CN116715195A - Hydrogen production reactor by reforming methanol aqueous solution and power generation system - Google Patents
Hydrogen production reactor by reforming methanol aqueous solution and power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN116715195A CN116715195A CN202310677813.3A CN202310677813A CN116715195A CN 116715195 A CN116715195 A CN 116715195A CN 202310677813 A CN202310677813 A CN 202310677813A CN 116715195 A CN116715195 A CN 116715195A
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- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 399
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 181
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 181
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 179
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 142
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 19
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007084 catalytic combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001833 catalytic reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000005056 cell body Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000019771 cognition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
- H01M8/0618—Reforming processes, e.g. autothermal, partial oxidation or steam reforming
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/323—Catalytic reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds other than hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
- C01B2203/0227—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step
- C01B2203/0233—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step the reforming step being a steam reforming step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/06—Integration with other chemical processes
- C01B2203/066—Integration with other chemical processes with fuel cells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
- C01B2203/0805—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0811—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas by combustion of fuel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1205—Composition of the feed
- C01B2203/1211—Organic compounds or organic mixtures used in the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1217—Alcohols
- C01B2203/1223—Methanol
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hydrogen production reactor by reforming aqueous methanol solution and a power generation system, and relates to the technical field of hydrogen production by methanol, wherein the reactor comprises: the device comprises a reforming hydrogen producer, a catalytic combustor, a first micro-flow micropore channel, a second micro-flow micropore channel, an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe; a catalytic combustor is embedded in the reforming hydrogen producer, a first microfluidic micropore channel is embedded in the catalytic combustor, and a second microfluidic micropore channel is embedded in the first microfluidic micropore channel; the second microfluidic microporous channel is used for introducing mixed combustion gas; the gap between the second microfluidic microporous channel and the first microfluidic microporous channel is used for placing a combustion catalyst; the gap between the first microfluidic micropore channel and the catalytic combustor is used for discharging combustion tail gas; a heat transfer layer is filled between the catalytic combustor and the reforming hydrogen producer. The reactor greatly improves the hydrogen production efficiency of the methanol aqueous solution through structural improvement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen production by methanol, in particular to a hydrogen production reactor by reforming aqueous methanol solution and a power generation system.
Background
Compared with the traditional lithium battery, the methanol fuel cell has the advantages of small environmental pollution, light weight, high energy storage density and the like, and can be used as the energy supply preference of mobile equipment.
At present, the technology of generating electricity by using methanol fuel gradually goes into the line of sight of people, but in the prior art, a small-sized generating system adopts an air pressure tank to store hydrogen prepared by methanol fuel, and the hydrogen is stored to be used for generating electricity of the system, so that once continuous power generation is needed, more hydrogen storage devices are needed to provide the hydrogen, and the operation and implementation are very inconvenient. Although some large power stations are provided with a methanol hydrogen production device independently in a power generation system, most hydrogen production devices have complicated structures, and have large weight and occupied area, so that the popularization and promotion of products are not facilitated.
In addition, in the conventional reactor for producing hydrogen from methanol, an aqueous methanol solution is generally introduced into the reactor, and the aqueous methanol solution and the catalyst are subjected to chemical reaction by heating the outside of the reactor to produce hydrogen. Because the traditional reactor has a simpler structure, the catalyst is easy to pulverize and sinter at high temperature, and meanwhile, the internal part is easy to be heated unevenly due to external heating, so that the internal chemical reaction is incomplete, and the hydrogen production efficiency is low.
