CN116706854A - Circuit breaker with bidirectional breaking limiting short-circuit current - Google Patents
Circuit breaker with bidirectional breaking limiting short-circuit current Download PDFInfo
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- CN116706854A CN116706854A CN202310829980.5A CN202310829980A CN116706854A CN 116706854 A CN116706854 A CN 116706854A CN 202310829980 A CN202310829980 A CN 202310829980A CN 116706854 A CN116706854 A CN 116706854A
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- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
- H02H7/268—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured for dc systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/02—Details
- H02H3/025—Disconnection after limiting, e.g. when limiting is not sufficient or for facilitating disconnection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
- H02H3/087—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current for dc applications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/22—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for distribution gear, e.g. bus-bar systems; for switching devices
- H02H7/222—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for distribution gear, e.g. bus-bar systems; for switching devices for switches
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/02—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess current
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
Abstract
A circuit breaker with bidirectional breaking limiting short-circuit current comprises a main current branch, a current limiting module and a breaking module. The current limiting module and the breaking module are connected in series, and the main current branch is connected with the current limiting module and the breaking module in parallel. The high-speed mechanical switch and the superconducting current limiter are connected in series to form a main current branch, the high-speed mechanical switch and the superconducting current limiter are respectively and directly connected with the outgoing line ends A1 and A2 of the circuit breaker, the capacitor C1 and the Fuse are connected in parallel to form a current limiting module, in the switching module, two anti-parallel semi-control type power semiconductor devices form a power electronic branch, a transfer capacitor C2 with a certain pre-charging voltage, an oscillation inductor L, a semi-control type power semiconductor device Tr and four diodes form a surge current module together, the capacitor C2 and the resistor R are connected in series to form a buffer branch, and the MOV device forms an energy consumption branch. The hybrid dc circuit breaker has the capability of bi-directionally conducting and limiting short-circuit current.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of circuit breakers, in particular to a circuit breaker with bidirectional breaking limiting short-circuit current.
Background
The hybrid direct current circuit breaker has the advantages of strong current capacity, high turn-off speed, small on-state loss and the like, and is a research hot spot in the industry in recent years. With further development of the dc power supply system, the new dc power supply system has put higher demands on power supply reliability. The dc system is required to limit the short-circuit current when a short-circuit fault occurs, which puts demands on the dc circuit breaker to be able to limit the short-circuit current and to open and close the bi-directional short-circuit current. Unlike conventional dc circuit breakers, which operate in such dc systems, the power supply system in which the dc circuit breaker operates only needs to directly turn off the short-circuit current. In the hybrid direct current circuit breaker of the present stage, the artificial zero crossing point is manufactured by manufacturing oscillating current opposite to the short circuit current, so that the purpose of direct current segmentation is realized. In this application background, a dc circuit breaker applied to a high-reliability dc power supply system must have an ability to limit a short-circuit current in the case where a short-circuit large current occurs in the dc power supply system, thereby improving the breaking ability of the circuit breaker.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a circuit breaker with bidirectional breaking and short-circuit current limiting functions, which has the capabilities of bidirectional conduction and short-circuit current limiting and can be applied to a bidirectional through-current direct-current power supply system.
