CN116733424B - Multifunctional integrated intelligent oil-sampling integrated equipment - Google Patents
Multifunctional integrated intelligent oil-sampling integrated equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN116733424B CN116733424B CN202311020214.0A CN202311020214A CN116733424B CN 116733424 B CN116733424 B CN 116733424B CN 202311020214 A CN202311020214 A CN 202311020214A CN 116733424 B CN116733424 B CN 116733424B
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 43
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 35
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B17/00—Hoistway equipment
- B66B17/02—Hoistway equipment mounted in head-frames
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B15/00—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts
- E21B15/003—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts adapted to be moved on their substructure, e.g. with skidding means; adapted to drill a plurality of wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
- E21B19/02—Rod or cable suspensions
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
- E21B19/16—Connecting or disconnecting pipe couplings or joints
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
- E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
- E21B43/126—Adaptations of down-hole pump systems powered by drives outside the borehole, e.g. by a rotary or oscillating drive
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/18—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast
Abstract
The application belongs to the field of oilfield oil extraction equipment, and particularly relates to multifunctional integrated intelligent oil-taking integrated equipment, which comprises a base, a derrick, a main roller, a belt, a counterweight and a motor, wherein a mechanical arm assembly is arranged on the front side of the derrick; the mechanical arm assembly comprises two transverse plankers, two vertical plankers, a mounting plate and a hydraulic clamping device, wherein the two transverse plankers are respectively and fixedly arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the derrick, and a screw rod is arranged on each transverse planker; the vertical carriage is vertically arranged, the upper part and the lower part of the vertical carriage are respectively in sliding fit with the upper transverse carriage and the lower transverse carriage, and the vertical carriage can transversely move along the length direction of the transverse carriage under the drive of the screw rod. By applying the technical scheme of the application, the problems of additional economic loss and trouble caused by the defect of the using function of the currently used tower type pumping unit can be thoroughly solved, and the application has perfect functional design and extremely high safety, practicability, operability and economy.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the field of oilfield oil extraction equipment, and particularly relates to multifunctional integrated intelligent oil sampling integrated equipment.
Background
The oil pumping unit type is used in the market circulation at present, so that the application of the oil pumping unit type is mostly beam-pumping type, the requirements of development planning along with quality improvement and synergy of enterprises in recent years are met, the type of the tower type small-stroke oil pumping unit is sequentially put forward, the operation function of the tower type small-stroke oil pumping unit type is not changed practically and the aim of enhancing the efficiency is obviously achieved, and due to the specificity of oil extraction environment and working conditions, the problem that how to improve the energy efficiency of oil extraction equipment and reduce the daily maintenance cost is needed to solve at present is solved under the condition of the existing oil pumping unit, and the main problem which is bound for the energy conservation and high efficiency development of enterprises for a long time is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The application designs multifunctional integrated intelligent oil-sampling integrated equipment, and aims to realize intelligent integrated multifunctional efficient operation, improve oil extraction efficiency from the source and effectively reduce daily production, operation and maintenance costs of oilfield enterprises.
The technical problems solved by the application are realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a multi-functional integrated intelligent oil-taking integrated device, includes ground base, derrick, main cylinder, belt, balancing weight and motor, and the base is installed on ground base, and the bottom fixed connection of derrick is on the base, and the top of derrick is provided with the top platform, the main cylinder all rotates and installs on the top platform, the balancing weight is installed on the derrick and can slide from top to bottom along the derrick, one end and the balancing weight fixed connection of belt, the other end of belt is walked around the top of main cylinder in proper order, is connected with the sucker rod, and during operation, the belt reciprocates under the drive of motor to make the sucker rod reciprocate from top to bottom;
a mechanical arm assembly is arranged on the front side of the derrick;
the mechanical arm assembly comprises two transverse plankers, two vertical plankers, a mounting plate and a hydraulic clamping device, wherein the two transverse plankers are respectively and fixedly arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the derrick, and a screw rod is arranged on each transverse planker; the vertical carriage is vertically arranged, the upper part and the lower part of the vertical carriage are respectively in sliding fit with the upper transverse carriage and the lower transverse carriage, and the vertical carriage can transversely move along the length direction of the transverse carriage under the drive of the lead screw; the vertical carriage is provided with a chain transmission mechanism consisting of a second chain and corresponding chain wheels, the mounting plate is fixedly arranged on the second chain and can vertically move along the length direction of the vertical carriage under the drive of the second chain, and the hydraulic clamping device is fixedly arranged on the mounting plate.
As a preferable scheme, the output shaft of the motor is connected with a speed reduction transmission, and the output shaft of the speed reduction transmission is in power connection with the main roller on the top platform through a chain transmission mechanism consisting of a first chain and a corresponding chain wheel.