Therefore, a reactor with a compact structure and high hydrogen production efficiency is needed in the market at present, and meanwhile, the reactor can be utilized to realize the control of the operation of a plurality of reactors by a master control unit, and the hydrogen produced on site is utilized to perform the power generation process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor and a power generation system, which improve the efficiency of producing hydrogen by using the methanol aqueous solution.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor comprising: the device comprises a reforming hydrogen producer, a catalytic combustor, a first micro-flow micropore channel, a second micro-flow micropore channel, an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe;
the catalytic burner is embedded in the reforming hydrogen producer, the first microfluidic micropore channel is embedded in the catalytic burner, and the second microfluidic micropore channel is embedded in the first microfluidic micropore channel; the reforming hydrogen producer, the catalytic combustor, the first microfluidic microporous channel and the second microfluidic microporous channel are all positioned on the same central axis;
a plurality of air inlets are uniformly formed in the second microfluidic microporous channel, and a plurality of air outlets are uniformly formed in the catalytic combustor; the air inlets are respectively connected with the air inlet pipe, and the air outlets are respectively connected with the air outlet pipe;
the second microfluidic microporous channel is used for introducing mixed combustion gas; the gap between the second microfluidic microporous channel and the first microfluidic microporous channel is used for placing a combustion catalyst; the gap between the first microfluidic micropore channel and the catalytic combustor is used for discharging combustion tail gas; a heat transfer layer is filled between the catalytic combustor and the reforming hydrogen producer;
in the working process, mixed combustion gas enters the second microfluidic micropore channel through the air inlet pipe, diffuses from the second microfluidic micropore channel to the first microfluidic micropore channel, and chemically reacts under the catalysis of the combustion catalyst; a large amount of hot fluid generated by the reaction diffuses from the catalytic combustor to the reforming hydrogen generator; introducing aqueous methanol solution into the reforming hydrogen producer; the aqueous methanol solution is subjected to chemical reaction under the catalysis of a large amount of hot fluid and the reforming hydrogen production catalyst to produce hydrogen.
Optionally, the reactor further comprises an inlet and an outlet;
the inflow port is connected with the top end of the reforming hydrogen producer and is used for introducing methanol aqueous solution;
and the outflow port is connected with the bottom end of the reforming hydrogen producer and is used for discharging hydrogen generated by the reaction.
Optionally, a first baffle plate is arranged at the top ends of the inflow port and the catalytic combustor; and a second baffle plate is arranged at the bottom ends of the outflow port and the catalytic combustor.
Optionally, the first partition plate and the second partition plate are used for sealing the catalytic combustor, so that the methanol aqueous solution directly enters the reforming hydrogen producer after being introduced into the inflow port.
Optionally, the wall of the catalytic combustor is of a porous structure or a wire mesh structure.
Optionally, the first microfluidic microporous channel and the second microfluidic microporous channel are porous structures, and the porous structures are used for guaranteeing the diffusivity of gas and the flowability of materials and improving the heat exchange efficiency.
According to a specific embodiment provided by the invention, the reactor discloses the following technical effects:
the invention provides a methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor, which comprises: the device comprises a reforming hydrogen producer, a catalytic combustor, a first micro-flow micropore channel, a second micro-flow micropore channel, an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe; a combustion catalyst is placed in a gap between the second microfluidic micropore channel and the first microfluidic micropore channel, so that the catalyst is not easy to sinter at high temperature and has complete reaction; the reforming hydrogen generator fully utilizes a large amount of hot fluid diffused from the catalytic burner to produce hydrogen. Therefore, the reactor is structurally arranged, so that the methanol aqueous solution is more completely reacted, and the hydrogen production efficiency is higher.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a power generation system based on a hydrogen production reactor by reforming an aqueous methanol solution, comprising: a fuel tank, a flow distribution valve, a general control unit, a fuel cell and the reactor for reforming the aqueous methanol solution to prepare hydrogen;
the fuel tank is connected with the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor and is used for providing mixed combustion gas and methanol aqueous solution for the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor;
the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor is connected with the fuel cell and is used for providing hydrogen for the fuel cell;
the flow distribution valve is respectively connected with the fuel tank and the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor and is used for controlling the flow of mixed combustion gas and methanol aqueous solution entering the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor;
the total control unit is respectively connected with the flow distribution valve and the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor and is used for controlling the conduction intensity of the flow distribution valve and the working state of the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor; the working state is that the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor works or does not work;
the fuel cell is used for converting the hydrogen provided by the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor into electric energy.
Optionally, the number of the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactors is single or multiple.
Optionally, the power generation system further includes a common rail distribution pipe, the common rail distribution pipe includes a single main pipe and a plurality of branch pipes, the main pipe is connected to the fuel tank, when the number of the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactors is plural, the plurality of branch pipes are respectively connected to the plurality of the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactors.
