CN116717975A - Heat pump circulation drying system - Google Patents
Heat pump circulation drying system Download PDFInfo
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- CN116717975A CN116717975A CN202310981528.0A CN202310981528A CN116717975A CN 116717975 A CN116717975 A CN 116717975A CN 202310981528 A CN202310981528 A CN 202310981528A CN 116717975 A CN116717975 A CN 116717975A
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 113
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 abstract description 93
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 95
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001148470 aerobic bacillus Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010840 domestic wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007794 irritation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012737 fresh medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)CC(F)(F)F MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010407 vacuum cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
- F26B9/06—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
- F26B23/10—Heating arrangements using tubes or passages containing heated fluids, e.g. acting as radiative elements; Closed-loop systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/06—Chambers, containers, or receptacles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
- F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
- F26B2200/18—Sludges, e.g. sewage, waste, industrial processes, cooling towers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a heat pump circulation drying system, which comprises a vacuum dryer, a condenser and a circulation heat pump, wherein the circulation heat pump comprises a first circulation loop formed by sequentially communicating a cooler, a throttling device, an evaporator and a compressor, and a first medium circulates in the first circulation loop; the vacuum dryer and the cooler are communicated with a second circulation loop, a second medium is circulated in the second circulation loop, and the second medium is used as a heat source of the vacuum dryer; the condenser and the evaporator are communicated with a third circulation loop, a third medium flows in the third circulation loop, and the third medium is used as a waste heat source of the circulation heat pump; the air outlet of the vacuum dryer is communicated with the air inlet of the condenser. The heat pump circulation drying system can reduce the cost of sludge drying and improve the applicability.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of sludge drying, in particular to a heat pump circulation drying system.
Background
With the development of economy and society, urban population of China is continuously increased, domestic wastewater is continuously increased, and sludge generated by corresponding water treatment is also increased. The water content of the sludge after dehydration and filter pressing in a sewage treatment plant is still higher (60% -85%), the sewage treatment plant is easy to stink and harmful to the ecological environment, and the further treatment difficulty is also higher, so that the wet sludge is generally required to be subjected to drying treatment.
The sludge drying equipment mainly comprises disc drying, blade drying, thin layer drying, belt drying and the like, wherein the belt drying and thin layer drying equipment has higher cost, and the relatively low cost disc drying, blade drying and the like can only be used for drying sludge by taking high-temperature steam as a heat source, so that the sludge drying equipment is suitable for occasions with steam heat sources, such as coal-fired power plants, garbage burning plants and the like, and has limited application prospects.
Therefore, how to reduce the cost of sludge drying and improve the applicability is a technical problem to be solved by the person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a heat pump circulation drying system which can reduce the cost of sludge drying and improve the applicability.
In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides a heat pump circulation drying system, which comprises a vacuum dryer, a condenser and a circulation heat pump, wherein the circulation heat pump comprises a first circulation loop formed by sequentially communicating a cooler, a throttling device, an evaporator and a compressor, and a first medium flows in the first circulation loop; the vacuum dryer and the cooler are communicated with a second circulation loop, a second medium flows in the second circulation loop, and the second medium is used as a heat source of the vacuum dryer; the condenser and the evaporator are communicated with a third circulation loop, a third medium flows in the third circulation loop, and the third medium is used as a waste heat source of the circulation heat pump; and an air outlet of the vacuum dryer is communicated with an air inlet of the condenser.
In the heat pump circulation drying system, a vacuum dryer is adopted to dry the wet sludge, specifically, the wet sludge is continuously conveyed into a closed shell, and the wet sludge is heated through a second medium while vacuumizing. Through the evacuation, casing inner chamber pressure reduces, and the boiling point of water reduces to very easily reach saturated condition, the inside and outside vapor partial pressure difference of mud increases, and the inside moisture of mud passes through pressure difference and concentration difference diffusion to the surface, and the hydrone obtains sufficient kinetic energy on the mud surface, and after overcoming the mutual gravitation between the molecule, escape to the low pressure space in the casing, thereby is pumped by the vacuum pump. The water migration efficiency is improved, so that the time for vacuum drying is shorter than that for drying under normal pressure and micro negative pressure, and the equipment size can be controlled.
In addition, the equipment is small in size, the corresponding heat dissipation capacity is small, and the amount of non-condensable gas in the waste gas in a vacuum state is extremely small, so that the sensible heat loss of the non-condensable gas is also extremely small, and the system energy consumption is lower than that of a conventional drying mode.
