CN219892210U - Fuel cell stack - Google Patents
Fuel cell stack Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN219892210U CN219892210U CN202321158692.3U CN202321158692U CN219892210U CN 219892210 U CN219892210 U CN 219892210U CN 202321158692 U CN202321158692 U CN 202321158692U CN 219892210 U CN219892210 U CN 219892210U
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- reforming reaction
- fuel cell
- cell stack
- fuel
- pipeline
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 238000006057 reforming reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007809 chemical reaction catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000270295 Serpentes Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010416 ion conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021332 silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicide(4-) Chemical compound [Si-4] FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a fuel cell stack, which comprises at least one fuel cell unit, wherein the fuel cell unit comprises an electrolyte layer, and a cathode and an anode which are arranged on two sides of the electrolyte layer; the fuel cell unit further comprises a fuel channel for supplying fuel to the anode, wherein a reforming reaction pipeline is arranged in the fuel channel and is suitable for absorbing heat generated by the fuel channel so as to carry out reforming reaction on raw material gas introduced into the reforming reaction pipeline. The reforming reaction can be utilized to absorb heat and cool the fuel channel, and the output reformed gas can be fully utilized, so that the utilization rate of energy sources is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a fuel cell stack, and belongs to the technical field of fuel cell stacks.
Background
Currently, a fuel cell unit is a power generation device that directly converts chemical energy present in fuel and oxidant into electrical energy. The fuel cell is generally composed of an electrolyte plate forming an ion conductor, a fuel electrode (anode) and an air electrode (cathode) disposed on both sides thereof, and both-side gas flow paths, and the gas flow paths function to allow fuel gas and air (oxidant gas) to pass through the flow paths. The chinese patent with the publication number CN104009244B discloses a fuel cell and a process for preparing the cell, in which a cooling medium channel is disposed in a fuel channel of the fuel cell to cool the fuel channel, which results in waste of energy and is not capable of effectively improving the electric energy conversion rate of the fuel cell.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a fuel cell stack which can absorb heat and cool a fuel channel by utilizing reforming reaction, fully utilize output reformed gas and improve the utilization rate of energy.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the utility model is as follows: a fuel cell stack comprises at least one fuel cell unit, wherein the fuel cell unit comprises an electrolyte layer, and a cathode and an anode which are arranged on two sides of the electrolyte layer;
the fuel cell unit further comprises a fuel channel for supplying fuel to the anode, wherein a reforming reaction pipeline is arranged in the fuel channel and is suitable for absorbing heat generated by the fuel channel so as to carry out reforming reaction on raw material gas introduced into the reforming reaction pipeline.
Further, the fuel cell stack further includes a supply line that supplies a feed gas to the reforming reaction line.
Further, the gas supply line includes a centralized inlet pipe, and an inlet of at least a portion of the reforming reaction line is in communication with the centralized inlet pipe.
Further, there is provided a concrete structure of an air supply line including:
a water vapor supply line;
a raw gas supply line;
the inlet of the mixer is respectively communicated with the water vapor supply pipeline and the crude gas supply pipeline, and the mixer is suitable for mixing the water vapor supplied by the water vapor supply pipeline and the crude gas supplied by the crude gas supply pipeline;
the mixed gas output by the mixer is suitable for being pressurized and/or heated and then is introduced into the reforming reaction pipeline.
Further, a water pressurizing device for pressurizing water and/or a water heating device for heating water are arranged in the water vapor supply pipeline.
Further, a crude gas pressurizing device for pressurizing the crude gas and/or a crude gas heating device for heating the crude gas are arranged in the crude gas supply pipeline.
Further, the end of the reforming reaction line remote from the inlet thereof is provided with an outlet hole communicating with the corresponding fuel passage.
Further, the fuel cell stack further comprises a centralizing pipe, and an outlet of at least part of the reforming reaction pipeline is communicated with the centralizing pipe.
Further, at least two adjacent reforming reaction pipelines are in a group;
in a group of reforming reaction pipelines, the reforming reaction pipelines are communicated in a snake shape in turn, and the inlet of the first reforming reaction pipeline is communicated with the centralized inlet pipe.
Further, the fuel cell stack further includes a centralized exit pipe, and in a group of reforming reaction pipes, an outlet of the last reforming reaction pipe is communicated with the centralized exit pipe.