Preferably, the motor and the reduction gearbox are both arranged on the base.
Preferably, the top platform is further provided with a hydraulic tower crane.
As a preferable scheme, a personnel elevator is arranged at the rear side of the derrick;
the personnel elevator comprises an elevator slideway and an elevator basket, wherein the elevator slideway is vertically arranged on a derrick, a chain transmission mechanism consisting of a third chain and a corresponding chain wheel is arranged on the elevator slideway, and the elevator basket is fixedly arranged on the third chain and can vertically move along the elevator slideway under the drive of the third chain.
As the preferable scheme, ground base with base sliding fit is provided with the pneumatic cylinder between ground base and the base, after the pneumatic cylinder is started, under the drive of pneumatic cylinder, the base together with the derrick of fixing on it can remove on ground base.
Preferably, a reversing mechanism is arranged in the speed reduction transmission, and the reversing mechanism enables the output shaft of the speed reduction transmission to be repeatedly switched between forward rotation and reverse rotation.
Preferably, a video monitoring device is mounted on the top platform.
As a preferable scheme, the main roller is a component and comprises a driving shaft, a middle sliding shaft, a driven shaft, a left support leg, a right support leg, a supporting sleeve and an outer cylinder;
the driving shaft, the middle sliding shaft and the driven shaft are sequentially arranged in sequence, the axes of the driving shaft, the middle sliding shaft and the driven shaft are coincident, the driving shaft and the middle sliding shaft are in sliding fit through a spline, and the middle sliding shaft and the driven shaft are in sliding fit;
one end of the supporting sleeve is fixedly connected with the left support leg, and the other end of the supporting sleeve is arranged at the outer side of the driven shaft through a bearing;
one end of the outer cylinder is arranged at the outer side of the end part of the supporting sleeve through a bearing, and the other end of the outer cylinder is arranged on the right supporting leg through a bearing and is fixedly connected with the driven shaft;
a support sleeve comprising a small diameter section and a large diameter section;
the inner side of the small-diameter section is provided with a sliding sleeve, and the sliding sleeve can axially slide on the inner wall of the small-diameter section and cannot rotate relative to the small-diameter section; the sliding block is arranged on the inner side of the sliding sleeve, can axially slide on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve and cannot rotate relative to the sliding sleeve; the sliding block is arranged at the outer side of the reciprocating thread and can axially reciprocate at the outer side of the driving shaft under the guidance of the reciprocating thread; one end part of the sliding sleeve is clamped with one end part of the middle sliding shaft, and after the clamping, the middle sliding shaft can synchronously slide with the sliding sleeve and smoothly and relatively rotate;
the inside of the large-diameter section is provided with a forward gear, a reverse gear, a first fluted disc, an intermediate gear, a gear shaft and a second fluted disc, wherein the forward gear and the reverse gear are fixedly arranged on the outer side of the intermediate sliding shaft, the first fluted disc and the intermediate gear are arranged on the gear shaft and can rotate around the gear shaft, and the second fluted disc is fixedly connected on the driven shaft; when the middle sliding shaft slides in a left-right reciprocating mode, the middle sliding shaft can be alternately meshed with the forward gear and the reverse gear, and the middle gear is meshed with the second fluted disc.
As the preferable scheme, be provided with a spring respectively between the both ends of sliding sleeve and the slider in the inboard of sliding sleeve, correspondingly, the outside at sliding sleeve both ends all is provided with the bulb plunger, and the bulb of bulb plunger protrusion is in the surface of sliding sleeve, the inboard of minor diameter section is provided with the sphere recess that matches with the bulb of bulb plunger.
The beneficial effects of the application are as follows:
1. the application creatively utilizes the structure of the derrick as a support, and the mechanical arm assembly is arranged at the front side of the derrick for disassembling and assembling the wellhead oil pumping pipe, thereby omitting the procedures of additionally providing heavy machinery and disassembling and moving the derrick, greatly saving equipment and labor cost and improving the working efficiency.
2. In order to solve the problems that in the prior art, the interval in the low-yield well oil pipe is excessively long in withdrawal stopping time, so that the paraffin precipitation starting resistance is excessively high, and the burning loss motor cannot be started, an original reduction gearbox is improved to be a reduction gearbox, and compared with a traditional reduction gearbox, the reduction gearbox can change the transmission ratio, namely gear shifting. When the oil pumping unit is stopped and started, the gear of the speed reduction transmission is regulated down, so that the speed reduction ratio of the speed reduction transmission is increased, the output rotating speed is reduced, the output torque is increased, and the oil pumping unit is switched to normal rotating speed operation after being started and running normally. Therefore, the problem of motor burning caused by difficult wax deposition and starting for a long time when the pumping is stopped can be avoided, the service life of electric elements is effectively ensured, the oil extraction is improved, and the equipment investment and the labor cost are greatly reduced.
