop control on the conductivity of the salt solution, so that the high-precision control on the conductivity of the salt solution is realized, and the high-precision control on the concentration of the salt solution and the indoor relative humidity of the environment is realized.
Through the technical means, the characteristic that the conductivity sensor can respond in time is utilized to acquire the conductivity of the salt solution in real time, and when the conductivity of the salt solution changes, the salt supplementing mechanism and the water supplementing mechanism are controlled in time to regulate the salt supplementing mechanism and the water supplementing mechanism, so that the conductivity of the salt solution is stabilized at the target conductivity, and the indoor relative humidity of the environment is stabilized at the target relative humidity.
In some embodiments, further comprising:
the temperature sensor is arranged in the environment chamber, is connected with the data acquisition and processing system circuit and can be used for measuring the temperature in the environment chamber;
and the temperature adjusting mechanism is arranged on the environment chamber, is connected with the data acquisition and processing system circuit, and can be matched with the temperature sensor to adjust the temperature in the environment chamber.
Through the technical means, the temperature sensor and the temperature regulating mechanism are utilized to form closed-loop control, so that the indoor temperature of the environment can be stabilized at the designated temperature.
In some embodiments, a water storage chamber is provided in the environmental chamber sidewall; the temperature regulating mechanism is provided with a constant-temperature water tank capable of heating the temperature control solution to a specified temperature, and the constant-temperature water tank is communicated with the water storage chamber through a water pipe.
Through the technical means, the temperature control solution heated to the specified temperature in the constant-temperature water tank is conveyed into the water storage cavity on the side wall of the environmental chamber, so that the temperature in the environmental chamber is stabilized at the specified stability.
In some embodiments, the salt supplementing mechanism has a supersaturated salt solution container containing salt solution, the supersaturated salt solution container is communicated with the lower half part in the environment chamber through a water pipe provided with a salt solution flow control valve, and the salt solution flow control valve is in circuit connection with the data acquisition and processing system.
By the technical means, the injection quantity of the salt supplementing mechanism into the environment chamber is controlled by the salt solution flow control valve, so that the saturated salt solution is quantitatively supplemented into the environment chamber.
In some embodiments, a saline solution screen is provided corresponding to the water outlet of the supersaturated saline solution container.
By the technical means, precipitated salt crystals exist in the supersaturated salt solution, and a filter screen is arranged at the bottom of the container to filter the salt of the crystals in order to prevent the salt crystals from blocking the guide pipe.
In some embodiments, the water replenishing mechanism is provided with a distilled water container for containing distilled water, the distilled water container is communicated with the lower half part of the environment chamber through a water pipe provided with a distilled water flow control valve, and the distilled water flow control valve is in circuit connection with the data acquisition and processing system.
By the technical means, the distilled water flow control valve is utilized to control the injection amount of the water supplementing mechanism into the environment chamber, so that the distilled water is quantitatively supplemented into the environment chamber.
In some embodiments, the monitoring mechanism includes an electronic balance as the sample placement platform for measuring the weight of the sample, and a plurality of high-precision cameras disposed about the sample placement platform for acquiring images of the sample on the sample placement platform.
In some embodiments, a stirrer is installed at the bottom of the environment chamber, and a stirrer circuit is connected with the data acquisition and processing system.
Through the technical means, the salt solution and distilled water injected into the environment chamber are quickly and uniformly mixed by using the stirrer.
In some embodiments, the support is a perforated baffle that divides the interior of the environmental chamber into upper and lower portions.
Through the technical means, the sample placing platform can be arranged above the porous partition plate, and the partition plate holes on the porous partition plate can be used for the relative humidity air circulation formed by the salt solution, so that the upper air humidity and the lower air humidity of the partition plate are kept consistent.
In some embodiments, when the salt solution is a lithium bromide salt solution, the relative humidity as a function of salt solution concentration is:
RH= 107.89n 3 - 260.78n 2 + 7.5096n + 98.559
in the method, in the process of the invention,RHfor the relative humidity in the ambient room,nis the salt solution concentration.
By the technical means, the numerical relation between the relative humidity and the salt solution concentration is accurately reflected.
In some embodiments, when the salt solution is a lithium bromide salt solution, the conductivity versus salt solution concentration function is:
σ= -547.57n 3 - 289.6n 2 + 621.4n + 17.605
in the method, in the process of the invention,σfor the conductivity of the salt solution,nis the salt solution concentration.
By the technical means, the numerical relation between the conductivity and the salt solution concentration is accurately reflected.
In some embodiments, the upper portion of the environmental chamber is provided with a relative humidity sensor, and the data acquisition and processing system is further configured to:
controlling the injection amount of each of the salt supplementing mechanism and the water supplementing mechanism into the environment chamber so as to form a salt solution with a specified concentration in the environment chamber; acquiring the conductivity of the salt solution in the environment room through a conductivity sensor, and acquiring the relative humidity in the environment room through a relative humidity sensor; drawing a relation curve of the conductivity and the salt solution concentration based on a plurality of groups of salt solutions with different concentrations and corresponding conductivity data, and fitting the relation curve of the conductivity and the salt solution concentration to obtain a relation function of the conductivity and the salt solution concentration; and drawing a relative humidity and salt solution concentration relation curve based on a plurality of groups of salt solutions with different concentrations and corresponding relative humidity data, and fitting based on the relative humidity and salt solution concentration relation curve to obtain a relative humidity and salt solution concentration relation function.