When the vacuum dryer is used for drying wet sludge, the moisture evaporation temperature of the wet sludge can be effectively reduced, the temperature requirement of a drying heat source (second medium) is reduced, the vacuum dryer can be disc drying or blade drying, high-quality steam is not required to be used as a heat source, the temperature requirement on the heat source is reduced, a cooler of a circulating heat pump can be used for circularly heating the second medium, the heat of tail gas discharged by the vacuum dryer when the sludge is dried is recycled, the second medium is circularly heated by the circulating heat pump, the cost of sludge drying treatment can be effectively reduced, and the vacuum dryer is suitable for occasions without high-temperature steam or other high-temperature heat sources, and has wide applicability.
In addition, the vacuum dryer is vacuumized to form negative pressure, so that the phenomenon of odor overflow can be avoided. Meanwhile, in the vacuum drying environment, the inside of the cavity of the dryer is in an anoxic state, so that most of aerobic bacteria and harmful microorganisms in the sludge can be killed in an auxiliary manner, and the dried sludge finished product provides favorable conditions for sludge recycling.
Of course, other heat-sensitive materials requiring low-temperature drying can be treated by a vacuum dryer, and dangerous materials such as easy oxidation, easy explosion, strong irritation and the like can also be treated. For conventional sludge, the explosion risk of conventional disc drying or blade drying is eliminated due to the anaerobic low temperature.
Optionally, the cooler comprises a first water tank communicated with the second circulation loop, wherein a second medium is stored in the first water tank, and the heat released by cooling the first medium is absorbed; the evaporator comprises a second water tank communicated with the third circulation loop, a third medium is stored in the second water tank, and the first medium evaporates and absorbs heat of the third medium in the second water tank.
Optionally, a heat dissipation part is further communicated in the third circulation loop, the heat dissipation part comprises a third branch and a fourth branch which are arranged in parallel, a cooling tower is communicated in the fourth branch, and regulating valves are further respectively arranged in the third branch and the fourth branch.
Optionally, water treatment parts are further respectively arranged in the second circulation loop and the third circulation loop, and each water treatment part comprises a dosing device, a water supplementing device and a sewage discharging device.
Optionally, the working pressure in the vacuum dryer is-0.07 MPa to-0.09 MPa.
Optionally, the vacuum dryer comprises a shell, a driving part, a dryer and a hollow shaft, wherein the dryer and the hollow shaft are arranged in the shell, and the shell is provided with a continuous feed inlet and a continuous discharge outlet; the side wall of the shell is provided with a jacket, and the jacket is provided with a first water inlet and a first water outlet; the dryer is located along the axial the periphery wall of hollow shaft, be equipped with dry heat flow chamber in the dryer, dry heat flow chamber with the inner chamber intercommunication of hollow shaft, the one end of hollow shaft be equipped with the second water inlet of inner chamber intercommunication, the other end of hollow shaft be equipped with the second delivery port of inner chamber intercommunication. The hollow shaft drives the dryer to continuously rotate under the action of the driving part.
Optionally, the drying heat flow cavity and the jacket are respectively provided with a channel baffle to form a loop-shaped flow channel.
Optionally, a partition plate is axially arranged in the hollow shaft, the partition plate separates the inner cavity of the hollow shaft to form a first cavity and a second cavity, through holes communicated with the drying heat flow cavities are respectively formed in the side wall of the first cavity and the side wall of the second cavity, one end of the first cavity, which faces the continuous feeding port, is blocked, one end of the first cavity, which faces the continuous discharging port, is provided with a second water inlet, one end of the second cavity, which faces the continuous feeding port, is provided with a second water outlet, and one end of the second cavity, which faces the continuous discharging port, is blocked.
Optionally, along the axial direction of the hollow shaft, the inner cavity of the shell comprises a first area, a second area, a third area and a fourth area which are sequentially arranged, wherein a first boundary between the first area and the second area is in the range of 15-25% L, a second boundary between the second area and the third area is in the range of 60-75% L, and a third boundary between the third area and the fourth area is in the range of 80-90% L, wherein L is the length of the shell; the surfaces of the dryers located in the first and third areas are provided with convex structures; the continuous feed inlet is positioned at the top of the first area, and the continuous discharge outlet is positioned on the side wall of the lower part of the fourth area.
Optionally, the vacuum cleaner also comprises a vacuum cleaner communicated with the air outlet, and an outlet of the vacuum cleaner is communicated with an air inlet of the condenser.
Optionally, the vacuum cleaner is a filter-type cleaner, and the filter-type cleaner is located right above the air outlet.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat pump cycle drying system according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of the circulating heat pump of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the vacuum dryer of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the distribution of sludge in each region of the vacuum dryer.