Optionally, the flow distribution valve comprises a combustion flow distribution valve and a reforming flow distribution valve, the combustion flow distribution valve is used for controlling the flow of mixed combustion gas entering the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor, and the reforming flow distribution valve is used for controlling the flow of the methanol aqueous solution entering the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the power generation system has the following technical effects:
the invention provides a power generation system based on a methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor, which comprises: a fuel tank, a flow distribution valve, a general control unit, a fuel cell and the reactor for reforming the aqueous methanol solution to prepare hydrogen; the fuel tank is connected with the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor, the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor is connected with the fuel cell, the flow distribution valve is respectively connected with the fuel tank and the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor, and the main control unit is respectively connected with the flow distribution valve and the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor; the operation of the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor is controlled by the master control unit, so that the fuel cell can convert hydrogen produced in the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor into electric energy, thereby realizing the power generation process.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen production reactor by reforming aqueous methanol solution according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a conventional fixed bed hydrogen production reactor;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a power generation system based on a methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a topology diagram of a power-adjustable power generation system based on a methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Symbol description:
the reforming hydrogen production device comprises a reforming hydrogen production device body 1, a catalytic combustor body 2, a first micro-flow micro-pore channel body 3, a second micro-flow micro-pore channel body 4, an air inlet pipe body 5, an air outlet pipe body 6, an inflow port body 7, an outflow port body 8, a first partition plate body 9, a second partition plate body 10, a fuel tank body 11, a fuel filling port body 111, an electromagnetic valve body 112, a pressure gauge body 113, a liquid level gauge body 114, a fuel emergency discharge valve body 115, a distribution valve body 12, a combustion distribution valve body 121, a reforming distribution valve body 122, a general control unit body 13 and a fuel cell body 14.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide a hydrogen production reactor by reforming a methanol aqueous solution and a power generation system, and the efficiency of producing hydrogen by using the methanol aqueous solution is improved by improving the integral structure of the hydrogen production reactor.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
Example 1
The embodiment discloses a hydrogen production reactor by reforming aqueous methanol solution, as shown in fig. 1, which specifically comprises: the device comprises a reforming hydrogen producer 1, a catalytic combustor 2, a first micro-flow micropore channel 3, a second micro-flow micropore channel 4, an air inlet pipe 5 and an air outlet pipe 6.
Specifically, a catalytic combustor 2 is embedded in the reforming hydrogen producer 1, a first microfluidic micropore channel 3 is embedded in the catalytic combustor 2, and a second microfluidic micropore channel 4 is embedded in the first microfluidic micropore channel 3; the reforming hydrogen producer 1, the catalytic combustor 2, the first microfluidic microporous channel 3 and the second microfluidic microporous channel 4 are all located on the same central axis. In fact, the reactor is equivalent to a reactor comprising an inner part and an outer part which are nested, and the inner catalytic burner 2 is mainly used for providing heat required by chemical reaction for the external reforming hydrogen producer 1, so that the self-heating function of the reactor can be provided.
As shown in FIG. 2, the conventional fixed bed reactor has a single internal structure, is only used for storing catalysts required by the reaction, and the corresponding stacking lamination is also increased due to the large stacking of the catalysts, while the reactor in the embodiment changes the single structure in the conventional reactor by arranging a plurality of nested flow micropore channel structures, and utilizes the arrangement of a plurality of flow micropore channels, a reforming hydrogen producer 1 and a catalytic combustor 2 to integrally form a micro-channel structure, and the catalytic combustor 2 adopts a thin structure due to the adoption of a catalyst bed layer, so that the flow pressure is reduced, the problem of overhigh local temperature is avoided, the temperature uniformity of the whole reactor can be enhanced, and the reaction efficiency of hydrogen production is improved.
Further, a plurality of air inlets are uniformly formed in the second microfluidic microporous channel 4, and a plurality of air outlets are uniformly formed in the catalytic combustor 2; the air inlets are respectively connected with the air inlet pipe 5, and the air outlets are respectively connected with the air outlet pipe 6. By arranging a plurality of air inlets, the mixed combustion gas introduced from the air inlet pipe 5 can be uniformly distributed at the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the second micro-flow micropore channel 4, so that the internal temperature difference of the catalytic combustor 2 is reduced, and the sufficient combustion of the gas in the catalytic combustor 2 can be ensured; and a plurality of air outlets are formed, so that a large amount of hot fluid generated by the reaction of the first micro-flow micropore channel 3 can flow fully, and the internal temperature difference of the catalytic combustor 2 is further reduced.