Specifically, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the circuit breaker with the bidirectional breaking limiting short-circuit current comprises a main current branch, a current limiting module and a breaking module, wherein two ends of the main current branch are respectively and directly connected with an outgoing line end A1 and an outgoing line end A2, the current limiting module is connected with the main current branch in parallel after being connected with the breaking module in series, a plurality of high-speed mechanical switches are connected with a superconducting current limiter in series to form the main current branch, a capacitor C1 is connected with a Fuse in parallel to form the current limiting module, wherein the Fuse does not act when the rated current of the circuit breaker is turned off, and acts when the circuit breaker is turned off the short-circuit current; the said breaking module comprises a plurality of modules,
a power electronic branch comprising an antiparallel power semiconductor device IGCT1 and a power semiconductor device IGCT2;
an inrush current module connected in parallel with the power electronic branch, the inrush current module including,
four diodes D1, D2, D3, D4, the bridge structure of which is connected to adapt to the two-way opening of the breaker;
a transfer capacitor C2 having a predetermined precharge voltage, one end of which is connected between the diode D1 and the diode D2;
an oscillating inductor L connected to the other end of the transfer capacitor C2;
the semiconductor control type power semiconductor device Tr has one end connected with the oscillation inductance L and the other end connected between the diode D3 and the diode D4, and the transfer capacitance C2 and the oscillation inductance L oscillate after the semiconductor control type power semiconductor device Tr is conducted, so that the current in the power electronic branch circuit is reduced to the turn-off range of the power semiconductor device IGCT1 or the power semiconductor device IGCT2 in the oscillation negative half period;
a buffer branch connected in parallel with the power electronic branch, wherein the buffer branch comprises a capacitor C3 and a resistor R which are connected in series;
and the energy consumption branch is connected with the power electronic branch in parallel, and comprises an MOV device.
In the circuit breaker with bidirectional breaking limiting short-circuit current, in a bridge structure, cathodes of the diodes VD1 and VD2 are connected, anodes of the diodes VD3 and VD4 are connected, a cathode of the diode VD3 is connected with an anode of the diode VD1, and a cathode of the diode VD4 is connected with an anode of the diode VD 2.
In the circuit breaker with bidirectional breaking limiting short-circuit current, the power semiconductor device IGCT1 and the power semiconductor device IGCT2 are both unidirectional-conduction power semiconductor devices.
In the circuit breaker with bidirectional breaking limiting short-circuit current, under the normal through state of the system, the system current flows through the main current branch, when a breaking instruction is received, a high-speed mechanical switch breaks the gate, the power semiconductor device IGCT1 or the power semiconductor device IGCT2 of the breaking module is conducted, the current is transferred to a buffer branch in the breaking module to charge the capacitor C3, and after the voltage of the buffer branch reaches the conducting voltage of the MOV device, the current is transferred to an energy consumption branch to realize breaking;
when a short circuit fault occurs, the control system sends a switching-off instruction, the high-speed mechanical switch is switched off, the power semiconductor device IGCT1 or the power semiconductor device IGCT2 of the switching-off module is switched on, current is transferred to a buffer branch in the switching-off module, a Fuse in the current limiting module acts, short circuit current continuously charges a capacitor C1 in the current limiting module, so that current is reduced, the semi-controlled power semiconductor device Tr is conducted, the pre-charged capacitor C2 discharges through the semi-controlled power semiconductor device Tr, oscillating current is superposed on the original short circuit current, and when the current in the power electronic branch is reduced to be within the turn-off range of the power semiconductor device IGCT1 or the power semiconductor device IGCT2, the power semiconductor device IGCT1 or the power semiconductor device IGCT2 acts to turn-off the current, so that the current is transferred to the buffer branch, and after the capacitor C3 is charged to the turn-on voltage of the MOV device, the short circuit current is transferred to the energy consumption branch, and the turn-off is completed.
In the circuit breaker with bidirectional breaking limiting short-circuit current, the high-speed mechanical switch is a high-speed mechanical switch based on electromagnetic repulsion, a mechanical switch based on high-speed motor drive or a high-speed mechanical switch based on explosion drive.
In the circuit breaker with bidirectional breaking limiting short-circuit current, the semi-controlled power semiconductor device Tr is a semi-controlled device with unidirectional conduction, and is a single device or a combination of the following devices, namely a GTO, a thyristor and an IGBT.
In the circuit breaker with bidirectional breaking limiting short-circuit current, the energy consumption branch circuit comprises a metal oxide arrester or a detachable arrester.
In the circuit breaker with bidirectional breaking limiting short-circuit current, the metal oxide lightning arrester comprises a line type metal oxide lightning arrester, a gapless line type metal oxide lightning arrester and a full-insulation composite outer sleeve metal oxide lightning arrester.