In fig. 1 to 4, reference numerals are explained as follows:
1-vacuum drier, 11-air outlet, 12-shell, 121-first area, 122-second area, 123-third area, 124-fourth area, 13-hollow shaft, 131-second water inlet, 132-second water outlet, 14-drier, 15-continuous feed inlet, 16-continuous discharge outlet, 17-jacket water inlet pipe, 171-first water inlet, 18-jacket water outlet pipe, 181-first water outlet, 19-driving part;
2-condenser, 21-air inlet;
3-circulation heat pump, 31-cooler, 311-first water tank, 32-throttling device, 33-evaporator, 331-second water tank, 34-compressor, 35-first circulation loop;
4-second circulation loop, 41-first branch, 42-second branch, 43-first drive pump;
5-a third circulation loop, 51-a second drive pump;
6-a heat radiating part, 61-a third branch, 62-a fourth branch, 63-a cooling tower and 64-a regulating valve;
71-a dosing device, 72-a water supplementing device and 73-a sewage discharging device;
8-a vacuum cleaner;
9-vacuum pump.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present application better understood by those skilled in the art, the present application will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
With the development of economy and society, urban population of China is continuously increased, domestic wastewater is continuously increased, and sludge generated by corresponding water treatment is also increased. The water content of the sludge after dehydration and filter pressing in the sewage treatment plant is still higher (60% -85%), the sewage is easy to stink and harmful to the ecological environment, and the further treatment difficulty is also higher. Thus, it is necessary to dry wet sludge.
The embodiment of the application provides a heat pump cycle drying system, which comprises a vacuum dryer 1, a condenser 2 and a cycle heat pump 3, as shown in fig. 1. Specifically, the heat pump cycle drying system includes three circulation circuits of a first circulation circuit 35, a second circulation circuit 4, and a third circulation circuit 5.
As shown in fig. 1, the first circulation circuit 35 is formed by sequentially connecting the cooler 31, the throttle device 32, the evaporator 33 and the compressor 34 of the circulation heat pump 3, and a first medium, such as R245fa, R134a or CO, flows through the first circulation circuit 35 2 And the like, the first medium which is circulated in the circulation heat pump 3 and pressurized and heated by the compressor 34 releases heat in the cooler 31, the heat is absorbed by the second medium which passes through the cooler 31, then the first medium is depressurized and cooled by the throttling device 32, then the first medium enters the evaporator 33 to absorb the heat of the third medium for evaporation, and then the second medium is pressurized and heated by the compressor 34, and the reciprocating circulation is performed.
The second circulation loop 4 is internally communicated with the vacuum dryer 1 and the cooler 31, a second medium flows in the second circulation loop 4, when the second medium flows through the cooler 31, the temperature of the second medium rises after absorbing heat released by cooling of the first medium, then the second medium flows into the vacuum dryer 1 along the second circulation loop 4, after wet sludge in the vacuum dryer 1 is dried as a heat source, the second medium is cooled, and then flows into the cooler 31 along the second circulation loop 4 to absorb heat released by cooling of the first medium, and the second medium circulates reciprocally.
The third circulation circuit 5 is connected to the condenser 2 and the evaporator 33, and the third medium is used as a waste heat source of the circulation heat pump 3, and can supply heat for evaporation of the first medium in the evaporator 33. The air outlet 11 of the vacuum dryer 1 is communicated with the air inlet 21 of the condenser 2, tail gas generated in the drying process of wet sludge is discharged from the air outlet 11 of the vacuum dryer 1, the wet sludge is introduced into the condenser 2 through a pipeline to be condensed and release heat, the temperature of the third medium is increased after absorbing the heat, the third medium flows into the evaporator 33 along the third circulation loop 5 to provide heat for the evaporation of the first medium, the temperature is reduced after providing heat for the evaporation of the first medium, and the third medium flows into the condenser 2 along the third circulation loop 5 to absorb the heat released by the condensation of the tail gas, and the third medium is circulated in a reciprocating manner.
In the heat pump circulation drying system, the wet sludge is dried by adopting a vacuum dryer 1, specifically, the wet sludge is continuously conveyed into a closed shell 12, and the wet sludge is heated through a second medium while vacuumizing. Through the evacuation, casing 12 inner chamber pressure reduces, and the boiling point of water reduces to very easily reach saturated condition, the inside and outside vapor partial pressure difference of mud increases, and the inside moisture of mud passes through pressure difference and concentration difference diffusion to the surface, and the hydrone obtains sufficient kinetic energy on the mud surface, and after overcoming the mutual gravitation between the molecule, escape to the low pressure space in the casing 12, thereby is taken away by vacuum pump 9. The water migration efficiency is improved, so that the time for vacuum drying is shorter than that for drying under normal pressure and micro negative pressure, and the equipment size can be controlled.
In addition, the equipment is small in size, the corresponding heat dissipation capacity is small, and the amount of non-condensable gas in the waste gas in a vacuum state is extremely small, so that the sensible heat loss of the non-condensable gas is also extremely small, and the system energy consumption is lower than that of a conventional drying mode.
