CN116730531A - Treatment method for heavy metals in industrial wastewater - Google Patents
Treatment method for heavy metals in industrial wastewater Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116730531A CN116730531A CN202310676981.0A CN202310676981A CN116730531A CN 116730531 A CN116730531 A CN 116730531A CN 202310676981 A CN202310676981 A CN 202310676981A CN 116730531 A CN116730531 A CN 116730531A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- wastewater
- heavy metals
- filtering
- introducing
- value
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001728 nano-filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 21
- -1 sulfate compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 11
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 7
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WKVMOQXBMPYPGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]acetic acid;sodium Chemical compound [Na].OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O WKVMOQXBMPYPGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005374 membrane filtration Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005371 permeation separation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 6
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- RCTYPNKXASFOBE-UHFFFAOYSA-M chloromercury Chemical compound [Hg]Cl RCTYPNKXASFOBE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 3
- OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Cu+2] OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229940056932 lead sulfide Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229910052981 lead sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 3
- YPNVIBVEFVRZPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L silver sulfate Chemical compound [Ag+].[Ag+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O YPNVIBVEFVRZPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910000367 silver sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/24—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flotation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/442—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by nanofiltration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/68—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a treatment method of heavy metals in industrial wastewater, which comprises the following steps: adding a proper amount of activated carbon into the wastewater, introducing a proper amount of gas into the wastewater, and filtering the activated carbon by adopting a filter screen; sequentially adding a coagulant into the wastewater to form metal flocculation precipitation, filtering the wastewater through a microfiltration membrane, and adding a complexing agent into wastewater filtrate after flocculation precipitation to form a metal complex in the wastewater filtrate, so that the metal complex is separated from a permeate; the wastewater after permeation separation is introduced into an electrolytic cell for electrolysis, the wastewater after electrolysis is filtered by an active filter material, and a mode of generating precipitation by chemical reaction is combined with membrane filtration, so that high heavy metal removal rate is effectively realized, meanwhile, the consumption of medicaments is effectively reduced, and simultaneously, the microfiltration membrane and the nanofiltration membrane with different pore diameters and molecular weight cut-off points are used, so that metals with different forms and sizes in the wastewater can be effectively separated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, in particular to a treatment method of heavy metals in industrial wastewater.
Background
Enterprises producing nonferrous metals have wastewater discharge in the whole production process from mining, ore dressing and smelting to product processing, and can be classified into mining wastewater, ore dressing wastewater, smelting wastewater and processing wastewater according to wastewater sources, wherein the wastewater mainly contains heavy metal elements such as antimony, copper, lead, zinc, cadmium, arsenic, chromium and the like, and if the heavy metal elements are not well treated, heavy metal pollution events such as arsenic pollution, cadmium pollution, lead pollution and the like which have great influence on ecological environment can be easily caused. The waste water has high acidity, complex heavy metal ion types, and exists in various valence states and forms, so that the treatment difficulty is high.
At present, the conventional treatment method of heavy metal wastewater mainly adopts a precipitation method, such as a neutralization precipitation method and a sulfide precipitation method, but in the precipitation process, gas introduced into the wastewater and generated precipitate cannot be removed better, and meanwhile, the added medicament and the like cannot be completely precipitated, so that the content of other metal ions in the wastewater is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a treatment method of heavy metals in industrial wastewater, which aims to solve the technical problems in the background.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
a treatment method of heavy metals in industrial wastewater comprises the following steps:
step one: and (3) floatation adsorption: adding a proper amount of activated carbon into the wastewater, introducing a proper amount of gas into the wastewater, and filtering the activated carbon by adopting a filter screen;
step two: regulating the pH value: detecting the pH value in the wastewater, and then adding an acid-base regulator according to the pH value to adjust the pH value to a preset value;
step three: flocculation precipitation: sequentially adding a coagulant into the wastewater to form metal flocculation precipitation, and filtering the wastewater through a microfiltration membrane to remove the metal flocculation precipitation in the wastewater;
step four: and (3) matching and separating: adding a complexing agent into the wastewater filtrate after flocculation precipitation to form a metal complex in the wastewater filtrate, and filtering the wastewater filtrate through a nanofiltration membrane to separate the metal complex from a permeate;
step five: electrolytic accumulation: introducing the wastewater after the osmotic separation into an electrolytic cell for electrolysis, reducing heavy metals through a cathodic reduction reaction, and precipitating at the bottom of a reaction tank;
step six: solid-liquid separation and filtration: and filtering the electrolyzed wastewater by an active filter material.