3. According to the application, the oil extraction and daily maintenance integrated functional design is adopted, and the hydraulic tower crane is arranged on the top platform of the derrick, so that the hoisting maintenance operation is facilitated, and the cost and labor cost waste of additionally arranging large hoisting equipment are saved. Meanwhile, the components such as the belt and the counterweight can be safely replaced and maintained by utilizing the tower crane function at any time in cooperation with manpower, so that the safety protection function is improved, and the potential safety hazard of safety accidents and unnecessary hoisting cost are reduced.
4. The application sets the personnel elevator for transporting personnel, improves the safety performance of high-altitude operation in the special environment of the well site, namely the safety guarantee function, reduces the risk of manual climbing in the severe cold weather environment, and improves the safety operation guarantee capability and the working efficiency.
5. According to the application, the hydraulic cylinder for enabling the derrick to move forwards and backwards is arranged between the ground base and the base, and the base and the derrick can translate on the ground base under the pushing of the hydraulic device, so that the derrick does not need to be dismantled during underground operation, a convenient space condition is created for wellhead maintenance, and the equipment investment and maintenance cost are greatly reduced.
6. In order to solve the problem that the electric appliance elements are burnt out due to overload of frequent turning actions of the motor, the application adopts the gearbox with the reversing function, and the motor only needs to run in a single direction by periodically switching the rotation direction of the main roller without frequent reversing, so that the service life of the electric appliance control elements is prolonged, and the daily maintenance production cost is reduced.
7. The application also provides a mechanical automatic reversing mechanism which is arranged in the main roller, and after the motor is started, the main roller can periodically and automatically switch forward rotation and reverse rotation, and the motor can also only operate in a single direction without frequent reversing, so that the aim of protecting an electric control element is fulfilled.
8. As a further improvement of the intelligent integrated multifunctional oil extraction integrated equipment, a 360-degree rotation monitoring device is arranged at the top of the intelligent integrated multifunctional oil extraction integrated equipment for mastering the conditions of the platform roller and the belt at any time, so that the problems can be found out in time, the equipment operation guarantee capability and the production energy efficiency are improved, and the accident rate and the cost are reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the mechanical arm assembly in the view direction a in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a main drum and a main drum driving mechanism in a second embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the internal structure of the small diameter section in fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the reciprocating screw thread on the outside of the driving shaft.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the power transmission mechanism between the motor and the main drum.
In the figure: 1. a ground base; 2. a base; 3. a hydraulic cylinder; 4. a motor; 5. a reduction transmission; 6. lifting the basket; 7. a counterweight; 8. a hoist slide; 9. a derrick; 10. a belt; 11. a top platform; 12. a hydraulic tower crane; 13. a main drum; 14. a driven roller; 15. a vertical carriage; 16. a sucker rod; 17. a hydraulic clamping device; 18. a wellhead; 19. a transverse carriage; 20. a screw rod; 21. a mounting plate; 22. a second chain; 23. a first chain; 24. a left support leg; 25. a driving shaft; 26. an outer cylinder; 27. a small diameter section; 28. a slide block; 29. a sliding sleeve; 30. a large diameter section; 31. a gear shaft; 32. an intermediate gear; 33. a first toothed disc; 34. a driven shaft; 35. a second toothed disc; 36. a right support leg; 37. a forward gear; 38. a middle sliding shaft; 39. a reversing gear; 40. a spline; 41. a reciprocating thread; 42. a spring; 43. ball plunger; 44. an intermediate transmission shaft; 45. bevel gears.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment includes a base 2, a derrick 9, a main drum 13, a belt 10, a counterweight 7, and a motor 4, and when installed, it is necessary to pre-form a ground base 1 on the ground, and then fixedly connect the base 2 to the ground base 1 by means of threaded fasteners. A hydraulic station may be provided in the base 2 to power the complete movement of the well pipe maintenance space. The bottom of derrick 9 is connected on base 2, and the top of derrick 9 is provided with top platform 11, main cylinder 13 all rotates and installs on top platform 11, balance weight 7 is installed on derrick 9 and can follow derrick 9 and slide from top to bottom, the one end and the balance weight 7 fixed connection of belt 10, the other end of belt 10 is walked around from the top of main cylinder 13 in proper order after, is connected with sucker rod 16. In operation, the belt 10 is driven by the motor 4 to reciprocate, so that the sucker rod reciprocates up and down.