The circuit breaker with the bidirectional breaking limiting short-circuit current utilizes the current limiting module in the circuit breaker, and can guide the short-circuit heavy current to the capacitor in the current limiting module through the actions of the superconducting current limiter and the fuse when the short-circuit heavy current is opened and closed, so that the short-circuit heavy current is limited, and the circuit breaker has the capacity of limiting the short-circuit current. The bidirectional conduction and breaking functions are realized through the anti-parallel power semiconductor devices. When the high current is cut off and short-circuited, the semi-controlled power semiconductor device Tr in the surge current module acts, the pre-charge capacitor is subjected to high-frequency oscillation discharge, and the current in the power electronic branch is reduced to be in the cut-off capacity range of the power semiconductor device IGCT device, so that the IGCT successfully transfers the short-circuit current.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the disclosure. It will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present disclosure and that other drawings may be derived from these drawings without undue effort. Also, like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout the figures.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a circuit breaker with bi-directional breaking limiting short circuit current;
fig. 2 (a) to 2 (e) are schematic structural views of the circuit breaker with bidirectional breaking limiting short-circuit current according to the present invention when the circuit breaker is operated in forward direction and rated to be opened;
fig. 3 (a) to 3 (f) are schematic structural views of the circuit breaker with bidirectional breaking limiting short circuit current of the present invention when the circuit breaker is operated in a forward direction and the short circuit current is opened;
fig. 4 (a) to 4 (e) are schematic structural views of the circuit breaker with bidirectional breaking limiting short-circuit current according to the present invention when operating in reverse and rated on-off;
fig. 5 (a) to 5 (f) are schematic structural views of the circuit breaker with bi-directional breaking limiting short circuit current of the present invention when operating in reverse and breaking short circuit current.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to fig. 1 to 5 (f). While specific embodiments of the disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
It should be noted that certain terms are used throughout the description and claims to refer to particular components. Those of skill in the art will understand that a person may refer to the same component by different names. The specification and claims do not identify differences in terms of components, but rather differences in terms of the functionality of the components. As used throughout the specification and claims, the terms "include" and "comprise" are used in an open-ended fashion, and thus should be interpreted to mean "include, but not limited to. The description hereinafter sets forth the preferred embodiments for carrying out the present disclosure, but is not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure in general, as the description proceeds. The scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims.
For the purposes of promoting an understanding of the embodiments of the disclosure, reference will now be made to the embodiments illustrated in the drawings and specific examples, without the intention of being limiting the embodiments of the disclosure.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5 (f), the circuit breaker with bidirectional breaking limiting short-circuit current comprises a main current branch, a current limiting module and a breaking module, wherein two ends of the main current branch are respectively and directly connected with an outlet end A1 and an outlet end A2, the current limiting module is connected with the main current branch in parallel after being connected with the breaking module in series, a plurality of high-speed mechanical switches are connected with a superconducting current limiter in series to form the main current branch, a capacitor C1 and a Fuse are connected in parallel to form the current limiting module, wherein the Fuse does not act when the rated current of the circuit breaker is turned off, and acts when the short-circuit current of the circuit breaker is turned off; the said breaking module comprises a plurality of modules,
a power electronic branch comprising an antiparallel power semiconductor device IGCT1 and a power semiconductor device IGCT2;
an inrush current module connected in parallel with the power electronic branch, the inrush current module including,
four diodes D1, D2, D3, D4, the bridge structure of which is connected to adapt to the two-way opening of the breaker;
a transfer capacitor C2 having a predetermined precharge voltage, one end of which is connected between the diode D1 and the diode D2;
an oscillating inductor L connected to the other end of the transfer capacitor C2;
the semiconductor control type power semiconductor device Tr has one end connected with the oscillation inductance L and the other end connected between the diode D3 and the diode D4, and the transfer capacitance C2 and the oscillation inductance L oscillate after the semiconductor control type power semiconductor device Tr is conducted, so that the current in the power electronic branch circuit is reduced to the turn-off range of the power semiconductor device IGCT1 or the power semiconductor device IGCT2 in the oscillation negative half period;
a buffer branch connected in parallel with the power electronic branch, wherein the buffer branch comprises a capacitor C3 and a resistor R which are connected in series;
and the energy consumption branch is connected with the power electronic branch in parallel, and comprises an MOV device.