Further, in order to fully utilize the reformed reaction gas outputted from the reforming reaction, the fuel cell stack further includes a fuel supply line connected to each of the fuel passages, and an outlet of the concentration pipe is connected to the fuel supply line.
Further, in order to fully utilize the reformed reaction gas outputted from the reforming reaction, the reformed reaction gas outputted from the reforming reaction line is adapted to be directly or indirectly introduced into the fuel passage.
Further, in order to fully absorb heat and cool the fuel channel, the outer wall of the reforming reaction pipeline is provided with a heat absorption fin structure.
Further, a carrier for carrying a reforming catalyst is arranged in the reforming reaction pipeline.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the reforming reaction pipeline is arranged in the fuel channel, the raw material gas can be introduced into the reforming reaction pipeline, the raw material gas absorbs heat generated by the fuel channel when the fuel cell unit generates electricity to carry out reforming reaction, the temperature of the fuel channel is reduced, and the reforming reaction gas output by the reforming reaction can be directly or indirectly introduced into the fuel channel to supplement fuel, so that the utilization rate of energy sources is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first structure of a fuel cell stack of the present utility model;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a second structure of the fuel cell stack of the present utility model;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a third structure of the fuel cell stack of the present utility model;
fig. 4 is a simplified schematic structure of a fuel cell unit of the present utility model;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a reforming reaction line according to the present utility model.
Detailed Description
In order that the utility model may be more readily understood, a more particular description of the utility model will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments that are illustrated in the appended drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, 4 and 5, a fuel cell stack comprises at least one fuel cell unit, wherein the fuel cell unit comprises an electrolyte layer 1, and a cathode 2 and an anode 3 which are arranged on two sides of the electrolyte layer 1;
the fuel cell unit further comprises a fuel channel 4 for supplying fuel to the anode 3, wherein a reforming reaction pipeline 5 is arranged in the fuel channel 4, and the reforming reaction pipeline 5 is suitable for absorbing heat generated by the fuel channel 4 so as to enable the raw material gas introduced into the reforming reaction pipeline 5 to carry out reforming reaction.
In this embodiment, the fuel cell unit further includes an oxidant channel 8 for supplying an oxidant to the cathode 2, and the general structure of the fuel cell unit formed by the electrolyte layer 1, the cathode, the anode 3, the oxidant channel and the fuel channel is the prior art, and specifically, reference may be made to the structure of a fuel cell unit disclosed in the chinese patent publication No. CN104009244B and the manufacturing process of the fuel cell unit thereof, which is not described in detail in this embodiment. The principle of power generation by the fuel cell unit is well known in the art, and the description thereof is omitted in this embodiment.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the fuel cell stack further includes a supply line that supplies a raw material gas to the reforming reaction line 5.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the gas supply line may include a centralized gas inlet pipe 61, and the inlet of the reforming reaction line 5 communicates with the centralized gas inlet pipe 61.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the air supply pipeline may specifically have the following structure: comprising the following steps:
a water vapor supply line;
a raw gas supply line;
the mixer 62, the import of the mixer 62 communicates with vapor supply line and crude gas supply line respectively, and the mixer 62 is suitable for mixing vapor that vapor supply line supplied and crude gas that crude gas supply line supplied.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the mixed gas output by the mixer 62 is suitable for being pressurized and/or heated and then is introduced into the reforming reaction pipeline 5, in this embodiment, the mixed gas output by the mixer 62 may be heated alone without being pressurized, and of course, the pressurization may also be realized by the hybrid pressurizing device 70, specifically, a compressor; heating may be achieved by means of a mixture heater 65, in particular a heat exchanger.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a water pressurizing device 63 that pressurizes water and a water heating device 64 that heats the pressurized water are provided in the water vapor supply line; wherein the water pressurizing means 63 may be a pressurizing pump and the water heating means 64 may be a heat exchanger.
In the present embodiment, a raw gas pressurizing device 80 that pressurizes raw gas and a raw gas heating device 66 that heats the pressurized raw gas are provided in the raw gas supply line; wherein the raw gas heating means 66 may be a heat exchanger.
In the present embodiment, in order to make full use of the reforming reaction gas, the reforming reaction gas output from the reforming reaction line 5 is adapted to directly or indirectly pass into the fuel passage 4.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the outlet of the reforming reaction line 5 communicates with a concentrated outlet pipe 67. The fuel cell stack further includes a fuel supply line connected to each fuel passage 4, and the outlet of the concentration pipe 67 may be connected to the fuel supply line.