In implementation, a driven roller 14 can be additionally arranged on the top platform 11, and the belt 10 is guided to be right above the wellhead 18 through the driven roller 14, so that the diameter of the main roller 13 can be made smaller, and the installation position of the main roller 13 is more flexible.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, a robotic arm assembly is mounted to the front side of the derrick 9. The device is used for disassembling and assembling the oil pumping pipe of the wellhead 18, omits the procedures of additionally providing heavy machinery and disassembling the movable derrick 9, greatly saves equipment and labor cost, and improves working efficiency.
The main function of the mechanical arm assembly is to lift or lower a tubing (or sucker rod 16) from or into the well, so that the mechanical arm assembly has the following basic functions: clamping tubing (or sucker rod 16), lifting tubing (or sucker rod 16), lowering tubing (or sucker rod 16), and releasing tubing (or sucker rod 16). As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, in order to achieve these functions, the mechanical arm assembly in this embodiment includes two transverse plankers 19, two vertical plankers 15, a mounting plate 21 and a hydraulic clamping device 17, where the two transverse plankers 19 are respectively and fixedly mounted on the upper part and the lower part of the derrick 9, and a screw 20 is provided on the transverse plankers 19; the vertical carriage 15 is vertically arranged, and the upper part and the lower part of the vertical carriage 15 are respectively in sliding fit with the upper transverse carriage 19 and the lower transverse carriage 19 and can transversely move along the length direction of the transverse carriage 19 under the drive of the lead screw 20; the vertical carriage 15 is provided with a chain transmission mechanism consisting of a second chain 22 and corresponding chain wheels, the mounting plate 21 is fixedly arranged on the second chain 22 and can vertically move along the length direction of the vertical carriage 15 under the drive of the second chain 22, and the hydraulic clamping device 17 is fixedly arranged on the mounting plate 21. In practice, the power for driving the screw 20 to rotate and the power for driving the mounting plate 21 to move up and down can be from the hydraulic motor or the electric machine 4.
It should be noted that the hydraulic clamping device 17 mainly performs the function of clamping and releasing the oil pipe or the sucker rod 16, and the hydraulic clamping device 17 for performing the clamping and releasing function is easy to find in the prior art, and the structure and principle thereof are relatively simple, so that the specific structure of the hydraulic clamping device 17 is not disclosed in the embodiment, but the clarity and the integrity of the technical scheme of the application are not affected, and the technical scheme of the application is not understood and implemented by those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, the output shaft of the motor 4 is connected with a speed reduction transmission 5, and the output shaft of the speed reduction transmission 5 is in power connection with the main roller 13 on the top platform 11 through a chain transmission mechanism consisting of a first chain 23 and a corresponding sprocket.
In practice, since the output shaft of the reduction gear 5 is perpendicular to the axis of the main drum 13 in fig. 1, it is necessary to provide gears on the power transmission path between the reduction gear 5 and the main drum 13 to change the transmission direction of the power. For ease of understanding, a schematic structural view of the transmission mechanism between the motor and the main drum is given in this embodiment. As shown in fig. 6, in this embodiment, the top platform 11 is provided with an intermediate transmission shaft 44, and the axis of the intermediate transmission shaft 44 is perpendicular to the axis of the sprocket at the upper end of the first chain 23 and parallel to the axis of the main drum 13; the intermediate transmission shaft 44 is in power connection with the rotating shaft of the main roller 13 through a chain transmission mechanism, a pair of bevel gears 45 are arranged between the chain wheel at the upper end of the first chain 23 and the intermediate transmission shaft 44, and the motion of the first chain 23 and the corresponding chain wheel is converted into the rotary motion of the intermediate transmission shaft 44 through the bevel gears 45, and then is converted into the rotary motion of the main roller 13 through the chain transmission mechanism.
The reduction gearbox 5 adopted in the application is similar to a gearbox in an automobile, has a speed reduction function and a speed change (commonly known as gear shifting) function, and compared with a traditional reduction gearbox, the reduction gearbox 5 can realize the change of the transmission ratio, namely gear shifting. When the oil pumping unit is stopped and started, the gear of the speed reduction transmission 5 is regulated down, so that the speed reduction ratio of the speed reduction transmission 5 is increased, the output rotating speed is reduced, the output torque is increased, and the oil pumping unit is switched to normal rotating speed operation after being started and operating normally. Therefore, the problem of burning loss of the motor 4 caused by difficult wax deposition and starting for a long time when the motor is stopped and pumped can be avoided, the service life of electric elements is effectively ensured, the oil extraction is improved, and the equipment investment and the labor cost are greatly reduced.
In practice, the motor 4 for driving the main drum 13 is prone to faults such as shaft sealing failure, bearing damage, winding short circuit and the like, so frequent maintenance and disassembly and repair are required, but in the prior art, the motor 4 for driving the main drum 13 is all installed on the top platform 11, the top platform 11 is more than ten meters from the ground, maintenance is quite laborious, and meanwhile, the motor 4 often weighs hundreds of jin, so that large equipment such as a crane is required to be used for maintaining and disassembling the motor 4. In this embodiment (as shown in fig. 1), the motor 4 and the reduction gearbox 5 are both arranged on the base 2, so that the motor 4 is easier to repair and maintain and has lower cost.
