CN116718217B - Open type circular grating measuring system and installation method thereof - Google Patents
Open type circular grating measuring system and installation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116718217B CN116718217B CN202310972961.8A CN202310972961A CN116718217B CN 116718217 B CN116718217 B CN 116718217B CN 202310972961 A CN202310972961 A CN 202310972961A CN 116718217 B CN116718217 B CN 116718217B
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 24
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000020347 spindle assembly Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/36—Forming the light into pulses
- G01D5/38—Forming the light into pulses by diffraction gratings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P11/00—Connecting or disconnecting metal parts or objects by metal-working techniques not otherwise provided for
- B23P11/02—Connecting or disconnecting metal parts or objects by metal-working techniques not otherwise provided for by first expanding and then shrinking or vice versa, e.g. by using pressure fluids; by making force fits
- B23P11/025—Connecting or disconnecting metal parts or objects by metal-working techniques not otherwise provided for by first expanding and then shrinking or vice versa, e.g. by using pressure fluids; by making force fits by using heat or cold
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/26—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D11/00—Component parts of measuring arrangements not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D11/24—Housings ; Casings for instruments
- G01D11/26—Windows; Cover glasses; Sealings therefor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Gasket Seals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an open circular grating measuring system and an installation method thereof, wherein the rear part of the open circular grating measuring system passes through an inner ring labyrinth formed by a first inner groove on the outer peripheral wall of a rear fixing ring and a second inner groove on the inner peripheral wall of an outer cover, and the possibility that lubricating oil enters the first inner groove and the second inner groove is reduced; during operation of the front part, the accidentally entered lubricating oil firstly enters the fifth inner groove of the front baffle ring, and enters the fourth inner groove of the front baffle ring and the third inner groove of the front mounting ring after accumulating a certain amount, however, the entering difficulty of the lubricating oil is higher due to the labyrinth sealing property whether entering the fifth inner groove or the fourth inner groove and the third inner groove; according to the open circular grating measuring system and the installation method thereof, a superior sealing effect is achieved on the premise of open installation, and the problem of pollution of an internal grating ring is effectively solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a grating system and an installation structure and method thereof, in particular to an open circular grating measuring system and an installation method thereof.
Background
The rotary driving mechanism generally consists of a rotary shaft, a supporting box body, a torque motor or an electric spindle and an angle measuring device. The angle measurement data can be directly fed back through a torque motor or a circular grating arranged in the tail of the electric spindle, but the rotation angle cannot be measured for precise measurement due to the torque fluctuation characteristic of motor driving equipment. At present, in the equipment with higher requirements on rotation angle measurement, a set of circular grating measurement system is generally added on one side close to an output shaft, and the circular grating measurement system has the advantages of high precision, convenience in assembly and disassembly and the like in angle measurement, and is widely applied to detection equipment. However, due to some testing environments and installation factors, the installation conditions and the use environments of the precision-class open grating cannot be guaranteed. Particularly, when liquid needs to be sprayed in the testing process, if the condition that the circular grating is in a cleaner testing environment cannot be met, the accuracy of the whole angle measuring system can be greatly influenced. The general main shaft output structure is that the main shaft extends out of the main shaft end surface, and the main shaft rotates under the support of the main shaft end surface.
Currently, solutions to this problem are mainly composed of two types: the first is to use a totally-enclosed grating, and the method has the advantages that due to the complex structure, the gas path sealing is required to be added, the use cost is increased, the totally-enclosed grating has larger mass and larger occupied space, the cantilever extending out of the rotating shaft is longer, the mounting structure is unstable, and the radial runout is difficult to reach the standard. The second is to install a protective shell on the open grating, the shell is sealed by a sealing ring, the shell needs to be replaced at intervals, the geometric accuracy is readjusted after each disassembly, and the time cost of detection is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide an open circular grating measuring system and an installation method thereof, and aims to solve the problem that the coordination between a sealing effect and installation and maintenance difficulty cannot be achieved by adding a grating component at the front end of a main shaft.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an open circular grating measurement system, comprising:
the inner ring seal comprises an annular rear fixing ring and an annular outer cover, wherein a first inner groove is formed in the upper periphery of the outer peripheral wall of the rear fixing ring, a second inner groove is formed in the upper periphery of the inner peripheral wall of the outer cover, the inner peripheral wall of the outer cover is in clearance fit with the outer peripheral wall of the rear fixing ring, the first inner groove is connected with the second inner groove in the circumferential direction and is arranged in a staggered mode in the thickness direction, the rear fixing ring is connected with an external spindle, and the outer cover is connected with the end face of the external spindle;
the outer ring seal comprises a front mounting ring, a front baffle ring and a main shaft nut head, wherein the front mounting ring is coaxially fixed on the rear fixing ring, the main shaft nut head is connected to the free end of an external main shaft and is abutted against the front mounting ring in the thickness direction, the front baffle ring is fixed on the outer cover, the diameter of the front mounting ring is larger than that of the main shaft nut head, the two ends of the inner peripheral wall of the front baffle ring in the thickness direction are respectively in clearance fit with the outer peripheral wall of the rear fixing ring and the outer peripheral wall of the main shaft nut head, a third inner groove is formed in the outer peripheral wall of the front mounting ring, a first annular wall, a second annular wall and a third annular wall are arranged on the inner peripheral wall of the front baffle ring at intervals from inside to outside in the thickness direction, a fourth inner groove is formed between the first annular wall and the second annular wall, the third annular wall corresponds to the second annular wall and the front mounting ring, a fifth inner groove is formed together, and the third inner groove is in clearance fit with the outer peripheral wall of the rear mounting ring and the main shaft nut head, and the inner ring seal is arranged in the middle part of the sealing ring in the thickness direction;
the grating ring is fixed in the mounting cavity;
and the reading head is fixed at the radial outer end of the mounting cavity and is arranged corresponding to the peripheral wall of the grating ring.