When the vacuum dryer 1 is used for drying wet sludge, the moisture evaporation temperature of the wet sludge can be effectively reduced, the temperature requirement of a drying heat source (second medium) is reduced, the vacuum dryer 1 can be used for disc drying or blade drying, high-quality steam is not required to be used as a heat source, the temperature requirement on the heat source is reduced, specifically, the cooler 31 of the circulating heat pump 3 can be used for circularly heating the second medium, the heat of tail gas discharged by the vacuum dryer 1 when drying the sludge is recycled, the circulating heat pump 3 is used for circularly heating the second medium, the cost of sludge drying treatment can be effectively reduced, and the vacuum dryer is suitable for occasions without high-temperature steam or other high-temperature heat sources, and has wide applicability.
In addition, the vacuum dryer 1 can avoid the phenomenon of odor overflow due to the negative pressure formed by vacuum pumping. Meanwhile, in the vacuum drying environment, the inside of the cavity of the dryer is in an anoxic state, so that most of aerobic bacteria and harmful microorganisms in the sludge can be killed in an auxiliary manner, and the dried sludge finished product provides favorable conditions for sludge recycling.
Of course, other heat-sensitive materials requiring low-temperature drying can be treated by the vacuum dryer 1, and dangerous materials such as easy oxidation, easy explosion, strong irritation and the like can also be treated. For conventional sludge, the explosion risk of conventional disc drying or blade drying is eliminated due to the anaerobic low temperature.
Specifically, the vacuum dryer 1 is a horizontal vacuum dryer, the working pressure in the horizontal vacuum dryer is between-0.07 MPa and-0.09 MPa, so that the moisture evaporation temperature of wet sludge is reduced to 45 ℃ to 70 ℃, the second medium can be heated to 80 ℃ to 100 ℃ after absorbing the heat released by the cooler 31 by the first medium, and a larger heat transfer temperature difference exists between the second medium and the moisture evaporation temperature of the sludge, so that power can be provided for drying the wet sludge.
As shown in fig. 1, the second circulation circuit 4 is provided with a first drive pump 43 for supplying power to the circulation of the second medium, and the third circulation circuit 5 is provided with a second drive pump 51 for supplying power to the circulation of the third medium.
As shown in fig. 2, the cooler 31 includes a first water tank 311, and the evaporator 33 includes a second water tank 331, wherein a second medium is stored in the first water tank 311, and a third medium is stored in the second water tank 331.
The first medium cools and releases heat when passing through the cooler 31, and this heat is absorbed by the second medium in the first water tank 311, and the second medium in the first water tank 311 is entirely warmed up, and then flows into the vacuum dryer 1 along the second circulation loop 4 by the first drive pump 43. The first medium evaporates to absorb heat when passing through the evaporator 33, and this part of heat is supplied from the third medium in the second water tank 331, and the third medium in the second water tank 331 is entirely cooled, and then flows along the third circulation loop 5 by the second driving pump 51.
The cooler 31 exchanges heat between the first medium and the second medium through the first water tank 311, the water temperature in the first water tank 311 is higher, the first water tank 311 is equivalent to a hot water tank, the evaporator 33 exchanges heat between the first medium and the third medium through the second water tank 331, the water temperature in the second water tank 331 is lower than the water temperature in the first water tank 311, the second water tank 331 is equivalent to a warm water tank, indirect heat exchange is performed by adopting the hot water tank and the warm water tank, on the one hand, the hot water in the water tank and the pipeline has a better heat storage effect, the time required for starting (preheating) the device is reduced, unnecessary heat release of the device to the outside in a short-time shutdown stage is also reduced, meanwhile, the operation of the device is stable, and the device can be adjusted according to the change of the water content of sludge or the change of the sludge quantity (namely, the circulating medium quantity in the second circulating loop 4 and the third circulating loop 5 is adjusted).
As shown in fig. 1, a heat dissipation part 6 is further provided in the third circulation loop 5, and the heat dissipation part 6 includes a third branch 61 and a fourth branch 62 arranged in parallel, wherein a cooling tower 63 is connected to the fourth branch 62. That is, the third medium is reduced in temperature after being evaporated by the evaporator 33 and providing heat for the evaporation of the first medium, and then a part of the third medium flows into the third branch 61, a part of the third medium flows into the fourth branch 62 and is further cooled by the cooling tower 63 and releases the heat, and then the third medium of the third branch 61 and the third medium of the fourth branch 62 are combined and flow into the condenser 2 together to absorb the heat released by the condensation of the exhaust gas.
