CN1167172C - Antenna unit and radio apparatus with internal same - Google Patents

Antenna unit and radio apparatus with internal same Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1167172C
CN1167172C CNB998160040A CN99816004A CN1167172C CN 1167172 C CN1167172 C CN 1167172C CN B998160040 A CNB998160040 A CN B998160040A CN 99816004 A CN99816004 A CN 99816004A CN 1167172 C CN1167172 C CN 1167172C
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
antenna
antenna assembly
single wavelength
radiation
angle
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Expired - Fee Related
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CNB998160040A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN1334977A (en
Inventor
斋藤裕
志
春木宏志
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Panasonic Holdings Corp
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Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
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Publication of CN1334977A publication Critical patent/CN1334977A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/22—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using a secondary device in the form of a single substantially straight conductive element
    • H01Q19/26—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using a secondary device in the form of a single substantially straight conductive element the primary active element being end-fed and elongated
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q11/00—Electrically-long antennas having dimensions more than twice the shortest operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q11/02—Non-resonant antennas, e.g. travelling-wave antenna
    • H01Q11/06—Rhombic antennas; V-antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/42—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/44—Resonant antennas with a plurality of divergent straight elements, e.g. V-dipole, X-antenna; with a plurality of elements having mutually inclined substantially straight portions

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  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

Two single wavelength antenna elements (1), (2) are arranged in an opposite lozenge manner, so one end of the antenna element (1) and one end of the antenna element (2) have feeding parts (3), and the other end (4) of the antenna element (1) and the other end (4) of the antenna element (2) are in an open circuit state. In addition, angles (alpha) of bending parts (1a), (2a) at the centers of the antenna elements (1), (2) are respectively selected as optimum angles which obtain optimum irradiating directivity with simple structures. Thereby, an antenna device with high gain is obtained. The antenna device with small size and low external shape can be used as a mobile communication antenna in UHF and a sub-micro wave section.

Description

Antenna assembly
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mobile communication system such as PHS etc. in employed antenna assembly and the wireless device that is built-in with this antenna assembly.
Background technology
So far, people require always mobile communication system such as wireless base station unit among PHS etc. or fixing radio terminal equipment in employed antenna assembly have higher gain.Therefore, people use multistage conllinear array antenna, for example at the antenna shown in JP-A-5-267932, JP-A-9-232851 and the JP-A-8-139521.In such antenna, multistage vertically the setting with respect to vertically polarized wave directionless antenna in horizontal plane guaranteed higher gain thus so that the directivity in vertical plane narrows down.
People also use with the Yagi antenna or comprise the end-fired array array antenna of the dipole antenna of reflector as representative, for example at antenna that JP-A-5-259733 and JP-A-8-304433 put down in writing.In such antenna, in the direction that is parallel to primary radiation passive component is set, guarantee higher gain thus.
People also use with switching (patch) array antenna and are the broadside array antenna of representative, for example at antenna that JP-A-6-334434 put down in writing.In such antenna, in plane, a plurality of antennas are set to carry out distributed feed perpendicular to the direction of primary radiation, guaranteed higher gain thus.
People also use with the loop aerial that includes reflector or slot aerial low profile (profile) antenna as representative, for example at antenna that JP-A-6-268432 and JP-U-6-44219 put down in writing.
On the other hand, as a kind of antenna of known broadside array antenna is two single wavelength antennas to be arranged to square or circular form and the antenna that forms, as at " Antenna Handbook " (CQPublication Co., Ltd) 366 pages described, this antenna is mainly used in the VHF wave band.
Yet, in the multistage conllinear array antenna of aforesaid routine, need vertically multistagely a large amount of antennas be set to guarantee higher gain.For example, need of the gain of about 1 meter height with 10 decibels of acquisitions in 1900 megahertz wave bands.Therefore, guaranteeing existing problems aspect antenna installing space and the mechanical strength.In addition, since it height the such antenna of cause and be not suitable for being built in the wireless device.
In addition, in the end-fired array array antenna of aforesaid routine, a large amount of antennas need be set on the direction of primary radiation to guarantee higher gain.Therefore, guaranteeing existing problems aspect antenna installing space and the mechanical strength.In addition, since it structure the such antenna of cause and be not suitable for being built in the wireless device.
In addition, in the broadside array antenna of aforesaid routine, a large amount of antennas need be set in the plane perpendicular to main radiation direction to guarantee higher gain.Therefore therefore, increase the gross area of antenna, guaranteed existing problems aspect antenna installing space and the mechanical strength.In addition, since it have the such antenna of cause of bigger area and be not suitable for being built in the wireless device.
In addition, though conventional low profile antenna forms with the low contour structures of less size, the problem that exists is to make the directivity of radiation that required characteristic is provided best.
In the antenna that aforesaid single wavelength antennas square by two or that circular form is provided with forms, can only obtain in predetermined vertical plane and the directivity of the radiation in predetermined horizontal plane, therefore the problem that exists is to make the directivity of radiation that required characteristic is provided best.
The present invention is used for the basic above-mentioned variety of issue that solves, therefore an object of the present invention is to provide a kind of antenna assembly, in this antenna assembly, can in broadside array antenna, realize best radiation directivity with two single wavelength antennas, and can obtain higher gain and stronger function, and the low profile antenna of small size that can in UHF and sub-micro wave band, be used as mobile communication system with simple structure.
Summary of the invention
Design the present invention is provided with two single wavelength antennas elements so that can be chosen in the angle of bend at the center of each the single wavelength antennas element in the broadside array antenna is best angle in this broadside array antenna.Therefore, provide so a kind of antenna assembly, in this antenna assembly, can obtain required radiation directivity and have higher gain with simple structure.
A kind of antenna assembly of the present invention, comprise first single wavelength antennas element and second single wavelength antennas element, this first single wavelength antennas element is with the angle [alpha] bending at the center of described first single wavelength antennas element, this second single wavelength antennas element is with the angle [alpha] bending at the center of described second single wavelength antennas element, wherein said first and second single wavelength antennas elements are provided with in rhombus mode respect to one another, it is characterized in that: the end at described first and second single wavelength antennas elements is provided with the feed part, the other end open circuit of described first and second single wavelength antennas elements, and select described angle [alpha] to be best angle, two pairs of described antenna assemblies wherein are set so that main polarization direction intersects with being perpendicular to one another, and with each other 90 the degree phase differences to described two pairs of antenna assembly feeds.Therefore obtain required radiation directivity with the simple plane structure.Therefore can obtain a kind of antenna assembly, this antenna assembly can realize having the circular polarize antenna of higher gain.
Another kind of antenna assembly of the present invention, comprise first single wavelength antennas element and second single wavelength antennas element, this first single wavelength antennas element is with the angle [alpha] bending at the center of described first single wavelength antennas element, this second single wavelength antennas element is with the angle [alpha] bending at the center of described second single wavelength antennas element, wherein said first and second single wavelength antennas elements are provided with in rhombus mode respect to one another, it is characterized in that: the end at described first and second single wavelength antennas elements is provided with the feed part, the other end open circuit of described first and second single wavelength antennas elements, and select described angle [alpha] to be best angle, main radiation direction differs 90 degree each other a plurality of described antenna assemblies wherein to be set so that the direction of main polarization is mutually the same, and with the phase differences of 90 degree each other to described a plurality of described antenna assembly feeds.Therefore can obtain required radiation directivity with simple structure.Therefore can obtain a kind of antenna assembly with higher gain.
Another kind of again antenna assembly of the present invention, comprise first single wavelength antennas element and second single wavelength antennas element, this first single wavelength antennas element is with the angle [alpha] bending at the center of described first single wavelength antennas element, this second single wavelength antennas element is with the angle [alpha] bending at the center of described second single wavelength antennas element, wherein said first and second single wavelength antennas elements are provided with in rhombus mode respect to one another, it is characterized in that: the end at described first and second single wavelength antennas elements is provided with the feed part, the other end open circuit of described first and second single wavelength antennas elements, and select described angle [alpha] to be best angle, a plurality of described antenna assemblies wherein are set, and main radiation direction differs from one another so that the direction of main polarization is mutually the same, and the part electrical connection/disconnection each other of the relative antenna element of at least one antenna assembly in described a plurality of antenna assemblies.Therefore can differently change the directivity of radiation to realize required radiation directivity with simple structure.Therefore can obtain a kind of antenna assembly with direction-changeable of higher gain.
In addition, design the present invention is with the opening portion on preceding (forward) end that a plurality of antennas is connected aforesaid each antenna.Therefore, provide a kind of antenna assembly with higher gain and simple plane structure.
In addition, design the present invention so that a plurality of antenna partly is connected in parallel to each other at feed.Therefore, provide a kind of antenna assembly with higher gain and simple plane structure.
In addition, design the present invention is to form aforesaid antenna by the figure (pattern) that is imprinted on the dielectric substrates.Therefore can provide a kind of antenna assembly, in this antenna assembly, can obtain required directivity, and have higher gain with less size and simple structure.
In addition, design the present invention so that a plurality of antenna connects by the transmission line with predetermined electrical length (electricallength) each other.Therefore, can provide a kind of antenna assembly, antenna extends in the Y-in-plane easily as a whole in this antenna assembly, and can obtain required directivity and have higher gain.
In addition, the present invention is being provided with two pairs of aforesaid antennas so that main polarization direction is perpendicular to one another in design, and with the phase differences of 90 degree to a plurality of antenna assembly feeds.Therefore, can provide a kind of antenna assembly, in this antenna assembly, can obtain the directivity of required radiation with the simple plane structure, to realize having the circular polarize antenna of higher gain.
In addition, design the present invention is to form two pairs of aforesaid antennas by the printed pattern that is provided with on the opposite surfaces of dielectric substrates.Therefore, can provide a kind of antenna assembly, in this antenna assembly, can obtain the directivity of required radiation with less size and simple plane structure, to realize having the circular polarize antenna of higher gain.
In addition, design the present invention is near antenna cremasteric reflex plate.Therefore, can provide a kind of antenna assembly, in this antenna assembly, can obtain the directivity of required radiation, and have higher gain with the simple plane structure.
In addition, design the present invention provides a plurality of passive components near antenna.Therefore, can provide a kind of antenna assembly, in this antenna assembly, can obtain the directivity of required radiation, and have higher gain with the simple plane structure.
In addition, the present invention is so that aforesaid antenna is provided as radiator and reflector in design, and simultaneously a plurality of wave directors (wave director) is set on the direction of primary radiation, and the shape of each wave director is similar to the shape of each antenna.Therefore, can provide a kind of antenna assembly, in this antenna assembly, can obtain the directivity of required radiation, and have higher gain with simple structure.
In addition, design the present invention is provided with two pairs of aforesaid antennas, and makes the direction of main polarization mutually the same and main radiation direction differs from one another, therefore with the phase differences of 90 degree each other to a plurality of antenna feeds.Therefore can provide a kind of antenna assembly, in this antenna assembly, can obtain the directivity of required radiation, and have higher gain with simple structure.
In addition, design the present invention is provided with two pairs of aforesaid antennas, and makes the direction of main polarization mutually the same and main radiation direction differs from one another.Therefore, can provide a kind of antenna assembly, in this antenna assembly, can obtain the directivity of required radiation, and have higher gain with simple structure.
In addition, design the present invention, a plurality of aforesaid antennas are set, and make the direction of main polarization mutually the same and main radiation direction differs from one another, and control so that the relative antenna element of the one or more antenna assemblies among a plurality of antenna assemblies partly is electrically connected to each other.Therefore, can provide a kind of antenna assembly, can be in this antenna assembly with the directivity of simple structural change radiation, and have higher gain.
In addition, design the present invention makes quarter-wave stub (stud) be connected to distributing point, carries out feed thus on the position of impedance the best of stub.Therefore, can provide a kind of antenna assembly, in this antenna assembly, can obtain higher impedance matching, and have higher gain with small-sized match circuit with simple structure.
In addition, design the present invention, make antenna assembly comprise first single wavelength slot (slot) element and second single wavelength slot element, this first single wavelength slot element be arranged in the conductor plate with at the center of first slot element with the angle [alpha] bending, this second single wavelength slot element be arranged in the conductor plate with at the center of second slot element with the angle [alpha] bending, wherein this first and second slot element is provided with in the mode of rhombus respect to one another, and wherein a corresponding end of first and second slot element is connected to each other to provide the feed part at this end.Therefore, can provide a kind of antenna assembly to realize a kind of slot aerial with higher gain with the simple plane structure.
In addition, design the present invention makes in aforesaid slot aerial, be chosen in each single wavelength slot element the center angle of bend for best angle to realize best radiation directivity.Therefore, provide a kind of slot aerial, in this slot aerial, realize the directivity of best radiation and have higher gain with the simple plane structure.
In addition, design the present invention makes a plurality of slot aerials as indicated above be connected the opening portion of the front end of this antenna.Therefore, can provide a kind of antenna assembly, this antenna assembly can realize having the slot aerial of higher gain with the simple plane structure.
In addition, design the present invention makes a plurality of slot aerials as indicated above partly be connected in parallel with each other at feed.Therefore, can provide a kind of antenna assembly, in this slot aerial, can obtain best radiation directivity and have higher gain with the simple plane structure to realize a kind of slot aerial.
In addition, design the present invention forms a plurality of slot aerials by the printed pattern on dielectric substrates.Therefore, can provide a kind of antenna assembly, in this slot aerial, can realize best directivity and have higher gain with less size and simple plane structure to realize a kind of slot aerial.
In addition, design the present invention is near slot aerial cremasteric reflex plate.Therefore can provide a kind of antenna assembly to realize a kind of slot aerial, in this slot aerial, can obtain required radiation directivity and have higher gain with the simple plane structure.
In addition, design the present invention provides a plurality of passive components near slot aerial.Therefore can provide a kind of antenna assembly to realize a kind of slot aerial, in this slot aerial, can obtain required radiation directivity and have higher gain with the simple plane structure.
In addition, design the present invention is built in the wireless device aforesaid antenna assembly.Therefore a kind of wireless device that is built-in with antenna can be provided, in this antenna, required radiation directivity and higher gain can be obtained with reduced size and simple structure.
In addition, design the present invention is provided with a plurality of antenna assemblies as indicated above to be formed for the sector antenna apparatus of radio base station.Therefore, can provide a kind of antenna assembly, in this antenna, can obtain required radiation directivity and have higher gain with less size and simple structure to realize diversity antenna or fan anteena.
In addition, design the present invention, the cremasteric reflex plate is jointly to use in a plurality of antenna assemblies.Therefore, can provide a kind of antenna assembly, in this antenna, can obtain required radiation directivity and have higher gain with less size and simple structure to realize diversity antenna or fan anteena.
In addition, design the present invention is provided with a plurality of antenna assemblies mentioned above forming a kind of sector antenna apparatus that is used for radio base station, and this sector antenna apparatus is arranged in the radio base station.Therefore provide a kind of the have built-in diversity antenna or the radio base station of fan anteena, in this antenna, can obtain required radiation directivity and have higher gain with less size and simple structure.
In addition, design the present invention, the heart is with the angle [alpha] bending therein to make each antenna element in two antenna elements, and selected angle α is for obtaining the angle of best radiation directivity.Therefore a kind of method of directional gain of control antenna can be provided, in this antenna, can obtain required radiation directivity and have higher gain with the simple plane structure.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is depicted as the topology view according to the antenna assembly of the first embodiment of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 2 is depicted as the exemplary view of explanation in the work of the antenna assembly shown in the accompanying drawing 1;
Accompanying drawing 3 is depicted as the curve chart of radiation mode in the horizontal plane of the antenna assembly shown in the accompanying drawing 1 (pattern);
Accompanying drawing 4 is depicted as the curve chart of radiation mode in the vertical plane of the antenna assembly shown in the accompanying drawing 1;
Be respectively topology view shown in the accompanying drawing 5 to 23 according to the antenna assembly of the second to the 20 embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Hereinafter with reference accompanying drawing 1 to 23 describes embodiments of the invention in detail.
(first embodiment)
At first, with reference to figures 1 through 4 antenna assemblies that describe in detail according to the first embodiment of the present invention.Accompanying drawing 1 is depicted as the topology view according to the antenna assembly of the first embodiment of the present invention.Accompanying drawing 2 is depicted as the exemplary view of explanation in the working condition of the antenna assembly shown in the accompanying drawing 1.Accompanying drawing 3 is depicted as the curve chart of radiation mode in the horizontal plane of the antenna assembly shown in the accompanying drawing 1.Accompanying drawing 4 is depicted as the curve chart of radiation mode in the vertical plane of the antenna assembly shown in the accompanying drawing 1.
With reference to the accompanying drawings 1, the structure according to the antenna assembly of the first embodiment of the present invention is hereinafter described.In accompanying drawing 1, reference number 1 expression first antenna element; Reference number 2 expressions second antenna element; Reference number 3 expression feed parts; Reference number 4 expression opening portions; And reference number 1a and 2a represent sweep.
Then, structure according to the antenna assembly of present embodiment is described in more detail.Each first and second antenna element 1 and 2 conductors by the length with a wavelength constitute.First and second antenna elements 1 and 2 are respectively in sweep 1a and 2a place bent angle alpha.Mode with relative rhombus is provided with first and second antenna elements 1 and 2 as shown in Figure 1.The length of every side of this rhombus is half-wavelength (λ/2).Feed part 3 is separately positioned on the end of first and second antenna elements 1 and 2.First and second antenna elements 1 and 2 the other end are established the road by cable becomes opening portion 4.For example when the operating frequency with antenna assembly is arranged on 1900 megahertzes, first and second antenna elements 1 and 2 length are approximately 158 millimeters, and every side length of rhombus is 79 millimeters.Selected angle α is greatly in the scope of 30 to 150 degree.
With reference to figs. 2 to 4, the work according to antenna assembly of the present invention is described hereinafter.In the antenna assembly as shown in accompanying drawing 1, when with high-frequency signal injection feed part 3, because the length of every side of rhombus is half-wavelength (λ/2), so the electric current that distributes in first and second antenna elements 1 and 2 is shown in arrow 5a to 5d.As a result, antenna assembly work cancels each other out with the corresponding horizontal component (Y-axle component) with electric current 5a to 5d, and the corresponding vertical component of electric current 5a to 5d (Z axle component) strengthens each other.Therefore, vertical (Z-axle) polarization electric wave of radiation.The radiation of vertical (Z-axle) polarization electric wave is the strongest on directions X in accompanying drawing 1 and the-directions X.In this case, obtain about 6 decibels directional gain.
This working condition is equivalent to as the set working condition by four array antennas that half wavelength dipole antenna constituted of accompanying drawing 2.In accompanying drawing 2, reference number 6a to 6d represents the vertical polarization half wavelength dipole antenna.Dipole antenna 6a to 6d is with vertical and horizontally be provided with at interval, according to the angle [alpha] between dipole antenna 6a to 6d ' and determine this interval apart from S.When respectively with the signal excitation dipole antenna 6a to 6d of amplitudes such as homophase, produce comprehensive strong radiation at the X-direction of principal axis.Determine radiation mode according to the configuration coefficients that the configuration space by vertical and level produces.
In accompanying drawing 2, when distance S is fixed as about 0.32 λ (wavelength 0.32 times), under the situation that the angle [alpha] according to each the sweep 1a of first and second antenna elements 1 in the antenna assembly of as shown in Figure 1 first embodiment and 2 and 2a changes, the variation of radiation mode approximates the variation of the radiation mode under the situation of the angle [alpha] between the dipole antenna 6a to 6d of the antenna assembly as shown in accompanying drawing 2 ' change greatly.Hereinafter with reference accompanying drawing 3 and 4 is described this state.
Accompanying drawing 3 is depicted as the curve chart of the radiation mode of the vertically polarized wave in the horizontal plane (XY face) in each antenna assembly shown in attached Fig. 1 and 2.Trunnion axis is represented the angle (degree) of radiation, and 0 degree angle is represented directions X.Vertical axis is represented by with in the normalized radiation level relative value of the radiation level of greatest irradiation direction.In accompanying drawing 3, the angle [alpha] that reference number 7 is illustrated in each the sweep 1a of the antenna assembly shown in the accompanying drawing 1 and 2a equals the radiation mode under the situations of 60 degree.Reference number 8 is illustrated in the radiation mode under the situations of angle [alpha] between the dipole antenna in the accompanying drawing 2 ' equal 60 degree.The angle [alpha] that reference number 9 is illustrated in each the sweep 1a of the antenna assembly shown in the accompanying drawing 1 and 2a equals the radiation mode under the situations of 120 degree.Reference number 10 is illustrated in the radiation mode under the situations of angle [alpha] between the dipole antenna in the accompanying drawing 2 ' equal 120 degree.
Then, accompanying drawing 4 is depicted as the curve chart of the radiation mode of the vertically polarized wave in the vertical plane (XZ face) at each antenna assembly shown in attached Fig. 1 and 2.In accompanying drawing 4, reference number 7 to 10 is similar to the label 7 to 10 in accompanying drawing 3.At this, by changing each the sweep 1a in the antenna assembly of first embodiment shown in 1 and the angle [alpha] of 2a with reference to the accompanying drawings, the radiation mode in horizontal plane and vertical plane changes greatly.For example, when angle [alpha] is increased to 120 when spending from 60 degree, the half breadth of the radiation mode in horizontal plane (obtaining the width of-3 decibels angle of radiation) is reduced to 64 degree from 118 degree, and the half breadth of the radiation mode in vertical plane is increased to 68 degree from 50 degree.Has similar trend at the array antenna shown in the accompanying drawing 2.For example, the angle [alpha] of each sweep 1a and 2a is increased to 150 when spending from 30 degree, and the half breadth of the radiation mode in horizontal plane roughly changes to 47 degree from non-directiveness, and the half breadth of the radiation mode in vertical plane is increased to 80 degree from 50 degree.
Although the present embodiment that has illustrated is main polarization direction is the situation of vertical direction (Z), but will the antenna assembly as shown in accompanying drawing 1 revolve turn 90 degrees with main change of polarized direction under the situation of horizontal plane (Y), still can realize and identical working condition as described above by horizontal-polarized antenna.
As described above, in antenna assembly, can be controlled at radiation mode in horizontal plane and the vertical plane by changing angle [alpha] according to first embodiment.Therefore, can realize having the antenna assembly of required directivity and higher gain with the simple plane structure.
(second embodiment)
With reference to the accompanying drawings 5, antenna assembly is according to a second embodiment of the present invention hereinafter described.Accompanying drawing 5 is depicted as the topology view of antenna assembly according to a second embodiment of the present invention.In accompanying drawing 5, reference number 3 expression feed parts; Reference number 4 expression opening portions; Reference number 11 expressions first antenna element; Reference number is represented 12 second antenna elements; And 11a, 11b, 11c, 12a, 12b and 12c represent sweep.
In addition, structure according to the antenna assembly of present embodiment is hereinafter described in further detail.As shown in Figure 5, first and second antenna elements 11 and 12 are oppositely arranged so that two rhombic aerial devices are connected to each other, and each rhombic aerial device is made of first and second antenna elements 1 and 2 as shown in accompanying drawing 1.The length of every side of rhombus equals half-wavelength (λ/2).That each first and second antenna element 11 and 12 is equaled by length? the conductor of two wavelength constitutes.First and second antenna elements 11 and 12 respectively at sweep 11a to 11c and 12a to 12c with the angle [alpha] bending.Feed part 3 is separately positioned on an end of first and second antenna elements 11 and 12.First and second antenna elements 11 are being established the road by cable with 12 the relative other end, shown in opening portion 4.
With reference to the accompanying drawings 5, the working condition according to the antenna assembly of present embodiment is hereinafter described.In the antenna assembly of structure as mentioned, when with high-frequency signal injection feed part 3, because the length of every side of rhombus equals half-wavelength (λ/2), so be distributed in electric current in first and second antenna elements 11 and the 12 every sides shown in arrow 13a to 13h.As a result, realize that this working condition cancels each other out with the horizontal component (Y-axle component) with corresponding electric current, and the vertical component of corresponding electric current (Z axle component) strengthens each other.Therefore, the radiation electric wave of (Z-axle) polarization vertically.In accompanying drawing 5 directions X and-directions X on the electric wave of radiation the strongest, therefore obtain about 9 decibels directional gain.
This working condition roughly equiv is in the working condition of such array antenna, and the Y direction is provided with two antenna assemblies of first embodiment shown in 1 with reference to the accompanying drawings in this array antenna.Therefore, according in the antenna assembly of second embodiment shown in the accompanying drawing 5, can greatly change in horizontal plane and the radiation mode in vertical plane by changing angle [alpha].For example, when angle [alpha] is increased to 120 when spending from 60 degree, the half breadth of the radiation mode in horizontal plane is reduced to 30 degree from 50 degree, and the half breadth of the radiation mode in vertical plane is increased to 68 degree from 50.At this, to compare at the antenna assembly of first embodiment shown in the accompanying drawing 1 with basis, the half breadth of the radiation mode in horizontal plane has reduced only about half of.
Point out in passing, connecting under the situation of a plurality of rhombic aerial elements with a formation as an antenna assembly in the present embodiment that cut off if form the sweep 11b and the 12b of the coupling part of rhombus, then rhombus is separated from each other.If the transmission line of electrical length is connected to each other first antenna element 11 that will cut open thus then by having fixedly once more, and second antenna element 12 that will cut open thus the transmission line of electrical length is connected to each other by having fixedly, total length that as required can the control antenna device then.
As indicated above, in antenna assembly, can be controlled at radiation mode in horizontal plane and the vertical plane by changing angle [alpha] according to present embodiment.Therefore, can realize having the antenna of required directivity and higher gain with the simple plane structure.
(the 3rd embodiment)
Hereinafter with reference accompanying drawing 6 is hereinafter described the antenna assembly of a third embodiment in accordance with the invention.Accompanying drawing 6 is depicted as the topology view of the antenna assembly of a third embodiment in accordance with the invention.In accompanying drawing 6, reference number 3 expression feed parts; Reference number 4a and 4b represent opening portion; Reference number 14 and 15 expressions, first antenna element; Reference number 16 and 17 expressions, second antenna element; And reference number 14a, 15a, 16a and 17a represent sweep.
In addition, structure according to the antenna assembly of present embodiment is hereinafter described in further detail.Each first and second antenna element 14 to 17 is that the conductor of a wavelength constitutes by length.First and second antenna elements 14 to 17 at sweep 14a to 17a respectively with the angle [alpha] bending.First antenna element 14 is connected according to accompanying drawing 6 with 17 with second antenna element 16 with 15.Feed part 3 is provided at the coupling part between first antenna element 14 and 15 and second antenna element 16 and 17.The other end is established the road by cable, shown in opening portion 4a and 4b.
With reference to the accompanying drawings 6, the working condition according to the antenna assembly of present embodiment is hereinafter described.In the antenna assembly of constructing as mentioned, when with high-frequency signal injection feed part 3, because the length of every side of rhombus equals half-wavelength (λ/2), so the electric current that is distributed in first and second antenna elements, 14 to 17 every sides flows shown in arrow 18a to 18h.As a result, realize that this working condition cancels each other out with the horizontal component (Y-axle component) with corresponding electric current, and the vertical component of corresponding electric current (Z axle component) strengthens each other.Therefore, the radiation electric wave of (Z-axle) polarization vertically.Directions X in accompanying drawing 6 and-directions X on the radiation of the electric wave of (Z-axle) polarization vertically the strongest, therefore obtain about 9 decibels directional gain.
This working condition roughly equiv is in the working condition of such array antenna, and two antenna assemblies that are provided with first embodiment shown in 1 with reference to the accompanying drawings in this array antenna are with at Y direction parallelly feeding.Therefore, according in the antenna assembly of the 3rd embodiment shown in the accompanying drawing 6, according in the antenna assembly of the 3rd embodiment shown in the accompanying drawing 6, the variation of radiation mode is substantially equal to reference to the accompanying drawings the variation of radiation mode of the antenna assembly of second element in 5 under the situation that changes angle [alpha].In addition, feed point impedance is reduced to half that is not higher than according to the feed point impedance of the antenna assembly of as shown in Figure 1 first embodiment, helps thus carrying out impedance matching with transmission line.
Though present embodiment has illustrated the situation of antenna assembly parallelly feeding as shown in Figure 1, under the situation of as shown in Figure 5 antenna assembly parallelly feeding, also can obtain and identical effect as described above.
As indicated above, in antenna assembly, feed point impedance can be reduced, and horizontal plane and the radiation mode in vertical plane can be controlled at by changing angle [alpha] according to the 3rd embodiment.Therefore can realize having the antenna of required directivity and higher gain with the simple plane structure.
(the 4th embodiment)
With reference to the accompanying drawings 7, the antenna assembly of a fourth embodiment in accordance with the invention is hereinafter described.Accompanying drawing 7 is depicted as the topology view of the antenna assembly of a fourth embodiment in accordance with the invention.In accompanying drawing 7, reference number 4 expression opening portions; Reference number 19 expression dielectric substrates; Reference number 20 expressions are as first antenna pattern of first antenna element; Reference number is represented 21 second antenna patterns as second antenna element; Reference number 22 and 23 expression current feed terminals; And reference number 20a and 21a represent sweep.
In addition, structure according to the antenna assembly of present embodiment is hereinafter described in further detail.Each first and second antenna pattern 20 and 21 is made of the printed pattern that is formed on the dielectric substrates 19.First and second antenna patterns 20 and 21 respectively at sweep 20a and 21a with the angle [alpha] bending.The length that is chosen in each first and second antenna pattern 20 on the dielectric substrates and 21 equals a wavelength.For example, when the effectively relative electric medium constant of dielectric substrates is 2, for the operating frequency of 1900 megahertzes, because be reduced to half of big wavelength in free space, so the length of each first and second antenna pattern 20 and 21 is about 80 millimeters at the wavelength on the dielectric substrates.
With reference to the accompanying drawings 7, the working condition according to the antenna assembly of present embodiment is hereinafter described.In the antenna assembly of structure as mentioned, when with high-frequency signal injection feed end 22 and 23, antenna assembly is worked in the mode identical with the working method of the antenna assembly of first embodiment shown in 1 with reference to the accompanying drawings.Therefore, omitted more detailed description at this to it.
As indicated above, in according to the antenna assembly among the 4th embodiment, can realize the antenna that has required directivity and have higher gain with less size and simple plane structure by the printed pattern on dielectric substrates.
(the 5th embodiment)
With reference to the accompanying drawings 8, antenna assembly is according to a fifth embodiment of the invention hereinafter described.Accompanying drawing 8 is depicted as the topology view of antenna assembly according to a fifth embodiment of the invention.In accompanying drawing 8, reference number 24 expression dielectric substrates; Reference number 25,26,27 and 28 expressions are as the antenna pattern of antenna element; Reference number 29,30 and 31 expression current feed terminals; And reference number 33 and 34 expression high-frequency signal power supplys.
In addition, structure according to the antenna assembly of present embodiment is hereinafter described in further detail.The printed pattern that forms on the surface of antenna pattern 25 and 26 by the dielectric substrates 24 that is formed on the both sides copper-clad constitutes, and antenna pattern 27 and 28 printed patterns that upward formed by another surface of the dielectric substrates 24 that is formed on the both sides copper-clad constitute.Be chosen in each antenna pattern 25,26,27 on the dielectric substrates and 28 length and equal a wavelength.Antenna pattern 25 and 26 and the combination of feed part 29 and 30 and antenna pattern 27 and 28 and the combination of feed part 31 and 32 play independently antenna.With with make each antenna work according to the identical mode of the work of the antenna assembly of the 4th embodiment in accompanying drawing 7.
With reference to the accompanying drawings 8, the working condition according to antenna assembly of the present invention is hereinafter described.In the antenna assembly of being constructed as mentioned, when when high-frequency signal source 33 and 34 encourages, antenna pattern 25 vertical with 26 radiation (Z-direction) polarized wave, and antenna pattern 27 and 28 radiation levels (Y-direction) polarized wave.Therefore differ 90 each other when spending when the phase place of selecting high-frequency signal source 33 and 34,, therefore, obtain about 6 decibels directional gain at directions X and-directions X radiation circular polarization electric wave.In addition, directions X or-directions X radiation left hand circular polarization electric wave or right hand circular polarization electric wave.Determine direction of rotation according to the lead lag relationship between the phase place of high-frequency signal source 33 and 34.
Point out in passing, though what present embodiment had illustrated is the situation that forms antenna assembly on dielectric substrates, under the situation of two pairs of antenna assemblies as shown in Figure 1, also can obtain identical effect as indicated above with the polarization direction setting of the intersection that is perpendicular to one another.
As indicated above, in antenna assembly, realize having the circular polarize antenna of required directivity and higher gain with less size and simple plane structure by the printed pattern on dielectric substrates according to the 5th embodiment.
(the 6th embodiment)
Hereinafter with reference accompanying drawing 9 is hereinafter described antenna assembly according to a sixth embodiment of the invention.Accompanying drawing 9 is depicted as the topology view of antenna assembly according to a sixth embodiment of the invention.In accompanying drawing 9, reference number 33 and 34 expression high-frequency signal power supplys; Reference number 35,36,37,38,39,40,41 and 42 expression antenna elements; Reference number 43 expression horizontal-polarized antenna systems, and reference number 44 expression vertical polarized antenna systems.
With reference to the accompanying drawings 9, the working condition according to the antenna assembly of present embodiment is hereinafter described.With high-frequency signal source 33 active antenna elements 35,36 and 39 and 40, so that they play horizontal-polarized antenna system 43, this horizontal-polarized antenna system 43 works in the mode identical with the antenna assembly working method of the 3rd embodiment of basis in accompanying drawing 6.With high-frequency signal source 34 active antenna elements 38,39 and 41 and 42, so that they play vertical polarized antenna system 44, this vertical polarized antenna system 44 works in the mode identical with the antenna assembly working method of the 3rd embodiment of basis in accompanying drawing 6.
Horizontal-polarized antenna system 43 and vertical polarized antenna system 44 are arranged in the YZ plane vertically intersects.Therefore, differ 90 each other when spending when the phase place of high-frequency signal source 33 and 34 is chosen as, directions X and-directions X radiation circular polarization electric wave, therefore obtain about 8 decibels directional gain.In addition, directions X or-directions X radiation left hand circularly polarized wave or right hand circularly polarized wave.Determine direction of rotation according to the leading-lagged relationship between the phase place of high-frequency signal source 33 and 34.
As indicated above, in antenna, can realize having the circular polarize antenna of required directivity and higher gain with the simple plane structure according to the 6th embodiment.
(the 7th embodiment)
With reference to the accompanying drawings 10, antenna assembly is according to a seventh embodiment of the invention hereinafter described.Accompanying drawing 10 is depicted as the topology view of antenna assembly according to a seventh embodiment of the invention.In accompanying drawing 10, reference number 3 expression feed parts; Reference number 45 expression reflecting plates; Reference number 46 and 47 expression antenna elements.
With reference to the accompanying drawings 10, the working condition according to the antenna assembly of present embodiment is hereinafter described.Antenna element 46 carries out work with 47 in the mode identical with the working condition mode of the antenna assembly of 1 first embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings, therefore directions X or-produce maximum radiation on the directions X.Yet, antenna element 46 and 47 is set in the present embodiment with spaced apart by the represented distance of reference number 48 with reflecting plate 45.Wave radiation in-directions X is by reflecting plate 45 reflections, so that the ripple that is reflected in the directions X radiation.Therefore radiation mode concentrates on the directions X.When selecting distance 48 to be 0.3 λ (wavelength 0.3 times), on directions X, obtain 9.5 decibels directional gain.
Point out in passing, also in the present embodiment, can be controlled at horizontal plane and the radiation mode in vertical plane by the angle [alpha] that changes at sweep.
As indicated above, in antenna assembly, can realize having the antenna assembly of required directivity and higher gain with the simple plane structure according to the 7th embodiment.
(the 8th embodiment)
With reference to the accompanying drawings 11, the antenna assembly according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention is hereinafter described.Accompanying drawing 11 is depicted as the topology view according to the antenna assembly of the eighth embodiment of the present invention.In accompanying drawing 11, reference number 3 expression feed parts; Reference number 49 expression reflecting plates; Reference number 50 and 51 expression antenna elements; And 52 and 53 the expression passive component.
With reference to the accompanying drawings 11, working condition and detailed structure according to the antenna assembly of present embodiment are hereinafter described.Antenna element 50 carries out work with 51 in the mode identical with the working method of the antenna assembly of 1 first embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings.In addition, antenna element 50 and 51 is set so that itself and reflecting plate 49 spacing distances 54.Each passive component 52 and 53 is made of the lead shorter slightly than half- wavelength.Passive component 52 and 53 is arranged on such position, this position on the directions X with antenna element 52 and 53 spacing distances 55 and Y and-the Y direction on center spacing distance 56 respectively.When each distance 54 and 55 all selects to be approximately 0.3 λ (wavelength 0.3 times) and distance 56 selections when being approximately 0.4 λ (wavelength 0.4 times), on directions X, can obtain the wide angular direction of 180 degree, therefore can obtain 6.5 decibels directional gain according to half breadth.
As indicated above, in antenna assembly, can realize a kind of antenna assembly with simple structure according to the 8th embodiment, this antenna assembly has the wide angular direction of 180 degree and has higher gain according to half breadth.
(the 9th embodiment)
With reference to the accompanying drawings 12, the antenna assembly according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention is hereinafter described.Accompanying drawing 12 is depicted as the topology view according to the antenna assembly of the ninth embodiment of the present invention.In accompanying drawing 12, reference number 13 expression feed parts; Reference number 57,58,59,60,61 and 62 expression antenna elements.
With reference to the accompanying drawings 12, the working condition according to the antenna assembly of present embodiment is hereinafter described.Antenna element 57 carries out work with feed part 3 in the mode identical with the working method of the antenna assembly of 1 first embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings with 58, so that they play radiator.Select each antenna element 59 and 60 to make its length grow up about 4% than the length of each antenna element 57 and 58.Be provided with antenna element 59 and 60 make its on-directions X with antenna element 57 and 58 about 0.2 λ (wavelength 0.2 times) at interval so that they play reflector.In addition, select each antenna element 61 and 62 to make the length short about 8% of its length than each antenna element 57 and 58.Be provided with antenna element 61 and 62 make its on directions X with antenna element 57 and 58 about 0.2 λ (wavelength 0.2 times) at interval so that they play wave director.
Antenna assembly as indicated above working method with the Yagi antenna generally is identical.Therefore, radiation direction concentrates on directions X, so that obtain about 11 decibels directional gain.
Though the situation of present embodiment explanation is the situation that forms the Yagi antenna of 3 elements, can also obtain higher gain if more element is set.For example, when 5 elements are set, can obtain about 12.5 decibels directional gain.In addition in the present embodiment, can change in vertical plane and the directivity in horizontal plane by the angle [alpha] that changes at sweep.
As indicated above, in antenna assembly, can realize having the Yagi antenna of required directivity and higher gain with simple structure according to the 9th embodiment.
(the tenth embodiment)
With reference to the accompanying drawings 13, the antenna assembly according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention is hereinafter described.Accompanying drawing 13 is depicted as the topology view according to the antenna assembly of the tenth embodiment of the present invention.In accompanying drawing 13, reference number 63,64,65 and 66 expression antenna elements; And reference number 67 and 68 expression high-frequency signal sources.
With reference to the accompanying drawings 13, detailed structure and work according to the antenna assembly of present embodiment are hereinafter described.Antenna element 63 carries out work with feed part 67 in the mode identical with the working method of the antenna assembly of 1 first embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings with 64.Antenna element 65 also carries out work in the mode identical with the working method of the antenna assembly of 1 first embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings with 66 with feed part 68.Be provided with antenna element 63,64 with 65,66 so that identical with 64 main polarization direction with the main polarization direction of antenna element 65 and 66 at antenna element aspect the horizonally-polarized wave 63, the intersection and main radiation direction is perpendicular to one another.
When with high-frequency signal source 67 and 68 respectively active antenna element 63 and 64 and antenna element 65 and 66 so that the phase place of signal differs 90 when spending each other, in horizontal plane, present omnidirectional radiation characteristic at antenna assembly aspect the horizonally-polarized wave, therefore can obtain about 3.5 decibels gain.
Also in the present embodiment, can change in vertical plane and the directivity in horizontal plane by the angle [alpha] that changes at sweep.
As indicated above, in antenna assembly, can realize having the horizontal non-directional antenna of higher gain with simple structure according to the tenth embodiment.
(the 11 embodiment)
With reference to the accompanying drawings 14, the antenna assembly according to the 11st embodiment of the present invention is hereinafter described.Accompanying drawing 14 is depicted as the topology view according to the antenna assembly of the 11st embodiment of the present invention.In accompanying drawing 14, reference number 69,70,71,72,73,74,75 and 76 expression antenna elements; And reference number 77 expression high-frequency signal sources.
With reference to the accompanying drawings 14, the work according to the antenna assembly of present embodiment is hereinafter described.Feed part 77 and antenna element 69,70 carry out work with 71,72 in the mode identical with the antenna assembly of 6 the 3rd embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings.Antenna element 73,74 and 75,76 is perpendicular to one another and intersects with antenna element 69,70 and 71,72 main radiation direction that is connected in parallel so that main polarization direction is mutually the same.
Antenna assembly as indicated above has such radiation characteristic: the radiation direction in horizontal plane aspect the vertically polarized wave concentrate on X ,-X, Y and-four direction of Y on.On each direction of this four direction, obtain about 5.5 decibels gain.And according to half breadth can obtain about 30 the degree radiation characteristics.
Also in the present embodiment, can change in vertical plane and the directivity in horizontal plane by the angle [alpha] that changes at sweep.
As indicated above, in antenna assembly, can realize having the 4-directional aerial of required directivity and higher gain with simple structure according to the 11 embodiment.
(the 12 embodiment)
With reference to the accompanying drawings 15, the antenna assembly according to the 12nd embodiment of the present invention is hereinafter described.Accompanying drawing 15 is depicted as the topology view according to the antenna assembly of the 12nd embodiment of the present invention.In accompanying drawing 15, reference number 78,79,80,81,82 and 83 expression antenna elements; Reference number 84 expression feed parts; Reference number 85 expression reflecting plates; Reference number 86,87,88 and 89 expression HF switch; And reference number 90 and 91 expression short-terms.
With reference to the accompanying drawings 15, the structure according to the antenna assembly of present embodiment is hereinafter described in more detail.Antenna element 78,79 carries out work with feed part 84 in the mode identical with the antenna assembly of 6 the 3rd embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings with 80,81.Antenna element 82 and 83 and antenna element 78,79 and 80,81 be connected in parallel.The main radiation direction that antenna element is set so that main polarization direction the is mutually the same intersection that is perpendicular to one another.HF switch 86 and 87 and short-term 90 on tie point, be connected to antenna element 78 and 79.When HF switch 86 and 87 is connected, antenna element 78 and 79 and short-term 90 play quarter-wavelength stub, and antenna element is inoperative to radiation therein.Antenna element 80 and 81, HF switch 88 are worked in the mode identical with mode mentioned above with stub 91 with 89.In addition, reflecting plate 85 is set so that on-directions X with antenna element 78,79 and 80,81 partition distance 92.
With reference to the accompanying drawings 15, the work of the antenna assembly of present embodiment is hereinafter described.In the antenna assembly of being constructed as mentioned, when connecting HF switch 86 and 87 and when cutting off HF switch 88 and 89 simultaneously, antenna element 78 and 79 pairs of radiation are inoperative, so radiation concentrate between directions X and the Y direction the third side upwards.As a result, obtain about 9 decibels gain, and obtain the radiation direction of about 80 degree according to half breadth.On the contrary, when HF switch 86 and 87 is cut off and when HF switch 88 and 89 is connected simultaneously, maximum radiation direction concentrate on directions X and-third side between the Y direction makes progress.
Also in the present embodiment, can change in vertical plane and the directivity in horizontal plane by the angle [alpha] that changes at sweep.
As indicated above, in antenna assembly according to the 12 embodiment, by electronic switch can partly be connected to each other/or disconnect antenna element respect to one another each other to obtain required directivity.The antenna that therefore can have the direction-changeable of higher gain with simple structure realization.
(the 13 embodiment)
With reference to the accompanying drawings 16, the antenna assembly according to the 13rd embodiment of the present invention is hereinafter described.Accompanying drawing 16 is depicted as the topology view according to the antenna assembly of the 13rd embodiment of the present invention.In accompanying drawing 16, reference number 93 and 94 expression antenna patterns (antenna element); Reference number 95 expression quarter-wavelength stubs; Reference number 96 expression dielectric substrates; And reference number 99 expression high frequency signal cables.
With reference to the accompanying drawings 16, detailed structure and work according to the antenna assembly of the 13rd embodiment of the present invention are hereinafter described.Antenna pattern 93 and 94 and quarter-wavelength stub 95 constitute by the printed pattern that is formed on the dielectric substrates 96.Antenna pattern 93 is worked in the mode identical with the antenna assembly of 7 the 4th embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings with 94.Resistance value in the feed part 97 between antenna pattern 93 and 94 reaches higher several kilohms.For this impedance and the impedance (being generally 50 ohm) in high frequency signal cable 99 are mated, on the position 98 of the best, high frequency signal cable 99 is connected to quarter-wavelength stub 95.
In this case, because stub 95 is arranged on the inside of antenna pattern 93 and 94, so quarter-wavelength stub 95 does not increase the gross area of antenna.
As indicated above, in antenna assembly, form match circuit by the printed pattern on dielectric substrates according to the 13 embodiment.Therefore, can realize antenna assembly with less size and simple plane structure.
(the 14 embodiment)
With reference to the accompanying drawings 17, the antenna assembly according to the 14th embodiment of the present invention is hereinafter described.Accompanying drawing 17 is depicted as the topology view according to the antenna assembly of the 14th embodiment of the present invention.In accompanying drawing 17, reference number 100 expression conductor plates; Reference number 101 expressions are as first slot element of antenna element; Reference number 102 expressions are as second slot element of antenna element; Reference number 101a and 102a represent sweep; And reference number 103 expression feed parts.
The structure of the antenna assembly of present embodiment is hereinafter described in more detail.Each first and second slot element 101 and 102 is made of the opening portion on conductor plate 100.Forming each first and second slot element 101 and 102 makes its length equal a wavelength.In addition, first and second slot element 101 and 102 respectively at the center of sweep 101a and 102a with the angle [alpha] bending.As shown in the accompanying drawing 17, first and second slot element 101 and 102 are set with rhombus respect to one another.The length on every limit of rhombus equals half-wavelength (λ/2).The corresponding opening portion of first and second slot element 101 and an end of 102 is connected to each other and in this junction feed part 103 is set.Corresponding opening part at the other end is not connected to each other.
With reference to the accompanying drawings 17, the work according to the antenna assembly of present embodiment is hereinafter described.Antenna assembly of being constructed and the antenna assembly complementation of 1 first embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings as mentioned.If the electric current that is distributed in the accompanying drawing 1 in the corresponding antenna element is substituted by the magnetic current in the corresponding slot element that is distributed in the accompanying drawing 17 (magnetic current), then the work of the antenna assembly of present embodiment can make an explanation with the same way as with the work of the antenna assembly of first embodiment.In addition, radiation vertically polarized wave in accompanying drawing 17 also.Directions X and-produce maximum radiation in the directions X, therefore obtain about 6 decibels directional gain.When the angle [alpha] that changes at sweep, can greatly change in the mode identical with the antenna assembly of 1 first embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings in vertical plane and the radiation mode in horizontal plane.For example, when being increased to 150 when spending from 30 degree, change to 150 degree from 40 degree, and change to 58 degree from 78 degree at the half breadth of the radiation mode of vertical plane at the half breadth of the radiation mode of horizontal plane in the angle [alpha] of sweep.
Though what present embodiment was illustrated is that main polarization direction is the situation of vertical direction (Z), if but antenna assembly is arranged to revolve and is turn 90 degrees to select main polarization direction to be horizontal direction (Y), also to can be used as horizontal-polarized antenna work at the antenna assembly shown in the accompanying drawing 17.
As indicated above, in antenna assembly, can realize having the slot aerial of required directivity and higher gain with the simple plane structure according to the 14 embodiment.
(the 15 embodiment)
With reference to the accompanying drawings 18, the antenna assembly according to the 15th embodiment of the present invention is hereinafter described.Accompanying drawing 18 is depicted as the topology view according to the antenna assembly of the 15th embodiment of the present invention.In accompanying drawing 18, reference number 103 expression feed parts; Reference number 104 expression conductor plates; Reference number 105 expressions are as first slot element of antenna element; Reference number 106 expressions are as second slot element of antenna element.
With reference to the accompanying drawings 18, the detailed structure and the work of the antenna assembly of the 15th embodiment of the present invention are hereinafter described.Each first and second slot element 105 and 106 is made of the opening portion that is formed on the conductor plate 104.Forming each first and second slot element 105 and 106 makes its length equal two wavelength.In addition, each first and second slot element 105 and 106 3 positions with the angle [alpha] bending.Antenna assembly that is constituted and the antenna assembly complementation of 5 second embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings as mentioned.In the antenna assembly shown in the accompanying drawing 17, the radiation vertically polarized wave, therefore directions X and-produce maximum radiation in the directions X.Obtain about 8.5 decibels directional gain.When changing angle [alpha], can greatly change in the mode identical with the antenna assembly of 5 second embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings in vertical plane and the radiation mode in horizontal plane.For example, when being increased to 120 when spending from 60 degree, change to 65 degree from 50 degree, and change to 35 degree from 50 degree at the half breadth of the radiation mode of vertical plane at the half breadth of the radiation mode of horizontal plane in the angle [alpha] of sweep.
As indicated above, in antenna assembly, can realize having the slot aerial of required directivity and higher gain with the simple plane structure according to the 15 embodiment.
(the 16 embodiment)
With reference to the accompanying drawings 19, the antenna assembly according to the 16th embodiment of the present invention is hereinafter described.Accompanying drawing 19 is depicted as the topology view according to the antenna assembly of the 16th embodiment of the present invention.In accompanying drawing 19, reference number 103 expression feed parts; Reference number 107 expression conductor plates; Reference number 108 and 110 expressions are as first slot element of antenna element; Reference number 109 and 111 expressions are as second slot element of antenna element.
With reference to the accompanying drawings 19, the detailed structure and the work of the antenna assembly of the 16th embodiment of the present invention are hereinafter described.First slot element 108 is worked in the mode identical with the antenna assembly of 17 the 14 embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings with 111 with first slot element 110 with 109, and is connected in parallel to each other on feed part 103.Antenna assembly of being constructed as accompanying drawing 19 and the antenna assembly complementation of 6 the 3rd embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings.In the antenna assembly shown in the accompanying drawing 19, the radiation vertically polarized wave, therefore directions X and-produce maximum radiation in the directions X.Obtain about 9 decibels directional gain.When changing angle [alpha], can greatly change in the mode identical with the antenna assembly of 6 the 3rd embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings in vertical plane and the radiation mode in horizontal plane.
Point out in passing, although present embodiment explanation is two pairs of situations that antenna assembly is connected in parallel to each other of 17 the 14 embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings, if but be connected in parallel to each other the two pairs of antenna assemblies of the 15 embodiment shown in 18 with reference to the accompanying drawings, the directivity in the vertical plane is narrowed down to obtain higher directional gain.
As indicated above, in antenna assembly, can realize having the slot aerial of required directivity and higher gain with the simple plane structure according to the 16 embodiment.
(the 17 embodiment)
With reference to the accompanying drawings 20, the antenna assembly according to the 17th embodiment of the present invention is hereinafter described.Accompanying drawing 20 is depicted as the topology view according to the antenna assembly of the 17th embodiment of the present invention.In accompanying drawing 20, reference number 103 expression feed parts; Reference number 112 expression dielectric substrates; Reference number 113 expression conductor plates; Reference number 114,115,116 and 117 expressions are as the slot element of antenna element.
With reference to the accompanying drawings 20, the detailed structure and the work of the antenna assembly of the 17th embodiment of the present invention are hereinafter described.Conductor fig 113 is made of the printed pattern that is formed on the dielectric substrates 112.Slot element 114,115,116 and 117 is made of the opening portion that is formed in the conductor pattern 113.For example, when the effectively relative electric medium constant of dielectric substrates 112 is 2, because the wavelength in dielectric substrates 112 is reduced to the only about half of of wavelength in free space, so the length of each slot element 114,115,116 and 117 reduces to length only about half of of a corresponding slot element among first and second slot element 108,109,110 and 111 in the antenna assembly shown in the accompanying drawing 19.Above the antenna assembly that is constituted with work in the identical mode of the antenna assembly shown in the accompanying drawing 19.
Point out in passing, also in the present embodiment, can be controlled at radiation mode in the horizontal plane and in vertical plane by changing angle [alpha] in sweep.As indicated above, in antenna assembly, can realize having the slot aerial of required directivity and higher gain with less size and simple plane structure according to the 17 embodiment.
(the 18 embodiment)
With reference to the accompanying drawings 21, the antenna assembly according to the 18th embodiment of the present invention is hereinafter described.Accompanying drawing 21 is depicted as the topology view according to the antenna assembly of the 18th embodiment of the present invention.In accompanying drawing 21, reference number 103 expression feed parts; Reference number 107 expression conductor plates; Reference number 108 and 110 expressions are as first slot element of antenna element; Reference number 109 and 111 expressions are as second slot element of antenna element; And reference number 118 expression reflecting plates.
With reference to the accompanying drawings 21, the detailed structure and the work of the antenna assembly of the 18th embodiment of the present invention are hereinafter described.Conductor plate 107, first and second slot element 108,109,110 are worked in the mode identical with the antenna assembly of the 16 embodiment shown in 19 with reference to the accompanying drawings with feed part 103 with 111.Be provided with reflecting plate 118 make its on-directions X with conductor plate 107 spacing distances 119.
Conductor plate 107, first and second slot element 108,109,110 and 111 and feed part 103 directions X and-produce maximum radiation on the directions X.The ripple of radiation is by reflecting plate 118 reflections, so that at directions X radiation reflected wave on-directions X.Therefore radiation mode concentrates on the directions X.When the distance 119 of selecting reflecting plate 118 be about 0.3 λ (wavelength 0.3 times), the about 12.5 decibels directional gain of acquisition on directions X.
Point out in passing, also in the present embodiment, can be controlled at radiation mode in the horizontal plane and in vertical plane by changing angle [alpha] in sweep.
As indicated above, in antenna assembly, can realize having the slot aerial of required directivity and higher gain with the simple plane structure according to the 18 embodiment.
(the 19 embodiment)
With reference to the accompanying drawings 22, the wireless device that has antenna assembly according to 19th embodiment of the present invention structure is hereinafter described.Accompanying drawing 22 is depicted as the topology view according to the antenna assembly of the 19th embodiment of the present invention.In accompanying drawing 22, reference number 119 expression antenna assemblies; Reference number 120 expression high frequency cables; Reference number 121 expression reflecting plates; Reference number 122 expression radio circuit parts; And reference number 123 expression antenna covers.
Structure according to the wireless device of present embodiment is hereinafter described in more detail.Reflecting plate 121 is arranged on the side surface of radio circuit part 122.Antenna assembly 119 is set so that the distance (for example 0.3 λ) of itself and reflecting plate 121 fixed interval.High frequency cable 120 is connected to antenna assembly 119 with to antenna assembly 119 feeds from radio circuit part 122.Antenna assembly 119 is by antenna cover 123 protections.Antenna assembly 119 with the antenna assembly same way as work of the 13 embodiment shown in 16 with reference to the accompanying drawings.
With reference to the accompanying drawings 22, the work according to the wireless device of present embodiment is hereinafter described.In the wireless device of being constructed as mentioned, will concentrate on the direction of arrow 124 from the radiation of antenna assembly 119 by reflecting plate 121.Therefore, obtain 9.5 decibels directional gain.Therefore, radio circuit part 122 does not influence antenna characteristics.In addition, radio circuit part 122 is not subjected to the influence of the electric wave that gives off from antenna assembly 119 yet.
In addition, it is just enough if the distance between reflecting plate 121 and antenna assembly 119 is approximately 0.3 λ (operating frequency for 1900 megahertzes is about 45 millimeters).Therefore, can make wireless device very compact with built-in aerial.Therefore, if wireless device is applied to fixed terminal equipment or is applied to radio base station, can obtain required radiation directivity with less size and simple structure.Therefore, can realize having the fixed terminal equipment or the radio base station of the built-in aerial of higher gain.
Point out that in passing the configuration of wireless device and antenna assembly is not limited to present embodiment, also can obtain same effect as indicated above if use identical structure as indicated above.
As indicated above, in wireless device, can realize having the wireless device of built-in aerial with less size and simple structure according to the 19 embodiment, this antenna has required directivity and higher gain.
(the 20 embodiment)
With reference to the accompanying drawings 23, the antenna assembly according to the 20th embodiment of the present invention is hereinafter described.Accompanying drawing 23 is depicted as the topology view according to the antenna assembly of the 20th embodiment of the present invention.In accompanying drawing 23, reference number 125,126,127 and 128 expression antenna assemblies; Reference number 129 and 130 expression reflecting plates; Reference number 131,132,133 and 134 expression accessories; Reference number 136 expressions first antenna system; Reference number 137 expressions second antenna system; And reference number 138 expression electric poles (pole).
With reference to the accompanying drawings 23, detailed structure and work according to the antenna assembly of twentieth embodiment of the invention are hereinafter described.Antenna assembly 125,126,127 and 128 with the antenna assembly same way as work of the 13 embodiment shown in 16 with reference to the accompanying drawings.Antenna assembly 125 and 126 passes through reflecting plate 129 to be fixed with the reverse each other setting of 180 degree and by accessory 131 and 132.Therefore, form first antenna system 136.With 180 degree antenna assembly 127 and 128 being set oppositely each other by reflecting plate 130 similarly also fixes by accessory 133 and 134.Therefore, form second antenna system 137.First and second antenna systems 136 and 137 are by the fixed to one another so that distance (being generally the distance of a wavelength or bigger distance) that its each interval is fixing of accessory 135, so that they play diversity antenna.
At this, in first antenna system 136 because the effect antenna assembly 125 of reflecting plate 129 has the radiation directions of about 180 degree according to the half breadth at directions X, therefore in the ratio of gains of-directions X low about 10 decibels of the gain of directions X.On the other hand because the effect antenna assembly 126 of reflecting plate 129 is according to having the radiation directions of about 180 degree at the-half breadth of directions X, therefore in the ratio of gains of directions X low about 10 decibels of the gain of-directions X.As indicated above, in antenna assembly 125 and 126, use reflecting plate 129 publicly.In addition, second antenna system 137 is worked in the mode identical with first antenna system 136.
Point out that in passing this antenna assembly and setting and configuration thereof are not limited to present embodiment, if provide identical structure as indicated above also can obtain same effect as indicated above.
As indicated above, in antenna assembly, can realize the fan-shaped diversity antenna that constitutes by a plurality of antennas that are provided with therein with less size and simple structure according to the 20 embodiment, this antenna has required directivity and higher gain.
Industrial applicibility
According to the present invention, the antenna assembly of constructing especially as mentioned has with rhombus side respect to one another Two antenna assemblies that formula arranges are with to an end feed of each antenna element and another of this antenna element The end open circuit. Each antenna element of antenna assembly the therein heart therefore can selected angle with the angle [alpha] bending α is for obtaining the angle of best radiation directivity. Therefore, can obtain institute with simple planar structure The best radiation directivity that needs. Therefore, can realize having the antenna assembly of higher gain.
In addition, according to the present invention, particularly at antenna element by the printed pattern structure on dielectric substrates Situation about becoming can realize required radiation directivity with littler size and simple planar structure. Cause This, the antenna assembly that can realize having higher gain.
In addition, according to the present invention, particularly in the main polarization direction that intersects that is perpendicular to one another two pairs of skies are set Line apparatus, with to two pairs of antenna assemblies with differ each other 90 the degree the phase place feeds. Therefore, can be with simply Planar structure realize required radiation directivity. Therefore, can realize having the circular polarization of higher gain Antenna.
In addition, according to the present invention, a plurality of antenna assemblies particularly are set so that main polarization direction is mutually the same And main radiation direction differs from one another, so that the relative antenna element part in one or more antenna assemblies Be electrically connected to each other/disconnect with dividing. The directionality that therefore, can differently change radiation with simple structure with Obtain required directionality. Therefore, can realize having the antenna assembly of the direction-changeable of higher gain.
In addition, according to the present invention, particularly quarter-wavelength stub is connected to feed part with Feed is carried out in the position of stub impedance optimum. Therefore, can be to have the small-sized coupling of simple structure Circuit obtains preferably impedance matching. Therefore, can realize having the antenna assembly of higher gain.
In addition, according to the present invention, particularly antenna assembly has slot element, and this slot element is arranged on In two conductor plates and with rhombus mode respect to one another arrange with to an end feed of each slot element and Open on the other end road of this slot element. The heart is curved with angle [alpha] therein for each slot element of this antenna assembly Song can select this angle [alpha] to be the angle of the directionality of the best radiation of acquisition thus. Therefore, can be with tool There is simple planar structure to obtain required radiation directivity. Therefore, can realize having higher gain Slot aerial.
In addition, according to the present invention, wireless device has built-in antenna assembly, at this built-in antenna Two antenna elements arrange with the end feedback to each antenna element in rhombus mode respect to one another in the device Electricity and the other end of this antenna element open circuit. Each antenna element of this antenna assembly therein the heart with angle [alpha] Bending can select this angle [alpha] to be the angle of the directionality of the best radiation of acquisition thus. Therefore, can carry For a kind of wireless device with Built-in antenna apparatus, make this sky with littler size and simple structure Line apparatus has required directionality and higher gain.
In addition, according to the present invention, particularly in a plurality of antenna assemblies, use publicly a reflecting plate. Therefore, can obtain required radiation directivity with littler size and simple structure. Therefore can be real Existing a kind of diversity antenna or fan anteena with higher gain.
In addition, according to the present invention, the built-in aerial of the with good grounds arbitrary embodiment of the present invention of tool for mounting particularly The wireless device of device. Therefore, can obtain required radiation direction with littler size and simple structure The property. Therefore in radio base station, can use a kind of diversity antenna or fan anteena with higher gain.

Claims (3)

1. antenna assembly, comprise first single wavelength antennas element and second single wavelength antennas element, this first single wavelength antennas element is with the angle [alpha] bending at the center of described first single wavelength antennas element, this second single wavelength antennas element is with the angle [alpha] bending at the center of described second single wavelength antennas element, wherein said first and second single wavelength antennas elements are provided with in rhombus mode respect to one another
It is characterized in that:
End at described first and second single wavelength antennas elements is provided with the feed part, the other end open circuit of described first and second single wavelength antennas elements, and select described angle [alpha] to be best angle,
Two pairs of described antenna assemblies wherein are set so that main polarization direction intersects with being perpendicular to one another, and with each other 90 the degree phase differences to described two pairs of antenna assembly feeds.
2. antenna assembly, comprise first single wavelength antennas element and second single wavelength antennas element, this first single wavelength antennas element is with the angle [alpha] bending at the center of described first single wavelength antennas element, this second single wavelength antennas element is with the angle [alpha] bending at the center of described second single wavelength antennas element, wherein said first and second single wavelength antennas elements are provided with in rhombus mode respect to one another
It is characterized in that:
End at described first and second single wavelength antennas elements is provided with the feed part, the other end open circuit of described first and second single wavelength antennas elements, and select described angle [alpha] to be best angle,
Main radiation direction differs 90 degree each other a plurality of described antenna assemblies wherein to be set so that the direction of main polarization is mutually the same, and with the phase differences of 90 degree each other to described a plurality of described antenna assembly feeds.
3. antenna assembly, comprise first single wavelength antennas element and second single wavelength antennas element, this first single wavelength antennas element is with the angle [alpha] bending at the center of described first single wavelength antennas element, this second single wavelength antennas element is with the angle [alpha] bending at the center of described second single wavelength antennas element, wherein said first and second single wavelength antennas elements are provided with in rhombus mode respect to one another
It is characterized in that:
End at described first and second single wavelength antennas elements is provided with the feed part, the other end open circuit of described first and second single wavelength antennas elements, and select described angle [alpha] to be best angle,
A plurality of described antenna assemblies wherein are set, and main radiation direction differs from one another so that the direction of main polarization is mutually the same, part electricals connection/the disconnection each other of the relative antenna element of at least one antenna assembly in described a plurality of antenna assemblies, and with 90 phase differences of spending each other to described a plurality of described antenna assembly feeds.
CNB998160040A 1999-12-02 1999-12-02 Antenna unit and radio apparatus with internal same Expired - Fee Related CN1167172C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP1999/006780 WO2001041254A1 (en) 1999-12-02 1999-12-02 Antenna and radio device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1334977A CN1334977A (en) 2002-02-06
CN1167172C true CN1167172C (en) 2004-09-15

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CN (1) CN1167172C (en)
AU (1) AU776285B2 (en)
DE (1) DE69940894D1 (en)
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JP2004266333A (en) 2003-01-30 2004-09-24 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Antenna device

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2207781A (en) * 1938-05-28 1940-07-16 Rca Corp Ultra high frequency antenna
US2283938A (en) * 1940-01-20 1942-05-26 Rca Corp Antenna system
JPS56126302A (en) * 1980-03-10 1981-10-03 Toshio Makimoto Circular polarized wave microstrip line antenna
US4719470A (en) * 1985-05-13 1988-01-12 Ball Corporation Broadband printed circuit antenna with direct feed
JPH0685487B2 (en) * 1985-05-18 1994-10-26 日本電装株式会社 Dual antenna for dual frequency
JP2559001B2 (en) * 1992-09-17 1996-11-27 八木アンテナ株式会社 Antenna device
JP4067672B2 (en) * 1998-12-25 2008-03-26 松下電器産業株式会社 ANTENNA DEVICE AND RADIO DEVICE AND RADIO RELAY DEVICE USING THE SAME

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CN1334977A (en) 2002-02-06
EP1150381B1 (en) 2009-05-13
AU776285B2 (en) 2004-09-02
EP1150381A1 (en) 2001-10-31
AU1584100A (en) 2001-06-12
EP1150381A4 (en) 2004-09-29
DE69940894D1 (en) 2009-06-25
WO2001041254A1 (en) 2001-06-07

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