In addition, the second microfluidic microporous channel 4 is used for introducing mixed combustion gas; the gap between the second microfluidic microporous channel 4 and the first microfluidic microporous channel 3 is used for placing a combustion catalyst; the gap between the first micro-flow micropore channel 3 and the catalytic combustor 2 is a channel for discharging combustion tail gas, and the combustion tail gas is discharged from a plurality of air outlets through the channel; the gap between the catalytic combustor 2 and the reforming hydrogen generator 1 is filled with heat transfer material, and the wall of the catalytic combustor 2 is of a porous structure or a wire mesh structure, so that a reforming hydrogen generation catalyst and a carrier thereof can be placed on the wall of the catalytic combustor 2, and the carrier is mainly an alumina carrier or a cordierite honeycomb ceramic carrier; the first microfluidic microporous channel 3 and the second microfluidic microporous channel 4 are porous structures, and the porous structures are used for guaranteeing the diffusivity of gas and the flowability of materials. The combustion catalyst is placed in the gap between the second microfluidic microporous channel 4 and the first microfluidic microporous channel 3, so that the catalyst has an independent storage space, the stacking lamination caused by catalyst stacking is reduced, the contact area between the catalyst and the external environment is correspondingly increased, and reaction failure caused by excessive catalyst stacking is avoided. In addition, the first microfluidic micropore channel 3 and the second microfluidic micropore channel 4 are porous structures, and the porous structures can ensure the diffusion of mixed combustion gas and a large amount of hot fluid while playing a supporting role, and meanwhile, the contact reaction of the mixed combustion gas and the catalyst is realized, the porous structures can also ensure the fluxion of the catalyst, and the hardening of the catalyst due to long-time accumulation and placement is prevented. Meanwhile, a large amount of hot fluid generated by the reaction in the catalytic combustor 2 can easily enter the reforming hydrogen producer 1 through the heat transfer material, and heat is uniformly provided for the hydrogen production reaction in the reforming hydrogen producer 1.
The reactor also comprises an inlet 7 and an outlet 8. The inflow port 7 is connected with the top end of the reforming hydrogen producer 1 and is used for introducing methanol aqueous solution; the outflow port 8 is connected with the bottom end of the reforming hydrogen generator 1 and is used for discharging hydrogen generated by the reaction; the inlet 7 and the top end of the catalytic combustor 2 are provided with a first baffle 9; the outlet 8 and the bottom end of the catalytic combustor 2 are provided with a second partition board 10; the first partition board 9 and the second partition board 10 are used for closing the catalytic combustor 2, so that after the aqueous methanol solution is introduced into the inflow port 7, the aqueous methanol solution directly enters a space between the catalytic combustor 2 and the reforming hydrogen producer 1 to perform reforming hydrogen production reaction, and after the reaction is completed, the prepared hydrogen is directly discharged from the outflow port 8.
In the working process, mixed combustion gas enters the second micro-flow micro-pore channel 4 through the air inlet pipe 5, diffuses from the second micro-flow micro-pore channel 4 to the first micro-flow micro-pore channel 3, and chemically reacts under the catalysis of the combustion catalyst; a large amount of hot fluid generated by the reaction diffuses from the catalytic combustor 2 to the reforming hydrogen generator 1; introducing the aqueous methanol solution into a reforming hydrogen producer 1; the methanol aqueous solution is subjected to chemical reaction under the action of a large amount of hot fluid and a reforming hydrogen production catalyst and a carrier thereof to produce hydrogen. In the whole process, the temperature control can be performed by changing the ratio of the combustion catalyst and its carrier in the catalytic combustor 2 and the ratio of methanol, oxygen and nitrogen in the mixed combustion gas.
Example 2
The embodiment discloses a power generation system based on a methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor, as shown in fig. 3, specifically comprising: a fuel tank 11, a distribution valve 12, a general control unit 13, a fuel cell 14, and a reactor for reforming an aqueous methanol solution to produce hydrogen as disclosed in example 1.
Specifically, a fuel tank 11 connected to the hydrogen production reactor for reforming aqueous methanol solution, for supplying mixed combustion gas and aqueous methanol solution to the hydrogen production reactor for reforming aqueous methanol solution, wherein the fuel tank 11 is divided into a mixed combustion gas tank and an aqueous methanol solution tank; the hydrogen production reactor by reforming the aqueous methanol solution is connected with the fuel cell 14 and is used for providing hydrogen for the fuel cell 14, and the hydrogen produced by the reaction contains a large amount of carbon dioxide, so that the hydrogen can be introduced into the fuel cell after being purified and impurities are removed; the flow distribution valve 12 is respectively connected with the fuel tank 11 and the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor and is used for controlling the flow of the mixed combustion gas and the methanol aqueous solution entering the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor, wherein the flow distribution valve 12 comprises a combustion flow distribution valve 121 and a reforming flow distribution valve 122, the combustion flow distribution valve 121 is used for controlling the flow of the mixed combustion gas entering the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor in the mixed combustion gas tank, and the reforming flow distribution valve 122 is used for controlling the flow of the methanol aqueous solution entering the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor in the methanol aqueous solution tank; the main control unit 13 is respectively connected with the flow distribution valve 12 and the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor and is used for controlling the conduction intensity of the flow distribution valve 12 and the working state of the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor, wherein the working state of the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor is in two states of working or non-working; a fuel cell 14 for converting the hydrogen gas supplied from the aqueous methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor into electric energy.