Through the technical means, the injection quantity of the salt supplementing mechanism and the water supplementing mechanism into the environment chamber is controlled so as to form salt solutions with different concentrations in the environment chamber, and the conductivity and the indoor relative humidity corresponding to the salt solutions with different concentrations are obtained, so that the relation function of the conductivity and the salt solution concentration and the relation function of the relative humidity and the salt solution concentration of the salt solution used in the test are obtained simply and quickly.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention realizes the closed-loop control of the conductivity of the salt solution in the environment room by matching the conductivity sensor with the salt supplementing mechanism and the water supplementing mechanism, thereby realizing the control of the concentration of the salt solution in the environment room and the relative humidity in the environment room, and has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, test time saving and high control precision.
Because the invention utilizes the salt solution to adjust the indoor relative humidity of the environment, after the salt solution concentration in the environment is adjusted, the indoor relative humidity of the environment cannot be reflected in time, and the indoor relative humidity of the environment can be changed into the humidity corresponding to the salt solution concentration after a certain time. If the relative humidity sensor is directly utilized to cooperate with the salt supplementing mechanism and the water supplementing mechanism to carry out closed-loop control on the indoor relative humidity of the environment, the indoor relative humidity of the environment can be stabilized after the salt supplementing mechanism and the water supplementing mechanism are operated, and the relative humidity is difficult to adjust to the target relative humidity due to one-time operation of the salt supplementing mechanism and the water supplementing mechanism, and the relative humidity is required to be operated again according to the numerical value measured by the relative humidity sensor after the relative humidity is stabilized, so that the relative humidity is controlled to the target relative humidity, the indoor relative humidity of the environment can be required to be waited for a plurality of times, and the efficiency of closed-loop control is seriously affected. In the invention, the conductivity sensor is utilized for closed-loop control, so that the conductivity is stabilized at the target conductivity in real time through the salt supplementing mechanism and the water supplementing mechanism in the process of gradually stabilizing the indoor relative humidity of the environment, and the relative humidity can be stabilized at the target relative humidity at one time.
According to the invention, the single salt solution is arranged in the environment chamber, the salt solution is used for adjusting the relative humidity in the environment chamber, and different relative humidity can be generated in the environment chamber due to different salt solution concentrations.
The invention controls the relative humidity through the saline solution, overcomes the defect that the relative generator method is easy to generate water mist when the high-temperature gas condenses at higher relative humidity, and influences the image data acquisition, can realize the moisture desorption deformation of the soil body in a wide suction range and the continuous test of the soil water characteristics, and can obtain the soil water characteristic curve considering the body change.
According to the method, based on the relation among the relative humidity, the salt solution conductivity and the salt solution concentration obtained through the test, the functional relation among the relative humidity, the conductivity and the salt solution concentration is established, the target salt solution concentration is calculated and obtained through the given indoor target relative humidity of the environment, the target conductivity of the salt solution is obtained through calculation according to the target salt solution concentration, the difference between the current salt solution concentration and the target salt solution concentration is obtained through the actual measured value of the salt solution conductivity and the target conductivity, and distilled water or saturated salt solution is injected into the environment through an automatic flow control valve, so that the indoor salt solution conductivity, the concentration and the indoor relative humidity of the environment reach target values.
According to the invention, the salt solution concentration is timely adjusted by measuring the salt solution conductivity so as to accurately control the relative humidity of the environmental chamber. The moisture is evaporated in the soil sample dehumidifying process, so that the relative humidity of the environment is increased, and the excessive moisture can enter into the saline solution to change the concentration of the saline solution, thereby affecting the relative humidity of the environment chamber; in the process of moisture absorption, the soil sample absorbs moisture, so that the relative humidity of the environmental chamber is reduced, the conductivity is very sensitive to the change of the concentration of the solution, once the concentration of the salt solution is slightly changed due to the moisture evaporated and absorbed by the sample, the conductivity can timely respond, the concentration of the salt solution is timely regulated, and the relative humidity of the environmental chamber is stably and accurately controlled.
The relative humidity range can be controlled according to different selected salt solutions, the relative humidity range of the lithium bromide salt solution can be controlled to 7.75% -100%, the cost of the lithium bromide salt solution is obviously reduced compared with that of a relative generator in the salt solution with lower relative humidity, besides the relative humidity range is wider, any relative humidity value in 7.75% -100% can be obtained, the precision can be controlled to 0.1%, and the effect cannot be achieved by adopting a traditional salt solution method with different types.
The invention adopts digital image processing technology, can obtain deformation data of the sample in the process of moisture absorption and moisture absorption, avoids disturbance of the contact type measuring method to the relative humidity of the sample and the environmental chamber, and has high testing precision. The environment chamber adopts an acrylic plate and an external circuit access channel is reserved, so that the tightness of the environment chamber is solved; the single salt solution is adopted to control the relative humidity, so that the influence on the testing precision caused by the fact that the mixed gas introduced by the relative humidity generator increases the internal pressure of the environment chamber is avoided. The invention occupies small space, can be directly placed on a test bed, has detachable components, simple structure, easy assembly and convenient operation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the experimental method in the example.