In implementation, the speed reducer can adopt an electric gear shifting or manual gear shifting mode, and the two gear shifting modes belong to the mature prior art, so that the description is omitted here.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a hydraulic tower crane 12 is further disposed on the top platform 11. The rotation of the boom of the hydraulic tower crane 12 can be realized by a hydraulic motor, the inclination angle adjustment of the boom of the hydraulic tower crane 12 can be realized by hydraulic pressure, and the winding and unwinding actions of the lifting rope of the hydraulic tower crane 12 can be realized by driving a winch by the hydraulic motor. The arrangement of the hydraulic tower crane 12 is beneficial to the hydraulic tower crane 12 to execute hoisting maintenance operation, and the cost and labor cost waste of additionally arranging large hoisting equipment are saved.
The application scenarios of the hydraulic tower crane 12 include: 1) After the downhole operation, the counterweight 7 is lifted to reconnect the belt 10 to the sucker rod 16; 2) When the lifting basket 6 fails to operate, the lifting basket 6 can be directly lifted by the hydraulic tower crane 12; 3) Used for hoisting the roller or the motor 4, and is convenient for maintenance or replacement.
As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, a personnel lift is provided on the rear side of the derrick 9. Compared with the traditional climbing mode, people and accessories are transported between the top platform 11 and the ground by using a personnel elevator, so that the safety performance of high-altitude operation under the special environment of a well site, namely the safety guarantee function, can be improved, the risk of manual climbing under the extremely cold weather environment is reduced, and the safety operation guarantee capability and the working efficiency are improved. In this embodiment, the personnel elevator comprises an elevator slideway 8 and an elevator basket 6, wherein the elevator slideway 8 is vertically installed on a derrick 9, a chain transmission mechanism consisting of a third chain (not shown in the figure) and a corresponding chain wheel is installed on the elevator slideway 8, and the elevator basket 6 is fixedly installed on the third chain and can vertically move along the elevator slideway 8 under the drive of the third chain. In practice, the power for the sprocket wheels here may come from a hydraulic motor or an electric machine 4.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the ground base 1 is slidably matched with the base 2, a hydraulic cylinder 3 is disposed between the ground base 1 and the base 2, and after the hydraulic cylinder 3 is started, the base 2 and the derrick 9 fixed thereon can move on the ground base 1 under the driving of the hydraulic cylinder 3, so that the derrick 9 does not need to be dismantled during downhole operation, a convenient space condition is created for maintaining the wellhead 18, and equipment investment and maintenance cost are greatly reduced.
In practice, a reversing mechanism is provided in the reduction gearbox 5, and the reversing mechanism enables the output shaft of the reduction gearbox 5 to be repeatedly switched between forward rotation and reverse rotation. By periodically switching the rotation direction of the main roller 13, the motor 4 only needs to operate in a single direction and does not need to be frequently commutated, so that the service life of the electric appliance control element is prolonged, and the daily maintenance production cost is reduced.
In implementation, the video monitoring device is arranged on the top platform 11, so that the problem can be found out in time, the equipment operation guarantee capability and the production energy efficiency are improved, and the accident rate and the cost are reduced.
Working principle:
1. principle of overall operation
When the oil pumping device works, the power output by the motor 4 is transmitted to the speed reduction transmission 5, the output shaft of the speed reduction transmission 5 transmits the power to the main roller 13 through the chain transmission mechanism, friction force is applied to the belt 10 when the main roller 13 rotates, and under the action of the friction force, the two ends of the belt 10 alternately reciprocate up and down, so that the oil pumping rod 16 and the balance weight 7 connected to the two ends of the belt 10 alternately ascend and descend, and oil pumping operation is realized.
2. Working principle of mechanical arm assembly
During normal production of the oil well, the vertical carriage 15 is located at the left limit position or the right limit position on the horizontal carriage 19, so that the movement of the belt 10 and the sucker rod 16 is prevented from being hindered, namely, mechanical interference is avoided.