As shown in fig. 1, the third branch 61 and the fourth branch 62 are respectively provided with a regulating valve 64 for regulating the flow of the third medium of the third branch 61 and the fourth branch 62, in the circulation drying system, the compressor 34 in the circulation heat pump 3 can continuously input heat into the system through power on, the system can release a part of heat, the cooling tower 63 is arranged, redundant heat can be released into the air, and the heat released by the cooling tower 63 can be regulated through the regulating valve 64, so that the overall heat balance in the system is ensured.
As shown in fig. 1, the second circulation circuit 4 and the third circulation circuit 5 are respectively provided with a water treatment portion, specifically, the water treatment portion includes a dosing device 71, a water replenishing device 72, and a sewage discharging device 73. After the medium water circularly flows along the pipeline for a long time, various impurities are inevitably mixed in the medium water and are precipitated, the precipitated impurities can be discharged by the sewage discharging device 73, and particularly, sewage can be discharged periodically according to the water quality condition. Meanwhile, fresh medium water is supplemented through the water supplementing device 72, anti-corrosion and anti-scaling agents can be added into the loop through the dosing device 71, and the water treatment part can clean and purify the medium water in the loop, so that smooth medium water circulation is ensured.
As shown in fig. 3, the vacuum dryer 1 comprises a shell 12, a driving part 19, a dryer 14 and a hollow shaft 13, wherein the dryer 14 and the hollow shaft 13 are arranged in the shell 12, a continuous feed port 15 is arranged at the top of one side end of the shell 12, a continuous discharge port 16 is arranged on the side wall of the lower part of the other side of the shell 12, a jacket is further arranged on the side wall of the shell 12 and is provided with a first water inlet 171 and a first water outlet 181, and is connected with a jacket water inlet pipe 17 and a jacket water outlet pipe 18, wherein the jacket water inlet pipe 17 is provided with the first water inlet 171, the jacket water outlet pipe 18 is provided with the first water outlet 181, the dryer 14 is axially arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the hollow shaft 13, a drying heat flow cavity is arranged in the dryer 14 and is communicated with the inner cavity of the hollow shaft 13, a second water inlet 131 is arranged at one end of the hollow shaft 13, a second water outlet 132 is arranged at the other end of the hollow shaft 13, and the second water inlet 131 and the second water outlet 132 are respectively communicated with the inner cavity of the hollow shaft 13. The hollow shaft 13 can drive 14 the drier to rotate continuously under the driving action of the driving part 19.
The first water inlet 171 and the first water outlet 181 form a first branch 41, the second water inlet 131 and the second water outlet 132 form a second branch 42, and the first branch 41 and the second branch 42 are connected in parallel and communicated in the second circulation loop 4. That is, after the second medium is heated by the heat absorbed by the cooler 31, a part of the second medium enters the jacket through the first water inlet 171, another part of the second medium enters the hollow shaft 13 and the dryer 14 through the second water inlet 131, and after the second medium participates in heat exchange, the second medium discharged through the first water outlet 181 and the second water outlet 132 flows back to the cooler 31 again along the second circulation loop 4 to absorb the heat for heating.
The vacuum dryer 1 can effectively improve the drying effect by drying the wet sludge through the second medium in the jacket, the hollow shaft 13 and the second medium in the dryer 14.
Specifically, the number of the dryers 14 is plural, the dryers 14 may be hollow discs or hollow paddles, each dryer 14 is axially spaced on the outer peripheral wall of the hollow shaft 13, and the propelling part of the dryer 14 can form a spiral structure on the outer periphery of the hollow shaft 13 in the axial direction. The sludge enters from the continuous feed port 15 of the shell 12, the driving part 19 can drive the dryer 14 to rotate when driving the hollow shaft 13 to rotate, the sludge can be adhered to the surface of the dryer 14, and the sludge is pushed to the continuous discharge port 16 from the continuous feed port 15 through the spiral pushing structure, in the process, the wet sludge is heated through the hollow shaft 13, the second medium in the dryer 14 and the second medium in the jacket, so that the wet sludge is sufficiently dried.
The use of hollow discs or hollow blades or the like as the dryer 14 allows the overall equipment footprint of the vacuum dryer 1 to be significantly smaller than conventional belt dryers.
As shown in fig. 3, the second water outlet 132 is located at a side close to the continuous inlet 15, and the second water inlet 131 is located at a side close to the continuous outlet 16, that is, the flow direction of the second medium in the second branch 42 is opposite to the flow direction of the sludge in the housing 12, so that the temperature of the second medium at a side facing the continuous outlet 16 in the housing 12 is higher than the temperature of the second medium at a side facing the continuous inlet 15 during the movement along the axial direction of the hollow shaft 13, thereby ensuring the dryness of the sludge near the continuous outlet 16 and the dryness of the sludge discharged from the continuous outlet 16.
