CN116715535A - Fly ash plate with sound insulation function - Google Patents
Fly ash plate with sound insulation function Download PDFInfo
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- CN116715535A CN116715535A CN202310711810.7A CN202310711810A CN116715535A CN 116715535 A CN116715535 A CN 116715535A CN 202310711810 A CN202310711810 A CN 202310711810A CN 116715535 A CN116715535 A CN 116715535A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- fly ash
- sound insulation
- parts
- insulation function
- cement
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- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000648 calcium alginate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 235000010410 calcium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229960002681 calcium alginate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- OKHHGHGGPDJQHR-YMOPUZKJSA-L calcium;(2s,3s,4s,5s,6r)-6-[(2r,3s,4r,5s,6r)-2-carboxy-6-[(2r,3s,4r,5s,6r)-2-carboxylato-4,5,6-trihydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Ca+2].O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)O[C@@H](C([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O2)C([O-])=O)O)[C@H](C(O)=O)O1 OKHHGHGGPDJQHR-YMOPUZKJSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001213 Polysorbate 20 Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000256 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010486 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- WPJGWJITSIEFRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine;hydrate Chemical compound O.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 WPJGWJITSIEFRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001732 Lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- DGVVJWXRCWCCOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene;hydrate Chemical compound O.C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 DGVVJWXRCWCCOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfamate Chemical compound NS([O-])(=O)=O IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003469 silicate cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011464 hollow brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002906 medical waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZODDGFAZWTZOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid;sulfuric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O.OS(O)(=O)=O ZODDGFAZWTZOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00025—Aspects relating to the protection of the health, e.g. materials containing special additives to afford skin protection
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/52—Sound-insulating materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a fly ash plate with a sound insulation function, which belongs to the technical field of sound insulation materials and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 115-130 parts of fly ash composite material, 100-120 parts of cement, 10-16 parts of sound insulation material, 2.1-2.8 parts of water reducer and 45-60 parts of water. Wherein the fly ash composite material is prepared by coating fly ash with calcium alginate and adhering biochar on the outer surface of the fly ash material coated with the calcium alginate. The sound insulation material comprises hollow glass microspheres, calcium carbonate hollow microspheres and SiO 2 One or two or more than two hollow microspheres. In the technical scheme of the application, the prepared fly ash plate has excellent sound insulation function and compressive strength, and accords with GB5085.3-2007 hazardous waste identification standard leaching toxicity identificationThe standard limit of the method is low in production cost and has good application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of sound insulation materials, and particularly relates to a fly ash plate with a sound insulation function.
Background
Fly ash refers to substances collected in a heat recovery and utilization system and a flue gas purification system after incineration of household garbage, medical waste and industrial production, and contains active ingredients such as silicon dioxide and calcium oxide. In the incineration process, volatile heavy metals and chlorides with lower melting points are condensed and enriched on the surfaces of fly ash particles, and the condensed fly ash is enriched with a large amount of soluble chlorides, heavy metals and other substances, so that the stabilization and solidification of cement are a common and reliable technology for treating the waste incineration fly ash. However, heavy metals contained in fly ash interfere with cement hydration, resulting in a decrease in compressive strength of cement and unsatisfactory setting effect. In addition, the compressive strength of the current sound insulation materials for construction is still to be further improved. Therefore, there is a need for a fly ash sheet material having excellent sound insulation function and compressive strength at low manufacturing cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a fly ash plate with a sound insulation function, which is prepared by mixing a fly ash composite material, cement, a sound insulation material, a water reducing agent and water, wherein the fly ash composite material is calcium alginate coated fly ash, and biochar is adhered to the outer surface of the calcium alginate coated fly ash material. The dissolution of heavy metal ions or chloride ions is reduced through the cooperation of the coating of the calcium alginate and the biochar, the weakening effect of the heavy metal ions or the chloride ions on the compressive strength of cement is relieved, the compressive strength of the plate is improved, and in addition, the added sound insulation material is high in hardness, so that the compressive strength of the plate can be further improved. The biochar contains micro pores, can convert sound energy into heat energy, and the sound insulation material provides a large number of cavities in the plate, can refract, scatter, diffract and reflect sound waves, reduce the intensity of sound waves penetrating through the sound insulation material, and enable the plate to have excellent sound insulation performance through the effects.
The application aims to solve the technical problems: heavy metals contained in fly ash interfere with cement hydration, so that the compressive strength of cement is reduced, and the curing effect is not ideal; in addition, the compressive strength of the current sound insulation materials for construction is still to be further improved.