FIG. 3 is a plot of relative humidity versus lithium bromide salt concentration for the examples.
Fig. 4 is a plot of conductivity versus concentration for a lithium bromide salt solution in an example.
FIG. 5 is a plot of total sample suction versus lithium bromide salt concentration for the example.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the characteristic of soil and water of the sample in the example.
FIG. 7 is a sample shrinkage characteristic curve in the example.
1. A supersaturated salt solution container; 2. a salt solution filter screen; 3. a distilled water container; 4. a data acquisition and processing system; 5. a high-precision camera; 6. a sample; 7. an electronic balance; 8. an environmental chamber; 9. a temperature sensor; 10. a relative humidity sensor; 11. controlling the temperature of the solution; 12. a separator plate with holes; 13. a conductivity sensor; 14. a constant temperature water tank; 15. a stirrer; 16. a saline flow control valve; 17. a distilled water flow control valve; 18. and (3) a salt solution.
Detailed Description
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1, this embodiment is a soil deformation and soil-water characteristic test device under single saline solution humidity control, including: an environment chamber 8, a salt supplementing mechanism, a water supplementing mechanism, a sample placing platform, a monitoring mechanism, a conductivity sensor 13, a relative humidity sensor 10, a temperature adjusting mechanism, a temperature sensor 9, a data acquisition and processing system 4 and the like.
In this example, the environmental chamber 8 is a closed chamber formed by bonding acrylic plates, a threaded interface is reserved on the side wall and the top plate of the environmental chamber 8, and the interior of the environmental chamber 8 can be connected with peripheral equipment through an aviation connector. The environment chamber 8 is divided into an upper part and a lower part by a porous partition plate 12, the salt solution 18 can be stored in the lower part, a sample placing platform for placing the sample 6 is arranged on the porous partition plate 12, and the partition plate holes on the porous partition plate 12 are used for the relative humidity air circulation formed by the salt solution 18.
In this embodiment, a stirrer 15 is disposed at the bottom of the environmental chamber 8, and the stirrer 15 is electrically connected to the data acquisition and processing system 4, where the stirrer 15 is used to accelerate the uniform dissolution of the solute in the salt solution 18 in the environmental chamber 8.
The salt supplementing mechanism in this embodiment is provided with a supersaturated salt solution container 1 for containing salt solution, and the supersaturated salt solution container 1 is communicated with the lower half part in the environmental chamber 8 through a water pipe provided with a salt solution flow control valve 16, and is used for supplementing salt solution into the environmental chamber 8 under the control of the salt solution flow control valve 16 so as to increase the salt solution concentration in the environmental chamber 8.
In this example, a salt solution filter screen 2 is arranged at the water outlet at the bottom of the supersaturated salt solution container 1, and in order to prevent salt crystals from blocking the water pipe, a filter screen is arranged at the bottom of the container to filter the salt crystals.
The water replenishing mechanism is provided with a distilled water container 3 for containing distilled water, and the distilled water container 3 is communicated with the lower half part in the environment chamber 8 through a water pipe provided with a distilled water flow control valve 17 and is used for replenishing distilled water into the environment chamber 8 under the control of the distilled water flow control valve 17 so as to reduce the salt solution concentration in the environment chamber 8.
In this embodiment, the saline solution flow control valve 16 and the distilled water flow control valve 17 are mass flow controllers, the mass control accuracy is 0.05g, and the saline solution flow controllers and the distilled water flow controllers are connected with the data acquisition and processing system 4, and the relative humidity in the environmental chamber 8 is rapidly controlled by adjusting the consumption of the saline solution and the distilled water according to the difference between the current solution concentration and the target concentration calculated by the conductivity and the relative humidity of the solution acquired by the data acquisition and processing system 4.
The monitoring mechanism in the embodiment comprises an electronic balance 7 and a digital image acquisition system, wherein the electronic balance 7 is used as a sample placing platform and is arranged on a baffle plate 12 with holes, the measuring range of the electronic balance 7 is 160mg-120g, the measuring precision is 0.1mg, and the electronic balance 7 is connected with the data acquisition and processing system 4 to acquire mass data of a sample 6 in real time.
The digital image acquisition system in the embodiment comprises two high-precision cameras 5 which are connected with a data acquisition and processing system 4 in a circuit manner, the two high-precision cameras are respectively erected at fixed positions of two different sides of an environmental chamber 8, camera image acquisition frequency is set through the data acquisition and processing system 4, deformation images of the moisture absorption process of the sample 6 are automatically acquired, and indexes such as the volume strain of the sample 6 are calculated.
In this embodiment, the conductivity sensor 13 is installed at the lower part of the environment chamber 8, and is electrically connected to the data acquisition and processing system 4, so as to measure the conductivity of the salt solution 18 contained in the environment chamber 8. The conductivity sensor 13 is InLabTM731 graphite electrode, and the conductivity constant Q=0.57 is obtained after standard liquid calibration, the measuring range is 0.01-1000mS/cm, and the relative error is 0.5%.
In this example, the relative humidity sensor 10 is installed in the upper half of the interior of the environmental chamber 8, and is electrically connected with the data acquisition and processing system 4, so as to measure the relative humidity of the upper half of the interior of the environmental chamber 8, where the measurement range of the relative humidity sensor 10 is 0% -100%, and the accuracy is 0.1%.