The sludge enters the shell 12 from the continuous feed port 15, the driving part 19 drives the hollow shaft 13 to rotate and pushes the sludge to move to one side of the continuous discharge port 16, in the process, the hollow shaft 13, the second medium in the dryer 14 and the second medium in the jacket simultaneously heat and dry the sludge, the dried sludge is discharged from the continuous discharge port 16, that is, the sludge continuously enters from the continuous feed port 15, the dried sludge is continuously discharged from the continuous discharge port 16, the first water inlet 171 and the second water inlet 131 continuously feed the second medium, and the inner cavity of the shell 12 is always kept in a vacuum state. Thus, the vacuum dryer 1 can be ensured to continuously dry the sludge, and the operation is stopped without considering the discharge of the dried sludge, so that the drying efficiency and the treatment capacity of the sludge can be effectively improved.
And a channel baffle is arranged in the drying heat flow cavity and the jacket respectively to form a return-shaped flow channel. The second medium can flow along the circular flow channel in the drying heat flow cavity and the jacket to increase turbulence, and the circular flow channel is also beneficial to the second medium to fill the drying heat flow cavity and the jacket, so that the utilization rate of the drying heat flow cavity and the jacket is improved, the sludge drying efficiency is improved, the volume of the vacuum dryer 1 can be effectively reduced under the condition of the same sludge drying treatment capacity, and the cost is reduced.
When the dryer 14 is a hollow blade, two hollow shafts 13 can be arranged, when the dryer 14 is a hollow disc, a partition plate is further arranged in the hollow shaft 13 along the axial direction, the partition plate separates the inner cavity of the hollow shaft 13 to form a first cavity and a second cavity which are mutually independent, through holes communicated with the drying heat flow cavity are respectively formed in the side walls of the two cavities, specifically, one end of the first cavity, which faces the continuous feeding port 15, is blocked, one end of the first cavity, which faces the continuous discharging port 16, is provided with a second water inlet 131, one end of the second cavity, which faces the continuous feeding port 15, is provided with a second water outlet 132, and one end of the second cavity, which faces the continuous discharging port 16, is blocked.
The second medium is water, the second medium enters the first cavity from the second water inlet 131 and enters each drying heat flow cavity from the through hole, then the drying heat flow cavity is filled with the drying heat flow cavity along the rectangular flow channel, and after the drying heat flow cavity participates in heat exchange, the second medium enters the second cavity from the through hole again and is discharged from the second water outlet 132 of the second cavity. That is, the second medium before the heat exchange with the sludge is circulated in the first cavity, and the second medium after the heat exchange with the sludge is circulated in the second cavity, wherein the temperature in the first cavity is higher than the temperature in the second cavity.
By this arrangement, the second medium can be ensured to enter and fill each drying heat flow cavity, and the heat exchange effect of each dryer 14 can be ensured. Also, the arrangement of the inlet and outlet water of the hollow shaft 13 and the dryers 14 is such that the flow resistance of the second medium through each dryer 14 is uniform, thus ensuring uniformity of the flow.
The inner cavity of the housing 12 includes a first region 121, a second region 122, a third region 123 and a fourth region 124 sequentially arranged in the axial direction, and the arrangement situation of the four regions is approximately as shown in fig. 4, wherein a first boundary P1 is formed between the first region 121 and the second region 122, a second boundary P2 is formed between the second region 122 and the third region 123, a third boundary P3 is formed between the third region 123 and the fourth region 124, the length of the inner cavity of the housing 12 is L, the first boundary P1 is approximately in the range of 15% L-25% L along the length direction, the second boundary P2 is approximately in the range of 60% L-75% L, and the third boundary P3 is approximately in the range of 80% L-90% L.
The continuous feed port 15 is disposed at the top of the first area 121, the continuous discharge port 16 is disposed on the lower side wall of the fourth area 124, specifically, the continuous discharge port 16 is an opening formed in the casing 12, the height of the continuous discharge port 16 is not higher than that of the dryer 14, and the continuous discharge port 16 is further externally connected with a sludge discharge channel. In the first area 121, sludge enters the first area 121 from the continuous feed port 15, the sludge in the first area 121 is not easy to adhere to the wall surface of the dryer 14 and easily falls to the bottom of the first area 121 due to high water content, low viscosity and good fluidity, and as the hollow shaft 13 and the dryer 14 rotate and push and dry the sludge, the sludge expands when reaching the second area 122, so that the fullness of the sludge in the second area 122 is high, the sludge is easy to adhere to the surface of the dryer 14, the sludge is in a semi-drying state, the viscosity is reduced, the sludge is not easy to adhere to the surface of the dryer 14, and the sludge is in a drying state and can be discharged from the continuous discharge port 16 in the fourth area 124.