The aim of the application can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
the fly ash plate with the sound insulation function comprises the following components in parts by weight: 115-130 parts of fly ash composite material, 100-120 parts of cement, 10-16 parts of sound insulation material, 2.1-2.8 parts of water reducer and 55-70 parts of water.
Further, the cement includes any one or a mixture of two or more of ordinary portland cement, slag portland cement and pozzolanic portland cement.
Further, the water reducing agent comprises any one or a mixture of two or more of lignin sulfonate water reducing agent, naphthalene water reducing agent, melamine water reducing agent, sulfamate water reducing agent, fatty acid water reducing agent and polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
Further, the sound insulation material comprises hollow glass microspheres, calcium carbonate hollow microspheres and SiO 2 One or two or more than two hollow microspheres.
Further, the soundproof material is subjected to the following modification treatment: immersing the sound insulation material into a surface active adhesive Tween 20 or Tween 40 for modification treatment.
In the operation process, the surface active adhesive is used for carrying out surface modification treatment on the sound insulation material, so that the interface compatibility of the sound insulation material and other materials is improved, and the compressive strength of the plate is further improved. The sound insulation material provides a large number of cavities in the plate, and can refract, scatter, diffract and reflect sound waves, so that the intensity of sound waves transmitted through the sound insulation material is reduced, and the purpose of improving the sound insulation effect is achieved; meanwhile, the sound insulation material has high hardness, and the compressive strength of the plate can be improved.
Further, the preparation method of the fly ash composite material comprises the following steps:
a1, mixing fly ash and sodium alginate solution to obtain a mixed solution, dripping the mixed solution into calcium chloride solution, filtering, washing with deionized water, and drying to obtain a calcium alginate coated fly ash material;
a2, putting the biochar into deionized water, adding cement to obtain a paste, adding calcium alginate to coat the fly ash material into the paste, and stirring to obtain the fly ash composite material.
In the preparation process, the fly ash is coated by the calcium alginate, on one hand, the calcium alginate can fix heavy metal ions or chloride ions in the fly ash, prevent the heavy metal ions or chloride ions from inhibiting cement hydration, relieve the weakening effect of the heavy metal ions or chloride ions on the compressive strength of the cement, and improve the compressive strength of the plate; on the other hand, the calcium alginate has adhesiveness and is convenient for the subsequent coating of the biochar. The biochar is a product of rice hull pyrolysis, has a mesoporous structure, a higher specific surface area and rich functional groups, can adsorb heavy metal ions, and can reduce the dissolution of the heavy metal ions or chloride ions in cooperation with calcium alginate. The biochar has high water retention capacity, and the addition of the biochar can improve the cement hydration process and the compressive strength of the plate. Meanwhile, pores are introduced into the plate by adding the biochar, and the excessive pores trigger the generation of microcracks, so that the compressive strength of the plate is reduced.
The biochar contains micro-pores, when sound waves propagate in the biochar, the sound waves cause vibration of air molecules in the pores, and due to viscous resistance of air, the friction between the air molecules and pore walls converts sound energy into friction heat energy to absorb sound, and meanwhile, the damping performance of the calcium alginate coating layer and fly ash is utilized, so that the loss of the sound energy is increased, and the sound insulation effect is improved.
Further, in the step A1, the mass fraction of the sodium alginate solution is 1.8-3.2%.
Further, in the step A1, the mass fraction of the calcium chloride solution is 1-1.7%.
Further, in the step A1, the dosage ratio of the fly ash, the sodium alginate solution and the calcium chloride solution is 12g:1200-1300mL:1500-1700mL.
Further, in the step A2, the using amount ratio of the biochar to the calcium alginate coated fly ash material to the cement to the deionized water is 3g:7-9.5g:1-2g:4-7mL.
Further, in the step A2, the preparation method of the biochar comprises the following steps: the wood chips are pyrolyzed for 0.5 to 1.5 hours at a high temperature of 300 to 400 ℃ under the anaerobic condition.
The preparation method of the fly ash plate with the sound insulation function comprises the following steps:
b1, ultrasonically dispersing the sound insulation material and the fly ash composite material into water to obtain a mixture;
and B2, adding cement and sand into the mixture, mixing and stirring, adding the water reducer, uniformly mixing, pouring into a plate forming die, and demolding to obtain the fly ash plate with the sound insulation function.
The application has the beneficial effects that:
(1) In the technical scheme of the application, the surface active adhesive is used for carrying out surface modification treatment on the sound insulation material, so that the interface compatibility of the sound insulation material and other materials is improved, and the compressive strength of the plate is further improved; meanwhile, the sound insulation material has high hardness, and the compressive strength of the plate can be improved.
(2) According to the technical scheme, the dissolution of heavy metal ions or chloride ions is reduced by utilizing the coating of calcium alginate and biochar, the hydration of cement is prevented by the heavy metal ions or chloride ions, the weakening effect of the heavy metal ions or chloride ions on the compressive strength of the cement is relieved, and the compressive strength of the plate is improved.
(3) According to the technical scheme, the biochar contains micro-pores, when sound waves propagate in the biochar, the sound waves cause vibration of air molecules in the pores, and due to viscous resistance of air and friction between the air molecules and pore walls, sound energy is converted into friction heat energy to absorb sound, meanwhile, the damping performance of a calcium alginate coating layer and fly ash is utilized, so that the loss of the sound energy is increased, a large number of cavities are provided in the plate by the sound insulation material, the sound waves can be refracted, scattered, diffracted and reflected, the sound wave intensity of the sound waves penetrating through the sound insulation material is reduced, and the plate has excellent sound insulation performance through the effects.
(4) In the technical scheme of the application, the waste materials such as fly ash, biochar and the like are recycled, the content of cement is reduced by adding the fly ash and the biochar, the production cost is reduced, and meanwhile, the prepared fly ash plate meets the standard limiting requirements of GB5085.3-2007 hazardous waste identification standard leaching toxicity identification.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a fly ash composite material, which comprises the following steps:
a1, mixing 12kg of fly ash with 1200L of sodium alginate solution with the mass fraction of 1.8% to obtain a mixed solution, dripping the mixed solution into 1500L of calcium chloride solution with the mass fraction of 1%, filtering, washing with deionized water for 3 times, and drying to obtain a calcium alginate coated fly ash material;
a2, carrying out high-temperature pyrolysis on the wood chips for 0.5h under the anaerobic condition, wherein the pyrolysis temperature is 400 ℃, and obtaining the biochar; 3kg of biochar is put into 4L of deionized water, 1kg of cement is added to obtain a paste, 7kg of calcium alginate coated fly ash material is added to the paste, and the mixture is stirred to obtain the fly ash composite material.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a fly ash composite material, which comprises the following steps:
a1, mixing 12.5kg of fly ash with 1250L of sodium alginate solution with the mass fraction of 2% to obtain a mixed solution, dripping the mixed solution into 1600L of calcium chloride solution with the mass fraction of 1.4%, filtering, washing with deionized water for 3 times, and drying to obtain the calcium alginate coated fly ash material;
a2, carrying out high-temperature pyrolysis on the wood chips for 1h under the anaerobic condition, wherein the pyrolysis temperature is 350 ℃, so as to obtain biochar; 3kg of biochar is put into 5.5L of deionized water, 1.5kg of cement is added to obtain a paste, 8.2kg of calcium alginate coated fly ash material is added to the paste, and the mixture is stirred to obtain the fly ash composite material.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a fly ash composite material, which comprises the following steps:
a1, mixing 12kg of fly ash with 1300L of sodium alginate solution with the mass fraction of 3.2% to obtain a mixed solution, dripping the mixed solution into 1700L of calcium chloride solution with the mass fraction of 1.7%, filtering, washing with deionized water for 3 times, and drying to obtain the calcium alginate coated fly ash material;
a2, carrying out high-temperature pyrolysis on the wood chips for 1.5 hours under the anaerobic condition, wherein the pyrolysis temperature is 300 ℃, and obtaining biochar; 3kg of biochar is put into 7L of deionized water, 2kg of cement is added to obtain a paste, 9.5kg of calcium alginate coated fly ash material is added to the paste, and the mixture is stirred to obtain the fly ash composite material.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a fly ash plate with a sound insulation function, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 115 parts of fly ash composite material, 100 parts of ordinary Portland cement, 10 parts of sound insulation material, 2.1 parts of lignosulfonate water reducer and 55 parts of water.
The preparation method of the fly ash plate comprises the following steps:
b1, immersing hollow glass microspheres of a sound insulation material into a surface active binder Tween 20 for modification treatment, and ultrasonically dispersing the modified sound insulation material and the fly ash composite material prepared in the embodiment 2 into water for 30min to obtain a mixture;
and B2, adding cement and sand into the mixture, mixing and stirring, adding a water reducing agent, uniformly mixing, pouring into a plate forming die for forming for 18 hours, and demolding to obtain the fly ash plate with the sound insulation function.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a fly ash plate with a sound insulation function, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 120 parts of fly ash composite material, 110 parts of slag silicate cement, 12 parts of sound insulation material, 2.3 parts of naphthalene water reducer and 58 parts of water.
The preparation method of the fly ash plate comprises the following steps:
b1, immersing the hollow microspheres of the sound-insulating material calcium carbonate into a surface active binder Tween 20 for modification treatment, and ultrasonically dispersing the modified sound-insulating material and the fly ash composite material prepared in the embodiment 2 into water for 30min to obtain a mixture;
and B2, adding cement and sand into the mixture, mixing and stirring, adding a water reducing agent, uniformly mixing, pouring into a plate forming die to form for 20 hours, and demoulding to obtain the fly ash plate with the sound insulation function.
Example 6
The embodiment provides a fly ash plate with a sound insulation function, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 125 parts of fly ash composite material, 110 parts of pozzolanic silicate cement, 12 parts of sound insulation material, 2.5 parts of melamine water reducer and 60 parts of water.
The preparation method of the fly ash plate comprises the following steps:
b1, soundproof material SiO 2 Immersing the hollow microspheres in a surface active binder Tween 40 for modification treatment, and ultrasonically dispersing the modified sound insulation material and the fly ash composite material prepared in the embodiment 2 into water for 30min to obtain a mixture;
and B2, adding cement and sand into the mixture, mixing and stirring, adding a water reducing agent, uniformly mixing, pouring into a plate forming die to form for 22h, and demolding to obtain the fly ash plate with the sound insulation function.
Example 7
The embodiment provides a fly ash plate with a sound insulation function, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 125 parts of fly ash composite material, 115 parts of ordinary Portland cement, 15 parts of sound insulation material, 2.6 parts of sulfamate water reducer and 67 parts of water.
The preparation method of the fly ash plate comprises the following steps:
b1, immersing hollow glass microspheres of a sound insulation material and hollow microspheres of calcium carbonate into a surface active binder Tween 40 for modification treatment, and ultrasonically dispersing the modified sound insulation material and the fly ash composite material prepared in the embodiment 2 into water for 30min to obtain a mixture;
and B2, adding cement and sand into the mixture, mixing and stirring, adding a water reducing agent, uniformly mixing, pouring into a plate forming die for forming for 24 hours, and demolding to obtain the fly ash plate with the sound insulation function.
Example 8
The embodiment provides a fly ash plate with a sound insulation function, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 130 parts of fly ash composite material, 120 parts of ordinary silicate cement and slag silicate cement, 16 parts of sound insulation material, 2.8 parts of polycarboxylate water reducer and 70 parts of water.
The preparation method of the fly ash plate comprises the following steps:
b1, mixing sound insulation material calcium carbonate hollow microsphere and SiO 2 Immersing the hollow microspheres in a surface active binder Tween 40 for modification treatment, and ultrasonically dispersing the modified sound insulation material and the fly ash composite material prepared in the embodiment 2 into water for 30min to obtain a mixture;
and B2, adding cement and sand into the mixture, mixing and stirring, adding a water reducing agent, uniformly mixing, pouring into a plate forming die for forming for 24 hours, and demolding to obtain the fly ash plate with the sound insulation function.
Comparative example 1
In comparison with example 6, the biochar in comparative example 1 was not adhered to the surface of the calcium alginate coated fly ash material, but was added to cement separately, and the other steps and raw materials were synchronized with example 6.
Comparative example 2
In comparison with example 6, the fly ash of comparative example 2 was not coated with calcium alginate, and fly ash and biochar were added to cement separately, and the other steps and raw materials were synchronized with example 6.
Comparative example 3
In comparison with example 6, the sound-damping material of comparative example 3 was not modified with a surface-active binder, and the other steps and raw materials were synchronized with example 6.
The fly ash sheets prepared in examples 4 to 8 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were examined, and the results are shown in Table 1.
(1) Compressive strength: according to GB/T17671-2021 Standard of cement mortar strength test method (ISO method), a cement strength tester is adopted to test the compressive strength of the fly ash plate after curing for 28 days;
(2) Sound insulation effect: manufacturing a fly ash plate into a hollow cube test piece with the size of 1000mm multiplied by 1000mm, wherein the cube test piece is provided with five surfaces, the thickness of the fly ash plate is 35mm, arranging a sound detector inside the cube test piece, arranging a sound generator outside the hollow brick, and detecting and recording the decibels received by the sound detector;
(3) Leaching test: leaching experiments were performed according to the relevant regulations of HJ/T299-2007 "sulfuric acid nitric acid method of solid waste leaching toxicity leaching method".
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the compression strength of the fly ash plate prepared by the application reaches 38.0MPa, the decibel number of the detector is as low as 54dB, and the leaching concentration of heavy metal is low, so that the fly ash plate has excellent sound insulation performance and compression strength, the solidification efficiency of heavy metal in the fly ash is high, and the requirements of pollution concentration limitation in GB5085.3-2007 hazardous waste identification standard leaching toxicity identification are met.
As can be seen from the data of comparative examples 6 and 1, the adhesion of biochar to the surface of the calcium alginate coated fly ash material improves the compression resistance of the board, the sound insulation effect is improved, and the leaching concentration of heavy metals is also remarkably reduced; as can be seen from the data of comparative examples 6 and 2, the fly ash is not coated with calcium alginate and biochar, and heavy metal ions in the fly ash cannot be effectively solidified, so that the leaching concentration of heavy metal is remarkably improved, cement hydration is inhibited, the barrier of crack growth is reduced, the compressive strength is remarkably reduced, and the sound insulation effect is remarkably reduced; the data of comparative example 6 and comparative example 3 show that when the soundproof material is not modified, compatibility of the soundproof material with other materials is reduced, resulting in a decrease in compressive strength of the plate.
In the description of the present specification, the descriptions of the terms "one embodiment," "example," "specific example," and the like, mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing is merely illustrative and explanatory of the application, as various modifications and additions may be made to the particular embodiments described, or in a similar manner, by those skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of the application or exceeding the scope of the application as defined in the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The fly ash plate with the sound insulation function is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 115-130 parts of fly ash composite material, 100-120 parts of cement, 10-16 parts of sound insulation material, 2.1-2.8 parts of water reducer and 55-70 parts of water;
the preparation method of the fly ash composite material comprises the following steps:
a1, mixing fly ash and sodium alginate solution to obtain a mixed solution, dripping the mixed solution into calcium chloride solution, filtering, washing with deionized water, and drying to obtain a calcium alginate coated fly ash material;
a2, putting the biochar into deionized water, adding cement to obtain a paste, adding calcium alginate to coat the fly ash material into the paste, and stirring to obtain the fly ash composite material.
2. A fly ash board with sound insulation function according to claim 1, wherein the cement comprises any one or a mixture of two or more of Portland cement, slag Portland cement, and pozzolanic Portland cement.
3. The fly ash board with sound insulation function according to claim 1, wherein the water reducing agent comprises any one or a mixture of two or more of lignin sulfonate water reducing agent, naphthalene water reducing agent, melamine water reducing agent, sulfamate water reducing agent, fatty acid water reducing agent and polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
4. The fly ash board with sound insulation function according to claim 1, wherein the sound insulation material comprises hollow glass microspheres, calcium carbonate hollow microspheres, siO 2 One or two or more than two hollow microspheres.
5. The fly ash board with sound insulation function according to claim 1, wherein the sound insulation material is subjected to the following modification treatment: immersing the sound insulation material into a surface active adhesive Tween 20 or Tween 40 for modification treatment.
6. The fly ash board with the sound insulation function according to claim 1, wherein in the step A1, the mass fraction of the sodium alginate solution is 1.8-3.2%; the mass fraction of the calcium chloride solution is 1-1.7%.
7. The fly ash board with sound insulation function according to claim 1, wherein in the step A1, the ratio of the amount of the fly ash, the sodium alginate solution and the calcium chloride solution is 12g:1200-1300mL:1500-1700mL.
8. The fly ash board with sound insulation function according to claim 1, wherein in the step A2, the ratio of the biochar, the calcium alginate coated fly ash material, the cement and the deionized water is 3g:7-9.5g:1-2g:4-7mL.
9. The fly ash board with sound insulation function according to claim 1, wherein in the step A2, the preparation method of biochar comprises the following steps: the wood chips are pyrolyzed for 0.5 to 1.5 hours at a high temperature of 300 to 400 ℃ under the anaerobic condition.
10. The fly ash board with sound insulation function according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the fly ash board with sound insulation function comprises the following steps:
b1, ultrasonically dispersing the sound insulation material and the fly ash composite material into water to obtain a mixture;
and B2, adding cement and sand into the mixture, mixing and stirring, adding the water reducer, uniformly mixing, pouring into a plate forming die, and demolding to obtain the fly ash plate with the sound insulation function.
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