In the preferred embodiment of the circuit breaker with bidirectional breaking limiting short-circuit current, in the bridge structure, the cathodes of the diodes VD1 and VD2 are connected, the anode of the diode VD3 is connected with the anode of the diode VD4, the cathode of the diode VD3 is connected with the anode of the diode VD1, and the cathode of the diode VD4 is connected with the anode of the diode VD 2.
In the preferred embodiment of the circuit breaker with bidirectional breaking limiting short-circuit current, the power semiconductor device IGCT1 and the power semiconductor device IGCT2 are both power semiconductor devices which are in unidirectional conduction.
In the preferred embodiment of the circuit breaker with bidirectional breaking limiting short-circuit current, under the normal through state of the system, the system current flows through the main current branch, when a breaking instruction is received, the high-speed mechanical switch breaks the gate, the power semiconductor device IGCT1 or the power semiconductor device IGCT2 of the breaking module is conducted, the current is transferred to the buffer branch in the breaking module to charge the capacitor C3, and after the voltage of the buffer branch reaches the conducting voltage of the MOV device, the current is transferred to the energy-consuming branch to realize breaking;
when a short circuit fault occurs, the control system sends a switching-off instruction, the high-speed mechanical switch is switched off, the power semiconductor device IGCT1 or the power semiconductor device IGCT2 of the switching-off module is switched on, current is transferred to a buffer branch in the switching-off module, a Fuse in the current limiting module acts, short circuit current continuously charges a capacitor C1 in the current limiting module, so that current is reduced, the semi-controlled power semiconductor device Tr is conducted, the pre-charged capacitor C2 discharges through the semi-controlled power semiconductor device Tr, oscillating current is superposed on the original short circuit current, and when the current in the power electronic branch is reduced to be within the turn-off range of the power semiconductor device IGCT1 or the power semiconductor device IGCT2, the power semiconductor device IGCT1 or the power semiconductor device IGCT2 acts to turn-off the current, so that the current is transferred to the buffer branch, and after the capacitor C3 is charged to the turn-on voltage of the MOV device, the short circuit current is transferred to the energy consumption branch, and the turn-off is completed.
In the preferred embodiment of the circuit breaker with bidirectional breaking limiting short-circuit current, the high-speed mechanical switch is a high-speed mechanical switch based on electromagnetic repulsion, a mechanical switch based on high-speed motor drive or a high-speed mechanical switch based on explosion drive.
In the preferred embodiment of the circuit breaker with bidirectional breaking limiting short-circuit current, the half-controlled power semiconductor device Tr is a half-controlled device conducting unidirectionally, which is a single device or a combination of the following devices, GTO, thyristor, IGBT.
In the preferred embodiment of the circuit breaker with bi-directional breaking limiting short-circuit current, the energy dissipating branch comprises a metal oxide arrester or a detachable arrester.
In the preferred embodiment of the circuit breaker with bidirectional breaking limiting short-circuit current, the metal oxide lightning arrester comprises a line type metal oxide lightning arrester, a gapless line type metal oxide lightning arrester and a full-insulation composite outer sleeve metal oxide lightning arrester.