In the embodiment, the temperature sensor 9 is installed in the environmental chamber 8 and is in circuit connection with the data acquisition and processing system 4, and is used for measuring the temperature in the environmental chamber 8, the temperature measuring range of the temperature sensor 9 is minus 35 ℃ to plus 80 ℃, and the temperature measuring precision is +/-1.5% of the measured value.
In this embodiment, a water storage chamber is provided in the side wall of the environmental chamber 8. The temperature adjusting mechanism is provided with a constant temperature water tank 14 which can heat the temperature control solution 11 (such as saline solution) to a specified temperature, and the constant temperature water tank 14 is communicated with the water storage chamber through a water pipe. The constant-temperature water tank 14 is communicated with the water storage cavity in the side wall of the environment chamber 8, the constant-temperature water tank 14 circularly flows in the cavity of the side wall of the environment chamber 8, the temperature control of the environment chamber 8 is realized, the temperature control range of the constant-temperature water tank 14 is-40 ℃ to +100 ℃, and the precision is 0.05 ℃.
The data acquisition and processing system 4 in this embodiment is provided with a data input module and a display module, and is connected with a saline solution flow control valve 16, a distilled water flow control valve 17, a conductivity sensor 13, a relative humidity sensor 10, a temperature sensor 9, a constant temperature water tank 14, an electronic balance 7, a digital image acquisition system and other circuits.
The data acquisition and processing system 4 in this example is configured to:
controlling the injection amount of each of the salt replenishing mechanism and the water replenishing mechanism into the environmental chamber 8 to form a salt solution 18 with a specified concentration in the environmental chamber 8;
acquiring the conductivity of the salt solution 18 in the environmental chamber 8 through the conductivity sensor 13, and acquiring the relative humidity in the environmental chamber 8 through the relative humidity sensor 10;
drawing a conductivity-salt solution concentration relation curve based on a plurality of groups of salt solutions 18 with different concentrations and corresponding conductivity data, and fitting based on the conductivity-salt solution concentration relation curve to obtain a conductivity-salt solution concentration relation function;
drawing a relative humidity and salt solution concentration relation curve based on a plurality of groups of salt solutions 18 with different concentrations and corresponding relative humidity data, and fitting based on the relative humidity and salt solution concentration relation curve to obtain a relative humidity and salt solution concentration relation function;
acquiring target relative humidity set by a user through a data input module, and acquiring target salt solution concentration corresponding to the target relative humidity based on the target relative humidity and a relation function between the relative humidity and the salt solution concentration;
obtaining a target conductivity corresponding to the target salt solution concentration based on the relationship function of the target salt solution concentration and the relative humidity and the salt solution concentration;
the measured conductivity of the salt solution 18 in the environment chamber 8 is obtained through the conductivity sensor 13, and the salt supplementing mechanism or the water supplementing mechanism is controlled to adjust the concentration of the salt solution in the environment chamber 8 according to the comparison result of the measured conductivity and the target conductivity until the difference value between the measured conductivity and the target conductivity is smaller than a preset value, wherein the preset value can be 0.005.
In this embodiment, after the difference between the measured conductivity and the target conductivity is smaller than the preset value by adjusting the salt solution concentration in the environmental chamber 8, the relative humidity in the environmental chamber 8 gradually changes toward the target relative humidity, in this process, the salt solution 18 in the environmental chamber 8 evaporates or absorbs water to cause the salt solution concentration to change slightly, the difference between the measured conductivity and the target conductivity increases, and after the difference increases to be greater than or equal to the preset value, the salt solution concentration is adjusted again by the salt supplementing mechanism or the water supplementing mechanism until the difference between the measured conductivity and the target conductivity is smaller than the preset value, and the relative humidity of the environmental chamber 8 is stable and no more changes.
In this example, when the difference between the measured conductivity and the target conductivity is smaller than the preset value and the relative humidity of the environmental chamber 8 is stable, the current salt solution concentration of the salt solution 18 in the environmental chamber 8 is equal to or smaller than the target salt solution concentration, and the current relative humidity in the environmental chamber 8 is equal to or smaller than the target relative humidity.
As shown in fig. 2, the soil deformation and soil water property test method using the soil deformation and soil water property test device in this embodiment includes the following steps:
s1, preparation before test.
S11, determining 18 types of salt solutions according to requirements, wherein in the example, a lithium bromide salt solution is taken as an example, and the lithium bromide salt solution can provide a relative humidity range of 7.75% -100% under the condition of room temperature (20 ℃).
S12, determining a relation function of the relative humidity and the salt solution concentration.
And closing the saline solution flow control valve 16 and the distilled water flow control valve 17, pouring the prepared supersaturated lithium bromide saline solution and distilled water into a salt supplementing mechanism and a water supplementing mechanism, controlling the distilled water flow control valve 17 to inject distilled water into the environment chamber 8 through the data acquisition and processing system 4, starting the stirrer 15 to stir fully, and reading the relative humidity value of the environment chamber 8 through the relative humidity sensor 10 after the relative humidity of the environment chamber 8 is stable.