The surfaces of the drier 14 positioned in the first area 121 and the drier 14 positioned in the third area 123 are provided with raised structures, and the raised structures can increase the adhesion force between the sludge and the surface of the drier 14, increase the adhesion area and the adhesion time of the sludge on the surface of the drier 14, improve the utilization efficiency of the drier 14 in the first area 121, accelerate the drying of the sludge and improve the sludge quantity in the first area 121, thereby improving the space utilization rate of the first area 121; similarly, the viscosity of the sludge in the third area 123 is also obviously reduced, the adhesion force between the sludge and the surface of the dryer 14 can be increased by arranging the surface as a convex structure, the utilization rate of the dryer 14 in the third area 123 is improved, and the problem that the utilization rate of the drying area of the conventional dryer in the later 1/3L section is low is solved.
That is, in the present embodiment, the interior of the housing 12 is divided into four regions from the continuous inlet 15 to the continuous outlet 16 according to the sludge condition, and the surface of the drier 14 in a partial region is provided with a convex structure, so as to increase the bonding area and bonding time between the sludge and the drier 14, improve the utilization efficiency of the drier 14 in each region, and improve the utilization rate of the drying area.
As shown in fig. 4, curve a is a graph of the sludge amount in each region of the casing 12 when the surface of the dryer 14 in each region of the casing 12 has a smooth surface structure in the prior art, and curve b is a graph of the sludge amount in each region of the vacuum dryer 1 provided in this embodiment, and it is apparent that the sludge amount shown in curve b is significantly larger than that shown in curve a in the first region 121 and the partial third region 123 and the fourth region 124. That is, the vacuum dryer 1 provided in this embodiment can increase the throughput of sludge drying, or can reduce the overall volume of the vacuum dryer 1, reduce the cost, increase the productivity and facilitate space arrangement under the same sludge drying throughput.
The dryers 14 of the first and third regions 121 and 123 are made of a patterned steel sheet, and the dryers 14 of the second and fourth regions 122 and 124 are made of a glossy steel sheet. Of course, the dryer 14 of the first and third regions 121 and 123 may be formed by machining such that the surface has protrusions, and may be formed of a patterned steel plate such that the machining process thereof is simplified and the cost is reduced. The sludge in the second region 122 has high viscosity, and the dryer 14 in this region is made of a smooth steel plate, so that the adhesion of the sludge can be properly reduced, and the phenomenon that the dried sludge is accumulated on the surface of the dryer 14 and the dry-wet sludge is not exchanged sufficiently can be avoided.
As shown in fig. 1, the heat pump cycle drying system further comprises a vacuum cleaner 8, wherein the vacuum cleaner 8 is communicated with an air outlet 11 and is used for removing dust from tail gas discharged by the vacuum dryer 1 and preventing pollution and blockage on downstream equipment.
The outlet of the vacuum cleaner 8 is communicated with the air inlet 21 of the condenser 2, and the vacuum cleaner can avoid the condition that the vacuum dryer 1 is decompressed from the air outlet 11 due to vacuum cleaning.
Specifically, the vacuum cleaner 8 is a filter type cleaner, and may specifically be any one of a bag type cleaner, a ceramic fiber cleaner, and a plastic-sintered plate cleaner. The filter type dust remover is positioned right above the air outlet 11, and can be directly purged through the compressed air pipe when the dust is removed in the later stage, dust falls down after sedimentation and returns into the shell 12 through the air outlet 11, and the gas subjected to dust removal and purification is discharged for further treatment.
The tail gas after the vacuum drier 1 is dried mainly comprises dust, vapor, a small amount of non-condensable gas and the like, the tail gas is discharged from the air outlet 11 and is firstly subjected to dust removal through the vacuum cleaner 8, the vacuum cleaner 8 and the vacuum drier 1 adopt a direct connection mode, the separated dust directly falls back into the vacuum drier 1, and the two air outlets 11 are generally arranged corresponding to the two vacuum cleaners 8 and are used for switching, so that the vacuum cleaner 8 is convenient for ensuring the pressure stability in the vacuum drier 1 when the dust is removed by back blowing.