In this embodiment, water is pressurized by the water pressurizing device 63 and then heated by the water adding device 64 to form water vapor, meanwhile, after being pressurized by the crude gas pressurizing device 80, crude gas is heated by the crude gas heating device 66 and then enters the mixer 62, the water vapor supplied by the water vapor supply pipeline and the crude gas supplied by the crude gas supply pipeline are mixed by the mixer 62 to form mixed gas, the mixed gas is heated by the mixed gas heater 65 to become heated mixed gas (namely raw gas with the temperature range of 200-500 ℃) and enters the centralized inlet pipe 61, the centralized inlet pipe 61 distributes the raw gas to each reforming reaction pipeline 5, the heat generated by the fuel channel 4 during the power generation of the fuel cell monomers is absorbed in the reforming reaction pipeline 5 to cool the fuel channel 4, the temperature of the fuel channel 4 is controlled, the purpose of controlling the temperature of the fuel cell stack is achieved, and the reformed reaction gas output after being reformed enters the centralized outlet pipe 67, wherein part of the reformed reaction gas can directly enter the fuel supply pipeline to participate in the power generation of the fuel cell monomers.
In this embodiment, the specific connection manner of the air supply line is as follows:
an outlet of the water storage tank 68 or an external water supply line is connected to the water pressurizing means 63 and the water heating means 64 in this order and then to an inlet of the mixer 62;
the outlet of the raw gas storage tank 69 or the external raw gas pipeline is connected with the raw gas pressurizing device 80 and the raw gas heating device 66 in sequence and then connected with the other inlet of the mixer 62, and the outlet of the mixer 62 is connected with the pressurizing device 70 and/or the mixed gas heater 65 in sequence and then connected with the centralized inlet pipe 61.
In order that the reforming reaction pipeline 5 can fully absorb heat in the fuel channel, as shown in fig. 5, the outer wall of the reforming reaction pipeline 5 is provided with a heat absorbing fin structure, and the heat absorbing fin structure may include a plurality of fins, which may extend in the radial direction of the reforming reaction pipeline and be arranged in the circumferential direction, and the fins may be arranged in a flat plate shape or a spiral shape in the axial direction of the reforming reaction pipeline 5.
Of course, a carrier for carrying the reforming catalyst may be further disposed in the reforming reaction line 5. The reforming reaction catalyst can catalyze the reforming reaction in the reforming reaction pipeline 5 to accelerate the rate of the reforming reaction; specifically, the reforming reaction catalyst may be disposed on the inner wall of the reforming reaction pipeline 5, and the reforming reaction catalyst is in the prior art, and the type of the reforming reaction catalyst is not described in detail in this embodiment.
In this embodiment, the reforming reaction tube may be made of oxygen ceramic, metal alloy, alloy and carbide, boride, silicide, composite material thereof and metal, etc.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the concentrated inlet pipe 61 and the concentrated outlet pipe 67 may be located on both sides of the fuel cell unit, respectively.
In this embodiment, the raw gas may be desulfurized and dedusted raw gas, which may specifically be biogas, liquefied natural gas, biomass gasification, or may be gasoline gas, diesel gas, ammonia gas, methanol gasification gas, ethanol gasification gas, raw gas, or the like.
Example two
As shown in fig. 2, this embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment except that: the concentrated pipe 67 is not provided, and a plurality of outlet holes 51 communicating with the corresponding fuel passages 4 are provided at the end of the reforming reaction pipe 5 remote from the inlet thereof, and the reformed reaction gas generated after reforming is directly output to the fuel passages 4 through the outlet holes 51. Specifically, the end of the reforming reaction tube 5 remote from the inlet thereof is a blind end, and the outer wall of the end is provided with a plurality of outlet holes 51.
Example III
The structure of this embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment except that: as shown in fig. 3, the concentrated inlet pipe 61 and the concentrated outlet pipe 67 are located on the same side of the fuel cell unit.
The two adjacent reforming reaction pipelines 5 are in a group;
in the group of reforming reaction pipelines 5, the tail end of the first reforming reaction pipeline 5 is communicated with the same side end of the second reforming reaction pipeline 5, the inlet of the first reforming reaction pipeline is communicated with the centralized inlet pipe, and the outlet (namely the other end) of the second reforming reaction pipeline 5 is communicated with the centralized outlet pipe 67.
The technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects solved by the present utility model have been further described in detail in the above-described embodiments, and it should be understood that the above-described embodiments are only illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present utility model should be included in the scope of protection of the present utility model.
Claims (15)
1. A fuel cell stack, characterized by comprising at least one fuel cell unit, wherein the fuel cell unit comprises an electrolyte layer (1), and a cathode (2) and an anode (3) which are arranged on two sides of the electrolyte layer (1);
the fuel cell unit further comprises a fuel channel (4) for supplying fuel to the anode (3), a reforming reaction pipeline (5) is arranged in the fuel channel (4), and the reforming reaction pipeline (5) is suitable for absorbing heat generated by the fuel channel (4) so as to enable raw material gas introduced into the reforming reaction pipeline (5) to carry out reforming reaction.
2. The fuel cell stack according to claim 1, wherein,
and a gas supply line for supplying a raw gas to the reforming reaction line (5).
3. The fuel cell stack according to claim 2 wherein,
the gas supply pipeline comprises a centralized inlet pipe (61), and at least part of inlets of the reforming reaction pipeline (5) are communicated with the centralized inlet pipe (61).
4. The fuel cell stack according to claim 2 wherein,
the air supply line includes:
a water vapor supply line;
a raw gas supply line;
-a mixer (62), the inlet of the mixer (62) being in communication with the water vapour supply line and the raw gas supply line, respectively, the mixer (62) being adapted to mix water vapour supplied by the water vapour supply line with raw gas supplied by the raw gas supply line.
5. The fuel cell stack according to claim 4 wherein,
the mixed gas output by the mixer (62) is suitable for being pressurized and/or heated and then is introduced into the reforming reaction pipeline (5).
6. The fuel cell stack according to claim 4 wherein,
the water vapor supply pipeline is provided with a water pressurizing device (63) for pressurizing water and/or a water heating device (64) for heating water.
7. The fuel cell stack according to claim 4 wherein,
the raw gas supply pipeline is internally provided with a raw gas pressurizing device for pressurizing the raw gas and/or a raw gas heating device (66) for heating the raw gas.
8. The fuel cell stack according to claim 3 wherein,
the end of the reforming reaction pipeline (5) far away from the inlet is provided with an outlet hole (51) communicated with the corresponding fuel channel (4).
9. The fuel cell stack according to claim 3 wherein,
the device also comprises a centralizing pipe (67), and at least part of outlets of the reforming reaction pipelines (5) are communicated with the centralizing pipe (67).
10. The fuel cell stack according to claim 3 wherein,
at least two adjacent reforming reaction pipelines (5) are in a group;
in a group of reforming reaction pipelines (5), the reforming reaction pipelines (5) are sequentially communicated in a serpentine shape, and the inlet of the first reforming reaction pipeline (5) is communicated with a centralized inlet pipe.
11. The fuel cell stack according to claim 10 wherein,
the device also comprises a centralizing pipe (67), and the outlet of the last reforming reaction pipeline (5) in the group of reforming reaction pipelines (5) is communicated with the centralizing pipe (67).
12. The fuel cell stack according to claim 9 or 11, wherein,
the fuel cell stack further includes a fuel supply line connected to each of the fuel passages (4), and an outlet of the concentration pipe (67) is connected to the fuel supply line.
13. The fuel cell stack according to claim 2 wherein,
the reforming reaction gas output from the reforming reaction pipeline (5) is suitable for being directly or indirectly introduced into the fuel channel (4).
14. The fuel cell stack according to claim 1, wherein,
and the outer wall of the reforming reaction pipeline (5) is provided with a heat absorption fin structure.
15. The fuel cell stack according to claim 1, wherein,
the reforming reaction pipeline (5) is internally provided with a carrier for carrying a reforming reaction catalyst.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321158692.3U CN219892210U (en) | 2023-05-12 | 2023-05-12 | Fuel cell stack |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321158692.3U CN219892210U (en) | 2023-05-12 | 2023-05-12 | Fuel cell stack |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN219892210U true CN219892210U (en) | 2023-10-24 |
Family
ID=88409140
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321158692.3U Active CN219892210U (en) | 2023-05-12 | 2023-05-12 | Fuel cell stack |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN219892210U (en) |
-
2023
- 2023-05-12 CN CN202321158692.3U patent/CN219892210U/en active Active
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