The salt solution injection amount of the salt supplementing mechanism into the environmental chamber 8 is regulated by the data acquisition and processing system 4, so that salt solution concentrations of 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.7mol/L and supersaturated salt solution are respectively formed in the environmental chamber 8, and after the relative temperature and humidity of the environmental chamber 8 are stable, the relative humidity data under the concentration of each salt solution are read.
And drawing different relative humidity and salt solution concentration relation curves according to the relative humidity data corresponding to the salt solution concentrations, as shown in fig. 3.
Fitting according to a relative humidity and salt solution concentration relation curve to obtain a relative humidity and salt solution concentration relation function, wherein the relative humidity and salt solution concentration relation function is as follows:RH= 107.89n 3 - 260.78n 2 + 7.5096n + 98.559 （1）
where RH is the relative humidity of the ambient chamber 8, n is the salt solution concentration, and the correlation coefficient is 0.998.
S13, determining a relation function of the conductivity and the salt solution concentration.
In step S12, when the salt solution concentration in the environmental chamber 8 is 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.7, respectively, the conductivities of lithium bromide salt solutions with different concentrations in the environmental chamber 8 are tested, and the relationship between the conductivities and the salt solution concentrations is plotted, as shown in fig. 4.
Fitting to obtain a relation function of the conductivity and the lithium bromide salt solution concentration according to a relation curve of the conductivity and the salt solution concentration, wherein the relation function is as follows:σ= -547.57n 3 - 289.6n 2 + 621.4n + 17.605 （2）
wherein sigma is the conductivity of the salt solution 18, n is the concentration of the salt solution, and the correlation coefficient is 0.995.
S2, a user puts the saturated sample 6 into the environment chamber 8, and sets the target relative humidity of the environment chamber 8 for sequentially testing to be 100%, 95%, 90%, 85%, 60%, 40%, 20% and 7.75% through the data acquisition and processing system 4, and opens the constant-temperature water tank 14 to control the temperature in the environment chamber 8 to be constant at 20 ℃.
S3, the data acquisition and processing system 4 obtains the concentration of the salt solution by back calculation according to the target relative humidity and the formula (1), and obtains the target conductivity of the salt solution according to the concentration of the salt solution and the formula (2)σ c 。
S4, the data acquisition and processing system 4 measures the conductivity of the salt solution 18 in the environment chamber 8 through the conductivity sensor 13 to obtain the measured conductivityσ t 。
S5, comparing the target conductivity of the salt solution 18 by the data acquisition and processing system 4σ c Measured conductivity with salt solution 18σ t And at the target conductivityσ c And actually measured conductivityσ t When the difference value is smaller than the preset value, the step is switched to, and the target conductivity is obtainedσ c And actually measured conductivityσ t And when the difference value is greater than or equal to the preset value, turning to step S6.
S6, the data acquisition and processing system 4 acquires and processes the data according to the actual measured conductivityσ t And (2) reversely calculating to obtain the current salt solution concentration of the salt solution in the environment chamber 8, and comparing the current salt solution concentration with the target salt solution concentration.
When the current salt solution concentration is greater than the target salt solution concentration, the distilled water flow control valve 17 is controlled to be opened to reduce the salt solution concentration in the environment chamber 8 until the target conductivity is caused by the change of the salt solution concentrationσ c And actually measured conductivityσ t The difference is less than a preset value.
When the front salt solution concentration is less than the target salt solution concentration, the salt solution flow control valve 16 is controlled to open to increase the salt solution concentration in the environmental chamber 8 until the target conductivity is caused by the salt solution concentration changeσ c And actually measured conductivityσ t The difference is less than a preset value.
Because the conductivity and the concentration of the salt solution 18 are not in a monotonic one-to-one correspondence, the salt solution concentration needs to be determined by combining the current measured relative humidity, for example, the target relative humidity is 75%, the corresponding salt solution concentration is about 0.3, if the measured conductivity is 130uS/cm, two values corresponding to the current salt solution concentration are obtained according to the formula (2), one value is about 0.25, and the other value is about 0.65, at this time, the current salt solution concentration needs to be calculated by combining the measured value of the relative humidity of the current environment chamber 8 and the formula (1), the calculation results of the formulas (1) and (2) are combined, the accurate value of the current salt solution concentration is obtained, the relationship between the current salt solution concentration and the target concentration is further determined, and the salt solution or distilled water is added to prepare the target salt solution concentration.
And S7, collecting test data after the salt solution concentration reaches a target value, setting an image collecting time interval, collecting image data every half hour, and considering that the relative humidity of the environmental chamber 8 of the stage reaches balance when the mass of the sample 6 changes by 0.01g within two hours, so as to complete the test under the relative humidity.
And S8, after the test under the relative humidity is completed, the test of the relative humidity of the next stage in the step S2 is carried out, and the steps S3-S7 are repeated until the test is finished.
S9, calculating the total suction force of the sample 6 under different relative humidity by using a kelvin equation (3) in the formulaIs the total suction force of the sample 6,RIs a constant gas,TTemperature of Kelvin>Specific volume of water>The total suction calculated for the molar mass of water is the sample 6 matrix suction and a suction-concentration curve can be plotted as shown in figure 5.
（3）
And S10, completing relative humidity tests at different levels, and drawing a soil-water characteristic curve of the sample 6, as shown in FIG. 6. Different levels of relative humidity tests were completed and the shrinkage characteristic curves of sample 6 were plotted as shown in figure 7. The swelling deformation and soil-water characteristic curve of the test in the hygroscopic process can be tested by adopting a method of increasing the relative humidity step by step.