Further, the inner ring of the outer cover has a gap of 2 to 5mm between the thickness direction and the free end of the spindle end face in the length direction.
Further, the cross sections of the first inner groove and the second inner groove are in an outward-expanding trapezoid; the cross sections of the third inner groove and the fourth inner groove are rectangular.
Further, the front mounting ring is connected to the rear fixing ring by a plurality of first bolt structures, wherein the penetrating side of the first bolt structures is the spindle direction.
Further, a first through hole is correspondingly formed in the spindle nut head corresponding to the first bolt structure.
Further, the first through hole is waist-shaped in the circumferential direction of the spindle nut head, and the first bolt structure is connected between the first through hole and the rear fixing ring.
Further, a first drainage hole leading to the fourth inner groove is formed in the front face or the peripheral wall of the lower portion of the front baffle ring, and a second drainage hole is formed in the lower portion of the peripheral wall of the outer cover in the vertical direction.
Further, the reading head is fixed to the housing through a second bolt structure, wherein the second bolt structure penetrates through the thickness direction of the housing and extends into the mounting cavity to fix the reading head.
Further, the grating ring is connected to the front mounting ring by a plurality of third bolt structures.
The invention also provides an installation method, which is applied to the open circular grating measuring system and comprises the following steps:
s1, fixing a rear fixing ring on a main shaft in an interference manner by a hot-charging method, wherein a gap of 2-5 mm is formed between the rear fixing ring and the end surface of the main shaft in the length direction of the main shaft;
s2, fixedly connecting the reading head with the outer cover through a second bolt structure;
s3, mounting the outer cover on the end face of the main shaft, wherein a gap of 2-5 mm is formed between the inner ring of the outer cover and the free end of the length direction of the end face of the main shaft in the thickness direction;
s4, connecting the grating ring with the front mounting ring;
s5, connecting the front mounting ring and the rear fixing ring through a first bolt structure;
s6, connecting a spindle nut head to the spindle;
s7, connecting the front baffle ring to the outer cover;
and S8, using a spanner to pass through a first through hole on the spindle nut head to adjust the first bolt structure so that the grating ring is opposite to the reading head.
According to the open type circular grating measuring system and the installation method thereof, provided by the invention, the possibility that lubricating oil enters into the first inner groove and the second inner groove is reduced at the rear part through the inner ring labyrinth formed by the first inner groove on the outer peripheral wall of the rear fixing ring and the second inner groove on the inner peripheral wall of the outer cover; at the front part, during operation, the accidentally entered lubricating oil firstly enters the fifth inner groove of the front baffle ring, and enters the fourth inner groove of the front baffle ring and the third inner groove of the front mounting ring after accumulating a certain amount, however, the entering difficulty of the lubricating oil is higher due to the characteristics of labyrinth seal no matter the lubricating oil enters the fifth inner groove or the fourth inner groove and the third inner groove; therefore, under the premise of open installation, the structure of the rear part and the front part achieves a superior sealing effect, and effectively solves the problem of pollution of an internal grating ring; the system structure is a shaft sleeve part, is machined and formed in one step, is mutually matched and processed, is directly connected with the main shaft, ensures the consistency of the rotation of the grating ring and the main shaft, and has the advantages of relatively simple whole structure, small occupied space, simple and convenient operation, low cost and high installation efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an open circular grating measurement system (with the retaining ring and housing installed) according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an open circular grating measurement system (with the rear retaining ring, housing, and front mounting ring installed) according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view (fully installed) of an open circular grating measurement system according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 3;
fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion B in fig. 3.
The achievement of the objects, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with the embodiments.