In one embodiment, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a circuit breaker body structure, and the circuit breaker with bidirectional breaking limiting short-circuit current includes a main current branch, a current limiting module, and a breaking module. Fig. 2 (a) to 2 (e), 3 (a) to 3 (f), 4 (a) to 4 (e), 5 (a) to 5 (f) show a process of current transfer in a specific turn-off process of the circuit breaker, hereinafter, a turn-off process of a rated current and a short-circuit current when a current flows to the right will be described with reference to fig. 2 (a) to 2 (e), 3 (a) to 3 (f), a turn-off process of a rated current and a short-circuit current when a current flows to the left will be described with reference to fig. 4 (a) to 4 (e), 5 (a) to 5 (f),
1. and when the current flow direction is right, switching on and off the rated current process:
(1) In the normal through-flow state shown in fig. 2 (a), the system current flows in from the outlet terminal A1, passes through the high-speed mechanical switch and the superconducting current limiter, and flows out from the outlet terminal A2;
(2) As shown in fig. 2 (b), when receiving a brake-separating instruction of the upper control system, notifying the control system, and sending an instruction by the control system, wherein the mechanical switch is separated and IGCT1 is conducted at the same time, and the current is transferred from the main current branch to the current limiting module and the breaking module under the action of arc voltage;
(3) As shown in fig. 2 (c), the current is transferred and then passes through the fuse of the current limiting module and the power semiconductor device IGCT1 of the breaking module, and the fuse does not act at this time;
(4) As shown in fig. 2 (d), the power semiconductor device IGCT1 is turned off, the current is transferred from the power electronic branch to the buffer branch, and the capacitor C3 of the buffer branch is charged;
(5) As shown in fig. 2 (e), after the voltage of the buffer branch in the switching-off module reaches the on voltage of the MOV device in the energy-consuming branch, the current is transferred to the energy-consuming branch, and the switching-off is completed.
2. And when the current flow direction is right, the short circuit current process is switched on and off:
(1) In the normal through-flow state shown in fig. 3 (a), the system current flows in from the outlet end A1, passes through the high-speed mechanical switch and the superconducting current limiter, and flows out from the outlet end A2;
(2) As shown in fig. 3 (b), when the detection system detects that the system has a short circuit fault, the control system is notified, the control system sends out an instruction, the mechanical switch is opened, the IGCT1 is turned on at the same time, the short circuit current causes the superconducting current limiter to act, and the current is transferred from the main current branch to the current limiting module and the switching module under the combined action of the arc voltage of the mechanical switch and the current limiting voltage of the superconducting current limiter;
(3) As shown in fig. 3 (C), the fast-rising short-circuit high current causes the fuse to operate, and at this time, the current flows through the current-limiting capacitor C1 of the current-limiting module and the power semiconductor device IGCT1. The current charges a current-limiting capacitor C1 of the current-limiting module to limit short-circuit current;
(4) As shown in fig. 3 (d), the half-controlled power semiconductor device Tr is turned on, the precharge capacitor C2 in the pulse current module discharges through the half-controlled power semiconductor device Tr, a high-frequency oscillation current wave is superimposed on the basis of the original current, and the current of the power semiconductor device IGCT1 is reduced to the turn-off capability range and turned off when the oscillation current has a peak value of a negative half period;
(5) As shown in fig. 3 (e), the power semiconductor device IGCT1 is turned off, the current is transferred from the power electronic branch to the buffer branch, and the capacitor C3 of the buffer branch is charged;
(6) As shown in fig. 3 (f), after the voltage of the buffer branch in the breaking module reaches the on voltage of the MOV device in the energy consumption branch, the current is transferred to the energy consumption branch, and the breaking is completed;
3. and when the current flow direction is left, switching on and off the rated current process:
(1) In the normal through-flow state shown in fig. 4 (a), the system current flows in from the outlet terminal A2, passes through the mechanical switch and the superconducting current limiter, and flows out from the outlet terminal A1;
(2) As shown in fig. 4 (b), when receiving a brake-separating instruction of the upper control system, the control system sends out an instruction, the mechanical switch is separated, and meanwhile, the IGCT2 is conducted, and the current is transferred from the main current branch to the current limiting module and the breaking module under the action of the arc voltage;
(3) As shown in fig. 4 (c), the current is transferred and then passes through the fuse of the current limiting module and the power semiconductor device IGCT2 of the breaking module, and the fuse does not act at this time;