Example 2: the embodiment is a soil body deformation and soil water characteristic test device under single salt solution humidity control, includes: environmental chamber 8, salt compensation mechanism, moisturizing mechanism, put appearance platform, monitoring mechanism, conductivity sensor 13, temperature adjustment mechanism, temperature sensor 9 and data acquisition and processing system 4 etc..
In this example, the environmental chamber 8 is a closed chamber formed by bonding acrylic plates, a threaded interface is reserved on the side wall and the top plate of the environmental chamber 8, and the interior of the environmental chamber 8 can be connected with peripheral equipment through an aviation connector. The environment chamber 8 is divided into an upper part and a lower part by a porous partition plate 12, the salt solution 18 can be stored in the lower part, a sample placing platform for placing the sample 6 is arranged on the porous partition plate 12, and the partition plate holes on the porous partition plate 12 are used for the relative humidity air circulation formed by the salt solution 18.
In this embodiment, a stirrer 15 is disposed at the bottom of the environmental chamber 8, and the stirrer 15 is electrically connected to the data acquisition and processing system 4, where the stirrer 15 is used to accelerate the uniform dissolution of the solute in the salt solution 18 in the environmental chamber 8.
The salt supplementing mechanism in this embodiment has a supersaturated salt solution container 1 for containing salt solution 18, where the supersaturated salt solution container 1 is connected to the lower half of the environment chamber 8 through a water pipe equipped with a salt solution flow control valve 16, and is used for supplementing salt solution 18 into the environment chamber 8 under the control of the salt solution flow control valve 16, so as to increase the salt solution concentration in the environment chamber 8.
In this example, a salt solution filter screen 2 is arranged at the water outlet at the bottom of the supersaturated salt solution container 1, and in order to prevent salt crystals from blocking the water pipe, a filter screen is arranged at the bottom of the container to filter the salt crystals.
The water replenishing mechanism is provided with a distilled water container 3 for containing distilled water, and the distilled water container 3 is communicated with the lower half part in the environment chamber 8 through a water pipe provided with a distilled water flow control valve 17 and is used for replenishing distilled water into the environment chamber 8 under the control of the distilled water flow control valve 17 so as to reduce the salt solution concentration in the environment chamber 8.
In this embodiment, the saline solution flow control valve 16 and the distilled water flow control valve 17 are mass flow controllers, the mass control accuracy is 0.05g, and the saline solution flow controllers and the distilled water flow controllers are connected with the data acquisition and processing system 4, and the relative humidity in the environmental chamber 8 is rapidly controlled by adjusting the consumption of the saline solution and the distilled water according to the difference between the current solution concentration and the target concentration calculated by the conductivity and the relative humidity of the solution acquired by the data acquisition and processing system 4.
The monitoring mechanism in the embodiment comprises an electronic balance 7 and a digital image acquisition system, wherein the electronic balance 7 is used as a sample placing platform and is arranged on a baffle plate 12 with holes, the measuring range of the electronic balance 7 is 160mg-120g, the measuring precision is 0.1mg, and the electronic balance 7 is connected with the data acquisition and processing system 4 to acquire mass data of a sample 6 in real time.
The digital image acquisition system in the embodiment comprises two high-precision cameras 5 which are connected with a data acquisition and processing system 4 in a circuit manner, the two high-precision cameras are respectively erected at fixed positions of two different sides of an environmental chamber 8, camera image acquisition frequency is set through the data acquisition and processing system 4, deformation images of the moisture absorption process of the sample 6 are automatically acquired, and indexes such as the volume strain of the sample 6 are calculated.
In this embodiment, the conductivity sensor 13 is installed at the lower part of the environment chamber 8, and is electrically connected to the data acquisition and processing system 4, so as to measure the conductivity of the salt solution 18 contained in the environment chamber 8. The conductivity sensor 13 is InLabTM731 graphite electrode, and the conductivity constant Q=0.57 is obtained after standard liquid calibration, the measuring range is 0.01-1000mS/cm, and the relative error is 0.5%.
In the embodiment, the temperature sensor 9 is installed in the environmental chamber 8 and is in circuit connection with the data acquisition and processing system 4, and is used for measuring the temperature in the environmental chamber 8, the temperature measuring range of the temperature sensor 9 is minus 35 ℃ to plus 80 ℃, and the temperature measuring precision is +/-1.5% of the measured value.
In this embodiment, a water storage chamber is provided in the side wall of the environmental chamber 8. The temperature adjusting mechanism is provided with a constant temperature water tank 14 which can heat the temperature control solution 11 (such as saline solution) to a specified temperature, and the constant temperature water tank 14 is communicated with the water storage chamber through a water pipe. The constant-temperature water tank 14 is communicated with the water storage cavity in the side wall of the environment chamber 8, the constant-temperature water tank 14 circularly flows in the cavity of the side wall of the environment chamber 8, the temperature control of the environment chamber 8 is realized, the temperature control range of the constant-temperature water tank 14 is-40 ℃ to +100 ℃, and the precision is 0.05 ℃.