As a further scheme of the invention: the pH value in the second step is 8-10.
As a further scheme of the invention: the concrete steps of sequentially adding coagulant into the wastewater in the third step are as follows:
step A1: introducing hydrogen sulfide gas into the wastewater, and stirring and heating the wastewater while introducing the hydrogen sulfide gas;
step A2: stirring at constant speed, adding sulfate compound into the wastewater, and fully reacting and precipitating;
step A3: adding chloride into the wastewater while stirring at uniform speed to fully react and precipitate;
step A4: finally, adding hydroxide into the wastewater to fully react and precipitate;
step A5: the precipitate generated in the wastewater is filtered through a microfiltration membrane.
As a further scheme of the invention: the sulfate compound in the step A2 is aluminum sulfate and/or ferric sulfate; the chloride in the step A3 is aluminum chloride and/or ferric chloride; the hydroxide in the step A4 is sodium hydroxide.
As a further scheme of the invention: the complexing agent in the fourth step is one of sodium nitrilotriacetic acid, ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid and sodium alginate.
As a further scheme of the invention: the aperture of the microfiltration membrane in the step A5 is 0.1-10 micrometers.
As a further scheme of the invention: the molecular weight interception range of the nanofiltration membrane in the step four is 200-1500 daltons.
As a further scheme of the invention: the active filter material in the step six is one of active carbon, biochemical felt and medical stone.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) In the invention, a mode of generating precipitation by chemical reaction is combined with membrane filtration, so that high heavy metal removal rate is effectively realized, meanwhile, the consumption of medicaments is effectively reduced, and simultaneously, the microfiltration membrane and the nanofiltration membrane with different apertures and molecular weight cut-off points are used, so that metals with different forms and sizes in the wastewater can be effectively separated;
(2) According to the method, firstly, the copper ions and the lead ions in the wastewater are removed through introducing hydrogen sulfide gas, copper sulfide and lead sulfide precipitates are formed, then, ferric sulfate and/or aluminum sulfate are introduced, silver ions and calcium ions in the wastewater can be effectively removed, silver sulfate and calcium sulfate precipitates are formed, after chloride is introduced, mercury ions in the wastewater can be removed, mercury chloride precipitates are formed, finally, sodium hydroxide is introduced, iron ions, aluminum ions, copper ions, calcium ions and the like which are added in the wastewater before can be removed, heavy metal ions which are not removed in the previous step can be removed, and metal ions carried by chemicals which are added in the previous step can be removed, so that the treatment effect is better;
(3) The waste water is filtered and adsorbed by the active carbon, the medical stone, the biochemical felt and other materials, nitrite in the waste water, redundant hydrogen sulfide in the first step, other heavy metals slightly dissolved in the water and the like can be adsorbed, meanwhile, the pH of the waste water can be stabilized, the purity of the water is ensured, meanwhile, beneficial bacteria can be generated by the active filter material in the use process, the propagation of the beneficial bacteria can play a certain purifying role on the waste water, and the cleanliness of the waste water is improved.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The present invention discloses the following two examples:
example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the invention relates to a method for treating heavy metals in industrial wastewater, which comprises the following steps:
step one: and (3) floatation adsorption: adding a proper amount of activated carbon into the wastewater, introducing a proper amount of gas into the wastewater, and filtering the activated carbon by adopting a filter screen;
step two: regulating the pH value: detecting the pH value in the wastewater, and then adding an acid-base regulator according to the pH value to adjust the pH value to a preset value of 8;
step three: flocculation precipitation: sequentially adding a coagulant into the wastewater to form metal flocculation precipitation, and filtering the wastewater through a microfiltration membrane to remove the metal flocculation precipitation in the wastewater;
step four: and (3) matching and separating: adding a complexing agent into the wastewater filtrate after flocculation precipitation to form a metal complex in the wastewater filtrate, and filtering the wastewater filtrate through a nanofiltration membrane to separate the metal complex from a permeate;
step five: electrolytic accumulation: introducing the wastewater after the osmotic separation into an electrolytic cell for electrolysis, reducing heavy metals through a cathodic reduction reaction, and precipitating at the bottom of a reaction tank;
step six: solid-liquid separation and filtration: and filtering the electrolyzed wastewater by an active filter material.