When the oil outlet pipe (or the sucker rod 16) is started, the machine is stopped, the connection between the belt 10 and the sucker rod 16 is disconnected, and then the hydraulic cylinder 3 is started to enable the derrick 9 to translate in a direction away from the wellhead 18, so that an operation space is reserved above the wellhead 18; after the working space is yielded, driving the vertical carriage 15 to move left and right so that the jaw of the hydraulic clamping device 17 on the mounting plate 21 is right above the wellhead 18, and then driving the mounting plate 21 so that the hydraulic clamping device 17 on the mounting plate 21 moves downwards to the clamping position of the oil pipe (or the sucker rod 16) and clamps the oil pipe (or the sucker rod 16); after clamping, the mounting plate 21 is driven to move the hydraulic clamping device 17 upwards until the lower end of the single oil pipe (or the sucker rod 16) is lifted above the wellhead 18; then, the other oil pipe (or sucker rod 16) connected with the lower end of the clamped oil pipe (or sucker rod 16) is dismounted, and the clamped oil pipe (or sucker rod 16) is lowered and placed on the station.
The process of running into the tubing (or sucker rod 16) is the opposite of the process of running out of the tubing (or sucker rod 16), and will not be described in detail herein.
Example two
The present embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the main drum 13 is structurally different.
As shown in fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the main drum 13 is an assembly including a driving shaft 25, a middle sliding shaft 38, a driven shaft 34, a left leg 24, a right leg 36, a supporting sleeve, and an outer drum 26, wherein the outer surface of the outer drum 26 directly contacts the belt 10 and applies friction to the belt 10, and the left leg 24 and the right leg 36 serve to directly or indirectly mount the outer drum 26 on the top deck 11 to form a rotatable drum mechanism.
As shown in fig. 3, the driving shaft 25, the intermediate sliding shaft 38 and the driven shaft 34 are sequentially arranged in sequence, and the axes of the driving shaft 25, the intermediate sliding shaft 38 and the driven shaft 34 are coincident, and the driving shaft 25 and the intermediate sliding shaft 38 are in sliding fit through a spline 40, and the intermediate sliding shaft 38 and the driven shaft 34 are in sliding fit. One end of the supporting sleeve is fixedly connected with the left support leg 24, and the other end of the supporting sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the driven shaft 34 through a bearing; one end of the outer cylinder 26 is mounted outside the end of the support sleeve by a bearing, and the other end is mounted on the right leg 36 by a bearing and fixedly connected to the driven shaft 34. In the above structure, the supporting sleeve is fixed relative to the top platform 11, the outer cylinder 26 is rotatable, the driving shaft 25 and the intermediate sliding shaft 38 are synchronously rotated, and the driven shaft 34 and the outer cylinder 26 are synchronously rotated.
As shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, the support sleeve includes a small diameter section 27 and a large diameter section 30. A sliding sleeve 29 is arranged on the inner side of the small-diameter section 27, and the sliding sleeve 29 can axially slide on the inner wall of the small-diameter section 27 and cannot rotate relative to the small-diameter section 27; the sliding block 28 is arranged on the inner side of the sliding sleeve 29, and the sliding block 28 can axially slide on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 29 and cannot rotate relative to the sliding sleeve 29; the outside of the driving shaft 25 is provided with a reciprocating screw 41, and the slider 28 is mounted on the outside of the reciprocating screw 41. After the driving shaft 25 rotates unidirectionally, the sliding block 28 axially reciprocates in the axial direction of the driving shaft 25 under the guidance of the reciprocating screw 41, and each time the sliding block 28 moves to approach to both ends of the reciprocating screw 41, the sliding sleeve 29 is pushed to move a small distance, so that intermittent reciprocating sliding of the sliding sleeve 29 is realized.
As shown in fig. 3, one end of the sliding sleeve 29 is engaged with one end of the intermediate sliding shaft 38, and after the engagement, the intermediate sliding shaft 38 can intermittently reciprocate in synchronization with the sliding sleeve 29. It should be noted that it is necessary here to ensure that the sliding sleeve 29 and the intermediate sliding shaft 38 are able to rotate smoothly relative to each other, otherwise the transmission mechanism is not able to operate.
As shown in fig. 3, the large diameter section 30 is internally provided with a forward gear 37, a reverse gear 39, a first fluted disc 33, an intermediate gear 32, a gear shaft 31 and a second fluted disc 35, wherein the forward gear 37 and the reverse gear 39 are fixedly arranged on the outer side of the intermediate sliding shaft 38, the first fluted disc 33 and the intermediate gear 32 are respectively arranged on the gear shaft 31 and can rotate around the gear shaft 31, and the second fluted disc 35 is fixedly connected on the driven shaft 34; the intermediate gear 32 is engaged with the second toothed disc 35, and when the intermediate sliding shaft 38 slides back and forth, it can be alternately engaged with the forward gear 37 and the reverse gear 39, so that the forward and reverse rotation switching between the driven shaft 34 and the outer cylinder 26 can be realized under the condition that the rotation direction of the motor 4 is unchanged.