Further, the fuel tank 11 is also provided with a fuel filler 111, a solenoid valve 112, a pressure gauge 113, a level gauge 114, and a fuel emergency discharge valve 115. The fuel filler 111 is for adding a required fuel to the fuel tank 11; a solenoid valve 112 connected to the fuel filler 111 for controlling a flow rate of the fuel; the pressure gauge 113 is used for monitoring the air pressure inside the fuel tank 11; the level gauge 114 is used to monitor the amount of fuel inside the fuel tank 11; the fuel emergency discharge valve 115 is used to discharge fuel in the fuel tank 11 in a dangerous situation.
In addition, the power generation system further includes a common rail distribution pipe including a single main pipe and a plurality of branch pipes, the main pipe being connected to the fuel tank 11, when the number of the aqueous methanol solution reforming hydrogen production reactors is plural, the plurality of branch pipes can be utilized to connect the plurality of aqueous methanol solution reforming hydrogen production reactors, respectively, and the plurality of branch pipes provide mixed combustion gas to the plurality of aqueous methanol solution reforming hydrogen production reactors, respectively.
Example 3
The embodiment discloses a practical application of a hydrogen production reactor by reforming methanol aqueous solution and a power generation system, as shown in fig. 4, the specific implementation process is as follows:
first, the fuel tank 11 and the plurality of methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactors are connected by the common rail distribution pipe, and the power generation system needs to control the plurality of methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactors to complete the power generation process through the master control unit 13.
The master control unit 13 controls the flow of the mixed combustion gas entering the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor by controlling the combustion flow distribution valve 121, and in the catalytic combustor 2 of the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor, the catalytic combustion reaction of the mixed combustion gas mainly occurs, so as to ensure the working temperature in the reforming hydrogen production reactor 1 provided for the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor, and the combustion process is as follows:
CH 3 OH+1.5O 2 (g)＝2H 2 O(g)+CO 2 (g)。
in the reforming hydrogen generator 1 of the reforming hydrogen generator of the aqueous methanol solution, the general control unit 13 controls the flow of the aqueous methanol solution entering the reforming hydrogen generator of the aqueous methanol solution by controlling the reforming flow distribution valve 122, and the aqueous methanol solution entering through the inlet 7 is heated by the heat conducted by the catalytic burner, so that the catalytic reforming reaction occurs to generate hydrogen, and the reforming process is as follows:
CH 3 OH+H 2 O＝CO 2 +3H 2 。
the hydrogen generated by the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor is introduced into the fuel cell to form a fuel cell power generation system, and in order to improve the actual power demand, a plurality of methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactors are added and flexibly arranged, and a total control unit comprehensively controls the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactors to form the power-adjustable fuel cell power generation system. The total control unit reasonably regulates and controls the flow of the methanol aqueous solution through feedback information of flow, hydrogen volume fraction ratio and temperature change, thereby controlling the reaction rate of the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor and achieving the aim of controlling the stability of catalytic hydrogen production.