The mode of generating precipitate by chemical reaction is combined with membrane filtration, so that high heavy metal removal rate is effectively realized, meanwhile, the consumption of medicaments is effectively reduced, and simultaneously, the microfiltration membrane and the nanofiltration membrane with different pore diameters and molecular weight cut-off points are used, so that metals with different forms and sizes in wastewater can be effectively separated.
The concrete steps of sequentially adding coagulant into the wastewater in the third step are as follows:
step A1: introducing hydrogen sulfide gas into the wastewater, and stirring and heating the wastewater while introducing the hydrogen sulfide gas;
step A2: stirring at constant speed, adding sulfate compound into the wastewater, and fully reacting and precipitating;
step A3: adding chloride into the wastewater while stirring at uniform speed to fully react and precipitate;
step A4: finally, adding hydroxide into the wastewater to fully react and precipitate;
step A5: the precipitate generated in the wastewater is filtered through a microfiltration membrane.
Wherein the sulfate compound in the step A2 is aluminum sulfate and/or ferric sulfate; the chloride in the step A3 is aluminum chloride and/or ferric chloride; the hydroxide in step A4 is sodium hydroxide.
Firstly, introducing hydrogen sulfide gas to remove copper ions and lead ions in wastewater to form copper sulfide and lead sulfide precipitates, then introducing ferric sulfate and/or aluminum sulfate to effectively remove silver ions and calcium ions in the wastewater to form silver sulfate and calcium sulfate precipitates, after introducing chloride, removing mercury ions in the wastewater to form mercury chloride precipitates, and finally introducing sodium hydroxide to remove iron ions, aluminum ions, copper ions, calcium ions and the like which are added in the wastewater before, so that heavy metal ions which are not removed in the previous step can be removed, and metal ions carried by chemicals added in the previous step can be removed, and the treatment effect is better;
the complexing agent in the fourth step is one of sodium nitrilotriacetic acid, ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid and sodium alginate, and in the use process, the solubility of metal ions and complexes in the wastewater can be effectively enhanced through the addition of the complexing agent, meanwhile, the stability of the complexes in the wastewater is enhanced, membrane pollution and scaling are prevented, and the filtering effect is improved.
The pore size of the microfiltration membrane in step A5 was 0.1 microns.
The molecular weight cut-off range of the nanofiltration membrane in the fourth step is 200 daltons.
The active filter material in the step six is one of active carbon, biochemical felt and medical stone, and the active carbon, the medical stone, the biochemical felt and other materials are used for filtering and adsorbing the wastewater, so that nitrite in the wastewater, redundant hydrogen sulfide in the step one, other heavy metals slightly dissolved in water and the like can be adsorbed, meanwhile, the pH value of the wastewater can be stabilized, the purity of the water is ensured, meanwhile, the active filter material can generate beneficial bacteria in the use process, the propagation of the beneficial bacteria can play a certain purifying role on the wastewater, and the cleanliness of the wastewater is improved.
Embodiment two:
referring to fig. 1, the invention relates to a method for treating heavy metals in industrial wastewater, which comprises the following steps:
step one: and (3) floatation adsorption: adding a proper amount of activated carbon into the wastewater, introducing a proper amount of gas into the wastewater, and filtering the activated carbon by adopting a filter screen;
step two: regulating the pH value: detecting the pH value in the wastewater, and then adding an acid-base regulator according to the pH value to adjust the pH value to a preset value of 10;
step three: flocculation precipitation: sequentially adding a coagulant into the wastewater to form metal flocculation precipitation, and filtering the wastewater through a microfiltration membrane to remove the metal flocculation precipitation in the wastewater;
step four: and (3) matching and separating: adding a complexing agent into the wastewater filtrate after flocculation precipitation to form a metal complex in the wastewater filtrate, and filtering the wastewater filtrate through a nanofiltration membrane to separate the metal complex from a permeate;
step five: electrolytic accumulation: introducing the wastewater after the osmotic separation into an electrolytic cell for electrolysis, reducing heavy metals through a cathodic reduction reaction, and precipitating at the bottom of a reaction tank;
step six: solid-liquid separation and filtration: and filtering the electrolyzed wastewater by an active filter material.