As shown in fig. 4, a spring 42 is disposed between each of two ends of the sliding sleeve 29 and the sliding block 28 on the inner side of the sliding sleeve 29, correspondingly, ball plungers 43 are disposed on the outer sides of two ends of the sliding sleeve 29, the balls of the ball plungers 43 protrude from the outer surface of the sliding sleeve 29, and spherical grooves matched with the balls of the ball plungers 43 are disposed on the inner side of the small-diameter section 27.
The purpose of the spring 42 and the ball plunger 43 is to shorten the switching speed of the engagement state of the forward gear 37 and the reverse gear 39 with the first toothed disc 33, thereby making the steering switching process of the outer tube 26 quicker and smoother, and further contributing to reduction of vibration and wear.
When the sliding block 28 moves to a position close to the end part of the sliding sleeve 29, the sliding sleeve 29 is firstly contacted with the spring 42 and is compressed, the sliding sleeve 29 is not driven by the accumulated elastic potential energy in the spring 42 immediately due to the limiting action of the ball plunger 43, but is kept still, when the spring 42 is compressed to the limit, or the accumulated elastic potential energy in the spring 42 is larger than the resistance force of the ball plunger 43 on the sliding sleeve 29, the ball on the ball plunger 43 slides out of the spherical groove, so that the sliding sleeve 29 breaks through the obstruction of the ball plunger 43 and moves instantly under the action of the elastic potential energy, and the meshing states of the forward gear 37 and the reverse gear 39 and the first fluted disc 33 are quickly switched.
It should be noted that, the ball plunger 43, also called an elastic plunger, is a well-used and mature prior art, and is commonly used in rod-shaped telescopic mechanisms such as a folding umbrella. And therefore will not be described in detail herein.
In the present embodiment, the main drum 13 operates on the principle:
when the driving shaft 25 rotates, the sliding block 28 reciprocates under the driving of the reciprocating screw 41, and intermittently and alternately pushes the sliding sleeve 29 leftwards and rightwards, so that the sliding sleeve 29 axially reciprocates, and the intermediate sliding shaft 38 also axially reciprocates under the driving of the sliding sleeve 29, so that the forward gear 37 and the reverse gear 39 are driven to be alternately meshed with the first fluted disc 33. Since the meshing points of the forward gear 37 and the reverse gear 39 with the first toothed disc 33 are respectively located at two ends of a certain diameter of the first toothed disc 33, the rotation directions of the first toothed disc 33 after meshing with the forward gear 37 and the reverse gear 39 are opposite, and the rotation directions of the driven shaft 34 and the outer cylinder 26 are switched.
In view of the foregoing, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations may be made of these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the application, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a multi-functional integration intelligence oil integrated equipment that adopts, includes ground base (1), base (2), derrick (9), main cylinder (13), belt (10), balanced heavy (7) and motor (4), and base (2) are installed on ground base (1), and the bottom fixed connection of derrick (9) is on base (2), and the top of derrick (9) is provided with top platform (11), main cylinder (13) rotate and install on top platform (11), balanced heavy (7) are installed on derrick (9) and can follow derrick (9) and slide from top to bottom, the one end and the balanced heavy (7) fixed connection of belt (10), and after the top of main cylinder (13) was walked around in proper order to the other end of belt (10) is connected with sucker rod (16), during operation, belt (10) reciprocate under the drive of motor (4) to make sucker rod (16) do reciprocating motion from top to bottom, its characterized in that:
a mechanical arm assembly is arranged on the front side of the derrick (9);
the mechanical arm assembly comprises two transverse plankers (19), two vertical plankers (15), two mounting plates (21) and two hydraulic clamping devices (17), wherein the two transverse plankers (19) are respectively and fixedly arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the derrick (9), and a screw rod (20) is arranged on the transverse plankers (19); the vertical carriage (15) is vertically arranged, and the upper part and the lower part of the vertical carriage (15) are respectively in sliding fit with the upper transverse carriage (19) and the lower transverse carriage (19) and can transversely move along the length direction of the transverse carriage (19) under the drive of the lead screw (20); the vertical carriage (15) is provided with a chain transmission mechanism consisting of a second chain (22) and corresponding chain wheels, the mounting plate (21) is fixedly arranged on the second chain (22) and can vertically move along the length direction of the vertical carriage (15) under the driving of the second chain (22), and the hydraulic clamping device (17) is fixedly arranged on the mounting plate (21);
the main roller (13) is a component and comprises a driving shaft (25), a middle sliding shaft (38), a driven shaft (34), a left support leg (24), a right support leg (36), a supporting sleeve and an outer cylinder (26);
