CN116715343A - Iron-carbon reinforced microbial fuel cell type wetland and application thereof - Google Patents
Iron-carbon reinforced microbial fuel cell type wetland and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116715343A CN116715343A CN202310487934.1A CN202310487934A CN116715343A CN 116715343 A CN116715343 A CN 116715343A CN 202310487934 A CN202310487934 A CN 202310487934A CN 116715343 A CN116715343 A CN 116715343A
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- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidyneiron Chemical compound [C].[Fe] QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000010797 grey water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- 230000027756 respiratory electron transport chain Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 210000003278 egg shell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001112696 Clostridia Species 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 99
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 15
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- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 8
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 7
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- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010866 blackwater Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 241000193403 Clostridium Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000283073 Equus caballus Species 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000588769 Proteus <enterobacteria> Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001104043 Syringa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004338 Syringa vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000233948 Typha Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000370 acceptor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/005—Combined electrochemical biological processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
- B01D24/007—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof with multiple filtering elements in series connection
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
- B01D24/02—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof with the filter bed stationary during the filtration
- B01D24/10—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof with the filter bed stationary during the filtration the filtering material being held in a closed container
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of domestic sewage treatment, and particularly relates to an iron-carbon reinforced microbial fuel cell type wetland and application thereof. The wetland comprises a descending vertical subsurface flow wetland main body, a water inlet and a bottom water outlet which are arranged at the top of the wetland main body, wherein a packing layer, a gravel layer and a supporting layer are respectively arranged in the descending vertical subsurface flow wetland main body from top to bottom in the vertical direction, a cathode layer of a microbial fuel cell is arranged in the packing layer, the cathode layer is a carbon felt wrapped by a stainless steel wire mesh, an anode layer of the microbial fuel cell is arranged between the gravel layer and the supporting layer, the anode layer is an iron-carbon filler, a carbon felt wrapped by the stainless steel wire mesh is further arranged in the iron-carbon filler, and the cathode layer are further connected through a circuit to realize electron transfer. The iron-carbon reinforced microbial fuel cell type wetland provided by the invention can treat domestic gray water with organic matters as main pollutants for irrigation, and solves the problems of purification and emission of rural domestic gray water.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of domestic sewage treatment, and particularly relates to an iron-carbon reinforced microbial fuel cell type wetland and application thereof.
Background
The toilet revolution is promoted in rural areas in China, most rural areas mainly including dry toilets in China carry out single and effective treatment on excrement, but how to solve domestic ash water except for the excrement in the toilets is still a problem which needs to be solved in modern rural environment sanitation and pollution control and is still a problem for realizing smooth promotion of improvement of the living environment in the rural areas.
Rural domestic sewage treatment technologies are various, but the aim of controlling rural water pollution in a high-efficiency and low-cost manner can be really achieved only by combining the rural toilet-changing situation and selecting the treatment technology according to local conditions. At present, when rural sewage treatment is carried out, organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in the sewage are mainly controlled, the rural sewage comprises black water in a toilet and domestic gray water, and 90% of nitrogen and phosphorus in the rural sewage are mainly from the black water. The pollutants in the domestic ash water are mainly organic matters, other indexes such as total nitrogen, total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen and the like are not treated, the concentration of TN and ammonia nitrogen is lower than the first-level A standard of pollutant emission standard of urban sewage treatment plants, and the concentration of TP is lower than 1mg/L.
As a common ecological treatment process, the constructed wetland has the characteristics of large buffer capacity, good treatment effect, simple process, investment saving, low running cost and the like, and is very suitable for rural areas with low population density, scattered living and imperfect drainage facilities. On the basis of the traditional constructed wetland, aiming at the actual situation that the main pollutants of the rural domestic grey water are organic matters, the constructed wetland for efficiently degrading the organic matters in the rural domestic grey water is developed, and has very important significance for treating rural sewage.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an iron-carbon reinforced microbial fuel cell type wetland.
The invention adopts the following technical means:
the iron-carbon reinforced microbial fuel cell type wetland comprises a downlink vertical subsurface flow wetland main body, a water inlet and a bottom water outlet, wherein the water inlet and the bottom water outlet are arranged at the top of the wetland main body, the downlink vertical subsurface flow wetland main body is respectively provided with a packing layer, a gravel layer and a supporting layer from top to bottom in the vertical direction, the inside of the packing layer is provided with a cathode layer of a microbial fuel cell, and an anode layer of the microbial fuel cell is arranged between the gravel layer and the supporting layer; the anode layer is filled with iron carbon, a layer of carbon felt wrapped by a stainless steel wire mesh is also arranged in the iron carbon, and the cathode layer is wrapped by the stainless steel wire mesh; the stainless steel wire mesh of the cathode layer and the stainless steel wire mesh of the cathode layer are connected through a circuit to realize electron transfer.
Preferably, the thickness of the packing layer is 25-35 cm, the 2/3 position of the packing layer close to the top is set to be a gas-liquid interface, the cathode layer is arranged at the gas-liquid interface of the packing layer, the lower bottom surface of the cathode layer is attached to the gas-liquid interface, and the thickness of the anode layer is 5-10 cm.
Preferably, the iron-carbon filler is iron-carbon particles with the particle size of 3-6 mm, wherein the mass ratio of iron to carbon in the iron-carbon particles is 4:5, and copper with the mass ratio of 5% is doped in the iron-carbon particles; the carbon felt is graphite carbon felt with the thickness of 10-15 mm, and the mesh number of the stainless steel wires is 12.
Preferably, the packing layer is formed by mixing quartz sand with the particle size of 0-2 mm, eggshells with the particle size of 2-4 mm and volcanic rock with the particle size of 2-4 mm according to the volume ratio of 2:1:1; the gravel layer consists of gravels with the grain diameter of 5-10 mm, and the thickness of the gravel layer is 40-60 cm; the supporting layer consists of gravel with the particle size of 10-15 mm, and the thickness of the supporting layer is 10-20 cm.
Preferably, the gravel surface filled in the gravel layer is provided with a microbial film layer, the thickness of the microbial film layer is 0.1-2 mm, and the microbial film layer is formed by mixing one or more microorganisms in the class of Clostridium, the class of beta-amoxycillium and the class of gamma-amoxycillium.
Preferably, plants are also planted in the filler layer, and a plant planting layer is formed above the filler layer, wherein the plants comprise emergent aquatic wetland plants and cold-resistant wetland plants.
Preferably, the water outlet is connected with a clarification tank, and the top of the clarification tank is provided with an overflow water outlet.
Preferably, the main body of the downward vertical subsurface flow wetland is arranged below the ground, and the surface of the packing layer is level with the ground; the water inlet is provided with a water inlet pipeline, the inner diameter of the water inlet pipeline is 110mm, and the center of the water inlet pipeline is 30cm lower than the ground; the overflow water outlet is provided with a water outlet pipeline, the inner diameter of the water outlet pipeline is 110mm, and the water outlet pipeline is at least 35cm lower than the ground.
The rural grey water belongs to small-flow intermittent drainage, the residence time of the water body of the domestic grey water in the wetland is 1-2 days, and the hydraulic residence time can ensure the treatment efficiency and effect.
The invention also provides application of the iron-carbon reinforced microbial fuel cell type wetland in rural domestic grey water treatment.