The mode of generating precipitate by chemical reaction is combined with membrane filtration, so that high heavy metal removal rate is effectively realized, meanwhile, the consumption of medicaments is effectively reduced, and simultaneously, the microfiltration membrane and the nanofiltration membrane with different pore diameters and molecular weight cut-off points are used, so that metals with different forms and sizes in wastewater can be effectively separated.
The concrete steps of sequentially adding coagulant into the wastewater in the third step are as follows:
step A1: introducing hydrogen sulfide gas into the wastewater, and stirring and heating the wastewater while introducing the hydrogen sulfide gas;
step A2: stirring at constant speed, adding sulfate compound into the wastewater, and fully reacting and precipitating;
step A3: adding chloride into the wastewater while stirring at uniform speed to fully react and precipitate;
step A4: finally, adding hydroxide into the wastewater to fully react and precipitate;
step A5: the precipitate generated in the wastewater is filtered through a microfiltration membrane.
Wherein the sulfate compound in the step A2 is aluminum sulfate and/or ferric sulfate; the chloride in the step A3 is aluminum chloride and/or ferric chloride; the hydroxide in step A4 is sodium hydroxide.
Firstly, introducing hydrogen sulfide gas to remove copper ions and lead ions in wastewater to form copper sulfide and lead sulfide precipitates, then introducing ferric sulfate and/or aluminum sulfate to effectively remove silver ions and calcium ions in the wastewater to form silver sulfate and calcium sulfate precipitates, after introducing chloride, removing mercury ions in the wastewater to form mercury chloride precipitates, and finally introducing sodium hydroxide to remove iron ions, aluminum ions, copper ions, calcium ions and the like which are added in the wastewater before, so that heavy metal ions which are not removed in the previous step can be removed, and metal ions carried by chemicals added in the previous step can be removed, and the treatment effect is better;
the complexing agent in the fourth step is one of sodium nitrilotriacetic acid, ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid and sodium alginate, and in the use process, the solubility of metal ions and complexes in the wastewater can be effectively enhanced through the addition of the complexing agent, meanwhile, the stability of the complexes in the wastewater is enhanced, membrane pollution and scaling are prevented, and the filtering effect is improved.
The pore size of the microfiltration membrane in step A5 was 10 microns.
The molecular weight cut-off range of the nanofiltration membrane in the fourth step is 1500 daltons.
The active filter material in the step six is one of active carbon, biochemical felt and medical stone, and the active carbon, the medical stone, the biochemical felt and other materials are used for filtering and adsorbing the wastewater, so that nitrite in the wastewater, redundant hydrogen sulfide in the step one, other heavy metals slightly dissolved in water and the like can be adsorbed, meanwhile, the pH value of the wastewater can be stabilized, the purity of the water is ensured, meanwhile, the active filter material can generate beneficial bacteria in the use process, the propagation of the beneficial bacteria can play a certain purifying role on the wastewater, and the cleanliness of the wastewater is improved.
The foregoing describes one embodiment of the present invention in detail, but the description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent changes and modifications within the scope of the present invention are intended to be covered by the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The method for treating the heavy metals in the industrial wastewater is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one: and (3) floatation adsorption: adding a proper amount of activated carbon into the wastewater, introducing a proper amount of gas into the wastewater, and filtering the activated carbon by adopting a filter screen;
step two: regulating the pH value: detecting the pH value in the wastewater, and then adding an acid-base regulator according to the pH value to adjust the pH value to a preset value;
step three: flocculation precipitation: sequentially adding a coagulant into the wastewater to form metal flocculation precipitation, and filtering the wastewater through a microfiltration membrane to remove the metal flocculation precipitation in the wastewater;
step four: and (3) matching and separating: adding a complexing agent into the wastewater filtrate after flocculation precipitation to form a metal complex in the wastewater filtrate, and filtering the wastewater filtrate through a nanofiltration membrane to separate the metal complex from a permeate;
step five: electrolytic accumulation: introducing the wastewater after the osmotic separation into an electrolytic cell for electrolysis, reducing heavy metals through a cathodic reduction reaction, and precipitating at the bottom of a reaction tank;
step six: solid-liquid separation and filtration: and filtering the electrolyzed wastewater by an active filter material.
2. The method for treating heavy metals in industrial wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined value of pH in said step two is 8-10.