(4) As shown in fig. 4 (d), the power semiconductor device IGCT2 is turned off, the current is transferred from the power electronic branch to the buffer branch, and the capacitor C3 of the buffer branch is charged;
(5) As shown in fig. 4 (e), after the voltage of the buffer branch in the breaking module reaches the on voltage of the MOV device in the energy consumption branch, the current is transferred to the energy consumption branch, and the breaking is completed;
4. and when the current flow direction is left, the short circuit current process is switched on and off:
(1) In the normal through-flow state shown in fig. 5 (a), the system current flows in from the outlet terminal A2, passes through the mechanical switch and the superconducting current limiter, and flows out from the outlet terminal A1;
(2) As shown in fig. 5 (b), when the detection system detects that the system has a short circuit fault, the control system is notified, the control system sends a switching-off instruction, the mechanical switch is switched off, the IGCT2 is turned on at the same time, the short circuit current induces the action of the superconducting current limiter, and the current is transferred from the main current branch to the current limiting module and the switching-off module under the combined action of the arc voltage of the mechanical switch and the current limiting voltage of the superconducting current limiter;
(3) As shown in fig. 5 (C), the fast-rising short-circuit high current causes the fuse to operate, and at this time, the current flows through the current-limiting capacitor C1 of the current-limiting module and the power semiconductor device IGCT2. The current charges a current-limiting capacitor C1 of the current-limiting module to limit short-circuit current;
(4) As shown in fig. 5 (d), the semi-controlled power semiconductor device Tr is turned on, the precharge capacitor C2 in the pulse current module is discharged through Tr, a high-frequency oscillation current wave is superimposed on the basis of the original current, and the current of the power semiconductor device IGCT2 is reduced to the turn-off capability range and turned off when the oscillation current has a negative half-period peak value;
(5) As shown in fig. 5 (e), the power semiconductor device IGCT2 is turned off, the current is transferred from the power electronic branch to the buffer branch, and the capacitor C3 of the buffer branch is charged;
(6) As shown in fig. 5 (f), after the voltage of the buffer branch in the switching-off module reaches the on voltage of the MOV device in the energy-consuming branch, the current is transferred to the energy-consuming branch, and the switching-off is completed.
Although embodiments of the present disclosure have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific embodiments and fields of application described above, which are merely illustrative, instructive, and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art, having the benefit of this disclosure, may make numerous forms, and departures from the present disclosure as come within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a circuit breaker with two-way breaking limiting short-circuit current, its includes main current branch, current-limiting module and opens disconnected module, its characterized in that: the two ends of the main current branch are respectively and directly connected with an outlet end A1 and an outlet end A2, the current limiting module is connected in series with the breaking module and then connected with the main current branch in parallel, a plurality of high-speed mechanical switches are connected with the superconducting current limiter in series to form the main current branch, and the capacitor C1 and the Fuse are connected in parallel to form the current limiting module, wherein the Fuse does not act when the rated current of the circuit breaker is turned off, and acts when the short-circuit current of the circuit breaker is turned off; the said breaking module comprises a plurality of modules,
a power electronic branch comprising an antiparallel power semiconductor device IGCT1 and a power semiconductor device IGCT2;
an inrush current module connected in parallel with the power electronic branch, the inrush current module including,
four diodes D1, D2, D3, D4, the bridge structure of which is connected to adapt to the two-way opening of the breaker;
a transfer capacitor C2 having a predetermined precharge voltage, one end of which is connected between the diode D1 and the diode D2;
an oscillating inductor L connected to the other end of the transfer capacitor C2;
the semiconductor control type power semiconductor device Tr has one end connected with the oscillation inductance L and the other end connected between the diode D3 and the diode D4, and the transfer capacitance C2 and the oscillation inductance L oscillate after the semiconductor control type power semiconductor device Tr is conducted, so that the current in the power electronic branch circuit is reduced to the turn-off range of the power semiconductor device IGCT1 or the power semiconductor device IGCT2 in the oscillation negative half period;
a buffer branch connected in parallel with the power electronic branch, wherein the buffer branch comprises a capacitor C3 and a resistor R which are connected in series;
and the energy consumption branch is connected with the power electronic branch in parallel, and comprises an MOV device.