Description of the embodiments
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless expressly stated otherwise, as understood by those skilled in the art. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, units, modules, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, units, modules, components, and/or groups thereof. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Further, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein may include wirelessly connected or wirelessly coupled. The term "and/or" as used herein includes all or any element and all combination of one or more of the associated listed items.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs unless defined otherwise. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, in an embodiment of the present invention, an open circular grating measurement system includes:
the inner ring seal 100 comprises an annular rear fixing ring 110 and an annular outer cover 120, wherein a first inner groove 111 is formed in the upper periphery of the outer peripheral wall of the rear fixing ring 110, a second inner groove 121 is formed in the upper periphery of the inner peripheral wall of the outer cover 120, the inner peripheral wall of the outer cover 120 is in clearance fit with the outer peripheral wall of the rear fixing ring 110, the first inner groove 111 and the second inner groove 121 are connected in the circumferential direction and are arranged in a staggered manner in the thickness direction, the rear fixing ring 110 is connected to an external spindle 010, and the outer cover 120 is connected to an external spindle end face 020;
an outer ring seal 200, comprising a front mounting ring 210, a front baffle ring 220 and a spindle nut head 230, wherein the front mounting ring 210 is coaxially fixed on the rear fixing ring 110, the spindle nut head 230 is connected to the free end of an external spindle 010 and abuts against the front mounting ring 210 in the thickness direction, the front baffle ring 220 is fixed on the outer cover 120, the diameter of the front mounting ring 210 is larger than that of the spindle nut head 230, the two ends of the inner peripheral wall of the front baffle ring 220 in the thickness direction are respectively in clearance fit with the outer peripheral wall of the rear fixing ring 110 and the outer peripheral wall of the spindle nut head 230, a third inner groove 211 is formed on the outer peripheral wall of the front mounting ring 210, a first annular wall 221, a second annular wall 222 and a third annular wall 223 are arranged on the inner peripheral wall of the front baffle ring 220 from inside to outside in the thickness direction, a fourth inner groove is formed between the first annular wall 221 and the second annular wall 222, the third annular wall 223 corresponds to the outer peripheral wall 210 and the fourth annular groove is formed on the inner peripheral wall of the inner ring seal 200, and the fifth annular groove is formed on the inner peripheral wall of the inner ring seal 200 in the thickness direction;
a grating ring 300 fixed in the mounting cavity;
the reading head 400 is fixed at the radial outer end of the mounting cavity and is disposed corresponding to the outer peripheral wall of the grating ring 300.
In the prior art, a fully-closed grating is adopted, and the method has the advantages that due to the fact that the structure is complex, the air path sealing is required to be added, the use cost is increased, the mass of the fully-closed grating is large, the occupied space is large, the cantilever extending out of a rotating shaft is long, the mounting structure is unstable, and radial runout is difficult to reach the standard; the open grating is provided with the protective shell which is sealed by the sealing ring, the shell needs to be replaced at intervals, the geometric precision is readjusted after each disassembly and assembly, and the time cost of detection is increased.
In the present invention, the open circular grating measurement system is provided in conjunction with a spindle assembly, and the specific spindle assembly includes a spindle end face 020 and a spindle 010 extending from the spindle end face 020. The inner ring seal 100 and the outer ring seal 200 of the open circular grating measuring system are matched with each other to form an annular mounting cavity in the middle of the thickness direction, the grating ring 300 is arranged in the mounting cavity, and the grating ring 300 can be mounted on the rear fixing ring 110 of the inner ring seal 100 or the front mounting ring 210 of the outer ring seal 200. During application, the rear fixing ring 110 of the inner ring seal 100 and the front mounting ring 210 of the outer ring seal 200 are rotated following the spindle 010, while the outer cover 120 of the inner ring seal 100 and the front baffle ring 220 of the outer ring seal 200 are fixed to the spindle end face 020.
The inner ring seal 100 includes a rear fixing ring 110 and an annular outer cover 120, the rear fixing ring 110 being connected to an outer spindle 010 (by interference or the like), and the outer cover 120 being connected to an outer spindle end face 020. The outer circumference wall of the rear fixing ring 110 is provided with a first inner groove 111, the inner circumference wall of the outer cover 120 is provided with a second inner groove 121, the inner circumference wall of the outer cover 120 is in clearance fit (e.g. 0.1 to 0.3 mm) with the outer circumference wall of the rear fixing ring 110, and the first inner groove 111 and the second inner groove 121 are connected in the circumferential direction and are arranged in a staggered manner in the thickness direction. The first inner groove 111 and the second inner groove 121 are arranged in a mirror image dislocation manner, so that an inner ring labyrinth is formed. With the above inner ring labyrinth, when the main shaft 010 rotates, the possibility that the lubricating oil enters into the first inner groove 111 and the second inner groove 121 due to the inner ring labyrinth is reduced. The cross-sectional shapes of the first and second inner grooves 111 and 121 are not particularly limited, and may be trapezoidal, rectangular, or the like. The inner ring seal 100 is located away from the working area (the free end side of the main shaft 010 is the working area) and mainly prevents the lubricant from splashing, so that the inner ring labyrinth formed by the first inner groove 111 and the second inner groove 121 can be satisfied, and even if the liquid permeates into the inner ring labyrinth, the liquid can overflow through the action of gravity. Wherein, the first inner groove 111 and the second inner groove 121 form a small oil channel through the positive and negative trapezoid grooves, which is used for preventing lubricating oil from leaking from the clearance of the end surface 020 of the main shaft. If only the first inner groove 111 or the second inner groove 121 is present, the sealing effect is poor, the labyrinth sealing effect is poor, and there is a risk of oil leakage. Since the inner ring seal 100 has only one inner ring labyrinth, the first inner groove 111 and the second inner groove 121 are arranged in a staggered manner in the thickness direction, so that the effect of the inner ring labyrinth is improved.