The data acquisition and processing system 4 in this embodiment is provided with a data input module and a display module, and is connected with a saline solution flow control valve 16, a distilled water flow control valve 17, a conductivity sensor 13, a temperature sensor 9, a constant temperature water tank 14, an electronic balance 7, a digital image acquisition system and other circuits.
The data acquisition and processing system 4 in this example is configured to:
acquiring target relative humidity set by a user through a data input module, and acquiring target salt solution concentration corresponding to the target relative humidity based on the target relative humidity and a preset relative humidity and salt solution concentration relation function;
obtaining a target conductivity corresponding to the target salt solution concentration based on the target salt solution concentration and a preset relationship function between the conductivity and the salt solution concentration;
the measured conductivity of the salt solution 18 in the environment chamber 8 is obtained through the conductivity sensor 13, and the salt supplementing mechanism or the water supplementing mechanism is controlled to adjust the concentration of the salt solution in the environment chamber 8 according to the comparison result of the measured conductivity and the target conductivity until the difference value between the measured conductivity and the target conductivity is smaller than a preset value.
The soil deformation and soil water characteristic test method by using the soil deformation and soil water characteristic test device in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1, determining 18 types of salt solutions according to requirements, wherein in the example, a lithium bromide salt solution is taken as an example, and the lithium bromide salt solution can provide a relative humidity range of 7.75% -100% under the condition of room temperature (20 ℃).
S2, a user puts the saturated sample 6 into the environment chamber 8, sets the target relative humidity of the experiment to be carried out in the environment chamber 8 for the next time to be 100%, 95%, 90%, 85%, 60%, 40%, 20% and 7.75% through the data acquisition and processing system 4, and opens the constant-temperature water tank 14 to control the temperature in the environment chamber 8 to be constant at 20 ℃.
S3, the target relative humidity and the preset relative humidity and salt solution concentration relation function of the data acquisition and processing system 4 are reversely calculated to obtain the target salt solution concentration, and the target conductivity of the salt solution 18 is obtained according to the target salt solution concentration and the preset conductivity and salt solution concentration relation functionσ c 。
S4, the data acquisition and processing system 4 measures the conductivity of the salt solution 18 in the environment chamber 8 through the conductivity sensor 13 to obtain the measured conductivityσ t 。
S5, comparing the target conductivity of the salt solution 18 by the data acquisition and processing system 4σ c Measured conductivity with salt solution 18σ t And at the target conductivityσ c And actually measured conductivityσ t When the difference is smaller than the preset value, the step is transferred to S7, and the target conductivity is obtainedσ c And actually measured conductivityσ t And when the difference value is greater than or equal to the preset value, turning to step S6.
S6, the data acquisition and processing system 4 acquires and processes the data according to the actual measured conductivityσ t And reversely calculating a preset relation function of the conductivity and the salt solution concentration to obtain the current salt solution concentration of the salt solution in the environment chamber, and comparing the current salt solution concentration with the target salt solution concentration.
When the current salt solution concentration is greater than the target salt solution concentration, the distilled water flow control valve 17 is controlled to be opened to reduce the salt solution concentration in the environment chamber 8 until the target conductivity is caused by the change of the salt solution concentrationσ c And actually measured conductivityσ t The difference is less than a preset value.
When the front salt solution concentration is less than the target salt solution concentration, the salt solution flow control valve 16 is controlled to open to increase the salt solution concentration in the environmental chamber 8 until the target conductivity is caused by the salt solution concentration changeσ c And actually measured conductivityσ t The difference is less than a preset value.
And S7, collecting test data after the salt solution concentration reaches a target value, setting an image collecting time interval, collecting image data every half hour, and considering that the relative humidity of the environmental chamber 8 of the stage reaches balance when the mass of the sample 6 changes by 0.01g within two hours, so as to complete the test under the relative humidity.
And S8, after the test under a certain relative humidity is completed, performing the test of the next-stage relative humidity in the step S2, and repeating the steps S3-S7 until the test is finished.
S9, calculating the total suction force of the sample 6 under different relative humidity through a kelvin equation, wherein the calculated total suction force is the matrix suction force of the sample 6, and a suction force-concentration curve can be drawn.
And S10, completing different-level relative humidity tests, and drawing a soil-water characteristic curve of the sample 6. The relative humidity tests at different levels were completed and the shrinkage characteristic curve of sample 6 was plotted. The swelling deformation and soil-water characteristic curve of the test in the hygroscopic process can be tested by adopting a method of increasing the relative humidity step by step.
Claims (12)
1. The soil deformation and soil water characteristic test device under the control of single saline solution humidity is characterized by comprising an environment chamber (8), wherein the lower inner half part of the environment chamber (8) is used for containing saline solution (18) and is provided with a conductivity sensor (13), the upper inner half part of the environment chamber (8) is provided with a sample placing platform through a bracket, a monitoring mechanism for measuring sample data on the sample placing platform is arranged corresponding to the sample placing platform, and the environment chamber (8) is connected with a salt supplementing mechanism and a water supplementing mechanism; the salt supplementing mechanism, the water supplementing mechanism and the conductivity sensor (13) are in circuit connection with the data acquisition and processing system (4), and the data acquisition and processing system (4) is provided with a data input module;
the data acquisition and processing system (4) is configured to: acquiring target relative humidity set by a user through a data input module, and obtaining target salt solution concentration based on the target relative humidity and a relation function between the relative humidity and the salt solution concentration; obtaining a target conductivity based on the target salt solution concentration and a relationship function between the conductivity and the salt solution concentration; the measured conductivity of the salt solution (18) in the environment chamber (8) is obtained through the conductivity sensor (13), and the salt supplementing mechanism or the water supplementing mechanism is controlled to adjust the concentration of the salt solution in the environment chamber (8) according to the comparison result of the measured conductivity and the target conductivity until the difference value between the measured conductivity and the target conductivity is smaller than a preset value.