The invention also provides application of the iron-carbon reinforced microbial fuel cell type wetland in water treatment for farmland irrigation, and water body treated by the iron-carbon reinforced microbial fuel cell type wetland, especially rural domestic gray water, meets the vegetable irrigation standard of the water quality standard of farmland irrigation (GB 5084-2021), and can be used for farmland irrigation.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the water body to be treated such as domestic ash water automatically flows into the upper part of the iron-carbon reinforced microbial fuel cell wetland, and due to the structure and the position of the mixed filler layer with the fine particle size, the plant types and the oxygenation reasons of the inflow water, the filler layer is an aerobic environment, and part of organic matters, ammonia nitrogen, phosphate and the like in the domestic ash water are degraded or mineralized; the cathode region is positioned at the gas-liquid interface, so that on one hand, the air reoxygenation is sufficient, and on the other hand, the root system of the wetland plant can be used for oxygen excretion, so that the oxygen content of the cathode region can be increased, the supply of electron acceptors of the cathode region can be further increased, and the electron transfer capacity of the system can be increased; the medium-grain size framework filler layer is a traditional gravel layer and is positioned onThe surface of the gravel is covered with a layer of microbial film, and organic matters in the domestic ash water can be subjected to anaerobic degradation under the anaerobic action of microorganisms; the anode region is positioned at the lower part of the gravel layer and also belongs to an anaerobic environment, and the iron-carbon reinforced material of the anode region generates Fe through the hydrogen evolution reaction of iron anaerobic corrosion 2+ ，Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ The electrocouple is in anaerobic environment, through mutual conversion of iron oxidizing bacteria and iron reducing bacteria, on one hand, the number, abundance and activity of the electrogenesis bacteria in the anode region can be increased, and on the other hand, the organic matters generate electrons in anaerobic environment to be quickly transferred to Fe 3+ The degradation of organic matters in the domestic gray water is accelerated, and the efficiency of the system for treating the organic matters is further improved. In addition, fe 3+ Under the action of iron reducing bacteria, the ammonia nitrogen can be coupled and oxidized, the ammonia nitrogen degradation and removal efficiency in an anaerobic environment is improved, and part of microorganisms can take Fe as an active ingredient 2+ For electron donor, in oxidizing Fe 2+ At the same time, nitrate is reduced to nitrogen, and microorganisms oxidize Fe 2+ Formation of Fe 3+ The mineral can also co-precipitate with phosphorus in the process to realize the removal of phosphorus.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
aiming at the characteristics of small production amount, multiple dispersion points, main pollutants of organic matters and the like of the domestic gray water, the iron-carbon reinforced microbial fuel cell type wetland provided by the invention can treat the domestic gray water for irrigation, thereby realizing the deep purification of substances taking the organic matters as the main pollutants in rural domestic gray water after source separation, and solving the problems of purification and emission of rural domestic gray water. Compared with the centralized treatment of sewage, the iron-carbon reinforced microbial fuel cell type wetland can save the construction cost of a sewage collecting pipeline, and is particularly suitable for rural areas with scattered village aggregation and fall forms, low economic development degree and immature drainage pipeline systems.
Method for adopting self-flowing constructed wetland by adopting iron-carbon reinforced microbial fuel cell type wetland, and existing purifying tank and A 2 Compared with the integrated rural sewage facilities such as O-MBR and the like, the system has the advantages of unattended operation, self-flowing sewage into the facilities, convenient equipment installation, simple control and buried type without occupying the groundThe surface space is not influenced, the construction and operation costs are low, the service cycle is long, special maintenance is not needed, and the like.
The domestic sewage treated by the iron-carbon reinforced microbial fuel cell type wetland has the water quality reaching the irrigation standard, and the effluent finally enters a farmland irrigation canal or directly performs farmland irrigation, so that on one hand, the energy consumption is reduced, the difficulty of facility operation and maintenance is reduced, and on the other hand, the recycling of water resources and nitrogen and phosphorus resources contained in grey water is realized, and the domestic sewage treatment is closely linked with rural ecology, agricultural production and farmer life, so that the accurate treatment and sustainable development of rural sewage are realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an iron-carbon reinforced microbial fuel cell type wetland according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of a microbial fuel cell;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing water quality index before and after treatment of the iron-carbon reinforced microbial fuel cell type wetland for domestic gray water in example 2 of the present invention, wherein A1 represents the wetland of the present invention, and B1 represents the wetland of the control group;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing water quality index before and after treatment of the iron-carbon reinforced microbial fuel cell type wetland for domestic gray water in example 3 of the present invention, wherein A1 represents the wetland of the present invention, and B1 represents the wetland of the control group.
The meaning of the reference numerals in the figures is as follows:
10-wetland main body 11-water inlet 12-water outlet
20-packing layer 30-gravel layer 40-supporting layer
51-cathode layer 52-anode layer 521-iron carbon filler 53-stainless steel wire mesh 54-carbon felt 55-circuit
60-plant growing layer
70-clarifier 71-overflow water outlet
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is described in more detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-2, the iron-carbon reinforced microbial fuel cell type wetland comprises a downlink vertical subsurface flow wetland main body 10, a water inlet 11 and a bottom water outlet 12, wherein the water inlet 11 and the bottom water outlet 12 are arranged at the top of the wetland main body 10. The main body 10 of the downstream vertical subsurface flow wetland is provided with a packing layer 20, a gravel layer 30 and a supporting layer 40 from top to bottom in the vertical direction, a cathode layer 51 of a microbial fuel cell is arranged in the packing layer 20, an anode layer 52 of the microbial fuel cell is arranged between the gravel layer 30 and the supporting layer 40, and stainless steel wires 53 in the cathode layer 51 and the cathode layer 52 are connected with each other through a circuit 55 to realize electron transfer.
The packing layer 20 is formed by mixing quartz sand with the grain diameter of 0-2 mm, eggshells with the grain diameter of 2-4 mm and volcanic rock with the grain diameter of 2-4 mm according to the volume ratio of 2:1:1, and the total thickness is 25-35 cm; the above calcined eggshell is obtained by calcining at 900deg.C to convert calcium carbonate into calcium oxide. The gravel layer 30 consists of gravels with the particle size of 5-10 mm, and the total thickness is 40-60 cm; the supporting layer 40 is composed of gravel having a particle size of 10 to 15mm and a total thickness of 10 to 20cm.
The filler layer 20 is disposed at a position of 2/3 of the thickness near the top as a gas-liquid interface, the cathode layer 51 is disposed at the gas-liquid interface of the filler layer 20, and the lower bottom surface of the cathode layer 51 is bonded to the gas-liquid interface. The cathode layer 51 is a carbon felt 54 wrapped by a stainless steel wire net 53, the carbon felt 54 is a graphite carbon felt with the thickness of 10-15 mm, and the stainless steel wire net 53 is 12 in mesh.
In the invention, the gravel layer 30 is positioned below the liquid level, and the gravel surface filled in the gravel layer 30 is provided with a microbial film layer, wherein the thickness of the microbial film layer is 0.1-2 mm. Since iron carbon can increase the abundance of Proteus (at the level of the phylum of the microorganism), firmides (Firmides) and the like, and strengthen the enrichment of Clostridium anodum (Clostridia), beta-Proteus (Betateobacteria), gamma-Proteus (Actinobactylobacteria), the microbial film may be a collection comprising one or more microorganisms of the class Clostridia, beta-Proteus, gamma-Proteus. These microorganisms are responsible for the transfer of extracellular electrons and have electrochemical properties.
The organic matters in the domestic ash water can be degraded anaerobically under the anaerobic action of the microorganisms. The anode layer 52 is arranged below the gravel layer 30, the anode layer 52 is an iron-carbon filler 521, the total thickness is 5-10 cm, the iron-carbon filler 521 is composed of iron-carbon particles with the particle size of 3-6 mm, the mass ratio of iron to carbon in the iron-carbon particles is 4:5, and copper with the mass ratio of 5% is doped in the iron-carbon particles as a catalyst. The iron carbon filler 521 is internally provided with a layer of carbon felt 54 wrapped by a stainless steel wire net 53, the carbon felt 54 is graphite carbon felt with the thickness of 10-15 mm, and the stainless steel wire net 53 is 12 meshes.
Plants are also planted in the packing layer 20, and a plant planting layer 60 is formed above the packing layer 20, wherein the plants comprise large emergent aquatic wetland plants with long growth periods such as reed and typha, and cold-resistant wetland plants such as flower-leaf reed, evergreen iris, and lilac. The plant density is selected according to the size of the wetland, for example 15-25 plants/m 2 Etc.
When the wetland main body 10 is used for treating rural domestic grey water such as washroom washing water, bath water, wash basin water, miscellaneous drainage water, kitchen rinse water and the like, the domestic grey water firstly removes most suspended matters, then flows into the wetland main body 10 from the water inlet 11, flows from top to bottom, and is subjected to physical interception, chemical adsorption, biodegradation and the like through the packing layer 20, the gravel layer 30, the supporting layer 40 and the microbial fuel cell which are arranged in the wetland system, so that pollutants mainly containing organic matters are removed from the grey water, and the subsequent utilization can be performed.
The volcanic rock in the packing layer 20 has stronger adsorption efficiency on ammonia nitrogen in the domestic grey water, and the eggshells are rich in calcium and have stronger adsorption efficiency on total phosphorus in the domestic grey water. Through adding volcanic rock and eggshells into quartz sand serving as framework filler, the removal of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus in the domestic grey water is enhanced.
The cathode layer 51 is arranged at the gas-liquid interface of the filler layer 20 to ensure that the oxygen supply of the cathode layer 51 is well connected with a circuit, thereby facilitating the nitrification reaction of ammonia nitrogen, the aerobic reaction of organic matters and the like. An anode layer 52 is arranged below the gravel layer 30, the iron carbon filler 521 in the anode layer 52 can form a primary cell by utilizing the metal corrosion principle, the micro-electrolysis is carried out, and the nascent Fe with high chemical activity released by the iron carbon micro-electrolysis is utilized 2+ Can lead the organic matters to have chain breakage, ring opening and the like, and strengthen the removal of the organic matters in the domestic gray waterRemoving; in addition, fe is produced by anaerobic corrosion hydrogen evolution reaction of iron in iron carbon 2+ ，Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ In the anaerobic environment, the electron pair is mutually converted by the iron oxidizing bacteria and the iron reducing bacteria, so that the number, the abundance and the activity of the electrogenerating bacteria in the anode region can be increased, and the electrons generated by the organic matters in the anaerobic environment can be quickly transferred to Fe 3+ The degradation of organic matters in the domestic gray water is accelerated, and the efficiency of the system for treating the organic matters is further improved.
The water outlet 12 is arranged below the supporting layer 40, the water outlet 12 is connected with the clarification tank 70 for further improving the water quality of water treatment, and the top of the clarification tank 70 is provided with an overflow water outlet 71.
The main body 10 of the downward vertical subsurface flow wetland and the clarifier can be arranged below the ground, and the surface of the filler layer 20 is level with the ground. In a specific case, the water inlet 11 is provided with a water inlet pipe, the overflow water outlet 71 is provided with a water outlet pipe, the pipe is made of PVC material, the inner diameter of the water inlet pipe is 110mm, and the center of the water inlet pipe is 30cm lower than the ground; the inner diameter of the water outlet pipeline is 110mm, and the center of the water outlet pipeline is at least 35cm lower than the ground.
The iron-carbon reinforced microbial fuel cell type wetland provided by the invention can be selectively manufactured into prefabricated parts with or without plant planting layers. The wet main body 10 and the clarifier 70 are manufactured to have a desired size using stainless steel plates or PVC plates, and the packing layer 20, the gravel layer 30, the support layer 40, and the cathode layer 51 and the anode layer 52 of the microbial fuel cell are further provided.
Example 2
The rural grey water is treated, enters the iron-carbon reinforced microbial fuel cell type wetland through the water inlet 11, firstly enters the fine particle size filler layer 20, part of pollutants are intercepted by the filler layer 20, then enters the medium particle size gravel layer 30, the gravel layer 30 belongs to the framework filler layer of the wetland, most of the pollutants are degraded by microbial membranes on the gravel surface layer, enter the supporting layer 40 after being assembled, finally flow into the clarifying tank 70 through the water outlet 12, and are received and utilized through the overflow water outlet 71 after being clarified Chi Cheng.
The index range of the quality of the inflow water of the domestic gray water generated by a certain rural family is as follows: COD: 308+/-64 mg/L, LAS 12.7+/-3.9 mg/L, TN 24.0+/-6.7 mg/L, ammonia nitrogen: 16.0.+ -. 3.7mg/l, TP: 1.8+ -0.4 mg/l, SS: 135.+ -.47 mg/l, turbidity: 161.+ -. 37mg/l, pH: 7.3.+ -. 0.1.
As shown in fig. 3, the treatment by the iron-carbon reinforced microbial fuel cell type wetland, during the stable water outlet period, the water outlet index is as follows: COD: 85+ -16 mg/L, LAS: 4.8+ -1.2 mg/L, TN: 13.3+/-3.1 mg/L, ammonia nitrogen: 8.2+ -2.3 mg/L, TP: 1.5+ -0.2 mg/L, SS: 64+ -24 mg/L, turbidity: 15+ -4 NTU, average pH concentration value: 8.2+/-0.2.
Compared with the common microbial fuel cell wetland (the anode is only arranged as a carbon felt wrapped by a stainless steel wire mesh), the main organic matter indexes COD and LAS of the common microbial fuel cell wetland are respectively improved by about 10 percent and 21 percent. Can meet the irrigation standard of vegetables in the field irrigation water quality standard (GB 5084-2021), and under the same operation condition, the common microbial fuel cell wetland only meets the irrigation standard of field crops.
An electric energy monitoring system is arranged on the cathode layer 51 and the anode layer 52, and is connected with a load resistor in parallel through a metal wire to collect a voltage value/a current value. Under different anode conditions, the output voltage change curves of the microbial fuel cell and the common microbial fuel cell are shown in fig. 4, and the maximum stable output voltage is 0.79V and 0.55V respectively, which shows that the anode iron carbon of the iron carbon reinforced microbial fuel cell type constructed wetland can greatly improve the electricity generation performance of the microbial fuel cell constructed wetland, the iron carbon has a larger influence on the electricity generation performance of the microbial fuel cell constructed wetland, the iron carbon can accelerate the transfer rate of anode ions, reduce the ohmic loss of the anode and reduce the activation loss and the mass transfer loss, thereby enhancing the electricity generation performance of a microbial fuel cell system. Continuing the experiment, when the domestic gray water is continuously treated for about 160 days, the permeation rate of the common microbial fuel cell type constructed wetland is obviously reduced, the blocking phenomenon occurs, and the permeation rate of the iron-carbon reinforced microbial fuel cell type constructed wetland is not obviously changed and runs normally.
Example 3
Rural families with a certain representative nest-lake river basin are selected to develop research on treating rural gray water by using the iron-carbon reinforced microbial fuel cell type constructed wetland, and the research area is located in Dan Tangzhen horse-collecting community in Feidong county of the Hefei city. Firstly analyzing the water quantity and water quality characteristics of rural grey water after rural family source separation, and secondly evaluating the operation effect and electricity generation performance of the iron-carbon reinforced microbial fuel cell type constructed wetland for treating the rural grey water, thereby providing reference for further popularization and application of the process in the rural area.
Black water generated by rural families in the equine community is generally recycled to farmlands for recycling, the grey water quantity is small, and the daily grey water quantity per person is about 31.7-37.4L/cap. Because most rural families in the equine community are old people and the number of long-term households is generally less than 3, 3 adjacent families are selected, the number of the resident population is 4, the average daily grey water generation amount is 126.8-149.6L/cap.d, the living grey water is connected into a treatment facility, and the stabilization of wastewater is realized through a pretreatment device, so that gravity flow enters an iron-carbon reinforced microbial fuel cell type constructed wetland facility.
The quality index of the domestic grey water is as follows: COD: 323+/-75 mg/l, LAS 16.1+/-4.8 mg/l, TN 27.5+/-7.2 mg/l, ammonia nitrogen: 12.1.+ -. 4.1mg/l, TP: 2.1+ -0.6 mg/l, SS: 145.+ -. 52mg/l, turbidity: 177+ -41 mg/l, pH: 7.4.+ -. 0.3.
The treatment is carried out by the microbial fuel cell type wetland reinforced by iron and carbon, and during the stable water outlet period, the water outlet indexes are as follows: COD: 55.+ -. 12mg/L, LAS): 3.2+ -0.8 mg/L, TN: 9.7+/-2.3 mg/L, ammonia nitrogen: 6.7+ -1.6 mg/L, TP: 0.9+ -0.05 mg/L, SS: 45+/-17 mg/L, turbidity: 10.+ -.3 NTU, average pH concentration value: 7.8.+ -. 0.1. The treatment result meets the irrigation standard of vegetables in the field irrigation Water quality Standard (GB 5084-2021).
In the treatment process, the maximum stable output voltage of the iron-carbon reinforced microbial fuel cell type constructed wetland is 0.83V respectively. The permeation rate of the iron-carbon reinforced microbial fuel cell type constructed wetland is not obviously changed about 180 days in operation, and the operation is normal.