2. A circuit breaker with bi-directional breaking limiting short circuit current according to claim 1, characterized in that: preferably, in the bridge structure, the cathodes of the diodes VD1 and VD2 are connected, the anodes of the diodes VD3 and VD4 are connected, the cathode of the diode VD3 is connected to the anode of the diode VD1, and the cathode of the diode VD4 is connected to the anode of the diode VD 2.
3. A circuit breaker with bi-directional breaking limiting short circuit current according to claim 1, characterized in that: the power semiconductor device IGCT1 and the power semiconductor device IGCT2 are both unidirectionally conducted power semiconductor devices.
4. A circuit breaker with bi-directional breaking limiting short circuit current according to claim 1, characterized in that: under the normal through-flow state of the system, the system current flows through the main current branch, when a brake-off instruction is received, the high-speed mechanical switch is switched off, the power semiconductor device IGCT1 or the power semiconductor device IGCT2 of the breaking module is conducted, the current is transferred to a buffer branch in the breaking module to charge the capacitor C3, and after the voltage of the buffer branch reaches the conducting voltage of the MOV device, the current is transferred to an energy consumption branch to realize breaking;
when a short circuit fault occurs, the control system sends a switching-off instruction, the high-speed mechanical switch is switched off, the power semiconductor device IGCT1 or the power semiconductor device IGCT2 of the switching-off module is switched on, current is transferred to a buffer branch in the switching-off module, a Fuse in the current limiting module acts, short circuit current continuously charges a capacitor C1 in the current limiting module, so that current is reduced, the semi-controlled power semiconductor device Tr is conducted, the pre-charged capacitor C2 discharges through the semi-controlled power semiconductor device Tr, oscillating current is superposed on the original short circuit current, and when the current in the power electronic branch is reduced to be within the turn-off range of the power semiconductor device IGCT1 or the power semiconductor device IGCT2, the power semiconductor device IGCT1 or the power semiconductor device IGCT2 acts to turn-off the current, so that the current is transferred to the buffer branch, and after the capacitor C3 is charged to the turn-on voltage of the MOV device, the short circuit current is transferred to the energy consumption branch, and the turn-off is completed.
5. A circuit breaker with bi-directional breaking limiting short circuit current according to claim 1, characterized in that: the high-speed mechanical switch is a high-speed mechanical switch based on electromagnetic repulsion force, a mechanical switch based on high-speed motor drive or a high-speed mechanical switch based on explosion drive.
6. A circuit breaker with bi-directional breaking limiting short circuit current according to claim 1, characterized in that: the half-control type power semiconductor device Tr is a half-control type device with unidirectional conduction, and is a single device or a combination of the following devices, namely GTO, thyristor and IGBT.
7. A circuit breaker with bi-directional breaking limiting short circuit current according to claim 1, characterized in that: the energy dissipation branch comprises a metal oxide arrester or a detachable arrester.
8. The circuit breaker with bidirectional breaking limiting short-circuit current according to claim 7, characterized in that: the metal oxide lightning arrester comprises a line type metal oxide lightning arrester, a gapless line type metal oxide lightning arrester and a full-insulation composite outer sleeve metal oxide lightning arrester.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310829980.5A CN116706854A (en) | 2023-07-07 | 2023-07-07 | Circuit breaker with bidirectional breaking limiting short-circuit current |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310829980.5A CN116706854A (en) | 2023-07-07 | 2023-07-07 | Circuit breaker with bidirectional breaking limiting short-circuit current |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117013510A (en) * | 2023-09-27 | 2023-11-07 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Superconductive current-limiting hybrid direct current breaker for controllable energy dissipation |
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2023
- 2023-07-07 CN CN202310829980.5A patent/CN116706854A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117013510A (en) * | 2023-09-27 | 2023-11-07 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Superconductive current-limiting hybrid direct current breaker for controllable energy dissipation |
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