2. The soil body deformation and soil water characteristic test device under single saline solution humidity control according to claim 1, further comprising:
the temperature sensor (9) is arranged in the environment chamber (8) and is in circuit connection with the data acquisition and processing system (4) and can be used for measuring the temperature in the environment chamber (8);
the temperature adjusting mechanism is arranged on the environment chamber (8), is in circuit connection with the data acquisition and processing system (4), and can be matched with the temperature sensor (9) to adjust the temperature in the environment chamber (8).
3. The soil deformation and soil water characteristic test device under single saline solution humidity control according to claim 2, wherein: a water storage cavity is arranged in the side wall of the environment chamber (8); the temperature regulating mechanism is provided with a constant-temperature water tank (14) capable of heating the temperature control solution (11) to a specified temperature, and the constant-temperature water tank (14) is communicated with the water storage chamber through a water pipe.
4. The soil deformation and soil water characteristic test device under single saline solution humidity control according to claim 1, wherein: the salt supplementing mechanism is provided with a supersaturated salt solution container (1) for containing salt solution, the supersaturated salt solution container (1) is communicated with the lower half part in the environment chamber (8) through a water pipe provided with a salt solution flow control valve (16), and the salt solution flow control valve (16) is in circuit connection with the data acquisition and processing system (4).
5. The soil deformation and soil water characteristic test device under single saline solution humidity control according to claim 4, wherein: a salt solution filter screen (2) is arranged corresponding to the water outlet of the supersaturated salt solution container (1).
6. The soil deformation and soil water characteristic test device under single saline solution humidity control according to claim 1, wherein: the water replenishing mechanism is provided with a distilled water container (3) for containing distilled water, the distilled water container (3) is communicated with the lower half part in the environment chamber (8) through a water pipe provided with a distilled water flow control valve (17), and the distilled water flow control valve (17) is in circuit connection with the data acquisition and processing system (4).
7. The soil deformation and soil water characteristic test device under single saline solution humidity control according to claim 1, wherein: the monitoring mechanism comprises an electronic balance (7) serving as the sample placing platform and used for measuring the weight of the sample (6), and a plurality of high-precision cameras (5) which are arranged around the sample placing platform and used for collecting images of the sample (6) on the sample placing platform.
8. The soil deformation and soil water characteristic test device under single saline solution humidity control according to claim 1, wherein: an agitator (15) is arranged at the bottom in the environment chamber (8), and the agitator (15) is in circuit connection with the data acquisition and processing system (4).
9. The soil deformation and soil water characteristic test device under single saline solution humidity control according to claim 1, wherein: the support is provided with a perforated partition board (12), and the interior of the environment chamber (8) is divided into an upper part and a lower part by the perforated partition board (12).
10. The soil deformation and soil water characteristic test device under single saline solution humidity control according to claim 1, wherein:
when the salt solution (18) is a lithium bromide salt solution, the relative humidity as a function of salt solution concentration is:
RH= 107.89n 3 - 260.78n 2 + 7.5096n + 98.559
in the method, in the process of the invention,RHis the relative humidity in the ambient chamber (8),nis the salt solution concentration.
11. The soil deformation and soil water characteristic test device under single saline solution humidity control according to claim 1, wherein:
when the salt solution (18) is a lithium bromide salt solution, the conductivity as a function of salt solution concentration is:
σ= -547.57n 3 - 289.6n 2 + 621.4n + 17.605
in the method, in the process of the invention,σfor the conductivity of the salt solution (18),nis the salt solution concentration.
12. The soil deformation and soil water characteristic test device under single saline solution humidity control according to claim 1, wherein: the upper part in the environment chamber (8) is provided with a relative humidity sensor (10),
the data acquisition and processing system (4) is further configured to:
controlling the injection amount of each of the salt supplementing mechanism and the water supplementing mechanism into the environmental chamber (8) so as to form a salt solution (18) with a specified concentration in the environmental chamber (8); acquiring the conductivity of the salt solution (18) in the environmental chamber (8) through a conductivity sensor (13), and acquiring the relative humidity in the environmental chamber (8) through a relative humidity sensor (10); drawing a relation curve between the conductivity and the salt solution concentration based on a plurality of groups of salt solutions (18) with different concentrations and corresponding conductivity data, and fitting the relation curve between the conductivity and the salt solution concentration based on the relation curve between the conductivity and the salt solution concentration to obtain a relation function between the conductivity and the salt solution concentration; based on a plurality of groups of salt solutions (18) with different concentrations and corresponding relative humidity data, a relative humidity and salt solution concentration relation curve is drawn, and based on the relative humidity and salt solution concentration relation curve fitting, a relative humidity and salt solution concentration relation function is obtained.
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