The outer ring seal 200 includes a front mounting ring 210, a front baffle ring 220, and a spindle nut head 230, the front mounting ring 210 being coaxially fixed to the rear fixing ring 110, the spindle nut head 230 being connected to a free end of the outer spindle 010 and abutting the front mounting ring 210 in a thickness direction, and the spindle nut head 230 and the rear fixing ring 110 together fixing the front mounting ring 210. Specifically, the front mounting ring 210 may also form a direct stable connection with the rear fixing ring 110 or the spindle nut head 230 through other fixing structures to ensure the fixing stability of the grating ring 300. The front baffle ring 220 is fixed on the outer cover 120, the diameter of the front mounting ring 210 is larger than that of the spindle nut head 230, two ends of the inner peripheral wall of the front baffle ring 220 in the thickness direction are respectively in clearance fit with the outer peripheral wall of the rear fixing ring 110 and the outer peripheral wall of the spindle nut head 230, a third inner groove 211 is formed in the upper periphery of the outer peripheral wall of the front mounting ring 210, a first annular wall 221, a second annular wall 222 and a third annular wall 223 are arranged at intervals from inside to outside in the thickness direction on the inner peripheral wall of the front baffle ring 220, a fourth inner groove is formed between the first annular wall 221 and the second annular wall 222, a fifth inner groove is formed in the third annular wall 223 corresponding to the second annular wall 222 and the front mounting ring 210, and the third inner groove 211 is connected with the fourth inner groove in the circumferential direction. Since the fourth inner groove and the fifth inner groove are formed in the thickness direction of the front baffle ring 220, the cross sections of the above two grooves are convenient in a rectangular shape, particularly the fifth inner groove. During operation, the lubricating oil accidentally entering first enters the fifth inner groove, and then enters the fourth inner groove and the third inner groove 211 after accumulating a certain amount, however, the difficulty of entering the lubricating oil is high due to the characteristic of labyrinth seal whether entering the fifth inner groove or the fourth inner groove and the third inner groove 211.
The grating ring 300 is fixed in the mounting cavity and may be mounted on the rear fixing ring 110 or the front mounting ring 210. The reading head 400 is fixed at the radial outer end in the mounting cavity and is arranged corresponding to the outer peripheral wall of the grating ring 300, and the judgment of the angle of the main shaft 010 is realized through the information acquisition of the reading head 400 to the grating ring 300. The mounting location of the read head 400 may be the complete of the housing 120 or the front baffle ring 220.
In summary, at the rear, through the inner ring labyrinth formed by the first inner groove 111 on the outer peripheral wall of the rear fixing ring 110 and the second inner groove 121 on the inner peripheral wall of the outer cover 120, the possibility that the lubricating oil enters into the first inner groove 111 and the second inner groove 121 is reduced; at the front, during operation, the accidentally entered lubricating oil first enters the fifth inner groove of the front baffle ring 220, and then enters the fourth inner groove of the front baffle ring 220 and the third inner groove 211 of the front mounting ring 210 after accumulating a certain amount, however, the entering difficulty of the above lubricating oil is large due to the labyrinth property whether it enters the fifth inner groove or the fourth inner groove and the third inner groove 211; therefore, under the premise of open installation, the structure of the rear part and the front part achieves a superior sealing effect, and effectively solves the problem of pollution of the grating ring 300 inside; the structure is a shaft sleeve part, is machined and formed at one time, is matched and processed, is directly connected with the main shaft 010, ensures the consistency of rotation of the grating ring 300 and the main shaft 010, and has the advantages of relatively simple whole structure, small occupied space, simple and convenient operation, low cost and high installation efficiency.
In one embodiment, the inner ring of the outer cover 120 has a gap of 2 to 5mm between the thickness direction and the free end of the spindle end face 020 in the length direction.
In this embodiment, the gap between the housing 120 and the spindle end face 020 in the length direction of the spindle 010 is used to provide a foundation for mounting the reading head 400 (e.g., a nut portion of a second bolt structure for fixing the reading head 400); while providing an adapted size for mounting of the rear retaining ring 110 in the length direction of the spindle 010. The size of the gap enables the attenuation degree of the capillary force to be larger, and the uncontrollable penetration of lubricating oil is reduced; the above excessive gap size may cause the space that the spindle 010 can provide to become smaller. In this embodiment, the above gap plays the most important role in that the rear fixing ring 110 provided corresponding to the housing 120 also has a space for reverse adjustment of the length of the spindle 010, which provides a basis for alignment of the grating ring 300 with the reading head 400.
In one embodiment, the cross sections of the first inner groove 111 and the second inner groove 121 are both in an outwardly expanded trapezoid shape; the cross sections of the third inner groove 211 and the fourth inner groove are rectangular.
In this embodiment, when the cross sections of the first inner groove 111 and the second inner groove 121 are both in the shape of an outwardly expanding trapezoid, the lubricating oil accidentally entering the first inner groove 111 is thrown out by the centrifugal force. Since the fourth inner groove and the fifth inner groove are formed in the thickness direction of the front baffle ring 220, it is convenient that the fourth inner groove is a straight-mouth groove (the cross sections are all rectangular), and the corresponding third inner groove 211 may also be a straight-mouth groove correspondingly.
Referring to fig. 2, in one embodiment, the front mounting ring 210 is connected to the rear fixing ring 110 by a plurality of first bolt structures, wherein the penetrating side of the first bolt structures is the spindle 010 direction.
In this embodiment, the front mounting ring 210 and the rear fixing ring 110 are connected in a detachable manner, and meanwhile, the accuracy of the position of the connection through the first bolt structure is high, whether the front mounting ring 210 is provided with an internal thread corresponding to the first bolt structure is specifically selected according to the machining accuracy, when the front mounting ring is machined, the front mounting ring needs to be provided with the internal thread corresponding to the rear fixing ring 110, and when the front mounting ring 210 is not machined, the fixing requirement of the front mounting ring 210 can be met, but the sealing effect between the front mounting ring 210 and the first bolt structure is slightly lower.
Referring to fig. 3, in one embodiment, the spindle nut head 230 is provided with a first through hole 231 corresponding to the first bolt structure.
In the present embodiment, by providing the first through hole 231, the first bolt structure can be handled using a corresponding operating tool without disassembling the spindle nut head 230. The adjustment of the front mounting ring 210 (to adjust the alignment of the grating ring 300 with the readhead 400) without removing the spindle nut head 230 reduces the working procedures and also ensures that the sealing effect will not fail due to multiple removals.
In one embodiment, the first through hole 231 has a kidney shape in the circumferential direction of the spindle nut head 230, and the first bolt structure is connected between the first through hole 231 and the rear fixing ring 110.
In the present invention, the front mounting ring 210 is fixed on the rear fixing ring 110, and the fixing manner of the rear fixing ring 110 on the main shaft 010 is preferably interference (realized by adopting a thermal installation manner) without changing the strength of the main shaft 010, so that the stability challenge of the rear fixing ring 110 is greater during the rotation of the main shaft 010. In the present embodiment, the first through hole 231 is formed in a kidney shape, which provides a basis for connecting the spindle nut head 230, the front mounting ring 210, and the rear fixing ring 110 by the first bolt structure (otherwise, the first through hole 231 may not be aligned with the opening in the front mounting ring 210 after the spindle nut head 230 is rotationally fixed). The number of first bolt structures is large, and the selectable stop angle of the spindle nut head 230 has a greater degree of freedom during the fixing process, otherwise, when the spindle nut head 230 reaches a proper tightness, the first through hole 231 may not be aligned with the opening in the front mounting ring 210. In this embodiment, the above structure provides a possibility for easy installation, specifically, after the rear fixing ring 110 is fixed on the spindle 010, the front mounting ring 210 is sleeved into the spindle 010, then the spindle nut head 230 is installed, finally the first bolt structures are sequentially passed through the first through holes 231 and the front mounting ring 210 to be connected to the rear fixing ring 110, and precise alignment of the grating ring 300 with the reading head 400 is achieved through adjustment of the fastening degree of each first bolt structure. In the above process, the overall sealing effect is not reduced, and the spindle nut head 230 is fixedly connected with the rear fixing ring 110, so that the fastening pressure and failure risk of the rear fixing ring 110 are reduced.
In one embodiment, a first drainage hole 224 leading to the fourth inner groove is provided on a front surface or an outer circumferential wall at a lower position of the front baffle ring 220, and a second drainage hole is provided on a lower portion of the outer circumferential wall of the outer cover 120 in a vertical direction.
In the present embodiment, the lubricating oil accidentally introduced into the fourth inner groove is discharged through the first drain hole 224 by gravity, and the first drain hole 224 should be disposed at a lower position of the front baffle ring 220 since the front baffle ring 220 is not rotated. When the first drainage aperture 224 is provided at the front face of the front baffle ring 220, it is convenient to process; and when the first drainage holes 224 are provided at the outer circumferential wall of the front baffle ring 220, it is convenient to reduce abnormal entry of lubricating oil from the external environment. The lubricating oil accidentally entered into the second inner groove 121 is discharged by gravity through the second drain hole, and the same housing 120 is not rotated so that the second drain hole should be provided at a lower position of the outer peripheral wall of the housing 120 in the vertical direction. In embodiments thereof, a second drainage aperture on the housing 120 is not necessary.
In one embodiment, the outer circumferential wall of the front baffle ring 220 is provided with a first drainage hole 224 leading to the fourth inner groove on the lower portion in the vertical direction, and the outer circumferential wall of the outer cover 120 has a tendency to increase in diameter from inside to outside in the thickness direction.
In this embodiment, the lubricating oil that has been abnormally introduced into the first inner groove 111 and the second inner groove 121 eventually enters the bottom of the second inner groove 121 under the action of gravity, so that the outer peripheral wall of the outer cover 120 has a tendency to increase in diameter from inside to outside in the thickness direction, and the lubricating oil at the bottom of the second inner groove 121 can naturally flow out through the gap between the outer cover 120 and the rear fixing ring 110, thereby omitting the processing of the drain hole.
In one embodiment, the size of the clearance fit between the inner peripheral wall of the housing 120 and the outer peripheral wall of the rear fixing ring 110 is in the range of 0.1 to 0.3 mm, and the size of the clearance fit between the front baffle ring 220 and the outer peripheral wall of the rear fixing ring 110 and the outer peripheral wall of the spindle nut head 230 is in the range of 0.1 to 0.3 mm.
In the present embodiment, by limiting the size of the clearance fit, the invasion of external impurities is blocked on the premise that the rear fixing ring 110 and the front mounting ring 210 are ensured to be freely rotatable. It is of course also advantageous for the inner and outer ring labyrinth to function with the limitation of the gap size.
In one embodiment, the third annular wall 223 has a gap dimension in the thickness direction from the front mounting ring 210 of 0.1 to 0.2 millimeters.
In the present embodiment, due to the non-wettability of the lubricant with the front baffle ring 220 and the front mounting ring 210, the lubricant has a tendency to move toward the spindle nut head 230 by the capillary force, and the gap between the third annular wall 223 and the front mounting ring 210 is limited to a smaller size range, so that the invasion of the lubricant can be reduced and the capillary force can be raised, and the possibility that the lubricant enters the third inner groove 211 and the fourth inner groove through the fifth inner groove is reduced.
In one embodiment, the read head 400 is secured to the housing 120 by a second bolt structure that extends through the thickness of the housing 120 into the mounting cavity to secure the read head 400.
In this embodiment, the fixing of the read head 400 to the housing 120 instead of the front baffle ring 220 ensures the integrity of the front baffle ring 220, whereas the integrity of the front baffle ring 220 is advantageous for sealing because the front baffle ring 220 is located close to the spray zone.
Referring to fig. 2, in one embodiment, the grating ring 300 is coupled to the front mounting ring 210 by a plurality of third bolt structures.
In the present embodiment, the connection mode between the grating ring 300 and the front mounting ring 210 is detachable, and the position accuracy of the connection through the third bolt structure is high.
The invention also provides an installation method, which is applied to the open circular grating measuring system and comprises the following steps:
s1, fixing the rear fixing ring 110 on the main shaft 010 in an interference manner by a hot-fitting method, wherein the rear fixing ring 110 and the main shaft end surface 020 have a gap of 2-5 mm in the length direction of the main shaft 010;
s2, fixedly connecting the reading head 400 with the outer cover 120 through a second bolt structure;
s3, mounting the outer cover 120 on the end face 020 of the main shaft, wherein a gap of 2-5 mm is formed between the inner ring of the outer cover 120 and the free end of the main shaft end face 020 in the length direction in the thickness direction;
s4, connecting the grating ring 300 with the front mounting ring 210;
s5, connecting the front mounting ring 210 with the rear fixing ring 110 through a first bolt structure;
s6, connecting the spindle nut head 230 to the spindle 010;
s7, connecting the front baffle ring 220 to the outer cover 120;
s8, a spanner is used for adjusting the first bolt structure through the first through hole 231 on the spindle nut head 230 so that the grating ring 300 is opposite to the reading head 400.
In this embodiment, in step S1, the rear fixing ring 110 is heated to expand it, and is thermally fitted into the spindle 010, and two standard semicircular gauge blocks are used to ensure that it is 3.5mm and parallel to the spindle end face 020. The rear fixing ring 110 is in interference fit with the main shaft, and the interference is 0.005-0.008mm.
In step S2, the reading head 400 is fixedly connected to the housing 120 by a second bolt structure. The cable of the reading head 400 is led out through a pre-designed wiring groove and is connected with an external terminal box.
In the step S3, when the outer cover 120 is mounted, the inner step surface thereof is attached to the main shaft end surface 020, and a gap of 3.5mm is provided between the inner ring of the outer cover 120 and the free end of the main shaft end surface 020 in the length direction in the thickness direction; the housing 120 is radially secured to the spindle 010 by a radially threaded jackscrew. After the two are installed, the second inner groove 121 of the outer cover 120 and the first inner groove 111 of the rear fixing ring 110 naturally form an inner ring seal, and the dislocation amount of the second inner groove 121 and the first inner groove 111 is ensured by processing.
In step S4, the grating ring 300 is attached to the front mounting ring 210 by a third bolt structure.
In the step S5, the front mounting ring 210 and the rear fixing ring 110 are attached to each other by the step surface and fixed by the first bolt structure.
In the step S6, the spindle nut head 230 is locked with the spindle 010 by the internal thread thereof, and the pressure test is performed inward by screwing the spindle nut head 230, so that the outer ring of the front mounting ring 210 can be finely adjusted by ±1mm in the axial direction of the spindle 010.
In step S7, the front baffle ring 220 is connected to the housing 120, specifically, by a screw connection. To this end, the front baffle ring 220 of the front mounting ring 210 forms an outer ring seal of the labyrinth seal structure, and the amount of misalignment of the third inner groove 211 and the fourth inner groove is ensured by machining.
In step S8, the sensing area of the reading head 400 and the grating ring 300 are placed in the middle to ensure the accuracy of measurement. Fine tuning the socket head cap wrench screws the first bolt structure through the first through hole 231 formed in the spindle nut head 230, thereby changing the position of the grating ring 300 relative to the reading head 400 and completing precise alignment of the grating ring 300.
After the first installation alignment has been performed, the position of the rear fixing ring 110 can be used as a standard basis, and during the subsequent adjustment, only the front baffle ring 220, the spindle nut head 230 and the front mounting ring 210 (with the grating ring 300) can be operated, and the remaining parts are fixed to the spindle 010. In particular, in order to ensure that the position of the grating ring 300 relative to the reading head 400 is unchanged, the grating ring 300 and the front mounting ring 210 are detached as a whole, and are not separated, so that the requirement can be met by attaching and positioning only the step surfaces of the front mounting ring 210 and the rear fixing ring 110 in the subsequent disassembly.
During installation, the thermally-assembled rear fixing ring 110 is firstly ensured to be parallel to the end face 020 of the main shaft, the dial indicator is used for measuring the radial runout of the parts, all the parts are optimally adjusted, and after all the parts and the main shaft 010 are sleeved, the coaxiality of the parts and the main shaft 010 is required to be calibrated. The accuracy of the installation of the open circular grating measuring system is ensured by ensuring the parallelism of the installation among all parts and the coaxiality of the main shaft 010, so that the accuracy of the measuring angle of the grating ring 300 is ensured.
Finally, in order to ensure that the reading head 400 is free from pollution, after the grating ring 300 is disassembled, the reading head protection plate is attached to the outer cover 120 and connected through screws, so that the corrosion of corrosive liquid to the reading head 400 can be effectively prevented, and the service life is prolonged.
In summary, in the open circular grating measuring system and the installation method thereof provided by the invention, at the rear part, the possibility that the lubricating oil enters the first inner groove 111 and the second inner groove 121 is reduced through the inner ring labyrinth formed by the first inner groove 111 on the outer peripheral wall of the rear fixing ring 110 and the second inner groove 121 on the inner peripheral wall of the outer cover 120; at the front, during operation, the accidentally entered lubricating oil first enters the fifth inner groove of the front baffle ring 220, and then enters the fourth inner groove of the front baffle ring 220 and the third inner groove 211 of the front mounting ring 210 after accumulating a certain amount, however, the entering difficulty of the above lubricating oil is large due to the labyrinth property whether it enters the fifth inner groove or the fourth inner groove and the third inner groove 211; therefore, under the premise of open installation, the structure of the rear part and the front part achieves a superior sealing effect, and effectively solves the problem of pollution of the grating ring 300 inside; the structure is a shaft sleeve part, is machined and formed at one time, is matched and processed, is directly connected with the main shaft 010, ensures the consistency of rotation of the grating ring 300 and the main shaft 010, and has the advantages of relatively simple whole structure, small occupied space, simple and convenient operation, low cost and high installation efficiency.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes using the descriptions and drawings of the present invention or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields are included in the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An open circular grating measurement system, comprising:
the inner ring seal (100) comprises an annular rear fixing ring (110) and an annular outer cover (120), wherein a first inner groove (111) is formed in the periphery of the outer peripheral wall of the rear fixing ring (110), a second inner groove (121) is formed in the periphery of the inner peripheral wall of the outer cover (120), the inner peripheral wall of the outer cover (120) is in clearance fit with the outer peripheral wall of the rear fixing ring (110), the first inner groove (111) and the second inner groove (121) are connected in the circumferential direction and are arranged in a staggered mode in the thickness direction, the rear fixing ring (110) is connected to an external spindle (010), and the outer cover (120) is connected to an external spindle end face (020);
the outer ring seal (200) comprises a front mounting ring (210), a front baffle ring (220) and a spindle nut head (230), wherein the front mounting ring (210) is coaxially fixed on the rear fixing ring (110), the spindle nut head (230) is connected to the free end of an external spindle (010) and abuts against the front mounting ring (210) in the thickness direction, the front baffle ring (220) is fixed on the outer cover (120), the diameter of the front mounting ring (210) is larger than that of the spindle nut head (230), the inner peripheral wall of the front baffle ring (220) is respectively in clearance fit with the outer peripheral wall of the rear fixing ring (110) and the outer peripheral wall of the spindle nut head (230) at two ends in the thickness direction, a third inner groove (211) is formed on the outer peripheral wall of the front mounting ring (210), the inner peripheral wall of the front baffle ring (220) is internally and externally provided with a first annular wall (221), a second annular wall (222) and a third annular wall (222) in the thickness direction, the first annular wall (221) and the third annular wall (222) are connected with the third inner groove (211) in the thickness direction, the third annular wall (223) and the fourth annular wall (222) are formed in a mutual mode, an annular mounting cavity is formed in the middle of the outer ring seal (200) and the inner ring seal (100) in the thickness direction;
a grating ring (300) secured within the mounting cavity;
and the reading head (400) is fixed at the radial outer end in the mounting cavity and is arranged corresponding to the outer peripheral wall of the grating ring (300).