The tail gas after dust removal is condensed and removed by the condenser 2, latent heat of the condensed water released by the condensation is transferred to a third medium, condensed water generated by the condenser 2 is discharged by a vacuum drainage system, and finally the rest non-condensable gas and the water vapor are directly discharged by the power provided by the vacuum pump 9 or are discharged after further advanced treatment.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present application, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The heat pump circulation drying system is characterized by comprising a vacuum dryer (1), a condenser (2) and a circulation heat pump (3), wherein the circulation heat pump (3) comprises a first circulation loop (35) formed by sequentially communicating a cooler (31), a throttling device (32), an evaporator (33) and a compressor (34), and a first medium flows in the first circulation loop (35);
the vacuum dryer (1) and the cooler (31) are communicated with a second circulation loop (4), a second medium is circulated in the second circulation loop (4), and the second medium is used as a heat source of the vacuum dryer (1);
the condenser (2) and the evaporator (33) are communicated with a third circulation loop (5), a third medium is circulated in the third circulation loop (5), and the third medium is used as a waste heat source of the circulation heat pump (3);
an air outlet (11) of the vacuum dryer (1) is communicated with an air inlet (21) of the condenser (2);
the vacuum dryer (1) comprises a shell (12), a driving part (19), a dryer (14) and a hollow shaft (13) which are arranged in the shell (12), wherein the shell (12) is provided with a continuous feed port (15) and a continuous discharge port (16);
a jacket is arranged on the side wall of the shell (12), and a first water inlet (171) and a first water outlet (181) are formed in the jacket;
the dryer (14) is located along the axial the peripheral wall of hollow shaft (13), be equipped with dry heat flow chamber in dryer (14), dry heat flow chamber with the inner chamber intercommunication of hollow shaft (13), the one end of hollow shaft (13) be equipped with second water inlet (131) of inner chamber intercommunication, the other end of hollow shaft (13) be equipped with second delivery port (132) of inner chamber intercommunication, hollow shaft (13) are in drive under the effect of drive portion (19) dryer (14) rotate in succession.
2. The heat pump cycle drying system according to claim 1, wherein the cooler (31) comprises a first water tank (311) communicated with the second circulation loop (4), the first water tank (311) stores a second medium, and absorbs heat released by cooling of the first medium;
the evaporator (33) comprises a second water tank (331) communicated with the third circulation loop (5), a third medium is stored in the second water tank (331), and the first medium evaporates and absorbs heat of the third medium in the second water tank (331).
3. The heat pump cycle drying system according to claim 1, wherein a heat dissipation part (6) is further communicated in the third cycle loop (5), the heat dissipation part (6) comprises a third branch (61) and a fourth branch (62) which are arranged in parallel, a cooling tower (63) is communicated in the fourth branch (62), and regulating valves (64) are further respectively arranged in the third branch (61) and the fourth branch (62).
4. The heat pump cycle drying system according to claim 1, wherein water treatment parts are further provided in the second circulation loop (4) and the third circulation loop (5), respectively, and the water treatment parts comprise a dosing device (71), a water supplementing device (72) and a sewage draining device (73).
5. The heat pump cycle drying system according to claim 1, characterized in that the operating pressure in the vacuum dryer (1) is-0.07 MPa to-0.09 MPa.
6. The heat pump cycle drying system of any one of claims 1-5, wherein said drying heat flow chamber and said jacket are each formed with a serpentine flow path by providing a channel separator.
7. The heat pump cycle drying system according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein a partition plate is arranged in the hollow shaft (13) along the axial direction, the partition plate separates the inner cavity of the hollow shaft (13) to form a first cavity and a second cavity, the side wall of the first cavity and the side wall of the second cavity are respectively provided with a through hole communicated with each drying heat flow cavity, one end of the first cavity, which is directed towards the continuous feeding port (15), is blocked, one end of the first cavity, which is directed towards the continuous discharging port (16), is provided with the second water inlet (131), one end of the second cavity, which is directed towards the continuous feeding port (15), is provided with the second water outlet (132), and one end of the second cavity, which is directed towards the continuous discharging port (16), is blocked.
8. The heat pump cycle drying system according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the interior cavity of the housing (12) comprises a first region (121), a second region (122), a third region (123) and a fourth region (124) arranged in that order along the axial direction of the hollow shaft (13), a first interface between the first region (121) and the second region (122) being in the range of 15-25% L, a second interface between the second region (122) and the third region (123) being in the range of 60-75% L, a third interface between the third region (123) and the fourth region (124) being in the range of 80-90% L, wherein L is the length of the housing (12); the surfaces of the dryers (14) located in the first and third areas (121, 123) are provided in a convex structure;
the continuous feeding port (15) is positioned at the top of the first area (121), and the continuous discharging port (16) is positioned at the lower side wall of the fourth area (124).
9. The heat pump cycle drying system according to any one of claims 1-5, further comprising a vacuum cleaner (8) in communication with the air outlet (11), the outlet of the vacuum cleaner (8) being in communication with the air inlet (21) of the condenser (2).
10. The heat pump cycle drying system according to claim 9, characterized in that the vacuum cleaner (8) is a filter cleaner, which is located directly above the air outlet (11).
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