The working mode of 'on-site hydrogen production and instant use' provides a solution for the miniaturization development of fuel cells, the 'on-site hydrogen production and instant use' is to store hydrogen energy in a liquid form by using methanol, and hydrogen is prepared by using a methanol reforming chemical reaction when electric energy is needed, and the hydrogen energy is converted into electric energy through the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cells. Methanol is used as the optimal hydrogen energy carrier for human cognition at present, and the methanol fuel cell which does not depend on a high-pressure low-temperature delivery and distribution system, a filling system and a complex hydrogen storage system is widely applied to the market.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to assist in understanding the methods of the present invention and the core ideas thereof; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A reactor for reforming aqueous methanol to produce hydrogen, comprising: the device comprises a reforming hydrogen producer, a catalytic combustor, a first micro-flow micropore channel, a second micro-flow micropore channel, an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe;
the catalytic burner is embedded in the reforming hydrogen producer, the first microfluidic micropore channel is embedded in the catalytic burner, and the second microfluidic micropore channel is embedded in the first microfluidic micropore channel; the reforming hydrogen producer, the catalytic combustor, the first microfluidic microporous channel and the second microfluidic microporous channel are all positioned on the same central axis;
a plurality of air inlets are uniformly formed in the second microfluidic microporous channel, and a plurality of air outlets are uniformly formed in the catalytic combustor; the air inlets are respectively connected with the air inlet pipe, and the air outlets are respectively connected with the air outlet pipe;
the second microfluidic microporous channel is used for introducing mixed combustion gas; the gap between the second microfluidic microporous channel and the first microfluidic microporous channel is used for placing a combustion catalyst; the gap between the first microfluidic micropore channel and the catalytic combustor is used for discharging combustion tail gas; a heat transfer layer is filled between the catalytic combustor and the reforming hydrogen producer;
in the working process, mixed combustion gas enters the second microfluidic micropore channel through the air inlet pipe, diffuses from the second microfluidic micropore channel to the first microfluidic micropore channel, and chemically reacts under the catalysis of the combustion catalyst; a large amount of hot fluid generated by the reaction diffuses from the catalytic combustor to the reforming hydrogen generator; introducing aqueous methanol solution into the reforming hydrogen producer; the methanol aqueous solution is subjected to chemical reaction under the catalysis of a large amount of hot fluid and the reforming hydrogen production catalyst to prepare hydrogen.
2. A reactor for reforming aqueous methanol to produce hydrogen as defined in claim 1, further comprising an inlet and an outlet;
the inflow port is connected with the top end of the reforming hydrogen producer and is used for introducing methanol aqueous solution;
and the outflow port is connected with the bottom end of the reforming hydrogen producer and is used for discharging hydrogen generated by the reaction.
3. A reactor for reforming aqueous methanol to produce hydrogen as defined in claim 2, wherein a first baffle is provided at the top end of the inlet and the catalytic burner; and a second baffle plate is arranged at the bottom ends of the outflow port and the catalytic combustor.
4. A methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor as in claim 3 wherein said first and second baffles are used to enclose said catalytic burner such that said methanol aqueous solution is directed into said reforming hydrogen production reactor after being introduced into said inlet port.
5. The reactor for reforming aqueous methanol to produce hydrogen as defined in claim 1, wherein the walls of the catalytic burner are porous or wire mesh.
6. The reactor for reforming aqueous methanol to produce hydrogen as defined in claim 1, wherein the first microfluidic microporous channel and the second microfluidic microporous channel are porous structures, and the porous structures are used for ensuring gas diffusivity and material fluidity and improving heat exchange efficiency.
7. A power generation system based on a methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor, comprising: a fuel tank, a flow distribution valve, a general control unit, a fuel cell and a reactor for reforming a methanol aqueous solution to produce hydrogen according to any one of claims 1 to 6;
the fuel tank is connected with the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor and is used for providing mixed combustion gas and methanol aqueous solution for the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor;
the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor is connected with the fuel cell and is used for providing hydrogen for the fuel cell;
the flow distribution valve is respectively connected with the fuel tank and the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor and is used for controlling the flow of mixed combustion gas and methanol aqueous solution entering the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor;
the total control unit is respectively connected with the flow distribution valve and the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor and is used for controlling the conduction intensity of the flow distribution valve and the working state of the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor; the working state is that the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor works or does not work;
the fuel cell is used for converting the hydrogen provided by the methanol aqueous solution reforming hydrogen production reactor into electric energy.
8. The power generation system based on aqueous methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor as in claim 7 wherein the number of aqueous methanol reforming hydrogen production reactors is single or multiple.
9. The power generation system based on an aqueous methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor as defined in claim 8, further comprising a common rail distribution pipe including a single main pipe and a plurality of branch pipes, the main pipe being connected to the fuel tank, the plurality of branch pipes being connected to the plurality of reactors, respectively, when the number of aqueous methanol reforming hydrogen production reactors is plural.
10. The power generation system based on an aqueous methanol reforming hydrogen reactor of claim 7 wherein the flow distribution valve comprises a combustion flow distribution valve for controlling the flow of mixed combustion gases into the aqueous methanol reforming hydrogen reactor and a reforming flow distribution valve for controlling the flow of aqueous methanol into the aqueous methanol reforming hydrogen reactor.
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