2. An open circular grating measurement system according to claim 1, wherein the inner ring of the housing (120) has a gap of 2 to 5mm between the thickness direction and the length direction free end of the spindle end face (020).
3. An open circular grating measurement system according to claim 1, wherein the first inner groove (111) and the second inner groove (121) each have an outwardly expanding trapezoid cross section; the cross sections of the third inner groove (211) and the fourth inner groove are rectangular.
4. The open circular grating measurement system according to claim 1, wherein the front mounting ring (210) is connected to the rear fixing ring (110) by a plurality of first bolt structures, wherein the penetration side of the first bolt structures is in the direction of the spindle (010).
5. An open circular grating measurement system according to claim 4, wherein the spindle nut head (230) is provided with a first through hole (231) corresponding to the first bolt structure.
6. The open circular grating measurement system according to claim 5, wherein the first through hole (231) is kidney-shaped in the circumferential direction of the spindle nut head (230), the first bolt structure being connected between the first through hole (231) and the rear fixing ring (110).
7. An open circular grating measurement system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a front or peripheral wall of the front baffle ring (220) at a lower position is provided with a first drainage aperture (224) leading to the fourth inner groove, and a peripheral wall of the housing (120) at a lower vertical position is provided with a second drainage aperture.
8. An open circular grating measurement system according to claim 5, wherein the readhead (400) is secured to the housing (120) by a second bolt arrangement, wherein the second bolt arrangement extends through the thickness of the housing (120) into the mounting cavity to secure the readhead (400).
9. An open circular grating measurement system according to claim 8, wherein the grating ring (300) is connected to the front mounting ring (210) by a plurality of third bolt structures.
10. An installation method applied to the open circular grating measurement system of claim 8, comprising:
s1, fixing a rear fixing ring (110) on a main shaft (010) in an interference manner by a hot-fitting method, wherein the rear fixing ring (110) and the end surface (020) of the main shaft have a gap of 2-5 mm in the length direction of the main shaft (010);
s2, fixedly connecting the reading head (400) with the outer cover (120) through a second bolt structure;
s3, mounting the outer cover (120) on the end face (020) of the main shaft, wherein a gap of 2-5 mm is formed between the inner ring of the outer cover (120) and the free end of the main shaft end face (020) in the length direction in the thickness direction;
s4, connecting the grating ring (300) with the front mounting ring (210);
s5, connecting the front mounting ring (210) and the rear fixing ring (110) through a first bolt structure;
s6, connecting the spindle nut head (230) to the spindle (010);
s7, connecting the front baffle ring (220) to the outer cover (120);
s8, a spanner is used for penetrating through a first through hole (231) in the spindle nut head (230) to adjust the first bolt structure so that the grating ring (300) is opposite to the reading head (400).
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| JP2010089593A (en) * | 2008-10-07 | 2010-04-22 | Ntn Corp | Wheel bearing device with rotation speed sensing device |
| CN206740152U (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2017-12-12 | 广州林茨机电科技有限公司 | A kind of track traffic high precision photoelectric encoder |
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| JP2018536167A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2018-12-06 | レニショウ パブリック リミテッド カンパニーＲｅｎｉｓｈａｗ Ｐｕｂｌｉｃ Ｌｉｍｉｔｅｄ Ｃｏｍｐａｎｙ | Encoder |
| US11680828B2 (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2023-06-20 | Renishaw Plc | Sealed linear encoder and sealing lip for a sealed linear encoder |
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| JP2010089593A (en) * | 2008-10-07 | 2010-04-22 | Ntn Corp | Wheel bearing device with rotation speed sensing device |
| CN206740152U (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2017-12-12 | 广州林茨机电科技有限公司 | A kind of track traffic high precision photoelectric encoder |
| CN215432809U (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2022-01-07 | 深圳市精雕数控设备有限公司 | Section bar machining center with high-sealing-performance grating ruler sealing device |
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