Compared with the common microbial fuel cell type constructed wetland facility, the rural domestic grey water iron-carbon reinforced microbial fuel cell type constructed wetland facility provided by the invention has the advantages that the domestic grey water removal efficiency taking organic matters as main pollutants is obviously improved, the productivity performance is obviously improved, and the blocking period is also obviously prolonged.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical scheme of the present invention, and are not limiting to the present invention; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an iron-carbon reinforced microbial fuel cell type wetland, includes down vertical undercurrent wetland main body (10) and water inlet (11) of setting at wetland main body (10) top, bottom delivery port (12), down vertical undercurrent wetland main body (10) are from top to bottom setting up packing layer (20), gravel layer (30) and supporting layer (40) respectively in vertical direction, characterized in that, inside being provided with microbial fuel cell's cathode layer (51) of packing layer (20), be provided with microbial fuel cell's anode layer (52) between gravel layer (30) and supporting layer (40); the anode layer (52) is an iron-carbon filler (521), and a layer of carbon felt (54) wrapped by a stainless steel wire mesh (53) is also arranged in the iron-carbon filler (521); the cathode layer (51) is a carbon felt (54) wrapped by a stainless steel wire mesh (53); the stainless steel wire mesh (53) of the cathode layer (51) and the stainless steel wire mesh (53) of the anode layer (52) are connected by a circuit (55) to realize electron transfer.
2. The iron-carbon reinforced microbial fuel cell type wetland according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the packing layer (20) is 25-35 cm, the position of the packing layer (20) close to the top 2/3 of the thickness is set to be a gas-liquid interface, the cathode layer (51) is arranged at the gas-liquid interface of the packing layer (20), the lower bottom surface of the cathode layer (51) is attached to the gas-liquid interface, and the thickness of the cathode layer (51) is 5-10 cm.
3. The iron-carbon reinforced microbial fuel cell type wetland according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the iron-carbon filler is iron-carbon particles with the particle size of 3-6 mm, the mass ratio of iron to carbon in the iron-carbon particles is 4:5, and copper with the mass ratio of 5% is doped in the iron-carbon particles; the carbon felt is graphite carbon felt with the thickness of 10-15 mm, and the mesh number of the stainless steel wires is 12.
4. The iron-carbon reinforced microbial fuel cell type wetland according to claim 2, wherein the filler layer (20) is formed by mixing quartz sand with the particle size of 0-2 mm, eggshells with the particle size of 2-4 mm and volcanic rock with the particle size of 2-4 mm according to the volume ratio of 2:1:1; the gravel layer (30) consists of gravels with the particle size of 5-10 mm, and the thickness of the gravel layer (30) is 40-60 cm; the supporting layer (40) consists of gravel with the particle size of 10-15 mm, and the thickness of the supporting layer (40) is 10-20 cm.
5. The iron-carbon-reinforced microbial fuel cell type wetland according to claim 4, wherein the gravel surface filled in the gravel layer (30) is provided with a microbial film layer, and the microbial film layer has a thickness of 0.1-2 mm and is formed by mixing one or more microorganisms in the class clostridia, the class β -amoxycillia and the class γ -amoxycillia.
6. An iron and carbon fortified microbial fuel cell type wetland according to claim 1 wherein plants are also planted in said filler layer (20), plants forming a plant-growing layer (60) above said filler layer (20), said plants comprising emergent and cold-tolerant wetland plants.
7. An iron and carbon reinforced microbial fuel cell type wetland according to claim 1, wherein said water outlet (12) is connected to a clarifier (70), and an overflow water outlet (71) is provided at the top of the clarifier (70).
8. An iron-carbon reinforced microbial fuel cell type wetland according to claim 1, wherein said downward vertical subsurface flow wetland body (10) is arranged below the ground, and the surface of the filler layer (20) is flush with the ground; the water inlet (11) is provided with a water inlet pipeline, the inner diameter of the water inlet pipeline is 110mm, and the center of the water inlet pipeline is 30cm lower than the ground; the overflow water outlet (71) is provided with a water outlet pipeline, the inner diameter of the water outlet pipeline is 110mm, and the center of the water outlet pipeline is at least 35cm lower than the ground.
9. Use of the iron-carbon-enhanced microbial fuel cell type wetland of claim 1 in rural domestic grey water treatment.
10. Use of the iron-carbon fortified microbial fuel cell type wetland of claim 1 in water treatment for farm irrigation.
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