the driving shaft (25), the intermediate sliding shaft (38) and the driven shaft (34) are sequentially arranged in sequence, the axes of the driving shaft (25) and the intermediate sliding shaft (38) are coincident, the driving shaft (25) and the intermediate sliding shaft (38) are in sliding fit through a spline (40), and the intermediate sliding shaft (38) and the driven shaft (34) are in sliding fit;
one end of the supporting sleeve is fixedly connected with the left support leg (24), and the other end of the supporting sleeve is arranged at the outer side of the driven shaft (34) through a bearing;
one end of the outer cylinder (26) is arranged outside the end part of the supporting sleeve through a bearing, and the other end of the outer cylinder is arranged on the right supporting leg (36) through a bearing and is fixedly connected with the driven shaft (34);
a support sleeve comprising a small diameter section (27) and a large diameter section (30);
a sliding sleeve (29) is arranged on the inner side of the small-diameter section (27), and the sliding sleeve (29) can axially slide on the inner wall of the small-diameter section (27) and cannot rotate relative to the small-diameter section (27); the inner side of the sliding sleeve (29) is provided with a sliding block (28), and the sliding block (28) can axially slide on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve (29) and cannot rotate relative to the sliding sleeve (29); the outer side of the driving shaft (25) is provided with a reciprocating thread (41), and the sliding block (28) is arranged at the outer side of the reciprocating thread (41) and can axially reciprocate at the outer side of the driving shaft (25) under the guidance of the reciprocating thread (41); one end part of the sliding sleeve (29) is clamped with one end part of the middle sliding shaft (38), and after the clamping, the middle sliding shaft (38) can synchronously slide with the sliding sleeve (29) and smoothly and relatively rotate;
the inside of the large-diameter section (30) is provided with a forward gear (37), a reverse gear (39), a first fluted disc (33), an intermediate gear (32), a gear shaft (31) and a second fluted disc (35), wherein the forward gear (37) and the reverse gear (39) are fixedly arranged on the outer side of the intermediate sliding shaft (38), the first fluted disc (33) and the intermediate gear (32) are arranged on the gear shaft (31) and can rotate around the gear shaft (31), and the second fluted disc (35) is fixedly connected on the driven shaft (34); when the intermediate sliding shaft (38) slides in a left-right reciprocating manner, the intermediate sliding shaft can be alternately meshed with a forward gear (37) and a reverse gear (39), and the intermediate gear (32) is meshed with the second fluted disc (35).
2. The multi-functional integrated intelligent oil-taking integrated device of claim 1, wherein: the output shaft of the motor (4) is connected with a speed reduction transmission (5), and the output shaft of the speed reduction transmission (5) is in power connection with a main roller (13) on the top platform (11) through a chain transmission mechanism consisting of a first chain (23) and a corresponding chain wheel.
3. The multi-functional integrated intelligent oil-taking integrated device of claim 2, wherein: the motor (4) and the speed reduction transmission (5) are arranged on the base (2).
4. The multi-functional integrated intelligent oil-taking integrated device of claim 1, wherein: the top platform (11) is also provided with a hydraulic tower crane (12).
5. The multi-functional integrated intelligent oil-taking integrated device of claim 1, wherein: a personnel lifting machine is arranged at the rear side of the derrick (9);
the personnel elevator comprises an elevator slideway (8) and an elevator basket (6), wherein the elevator slideway (8) is vertically arranged on a derrick (9), a chain transmission mechanism consisting of a third chain and a corresponding chain wheel is arranged on the elevator slideway (8), and the elevator basket (6) is fixedly arranged on the third chain and can vertically move along the elevator slideway (8) under the driving of the third chain.
6. The multi-functional integrated intelligent oil-taking integrated device of claim 1, wherein: the ground base (1) and the base (2) are in sliding fit, a hydraulic cylinder (3) is arranged between the ground base (1) and the base (2), and after the hydraulic cylinder (3) is started, the base (2) and a derrick (9) fixed on the base (2) can move on the ground base (1) under the driving of the hydraulic cylinder (3).
7. The multi-functional integrated intelligent oil-taking integrated device of claim 2, wherein: a reversing mechanism is arranged in the speed reduction transmission (5), and the reversing mechanism enables the output shaft of the speed reduction transmission (5) to be repeatedly switched between forward rotation and reverse rotation.
8. The multi-functional integrated intelligent oil-taking integrated device of claim 1, wherein: and a video monitoring device is arranged on the top platform (11).
9. The multi-functional integrated intelligent oil-taking integrated device of claim 1, wherein: a spring (42) is arranged between the two ends of the sliding sleeve (29) and the sliding block (28) on the inner side of the sliding sleeve (29), ball plungers (43) are correspondingly arranged on the outer sides of the two ends of the sliding sleeve (29), the balls of the ball plungers (43) protrude out of the outer surface of the sliding sleeve (29), and spherical grooves matched with the balls of the ball plungers (43) are formed in the inner side of the small-diameter section (27).
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