3. The method for treating heavy metals in industrial wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the concrete steps of sequentially adding coagulant into the wastewater in the third step are as follows:
step A1: introducing hydrogen sulfide gas into the wastewater, and stirring and heating the wastewater while introducing the hydrogen sulfide gas;
step A2: stirring at constant speed, adding sulfate compound into the wastewater, and fully reacting and precipitating;
step A3: adding chloride into the wastewater while stirring at uniform speed to fully react and precipitate;
step A4: finally, adding hydroxide into the wastewater to fully react and precipitate;
step A5: the precipitate generated in the wastewater is filtered through a microfiltration membrane.
4. A method for treating heavy metals in industrial wastewater according to claim 3 wherein sulfate compound in step A2 is aluminum sulfate and/or ferric sulfate; the chloride in the step A3 is aluminum chloride and/or ferric chloride; the hydroxide in the step A4 is sodium hydroxide.
5. The method for treating heavy metals in industrial wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the complexing agent in the fourth step is one of sodium nitrilotriacetic acid, ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid and sodium alginate.
6. A method for treating heavy metals in industrial wastewater according to claim 3 wherein the aperture of said microfiltration membrane in step A5 is 0.1-10 μm.
7. The method for treating heavy metals in industrial wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the molecular weight cut-off range of nanofiltration membrane in the fourth step is 200-1500 daltons.
8. The method for treating heavy metals in industrial wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the active filter material in the step six is one of activated carbon, biochemical felt and medical stone.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310676981.0A CN116730531A (en) | 2023-06-08 | 2023-06-08 | Treatment method for heavy metals in industrial wastewater |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310676981.0A CN116730531A (en) | 2023-06-08 | 2023-06-08 | Treatment method for heavy metals in industrial wastewater |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116730531A true CN116730531A (en) | 2023-09-12 |
Family
ID=87918025
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310676981.0A Pending CN116730531A (en) | 2023-06-08 | 2023-06-08 | Treatment method for heavy metals in industrial wastewater |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116730531A (en) |
-
2023
- 2023-06-08 CN CN202310676981.0A patent/CN116730531A/en active Pending
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Mavrov et al. | New hybrid electrocoagulation membrane process for removing selenium from industrial wastewater | |
| EP2036866B1 (en) | Method and apparatus for treating selenium-containing wastewater | |
| CN113003846B (en) | Zero-emission treatment process and system for sewage with high salt content and high COD (chemical oxygen demand) | |
| CN105384316A (en) | Electronic industrial fluoride, ammonia and nitrogen-containing wastewater treatment method | |
| CN105565553A (en) | Zero-emission purifying and recycling system of cyanide-containing heavy metal wastewater | |
| CN216998076U (en) | Industrial wastewater treatment system | |
| CN112174440A (en) | Heavy metal wastewater treatment process | |
| CN102642974B (en) | Method for treating high-acid high-chlorine waste water | |
| CA2647965C (en) | Nickel sulphide precipitation processes | |
| JP2010069399A (en) | Boron separation system | |
| RU2404140C2 (en) | Method of treating recycled water from tailing ponds of gold-mining factories | |
| CN113003845B (en) | Zero-emission treatment process and system for sewage with high sulfate content and high COD (chemical oxygen demand) | |
| JP3843052B2 (en) | Method for recovering and using valuable metals in metal-containing wastewater | |
| CN112573720A (en) | Thermal power plant desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system and method | |
| CN111995145A (en) | Heavy metal-containing waste liquid treatment method and system | |
| CN116730531A (en) | Treatment method for heavy metals in industrial wastewater | |
| CN105712538A (en) | Mercury-containing wastewater treatment method | |
| CA3014119C (en) | Process for reduction of sulfide from water and wastewater | |
| US3764528A (en) | Process for removal of soluble mercury residues from aqueous process streams | |
| JP4261857B2 (en) | Method for recovering and using valuable metals in metal-containing wastewater | |
| CH652707A5 (en) | Procedure for the removal of mercury from waste water. | |
| CN218879631U (en) | Membrane filtration system | |
| CN114735723B (en) | Potash coarse brine refining process | |
| JP2015039652A (en) | Method and apparatus for treating selenium-containing water | |
| CN117886488B (en) | Thallium-containing wastewater treatment device and treatment method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |