CN116705474A - Transformer, safety isolation circuit, switching power supply module and handheld ultrasonic equipment - Google Patents
Transformer, safety isolation circuit, switching power supply module and handheld ultrasonic equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN116705474A CN116705474A CN202310995545.XA CN202310995545A CN116705474A CN 116705474 A CN116705474 A CN 116705474A CN 202310995545 A CN202310995545 A CN 202310995545A CN 116705474 A CN116705474 A CN 116705474A
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- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 248
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 130
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 88
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- HEZMWWAKWCSUCB-PHDIDXHHSA-N (3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxycyclohexa-1,5-diene-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound O[C@@H]1C=CC(C(O)=O)=C[C@H]1O HEZMWWAKWCSUCB-PHDIDXHHSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
- H01F27/2804—Printed windings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/44—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device
- A61B8/4427—Device being portable or laptop-like
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/56—Details of data transmission or power supply
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/24—Magnetic cores
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
- H01F27/36—Electric or magnetic shields or screens
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a transformer, a safety isolation circuit, a switching power supply module and handheld ultrasonic equipment, wherein the transformer is arranged on a PCB (printed circuit board) and comprises a magnetic core assembly, a primary winding and a secondary winding, wherein the primary winding and the secondary winding are formed by winding a PCB wire, the magnetic core assembly comprises at least two shielding magnetic cores arranged on the PCB, and a magnetic screen gap is formed between two adjacent shielding magnetic cores; the primary winding and the secondary winding are arranged on the PCB corresponding to the magnetic screen gap, the primary winding is used for connecting a charging interface and a power control circuit, and the secondary winding is used for connecting a rectifying and filtering circuit. The primary winding and the secondary winding which are arranged in the magnetic screen gap are electromagnetically shielded by the magnetic core assembly, and the voltage conversion and rectification filter circuit is carried out by the transformer so as to output stable and safe power supply signals, thereby ensuring the power supply safety when the power supply signals are inserted into the adapter for use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of handheld ultrasonic equipment, in particular to a transformer, a safety isolation circuit, a switching power supply module and handheld ultrasonic equipment.
Background
The existing handheld ultrasonic equipment is generally powered by a battery due to safety regulations, and scanning and use are not allowed when the handheld ultrasonic equipment is charged by inserting an adapter; or only wireless charging is supported, a wired charging input interface is not allowed, and the battery is generally in a range of 2-4 hours due to the small volume of the handheld ultrasonic device, so that the battery charging frequency is high, and the adapter cannot be inserted for use in emergency. The existing handheld ultrasonic equipment can only use battery power supply or be charged by wireless, and is mainly used for being compatible with adapters on the market, and the adapters basically cannot meet medical safety certification, so that the existing handheld ultrasonic equipment can only be controlled and restricted, and the existing handheld ultrasonic equipment cannot be used when being inserted into the adapters, so that the safety problem is avoided. When the handheld ultrasonic equipment is normally scanned, through battery power supply of the internal setting of the handheld ultrasonic equipment, when the handheld ultrasonic equipment is connected with the adapter through a TYPE_C interface, a USB interface or other interfaces, or is placed on a wireless charging plate for charging, the main control chip can control the switch control circuit to close a rear-stage power supply, so that the handheld ultrasonic equipment can only be charged, but cannot be scanned, and the safety of the handheld ultrasonic equipment is ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a transformer, a safety isolation circuit, a switching power supply module and handheld ultrasonic equipment, which are used for solving the problem that the isolation voltage-resistant effect of the conventional adapter cannot be ensured when the adapter is inserted and charged.
The transformer is arranged on a PCB and comprises a magnetic core assembly, and a primary winding and a secondary winding which are formed by winding PCB wires;
the magnetic core assembly comprises at least two shielding magnetic cores arranged on the PCB, and a magnetic screen gap is formed between two adjacent shielding magnetic cores;
the primary winding and the secondary winding are arranged on the PCB corresponding to the magnetic screen gap, the primary winding is used for connecting a charging interface and a power control circuit, and the secondary winding is used for connecting a rectifying and filtering circuit.
Preferably, the magnetic core assembly comprises one first shielding magnetic core and two second shielding magnetic cores, and the first shielding magnetic core is positioned between the two second shielding magnetic cores so as to form two magnetic screen gaps;
the primary winding and the secondary winding are arranged on the PCB corresponding to the gaps of the two magnetic screens.
Preferably, the first shielding magnetic core and the second shielding magnetic core are flat shielding magnetic cores.
Preferably, the transformer further comprises a connection trace;
the PCB comprises a first circuit board and a second circuit board which are arranged in a stacked manner, and wiring through holes are formed in the second circuit board;
the primary winding and/or the secondary winding are/is a single coil, the single coil is arranged on the first circuit board, the connecting wiring is arranged on the second circuit board, and two ends of the single coil are respectively connected with one connecting wiring through the wiring via holes.
Preferably, the transformer further comprises a connection trace;
the PCB comprises a first circuit board and a second circuit board which are arranged in a stacked manner, and wiring through holes are formed in the second circuit board;
the primary winding and/or the secondary winding are/is combined coils, each combined coil comprises at least two coil sections and at least one coil wire, the coil sections and the connecting wires are arranged on the first circuit board, and the coil wires are arranged on the second circuit board; the tail ends of the first coil section and the tail coil section are respectively connected with one connecting wire; the tail ends of two adjacent coil sections are respectively connected with the two ends of one coil wire through the wire passing through holes.
A safety isolation circuit comprises the transformer, a power control circuit and a rectifying and filtering circuit;
the primary winding of the transformer is connected with the charging interface and the power control circuit;
the secondary winding of the transformer is connected with the rectifying and filtering circuit;
the power control circuit is used for controlling the transformer to perform voltage conversion according to the power supply signal input by the charging interface, and outputting the converted voltage signal to the rectifying and filtering circuit to perform rectifying and filtering.
Preferably, the power control circuit comprises a power switch circuit and a PWM control circuit;
the first end of the power switch circuit is connected with the primary winding, and the second end of the power switch circuit is grounded;
the PWM control circuit is connected with the charging interface, the primary winding and the control end of the power switch circuit and is used for outputting PWM signals to the control end of the power switch circuit according to the power supply signals input by the charging interface and the feedback signals corresponding to the primary winding and controlling the transformer to perform voltage conversion.
Preferably, a first end of the primary winding is connected with the charging interface, and a second end of the primary winding is grounded through the power switch circuit;
The power switching circuit comprises a first power switching tube, a first end of the first power switching tube is connected with a second end of the primary winding, a second end of the first power switching tube is grounded, and a control end of the first power switching tube is connected with the PWM control circuit;
the PWM control circuit is connected with the charging interface and the primary winding and is used for outputting PWM signals to the control end of the first power switch tube according to the power supply signals input by the charging interface and the feedback signals corresponding to the primary winding and controlling the transformer to perform voltage conversion.
Preferably, the power control circuit further comprises a current sampling circuit and a first voltage sampling circuit;
the current sampling circuit is arranged between the second end of the first power switch tube and the ground and is used for collecting primary peak current corresponding to the primary winding when the first power switch tube is conducted;
the first voltage sampling circuit is arranged between the first end of the first power switch tube and the second end of the primary winding and is used for collecting primary turn-off voltage corresponding to the primary winding when the first power switch tube is turned off;
The PWM control circuit is connected with the current sampling circuit and the first voltage sampling circuit and is used for outputting PWM signals to the control end of the first power switch tube according to the primary peak current and the primary turn-off voltage and controlling the transformer to perform voltage conversion.
Preferably, the current sampling circuit comprises a first sampling resistor, a first end of the first sampling resistor is connected with a second end of the first power switch tube and the PWM control circuit, and a second end of the first sampling resistor is grounded;
the first voltage sampling circuit comprises a second sampling resistor, a first end of the second sampling resistor is connected with a connecting node between the first end of the first power switch tube and the second end of the primary winding, and a second end of the second sampling resistor is grounded.
Preferably, the power control circuit further comprises an absorption circuit;
the first end of the absorption circuit is connected with a connecting node between the first end of the first power switch tube and the second end of the primary winding; the second end of the absorption circuit is connected with the charging interface.
Preferably, the snubber circuit includes a snubber diode, a snubber resistor, and a snubber capacitor;
The anode of the absorption diode is connected with a connecting node between the second end of the primary winding and the first end of the first power switch tube;
the first end of the absorption resistor is connected with the cathode of the absorption diode, and the second end of the absorption resistor is connected with the charging interface;
the first end of the absorption capacitor is connected with the cathode of the absorption diode, and the second end of the absorption capacitor is connected with the charging interface.
Preferably, the power control circuit further comprises a current limiting resistor and a decoupling capacitor;
the first end of the current limiting resistor is connected with the charging interface, and the second end of the current limiting resistor is connected with the input end of the PWM control circuit;
the first end of the decoupling capacitor is connected with the input end of the PWM control circuit, and the second end of the decoupling capacitor is grounded.
Preferably, a first end of the secondary winding is connected with the rectifying and filtering circuit, and a second end of the secondary winding is grounded;
the rectifying and filtering circuit comprises a secondary rectifying tube and an output energy storage filtering capacitor;
the anode of the secondary rectifying tube is connected with the first end of the secondary winding, and the cathode of the secondary rectifying tube is connected with the signal output end;
One end of the output energy storage filter capacitor is connected with the signal output end, and the second end of the secondary winding is grounded.
Preferably, the first end and the second end of the primary winding are grounded through the power switch circuit, and a center tap of the primary winding is connected with the charging interface;
the power switching circuit comprises a first power switching tube and a second power switching tube; the first end of the first power switch tube is connected with the first end of the primary winding, the first end of the second power switch tube is connected with the second end of the primary winding, the second end of the first power switch tube and the second end of the second power switch tube are grounded, and the control end of the first power switch tube and the control end of the second power switch tube are connected with the PWM control circuit;
the PWM control circuit is connected with the charging interface and is used for outputting PWM signals to the control end of the second power switch tube and the control end of the second power switch tube according to the power supply signals input by the charging interface and the feedback signals between the second end of the first power switch tube and the second end of the second power switch tube, and controlling the transformer to perform voltage conversion.
Preferably, the power control circuit further comprises a current sampling circuit and a first voltage sampling circuit;
the first end of the current sampling circuit is connected with the second end of the first power switch tube and the second end of the second power switch tube, and the second end of the current sampling circuit is grounded;
the first end of the first voltage sampling circuit is connected with the first end of the current sampling circuit, and the second end of the first voltage sampling circuit is connected with the PWM control circuit.
Preferably, the first voltage sampling circuit comprises a first operational amplifier, a first operational amplifier resistor, a second operational amplifier resistor and a third operational amplifier resistor;
the first end of the first operational amplifier resistor is connected with the first end of the current sampling circuit, and the second end of the first operational amplifier resistor is connected with the non-inverting input end of the first operational amplifier;
the first end of the second operational amplifier resistor is connected with the inverting input end of the first operational amplifier, and the second end of the second operational amplifier resistor is grounded;
the first end of the third operational amplifier resistor is connected with the inverting input end of the first operational amplifier, and the second end of the third operational amplifier resistor is connected with the output end of the first operational amplifier;
The output end of the first operational amplifier is connected with the PWM control circuit.
Preferably, the power control circuit further comprises a second voltage sampling circuit, wherein the second voltage sampling circuit comprises a second operational amplifier, a fourth operational amplifier resistor, a fifth operational amplifier resistor, a sixth operational amplifier resistor and a seventh operational amplifier resistor;
the first end of the fourth operational amplifier resistor is connected with the charging interface, and the second end of the fourth operational amplifier resistor is connected with the non-inverting input end of the second operational amplifier;
the first end of the fifth operational amplifier resistor is connected with the inverting input end of the second operational amplifier, and the second end of the fifth operational amplifier resistor is grounded;
the first end of the sixth operational amplifier resistor is connected with the inverting input end of the second operational amplifier, the second end of the sixth operational amplifier resistor is connected with the output end of the second operational amplifier, and the output end of the second operational amplifier is connected with the input end of the PWM control circuit;
the first end of the seventh operational amplifier resistor is connected with a node between the second end of the fourth operational amplifier resistor and the non-inverting input end of the second operational amplifier, and the second end of the seventh operational amplifier resistor is grounded.
Preferably, the rectifying and filtering circuit comprises a full-bridge rectifying circuit and an output energy storage and filtering capacitor;
the full-bridge rectifying circuit comprises a first rectifying tube, a second rectifying tube, a third rectifying tube and a fourth rectifying tube, wherein the first rectifying tube and the second rectifying tube are connected in series to form a first bridge arm, the third rectifying tube and the fourth rectifying tube are connected in series to form a second bridge arm, the cathode of the first rectifying tube and the cathode of the third rectifying tube are connected in common and are connected with the signal output end, the anode of the second rectifying tube and the anode of the fourth rectifying tube are connected in common and are grounded, the middle point of the first bridge arm is connected with the first end of the secondary winding, and the middle point of the second bridge arm is connected with the second end of the secondary winding;
the first end of the output energy storage filter capacitor is connected with the signal output end, and the second end of the output energy storage filter capacitor is grounded.
Preferably, the safety isolation circuit comprises an input energy storage filter capacitor, a first end of the input energy storage filter capacitor is connected with the charging interface, and a second end of the input energy storage filter capacitor is grounded.
A switch power supply module comprises a substrate, a charging interface, the safety isolation circuit, an adapter detection circuit, a charge-discharge control circuit, a main switch circuit, a switch control circuit and a main control chip, wherein the charging interface, the safety isolation circuit, the adapter detection circuit, the charge-discharge control circuit, the main switch circuit, the switch control circuit and the main control chip are arranged on the substrate;
One end of the safety isolation circuit is connected with the charging interface, and the other end of the safety isolation circuit is connected with the charging and discharging control circuit;
the adapter detection circuit is arranged between the safety isolation circuit and the charge-discharge control circuit and is used for outputting an adapter detection state;
the first end of the main switch circuit is connected with the charge-discharge control circuit, the second end of the main switch circuit is used for connecting a load, and the control end of the main switch circuit is connected with the switch control circuit;
the main control chip is connected with the adapter detection circuit, the charge-discharge control circuit and the switch control circuit and used for controlling the charge-discharge control circuit and the switch control circuit to work according to the adapter detection state.
Preferably, the switching power supply module further comprises a wireless charging sensor and a wireless charging control circuit which are arranged on the substrate;
one end of the wireless charging control circuit is connected with the wireless charging sensor, and the other end of the wireless charging control circuit is connected with the charging and discharging control circuit;
the main control chip is connected with the wireless charging control circuit and is used for controlling the main switch circuit and the charging and discharging control circuit to work according to the induction signals transmitted by the wireless charging control circuit.
Preferably, the switching power supply module further comprises a power supply selection circuit, and the power supply selection circuit is arranged between the safety isolation circuit and the charge-discharge control circuit;
the main control chip is connected with the power supply selection circuit and used for switching the power supply selection circuit to enter the adapter charging state or the wireless charging state.
Preferably, the switching power supply module further comprises a voltage stabilizing circuit, one end of the voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with the main switching circuit, and the other end of the voltage stabilizing circuit is used for being connected with a load.
The handheld ultrasonic equipment is characterized by comprising the switching power supply module and a handheld probe connected with the switching power supply module.
The transformer, the safety isolation circuit, the switching power supply module and the handheld ultrasonic equipment are wound to form the primary winding and the secondary winding by utilizing the PCB wiring arranged on the PCB, so that the volume of the formed transformer is reduced, and the purposes of integration and miniaturization are achieved; and electromagnetic shielding is carried out on the primary winding and the secondary winding which are arranged in the magnetic screen gap by using at least two shielding magnetic cores arranged on the PCB so as to avoid interference of the signal on other signals transmitted in the application environment where the signal is positioned. When the adapter is inserted into the charging interface, the power control circuit is used for controlling the transformer to perform voltage conversion so as to convert a power supply signal input by the charging interface into a safer voltage signal, thereby achieving the effects of signal isolation and voltage stabilization; and then the rectification filter circuit is utilized to carry out rectification filter on the voltage signal output by the transformer, so that the interference of the output voltage signal on other signals transmitted in the application environment where the output voltage signal is positioned is further avoided, and the power supply safety of the transformer when the transformer is inserted into the adapter is ensured. When the transformer is applied to handheld ultrasonic equipment, when the adapter is inserted to supply power, the voltage signal output by the transformer meets the isolation withstand voltage effect of medical standards after rectifying and filtering, so that scanning can be performed when the adapter is inserted.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a safety isolation circuit according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a safety isolation circuit according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a safety isolation circuit according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a switching power supply module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is another schematic block diagram of a switching power supply module in an embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: 1. a transformer; 11. a primary winding; 12. a secondary winding; 13. a magnetic core assembly; 131. a first shielding magnetic core; 132. a second shielding magnetic core; 14. connecting wires; 15. combining coils; 151. a coil section; 152. coil wiring;
2. A power control circuit; 21. a power switching circuit; q1, a first power switch tube; q2, a second power switch tube; 22. a PWM control circuit; 23. a current sampling circuit; r23 is a first sampling resistor; 24. a first voltage sampling circuit; r240, second sampling resistor; u1, a first operational amplifier; r241 is the first operational amplifier resistor; r242, a second operational amplifier resistor; r243 and a third operational amplifier resistor; 25. a first filter circuit; r25 is the first filter resistor; c25, a first filter capacitor; 26. an absorption circuit; d26, absorption diode; r26, absorption resistance; c26, absorption capacitance; 27. a second filter circuit; r27, a second filter resistor; c27, a second filter capacitor; 28. a second voltage sampling circuit; u2, a second operational amplifier; r281, a fourth operational amplifier resistor; r282, fifth operational amplifier resistor; r283, sixth op-amp resistor; r284 and a seventh operational amplifier resistor; 29. a third filter circuit; r29, a third filter resistor; c29, a third filter capacitor; r20, a current limiting resistor; c20, decoupling capacitance; c21, inputting an energy storage filter capacitor;
3. a rectifying and filtering circuit; d30, a secondary rectifying tube; d31, a first rectifying tube; d32, a second rectifying tube; d33, a third rectifying tube; d34, a fourth rectifying tube; c30, outputting an energy storage filter capacitor;
4. A switching power supply module; 401. a substrate; 402. a charging interface; 403. a safety isolation circuit; 404. an adapter detection circuit; 405. a charge-discharge control circuit; 406. a main switching circuit; 407. a main control chip; 408. a switch control circuit; 409. a wireless charging sensor; 410. a wireless charging control circuit; 411. a power supply selection circuit; 412. and a voltage stabilizing circuit.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, the dimensions and relative dimensions of layers and regions may be exaggerated for the same elements throughout for clarity.
It will be understood that when an element or layer is referred to as being "on" …, "" adjacent to "…," "connected to" or "coupled to" another element or layer, it can be directly on, adjacent to, connected to or coupled to the other element or layer, or intervening elements or layers may be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on" …, "" directly adjacent to "…," "directly connected to" or "directly coupled to" another element or layer, there are no intervening elements or layers present. It will be understood that, although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another element, component, region, layer or section. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below could be termed a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the present invention.
Spatially relative terms, such as "under …," "under …," "below," "under …," "above …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use and operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements or features described as "under" or "beneath" other elements would then be oriented "on" the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary terms "under …" and "under …" may include both an upper and a lower orientation. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of the associated listed items.
In the following description, for the purpose of providing a thorough understanding of the present invention, detailed structures and steps are presented in order to illustrate the technical solution presented by the present invention. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, however, the present invention may have other embodiments in addition to these detailed descriptions.
The embodiment of the invention provides a transformer 1, as shown in fig. 1, the transformer 1 is arranged on a PCB and comprises a magnetic core assembly 13, and a primary winding 11 and a secondary winding 12 formed by winding PCB wires;
The magnetic core assembly 13 comprises at least two shielding magnetic cores arranged on the PCB, and a magnetic screen gap is formed between two adjacent shielding magnetic cores;
the primary winding 11 and the secondary winding 12 are arranged on the PCB corresponding to the magnetic screen gap, the primary winding 11 is used for connecting the charging interface 402 and the power control circuit 2, and the secondary winding 12 is used for connecting the rectifying and filtering circuit 3.
The shielding magnetic core is a magnetic core which can be used for shielding signals to cause interference to a handheld probe or other loads, and particularly is a magnetic core with a shielding shell. The magnetic screen gap is a gap arranged between two adjacent shielding magnetic cores, and can play a role in interfering the handheld ultrasonic equipment by shielding signals.
The charging interface 402 refers to an interface for connecting to an adapter, and as an example, the charging interface 402 may be a type_c charging interface for connecting to a type_c adapter to receive a power supply signal input by the type_c adapter. The power control circuit 2 is a circuit connected to the primary winding 11 of the transformer 1 for adjusting the power of the transformer 1 to control the voltage conversion of the transformer 1. The rectifying and filtering circuit 3 is a circuit for realizing a rectifying and filtering function connected to the secondary winding 12 of the transformer 1.
As an example, at least two first openings are formed on the PCB, each first opening is used for assembling a shielding magnetic core, so that the at least two shielding magnetic cores are assembled on the PCB, and a magnetic screen gap is formed on the PCB; the primary winding 11 and the secondary winding 12 of the transformer 1 formed by winding the PCB wiring are arranged on a PCB board corresponding to the magnetic screen gap, and at least two shielding magnetic cores are utilized to carry out electromagnetic shielding on signals transmitted in the primary winding 11 and the secondary winding 12 so as to prevent the signals from interfering with other signals transmitted in an application environment where the signals are located, for example, when the transformer 1 is applied to a handheld ultrasonic device, the signals can be prevented from interfering with ultrasonic signals transmitted in the handheld ultrasonic device.
In this example, the primary winding 11 of the transformer 1 is connected to the charging interface 402 and the power control circuit 2, the secondary winding 12 of the transformer 1 is connected to the rectifying and filtering circuit 3, when the adapter is inserted into the charging interface 402, the power control circuit 2 can receive the power supply signal input by the adapter through the charging interface 402, at this time, according to the received power supply signal, the power control circuit 2 can adjust the duty ratio output to the transformer 1 in combination with the feedback signal corresponding to the primary winding 11, control the transformer 1 to perform voltage conversion, and output the converted voltage signal to the rectifying and filtering circuit 3 to perform rectifying and filtering.
In this embodiment, at least two shielding magnetic cores disposed on the PCB board are used to electromagnetically shield the primary winding 11 and the secondary winding 12 disposed in the gaps of the magnetic screen, so as to avoid interference of the signal on other signals transmitted in the application environment where the signal is located; when the adapter is inserted into the charging interface 402, the power control circuit 2 is used for controlling the transformer 1 to perform voltage conversion so as to convert a power supply signal input by the charging interface 402 into a safer voltage signal, so that the effects of signal isolation and voltage stabilization can be achieved; the rectification filter circuit 3 is used for rectifying and filtering the voltage signal output by the transformer 1, so that the interference of the output voltage signal to other signals transmitted in the application environment where the output voltage signal is positioned is further avoided, and the power supply safety of the transformer when the transformer is inserted into an adapter is ensured; and, the primary winding 11 and the secondary winding 12 formed by winding the PCB wiring are arranged on the PCB board, so that the overall height of the PCB wiring is smaller, and the requirements of integration and miniaturization can be met. When the transformer 1 is applied to handheld ultrasonic equipment, when the adapter is inserted to supply power, the voltage signal output by the transformer 1 is rectified and filtered to meet the isolation voltage-resistant effect of medical standards, so that the scanning can be still performed when the adapter is inserted.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the magnetic core assembly 13 includes a first shielding magnetic core 131 and two second shielding magnetic cores 132, the first shielding magnetic core 131 being located between the two second shielding magnetic cores 132 to form two magnetic screen gaps;
the primary winding 11 and the secondary winding 12 are arranged on the PCB corresponding to the gaps of the two magnetic screens.
The first shielding magnetic core 131 and the second shielding magnetic core 132 are shielding magnetic cores arranged at different positions on the PCB board, and can shield interference of the handheld ultrasonic device when the transformer 1 is applied to the handheld ultrasonic device. The magnetic shield gap refers to a gap formed between the first shield core 131 and the second shield core 132.
As an example, three first openings are formed on the PCB board, the first shielding magnetic core 131 is disposed in the first opening at the middle position, and two second shielding magnetic cores 132 are disposed in the second openings at the peripheral positions, so that one first shielding magnetic core 131 is disposed between the two second shielding magnetic cores 132, such that a magnetic screen gap is formed between the first shielding magnetic core 131 and each second shielding magnetic core 132. The primary winding 11 and the secondary winding 12 are arranged on the PCB corresponding to the gaps between the two magnetic screens, specifically, the primary winding 11 and the secondary winding 12 can be arranged on the periphery of the PCB where the first shielding magnetic core 131 is arranged and arranged in the PCB where the two second shielding magnetic cores 132 are arranged, so that the primary winding 11 and the secondary winding 12 need to bypass the two groups of shielding magnetic cores for electromagnetic shielding, the electromagnetic shielding effect is guaranteed, and interference of signals transmitted by the transformer 1 on other signals transmitted in the application environment of the transformer can be effectively avoided.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the first and second shield cores 131 and 132 are flat shield cores.
As an example, the first shielding magnetic core 131 and the second shielding magnetic core 132 assembled on the PCB board are both flat shielding magnetic cores, which not only can satisfy the effect of avoiding interference caused by the signal transmitted by the transformer 1 to other signals transmitted in the application environment where the signal is located, but also can reduce the overall height of the transformer 1 assembled on the PCB board, and satisfy the demands of integration and miniaturization, so that the flat shielding magnetic cores can be applied to handheld ultrasonic devices or other handheld devices.
In an embodiment, the transformer 1 further comprises a connection trace 14;
the PCB comprises a first circuit board and a second circuit board which are arranged in a stacked manner, and wiring through holes are formed in the second circuit board;
the primary winding 11 and/or the secondary winding 12 are/is a single coil, the single coil is arranged on the first circuit board, the connecting wires 14 are arranged on the second circuit board, and two ends of the single coil are respectively connected with one connecting wire 14 through the wire through holes.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the transformer 1 further includes a connection trace 14;
the PCB comprises a first circuit board and a second circuit board which are arranged in a stacked manner, and wiring through holes are formed in the second circuit board;
The primary winding 11 and/or the secondary winding 12 are combined coils 15, the combined coils 15 comprise at least two coil sections 151 and at least one coil wire 152, the coil sections 151 and the connecting wires 14 are arranged on a first circuit board, and the coil wire 152 is arranged on a second circuit board; the tail ends of the first coil section 151 and the tail coil section are respectively connected with a connecting wire 14; the ends of two adjacent coil segments 151 are connected to two ends of one coil trace 152 through trace vias, respectively.
The connection trace 14 is a trace for connecting the winding of the transformer 1 with other components. The first circuit board and the second circuit board are any two circuit boards in the PCB. The wiring via hole refers to a via hole which is arranged on the circuit board and is used for connecting circuits on the circuit boards of different layers. The single coil is a coil formed by winding one wire. The combined coil 15 is a coil formed by winding a plurality of wires.
As an example, the primary winding 11 is any one of the single coil and the combined coil 15, and the secondary winding 12 is any one of the single coil and the combined coil 15, specifically including the following combinations: one is that the primary winding 11 is a single coil, and the secondary winding 12 is a single coil; secondly, the primary winding 11 is a single coil, and the secondary winding 12 is a combined coil 15; thirdly, the primary winding 11 is a combined coil 15, and the secondary winding 12 is a single coil; fourth, the primary winding 11 is a combined coil 15, and the secondary winding 12 is a combined coil 15.
As an example, the PCB includes at least a first circuit board and a second circuit board that are stacked, where the second circuit board is provided with a circuit board with a routing via; when the primary winding 11 or the secondary winding 12 is a single coil, the single coil is disposed on the first circuit board, and the connection wires 14 for connecting other components are disposed on the second circuit board, and two ends of the single coil need to be connected with two connection wires 14 disposed on the second circuit board through the wire passing holes disposed on the second circuit board, so as to avoid the intersection of the single coil and the connection wires 14, and affect the normal operation of the winding of the transformer 1.
As an example, the PCB includes at least a first circuit board and a second circuit board that are stacked, where the second circuit board is provided with a circuit board with a routing via; when the primary winding 11 or the secondary winding 12 is a combined coil 15, the combined coil 15 includes at least two coil segments 151 and at least one coil trace 152, the at least two coil segments 151 are disposed on the first circuit board, and the at least two coil segments 151 are connected end to end, that is, in the two adjacent coil segments 151, the head end of one coil segment 151 is connected with the tail end of the other coil segment 151 through the one coil trace 152 disposed on the second circuit board; the ends of the first and the last coil sections 151 are respectively connected with two connecting wires 14, namely, the head end of the first coil section 151 and the tail end of the last coil section 151 are respectively connected with two connecting wires 14 arranged on the first circuit board. In this example, two connecting wires 14 disposed on the first circuit board may be inserted into a gap between at least two coil segments 151 disposed on the first circuit board, and then the two adjacent coil segments 151 are connected through the coil wire 152 on the second circuit board, so as to avoid the intersection of the combined coil 15 and the connecting wires 14, which affects the normal operation of the winding of the transformer 1.
The embodiment of the invention provides a safety isolation circuit 403, as shown in fig. 2, the safety isolation circuit 403 includes the transformer 1, the power control circuit 2 and the rectifying and filtering circuit 3 in the above embodiment;
the primary winding 11 of the transformer 1 is connected with the charging interface 402 and the power control circuit 2;
the secondary winding 12 of the transformer 1 is connected with the rectifying and filtering circuit 3;
the power control circuit 2 is configured to control the transformer 1 to perform voltage conversion according to the power supply signal input by the charging interface 402, and output the converted voltage signal to the rectifying and filtering circuit 3 for rectifying and filtering.
As an example, the primary winding 11 of the transformer 1 is connected to the charging interface 402 and the power control circuit 2, the secondary winding 12 of the transformer 1 is connected to the rectifying and filtering circuit 3, when the adapter is inserted into the charging interface 402, the power control circuit 2 can receive the power supply signal input by the adapter through the charging interface 402, at this time, according to the received power supply signal, the power control circuit 2 can adjust the duty ratio output to the transformer 1 in combination with the feedback signal corresponding to the primary winding 11, control the transformer 1 to perform voltage conversion, and output the converted voltage signal to the rectifying and filtering circuit 3 to perform rectifying and filtering. When the adapter is inserted into the charging interface 402, the power control circuit 2 is used for controlling the transformer 1 to perform voltage conversion so as to convert a power supply signal input by the charging interface 402 into a safer voltage signal, so that the effects of signal isolation and voltage stabilization can be achieved; the rectification and filtering circuit 3 is used for rectifying and filtering the voltage signal output by the transformer 1, so that the interference of the output voltage signal on other signals transmitted in the application environment where the output voltage signal is positioned is further avoided; and, the primary winding 11 and the secondary winding 12 formed by winding the PCB wiring are arranged on the PCB board, so that the overall height of the PCB wiring is smaller, and the requirements of integration and miniaturization can be met.
For example, when the transformer 1 is applied to handheld ultrasonic equipment, when the adapter is inserted to supply power, the voltage signal output by the transformer 1 is rectified and filtered to meet the isolation voltage-resistant effect of medical standards, so that the purpose of scanning and using can be achieved when the adapter is connected. Since the transformer 1 in the above embodiment includes at least two shielding magnetic cores disposed on the PCB board, the shielding magnetic cores can electromagnetically shield the primary winding 11 and the secondary winding 12 disposed in the gaps of the magnetic screen, so as to avoid interference of the signal on other signals transmitted in the application environment, and further ensure the isolation voltage-resistant effect of the safety isolation circuit 403.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2-4, the power control circuit 2 includes a power switch circuit 21 and a PWM control circuit 22;
a first end of the power switch circuit 21 is connected with the primary winding 11, and a second end of the power switch circuit 21 is grounded;
the PWM control circuit 22 is connected to the charging interface 402, the primary winding 11 and the control terminal of the power switch circuit 21, and is configured to output a PWM signal to the control terminal of the power switch circuit 21 according to the power supply signal input by the charging interface 402 and the feedback signal corresponding to the primary winding 11, so as to control the transformer 1 to perform voltage conversion.
The power switching circuit 21 is a switching circuit for realizing power adjustment, which is provided between the primary winding 11 and ground. The PWM control circuit 22 is a circuit connected to the power switch circuit 21 for outputting a PWM signal to control the operation of the power switch circuit 21.
As an example, the power control circuit 2 comprises a power switch circuit 21 and a PWM control circuit 22, a first terminal of the power switch circuit 21 is connected to the primary winding 11, a second terminal of the power switch circuit 21 is grounded, a control terminal of the power switch circuit 21 is connected to the PWM control circuit 22, and the PWM control circuit 22 is further connected to the charging interface 402 and the primary winding 11. When the adapter is inserted into the charging interface 402, the power supply signal input by the adapter can be received through the charging interface 402, at this time, the PWM control circuit 22 can output a PWM signal to the power switch circuit 21 to conduct a circuit between the charging interface 402 and the ground, at this time, the PWM control circuit 22 is connected with the primary winding 11, and can collect a feedback signal corresponding to the primary winding 11; then, according to the feedback signal, a PWM signal can be output to the power switch circuit 21 to adjust the driving frequency and duty ratio of the power switch circuit 21, so as to control the transformer 1 to perform voltage stabilizing processing, so as to adapt to the input voltages of different adapters, ensure the stability of the output voltage to the handheld probe or other loads, and avoid interference to other signals.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, a first end of the primary winding 11 is connected to the charging interface 402, and a second end of the primary winding 11 is grounded through the power switch circuit 21;
the power switching circuit 21 comprises a first power switching tube Q1, a first end of the first power switching tube Q1 is connected with a second end of the primary winding 11, a second end of the first power switching tube Q1 is grounded, and a control end of the first power switching tube Q1 is connected with the PWM control circuit 22;
the PWM control circuit 22 is connected to the charging interface 402 and the primary winding 11, and is configured to output a PWM signal to the control terminal of the first power switching tube Q1 according to a power supply signal input by the charging interface 402 and a feedback signal corresponding to the primary winding 11, so as to control the transformer 1 to perform voltage conversion.
As an example, when the transformer 1 is in a flyback topology, a first end of the primary winding 11 is connected to the charging interface 402, and a second end of the primary winding 11 is grounded through the power switching circuit 21. Specifically, the power switching circuit 21 includes a first power switching tube Q1, a first end of the first power switching tube Q1 is connected to a second end of the primary winding 11, a second end of the first power switching tube Q1 is grounded, a control end of the first power switching tube Q1 is connected to the PWM control circuit 22, and the PWM control circuit 22 is further connected to the charging interface 402 and the primary winding 11. When the adapter is plugged into the charging interface 402, the charging interface 402 can receive a power supply signal input by the adapter, at this time, the PWM control circuit 22 can output PWM signals with specific driving frequency and duty ratio to the first power switch Q1, so that the first power switch Q1 is turned on and off, so as to collect feedback signals when the first power switch Q1 is turned on and off, and according to the feedback signals, the PWM signals can be output to the power switch circuit 21, so as to adjust the driving frequency and duty ratio of the power switch circuit 21, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the transformer 1 to perform voltage stabilizing processing, so as to adapt to input voltages of different adapters, ensure stability of output voltages, and avoid interference to other signals. As shown in fig. 3, the PWM control circuit 22 may be a PWM control chip, and uses a single chip to implement PWM control, which helps to ensure the card area.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the power control circuit 2 further includes a current sampling circuit 23 and a first voltage sampling circuit 24;
the current sampling circuit 23 is arranged between the second end of the first power switch tube Q1 and the ground, and is used for collecting primary peak current corresponding to the primary winding 11 when the first power switch tube Q1 is conducted;
the first voltage sampling circuit 24 is arranged between the first end of the first power switch tube Q1 and the second end of the primary winding 11, and is used for collecting the primary turn-off voltage corresponding to the primary winding 11 when the first power switch tube Q1 is turned off;
the PWM control circuit 22 is connected to the current sampling circuit 23 and the first voltage sampling circuit 24, and is configured to output a PWM signal to the control terminal of the first power switching tube Q1 according to the primary peak current and the primary off voltage, so as to control the transformer 1 to perform voltage conversion.
As an example, the power control circuit 2 further comprises a current sampling circuit 23 and a first voltage sampling circuit 24. The current sampling circuit 23 is disposed between the second end of the first power switch Q1 and the ground, and is configured to collect a primary peak current corresponding to the primary winding 11 when the first power switch Q1 is turned on, where the primary peak current is understood as a maximum current flowing through the primary winding 11 when the first power switch Q1 is turned on. The first voltage sampling circuit 24 is disposed between the first end of the first power switch Q1 and the second end of the primary winding 11, specifically, the first end of the first voltage sampling circuit 24 is connected to a connection node between the first end of the first power switch Q1 and the second end of the primary winding 11, and the second end of the first voltage sampling circuit 24 is connected to the PWM control circuit 22, so that when the first power switch Q1 is turned off, the primary turn-off voltage corresponding to the primary winding 11 can be collected. In this example, the PWM control circuit 22 is connected to the current sampling circuit 23 and the first voltage sampling circuit 24, and may perform error amplification and comparison according to the primary peak current collected by the current sampling circuit 23 and the primary turn-off voltage collected by the first voltage sampling circuit 24, so as to adjust the driving frequency and the duty ratio of the first power switch Q1, so as to control the transformer 1 to perform voltage stabilization processing, so as to adapt to the input voltages of different adapters, ensure the stability of the output voltages thereof, and avoid interference on other signals.
As shown in fig. 3, the PWM control circuit 22 is an analog main control chip 407 chip, and when the first power switch Q1 is turned off, the corresponding relationship between the secondary output voltage corresponding to the secondary winding 12 and the primary turn-off voltage corresponding to the primary winding 11 is as follows:wherein->For the corresponding primary off voltage of the primary winding 11,for outputting voltage +.>For primary-secondary turn ratio, +.>Is the rectifying tube voltage in the rectifying and filtering circuit 3. In the flyback topology shown in fig. 2, when the first power switch tube Q1 is turned on, a primary peak current is collected; when the first power switch tube Q1 is turned offNo current flows through the first power switch Q1, at this time, a primary turn-off voltage may be collected, the voltage on the secondary winding 12 is clamped by the output voltage, and the voltage may be reflected to the primary winding 11 by the primary-secondary turn ratio, so that the voltage and the primary peak current may be error amplified to adjust the duty cycle. In this example, the primary peak current and the primary turn-off voltage can be collected to perform duty ratio modulation by designing a suitable primary turn-to-secondary turn ratio, so that the transformer 1 can realize isolation and voltage stabilizing effects, and no additional isolation feedback is needed, thereby being beneficial to saving the area of a board card and meeting the requirements of miniaturization and integration.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the current sampling circuit 23 includes a first sampling resistor R23, a first end of the first sampling resistor R23 is connected to a second end of the first power switch Q1 and the PWM control circuit 22, and a second end of the first sampling resistor R23 is grounded;
the first voltage sampling circuit 24 includes a second sampling resistor R240, a first terminal of the second sampling resistor R240 is connected to a connection node between the first terminal of the first power switching tube Q1 and the second terminal of the primary winding 11, and a second terminal of the second sampling resistor R240 is grounded.
As an example, the current sampling circuit 23 includes a first sampling resistor R23, a first end of the first sampling resistor R23 is connected to the second end of the first power switch Q1 and the PWM control circuit 22, a second end of the first sampling resistor R23 is grounded, and when the first power switch Q1 is turned on, the PWM control circuit 22 can collect the primary peak current corresponding to the primary winding 11 through the first sampling resistor R23. The first voltage sampling circuit 24 includes a second sampling resistor R240, a first end of the second sampling resistor R240 is connected to a connection node between the first end of the first power switch Q1 and the second end of the primary winding 11, a second end of the second sampling resistor R240 is connected to the PWM control circuit 22, and when the first power switch Q1 is turned off, the PWM control circuit 22 can collect the primary turn-off voltage corresponding to the primary winding 11 through the second sampling resistor R240. In this example, the PWM control circuit 22 is connected to the first sampling resistor R23 and the second sampling resistor R240, and may perform error amplification and comparison according to the primary peak current collected by the first sampling resistor R23 and the primary turn-off voltage collected by the second sampling resistor R240, so as to adjust the driving frequency and the duty ratio of the first power switch Q1, so as to control the transformer 1 to perform voltage stabilization processing, so as to adapt to the input voltages of different adapters, ensure the stability of the output voltages thereof, and avoid interference to other signals. In the example, two resistors are adopted as the first sampling resistor R23 and the second sampling resistor R240 respectively, so that primary peak current and primary turn-off voltage are collected, the circuit structure is simple, the occupied area is small, and the requirements of miniaturization and integration can be met.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the power control circuit 2 further includes a first filter circuit 25, where the first filter circuit 25 includes a first filter resistor R25 and a first filter capacitor C25;
the first end of the first filter resistor R25 is connected with a connecting node between the second end of the first power switch tube Q1 and the first end of the first sampling resistor R23, and the second end of the first filter resistor R25 is connected with the PWM control circuit 22;
a first end of the first filter capacitor C25 is connected to a connection node between a second end of the first filter resistor R25 and the PWM control circuit 22, and a second end of the first filter capacitor C25 is grounded.
The first filter circuit 25 is a filter circuit provided between the current sampling circuit 23 and the PWM control circuit 22.
As an example, the power control circuit 2 further includes a first filter circuit 25, where the first filter circuit 25 may include a first filter resistor R25 and a first filter capacitor C25, or may be other circuits that can implement a filtering function. The first end of the first filter resistor R25 is connected with a connecting node between the second end of the first power switch tube Q1 and the first end of the first sampling resistor R23, and the second end of the first filter resistor R25 is connected with the PWM control circuit 22; the first end of the first filter capacitor C25 is connected to a connection node between the second end of the first filter resistor R25 and the PWM control circuit 22, and the second end of the first filter capacitor C25 is grounded, so that the first filter resistor R25 and the first filter capacitor C25 form a filter circuit, so as to perform filtering processing on signals flowing in the filter circuit, specifically filter signals formed by voltage spikes at the moment when the first power switch Q1 is turned on, and prevent the PWM control circuit 22 from being triggered by errors to implement overcurrent protection.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the power control circuit 2 further includes a snubber circuit 26;
a first end of the snubber circuit 26 is connected to a connection node between the first end of the first power switch tube Q1 and the second end of the primary winding 11; a second terminal of the snubber circuit 26 is connected to the charging interface 402.
The absorption circuit 26 is used for absorbing voltage spikes generated by leakage inductance, and plays a role of protecting the first power switch tube Q1, where the leakage inductance refers to the part of magnetic flux leaking during the primary-secondary coupling process of the transformer 1.
As an example, the power control circuit 2 further comprises a snubber circuit 26, a first terminal of the snubber circuit 26 being connected to a connection node between the first terminal of the first power switching tube Q1 and the second terminal of the primary winding 11; a second terminal of the snubber circuit 26 is connected to the charging interface 402. In this example, at the moment when the first power switch Q1 is turned off, the energy sampled by the leakage inductance cannot be timely transferred to the secondary winding 12, and a voltage spike will be generated at the first end of the first power switch Q1, so an absorption circuit 26 needs to be disposed between the first end of the first power switch Q1 and the second end of the primary winding 11, so that one end of the absorption circuit 26 is connected to the first end of the first power switch Q1 and the second end of the primary winding 11, and the other end of the absorption circuit 26 is connected to the charging interface 402, so as to absorb the voltage spike formed at the moment when the first power switch Q1 is turned off, to protect the first power switch Q1, and further ensure signal isolation and safety. For example, the snubber circuit 26 may be a snubber circuit 26 formed by a combination of resistance and capacitance, or may be a snubber circuit 26 formed by a combination of inductance and capacitance.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the snubber circuit 26 includes a snubber diode D26, a snubber resistor R26, and a snubber capacitor C26;
the anode of the absorption diode D26 is connected with a connection node between the second end of the primary winding 11 and the first end of the first power switch tube Q1;
a first end of the absorption resistor R26 is connected with a cathode of the absorption diode D26, and a second end of the absorption resistor R26 is connected with the charging interface 402;
the first terminal of the snubber capacitor C26 is connected to the cathode of the snubber diode D26, and the second terminal of the snubber capacitor C26 is connected to the charging interface 402.
As an example, the snubber circuit 26 includes a snubber diode D26, a snubber resistor R26, and a snubber capacitor C26, where an anode of the snubber diode D26 is connected to a connection node between the second end of the primary winding 11 and the first end of the first power switch Q1, and a cathode of the snubber diode D26 is connected to the charging interface 402 through the snubber resistor R26 and the snubber capacitor C26, respectively, that is, the snubber resistor R26 and the snubber capacitor C26 are disposed in parallel between the snubber diode D26 and the charging interface 402.
When the adapter is plugged into the charging interface 402, the power supply signal input by the adapter can be received through the charging interface 402, at this time, the PWM control circuit 22 can output a PWM signal with a specific driving frequency and a specific duty ratio to the first power switching tube Q1, so as to make the first power switching tube Q1 be turned on and turned off, so as to collect a primary peak current when the first power switching tube Q1 is turned on and a primary turn-off voltage when the first power switching tube Q1 is turned off, so as to perform error amplification and comparison according to the primary peak current and the primary turn-off voltage, and adjust the duty ratio of the first power switching tube Q1; at the moment when the first power switch tube Q1 is turned off, a voltage spike is generated at the first end of the first power switch tube Q1, when the capacitance spike is higher than the bus voltage corresponding to the bus connected with the charging interface 402, the absorption diode D26 is turned on, and the spike voltage can charge the absorption capacitor C26 and is consumed on the absorption resistor R26, so as to achieve the purpose of absorbing the spike voltage formed by the absorption diode D26.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the power control circuit 2 further includes a current limiting resistor R20 and a decoupling capacitor C20;
a first end of the current limiting resistor R20 is connected with the charging interface 402, and a second end of the current limiting resistor R20 is connected with an input end of the PWM control circuit 22;
the first terminal of the decoupling capacitor C20 is connected to the input terminal of the PWM control circuit 22, and the second terminal of the decoupling capacitor C20 is grounded.
As an example, a current limiting resistor R20 is disposed between the charging interface 402 and the input terminal of the PWM control circuit 22, such that a first terminal of the current limiting resistor R20 is connected to the charging interface 402, and a second terminal of the current limiting resistor R20 is connected to the input terminal of the PWM control circuit 22, so as to limit the current of the power supply signal input by the charging interface 402, so as to prevent the chip from being damaged.
As an example, a decoupling capacitor C20 is disposed between the input terminal of the PWM control circuit 22 and ground, such that a first terminal of the decoupling capacitor C20 is connected to the input terminal of the PWM control circuit 22, and a second terminal of the decoupling capacitor C20 is grounded to prevent parasitic oscillation caused by the circuit passing through the power supply.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, a first end of the secondary winding 12 is connected to the rectifying and filtering circuit 3, and a second end of the secondary winding 12 is grounded;
The rectifying and filtering circuit 3 comprises a secondary rectifying tube D30 and an output energy storage and filtering capacitor C30;
the anode of the secondary rectifying tube D30 is connected with the first end of the secondary winding 12, and the cathode of the secondary rectifying tube D30 is connected with the signal output end;
one end of the output energy storage filter capacitor C30 is connected with the signal output end, and the second end of the secondary winding 12 is grounded.
The secondary rectifying tube D30 is a diode capable of achieving a rectifying function. The output tank filter capacitor C30 is a capacitor provided at the signal output terminal for realizing the rectifying and filtering function.
As an example, the rectifying and filtering circuit 3 includes a secondary rectifying tube D30 and an output energy storage and filtering capacitor C30, where an anode of the secondary rectifying tube D30 is connected to the first end of the secondary winding 12, and a cathode of the secondary rectifying tube D30 is connected to the signal output end, so that the first end of the secondary winding 12 is connected to the signal output end through the secondary rectifying tube D30, and is used for connecting a load; one end of the output energy storage filter capacitor C30 is connected with the signal output end of the safety isolation circuit 403, and the second end of the secondary winding 12 is grounded, so that energy storage and filtering effects can be realized.
In the flyback topology structure shown in fig. 2, when the first power switching tube Q1 is turned on, the primary winding 11 of the transformer 1 stores energy, the induced voltage of the secondary winding 12 is negative and positive, so that the secondary rectifying tube D30 on the first end of the secondary winding 12 is turned off, and energy is not transmitted to the load through the signal output end, and at this time, the current required by the load is provided by the output energy storage filter capacitor C30; when the first power switch tube Q1 is turned off, the current on the secondary winding 12 cannot be suddenly changed, and the current is continuously reduced, so that the inductive capacitance of the secondary winding 12 is positive and negative, and the secondary rectifying tube D30 is turned on, and at this time, power can be supplied to the load and the output energy storage filter capacitor C30. That is, in the flyback topology, the secondary rectifying tube D30 transmits energy to the load and the output energy storage filter capacitor C30 only when the first power switching tube Q1 is turned off, so as to charge the load and the output energy storage filter capacitor C30.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the first end and the second end of the primary winding 11 are grounded through the power switch circuit 21, and the center tap of the primary winding 11 is connected to the charging interface 402;
the power switching circuit 21 includes a first power switching transistor Q1 and a second power switching transistor Q2; the first end of the first power switch tube Q1 is connected with the first end of the primary winding 11, the first end of the second power switch tube Q2 is connected with the second end of the primary winding 11, the second end of the first power switch tube Q1 and the second end of the second power switch tube Q2 are grounded, and the control end of the first power switch tube Q1 and the control end of the second power switch tube Q2 are connected with the PWM control circuit 22;
the PWM control circuit 22 is connected to the charging interface 402, and is configured to output PWM signals to the control terminal of the second power switch Q2 and the control terminal of the second power switch Q2 according to the power supply signal input by the charging interface 402 and the feedback signal between the second terminal of the first power switch Q1 and the second terminal of the second power switch Q2, so as to control the transformer 1 to perform voltage conversion.
As an example, when the transformer 1 is in a forward topology, that is, when the transformer 1 is in a push-pull topology, the power switch circuit 21 includes a first power switch Q1 and a second power switch Q2, and first ends of the two power switch transistors are respectively connected to two ends of the primary winding 11; the second ends of the two power switching tubes are grounded; the control terminals of both power switching tubes are connected to the PWM control circuit 22. That is, the first end of the first power switch tube Q1 is connected to the first end of the primary winding 11, the first end of the second power switch tube Q2 is connected to the second end of the primary winding 11, the second end of the first power switch tube Q1 and the second end of the second power switch tube Q2 are both grounded, and the control end of the first power switch tube Q1 and the control end of the second power switch tube Q2 are both connected to the PWM control circuit 22.
When the first end and the second end of the primary winding 11 are respectively connected with the first ends of the two power switch tubes, the center tap of the primary winding 11 needs to be connected with the charging interface 402, and at this time, the primary winding 11 can be understood as a combination of the two primary windings 11, and the working process of the transformer 1 is as follows: (1) When the first power switch tube Q1 is turned on, the second power switch tube Q2 is turned off, a power supply signal input by the charging interface 402 flows to the ground through the center tap of the primary winding 11, the first end of the primary winding 11 and the first power switch tube Q1 in sequence, at the moment, the induced voltage on the secondary winding 12 is negative and positive from top to bottom, and the load is supplied with power through the rectifying and filtering circuit 3; (2) When the first power switch tube Q1 is turned off, the second power switch tube Q2 is turned on, the power supply signal input by the charging interface 402 flows to the ground through the center tap of the primary winding 11, the second end of the primary winding 11 and the second power switch tube Q2 in sequence, and at this time, the induced voltage on the secondary winding 12 is positive and negative from top to bottom, and the load is supplied with power through the rectifying and filtering circuit 3. In this example, the charging interface 402 is connected to the center tap of the primary winding 11, so that two ends of the primary winding 11 are grounded through one power switch respectively, and the two power switch tubes are alternately turned on, so that the induced voltage formed by the secondary winding 12 can supply power to the load connected to the signal output terminal. In this example, in order to save the board area, the power control circuit 2 may be pre-stabilized without isolation feedback, and the rectification filter circuit 3 may be connected to the voltage stabilizing circuit 412 to supply power to the load, so that the formed safety isolation circuit 403 may be applied to a low-power handheld device (including but not limited to a handheld ultrasonic device).
In an embodiment, the power control circuit 2 further comprises a current sampling circuit 23 and a first voltage sampling circuit 24;
a first end of the current sampling circuit 23 is connected with a second end of the first power switch tube Q1 and a second end of the second power switch tube Q2, and a second end of the current sampling circuit 23 is grounded;
a first terminal of the first voltage sampling circuit 24 is connected to a first terminal of the current sampling circuit 23, and a second terminal of the first voltage sampling circuit 24 is connected to the PWM control circuit 22.
As an example, the power control circuit 2 further includes a current sampling circuit 23, a first end of the current sampling circuit 23 is connected to the second end of the first power switch Q1 and the second end of the second power switch Q2, the second end of the current sampling circuit 23 is grounded, and when the first end of the primary winding 11 is grounded through the turned-on first power switch Q1, the current sampling circuit 23 can collect the primary current corresponding to the first end of the primary winding 11; when the second end of the primary winding 11 is grounded through the turned-on second power switch Q2, the current sampling circuit 23 may collect the primary current corresponding to the second end of the primary winding 11. In this example, the current sampling circuit 23 may be a sampling circuit formed of a single resistor, for example, the first sampling resistor R23, or may be a sampling circuit formed of a resistor combined with other components.
As an example, the power control circuit 2 further includes a first voltage sampling circuit 24, where a first end of the first voltage sampling circuit 24 is connected to a first end of the current sampling circuit 23, specifically to a second end of the first power switch Q1, a second end of the second power switch Q2, and a connection node between the current sampling circuits 23; the second end of the first voltage sampling circuit 24 is connected to the PWM control circuit 22, and can convert the primary current sampled by the current sampling circuit 23 into voltage processing, so as to collect a feedback signal formed by the voltage of the primary winding 11, output PWM signals to the control end of the second power switching tube Q2 and the control end of the second power switching tube Q2, and control the transformer 1 to perform voltage conversion.
In one embodiment, the first voltage sampling circuit 24 includes a first operational amplifier U1, a first operational amplifier resistor R241, a second operational amplifier resistor R242, and a third operational amplifier resistor R243;
a first end of the first operational resistor R241 is connected with a first end of the current sampling circuit 23, and a second end of the first operational resistor R241 is connected with a non-inverting input end of the first operational amplifier U1;
the first end of the second operational amplifier R242 is connected with the inverting input end of the first operational amplifier U1, and the second end of the second operational amplifier R242 is grounded;
The first end of the third operational amplifier resistor R243 is connected with the inverting input end of the first operational amplifier U1, and the second end of the third operational amplifier resistor R243 is connected with the output end of the first operational amplifier U1;
the output of the first operational amplifier U1 is connected to the PWM control circuit 22.
As an example, the first voltage sampling circuit 24 includes a first operational amplifier U1 and three operational amplifier resistors, which are a first operational amplifier resistor R241, a second operational amplifier resistor R242, and a third operational amplifier resistor R243, respectively. The first operational resistor R241 is disposed between the first end of the current sampling circuit 23 and the non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier U1, that is, the first end of the first operational resistor R241 is connected to the first end of the current sampling circuit 23, the second end of the first power switch Q1 and the second end of the second power switch Q2, and the second end of the second operational resistor R242 is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier U1. The second operational amplifier resistor R242 is disposed between the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier U1 and ground, i.e., the first terminal of the second operational amplifier resistor R242 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier U1, and the second terminal of the second operational amplifier resistor R242 is grounded. The third operational resistor R243 is disposed between the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the first operational amplifier U1. In this example, when the first power switch Q1 or the second power switch Q2 is turned on, the primary current flowing through the current sampling circuit 23 is converted into a voltage, and then amplified by an operational amplifier circuit formed by the first operational amplifier U1, the first operational amplifier R241, the second operational amplifier R242 and the third operational amplifier R243, wherein the amplification factor depends on the resistance values of the second operational amplifier R242 and the third operational amplifier R243, i.e. 1+r243/R242, and finally, the output terminal of the first operational amplifier U1 transmits the amplified voltage to the PWM control circuit 22, so that the PWM control circuit 22 performs the over-current protection and adjusts the duty ratio and the frequency of the power switch.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the power control circuit 2 further includes a second filter circuit 27, where the second filter circuit 27 includes a second filter resistor R27 and a second filter capacitor C27;
the first end of the second filter resistor R27 is connected with the output end of the first operational amplifier U1, and the second end of the second filter resistor R27 is connected with the PWM control circuit 22;
the first end of the second filter capacitor C27 is connected to the second end of the second filter resistor R27, and the second end of the second filter capacitor C27 is grounded.
The second filter circuit 27 is a filter circuit provided between the first voltage sampling circuit 24 and the PWM control circuit 22.
As an example, the power control circuit 2 further includes a second filter circuit 27, where the second filter circuit 27 may include a second filter resistor R27 and a second filter capacitor C27, or may be other circuits that can implement a filtering function. The first end of the second filter resistor R27 is connected with the output end of the second operational amplifier U2, and the second end of the second filter resistor R27 is connected with the PWM control circuit 22; the first end of the second filter capacitor C27 is connected to a connection node between the second end of the second filter resistor R27 and the PWM control circuit 22, and the second end of the second filter capacitor C27 is grounded, so that the second filter resistor R27 and the second filter capacitor C27 form a filter circuit, so as to perform filtering processing on a signal flowing in the filter circuit, and the filtered signal is input to the PWM control circuit 22, so as to realize overcurrent protection, and adjust the driving frequency and the duty ratio of the power switch tube.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the power control circuit 2 further includes a second voltage sampling circuit 28, where the second voltage sampling circuit 28 includes a second operational amplifier U2, a fourth operational amplifier R281, a fifth operational amplifier R282, a sixth operational amplifier R283 and a seventh operational amplifier R284;
the first end of the fourth operational amplifier resistor R281 is connected with the charging interface 402, and the second end of the fourth operational amplifier resistor R281 is connected with the non-inverting input end of the second operational amplifier U2;
the first end of the fifth operational amplifier resistor R282 is connected with the inverting input end of the second operational amplifier U2, and the second end of the fifth operational amplifier resistor R282 is grounded;
the first end of the sixth operational amplifier resistor R283 is connected with the inverting input end of the second operational amplifier U2, the second end of the sixth operational amplifier resistor R283 is connected with the output end of the second operational amplifier U2, and the output end of the second operational amplifier U2 is connected with the input end of the PWM control circuit 22;
the first end of the seventh operational amplifier resistor R284 is connected to a node between the second end of the fourth operational amplifier resistor R281 and the non-inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier U2, and the second end of the seventh operational amplifier resistor R284 is grounded.
As an example, the second voltage sampling circuit 28 includes a second operational amplifier U2 and four operational amplifier resistors, which are a fourth operational amplifier resistor R281, a fifth operational amplifier resistor R282, a sixth operational amplifier resistor R283 and a seventh operational amplifier resistor R284, respectively. The first end of the fourth operational resistor R281 is connected to the charging interface 402, and the second end of the fourth operational resistor R281 is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier U2, that is, the fourth operational resistor R281 is used to connect the charging interface 402 and the non-inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier U2. The first end of the fifth operational amplifier resistor R282 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier U2, and the second end of the fifth operational amplifier resistor R282 is grounded, i.e. the fifth operational amplifier resistor R282 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier U2 and ground. The sixth operational amplifier R283 is disposed between the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the second operational amplifier U2. The output of the second operational amplifier U2 is connected to the input of the PWM control circuit 22. In this example, when the charging interface 402 is connected to the adapter, the voltage input by the charging interface 402 is amplified by the second operational amplifier U2, the fourth operational amplifier R281, the fifth operational amplifier R282 and the sixth operational amplifier R283, the amplification factor depends on the fifth operational amplifier R282 and the sixth operational amplifier R283, i.e. 1+r283/R282, and the output end of the second operational amplifier U2 transmits the amplified voltage to the PWM control circuit 22, so that the PWM control circuit 22 performs over-current protection and adjusts the duty ratio and the frequency of the power switch tube. In this example, a seventh operational amplifier resistor R284 is further required to be disposed, a first end of the seventh operational amplifier resistor R284 is connected to a node between a second end of the fourth operational amplifier resistor R281 and a non-inverting input end of the second operational amplifier U2, and a second end of the seventh operational amplifier resistor R284 is grounded to achieve a voltage dividing effect, reduce an input voltage of the charging interface 402, and implement gain adjustment by using the fourth operational amplifier resistor R281, the fifth operational amplifier resistor R282, the sixth operational amplifier resistor R283 and the seventh operational amplifier resistor R284, so as to ensure an amplifying effect of the input voltage.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the third filter circuit 29 includes a third filter resistor R29 and a third filter capacitor C29;
the first end of the third filter resistor R29 is connected with the output end of the second operational amplifier U2, and the second end of the third filter resistor R29 is connected with the PWM control circuit 22;
the first end of the third filter capacitor C29 is connected to the second end of the third filter resistor R29, and the second end of the third filter capacitor C29 is grounded.
The third filter circuit is a filter circuit provided between the second voltage sampling circuit 28 and the PWM control circuit 22.
As an example, the power control circuit 2 further includes a third filter circuit, which may include a third filter resistor R29 and a third filter capacitor C29, or may be other circuits that can implement a filtering function. The first end of the third filter resistor R29 is connected with the output end of the second operational amplifier U2, and the second end of the third filter resistor R29 is connected with the PWM control circuit 22; the first end of the third filter capacitor C29 is connected to the second end of the third filter resistor R29, and the second end of the third filter capacitor C29 is grounded, so that a filter circuit is formed between the third filter circuit and the third filter capacitor C29, so as to filter signals flowing in the filter circuit, and the filtered signals are input to the PWM control circuit 22 for implementing overcurrent protection, and the driving frequency and the duty ratio of the power switch tube are adjusted.
In one embodiment, the rectifying and filtering circuit 3 includes a full-bridge rectifying circuit and an output energy-storage filtering capacitor C30;
the full-bridge rectifying circuit comprises a first rectifying tube D31, a second rectifying tube D32, a third rectifying tube D33 and a fourth rectifying tube D34, wherein the first rectifying tube D31 and the second rectifying tube D32 are connected in series to form a first bridge arm, the third rectifying tube D33 and the fourth rectifying tube D34 are connected in series to form a second bridge arm, the cathode of the first rectifying tube D31 and the cathode of the third rectifying tube D33 are connected in common and are connected with a signal output end, the anode of the second rectifying tube D32 and the anode of the fourth rectifying tube D34 are connected in common and are grounded, the midpoint of the first bridge arm is connected with the first end of the secondary winding 12, and the midpoint of the second bridge arm is connected with the second end of the secondary winding 12;
the first end of the output energy storage filter capacitor C30 is connected with the signal output end, and the second end of the output energy storage filter capacitor C30 is grounded.
As an example, when the power switch circuit 21 includes the first power switch Q1 and the second power switch Q2, the first power switch Q1 and the second power switch Q2 are alternately turned on, a full-bridge rectifying circuit needs to be connected to the second end of the secondary winding 12, where the full-bridge rectifying circuit includes a first rectifying tube D31, a second rectifying tube D32, a third rectifying tube D33 and a fourth rectifying tube D34, the first rectifying tube D31 and the second rectifying tube D32 are connected in series to form a first bridge arm, the third rectifying tube D33 is connected in series with the fourth rectifying tube D34 to form a second bridge arm, the cathode of the first rectifying tube D31 and the cathode of the third rectifying tube D33 are connected in common and connected to the signal output end, the anode of the second rectifying tube D32 and the anode of the fourth rectifying tube D34 are connected in common and grounded, the midpoint of the first rectifying tube is connected to the first end of the secondary winding 12, and the midpoint of the second rectifying tube is connected to the second end of the secondary winding 12; when the first power switch tube Q1 is turned on and the second power switch tube Q2 is turned off, a power supply signal input by the charging interface 402 flows to the ground through the primary winding 11 and the first power switch tube Q1, the induced voltage of the secondary winding 12 is positive from top to bottom, the induced voltage is rectified through a full-bridge rectifying circuit, and the power supply is performed to a load connected with a signal output end after the power supply signal is filtered through the output energy storage filter capacitor C30; when the first power switch Q1 is turned off and the second power switch Q2 is turned on, a power supply signal input by the charging interface 402 flows to the ground through the primary winding 11 and the second power switch Q2, the induced voltage of the secondary winding 12 is positive and negative from top to bottom, the induced voltage is rectified by the full-bridge rectifying circuit, and is filtered by the output energy storage filter capacitor C30, and then the power is supplied to a load connected to the signal output end of the safety isolation circuit 403. One end of the output energy storage filter capacitor C30 is connected with the signal output end, and the second end of the secondary winding 12 is grounded, so that energy storage and filtering effects can be realized.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the safety isolation circuit 403 includes an input tank filter capacitor C21, a first end of the input tank filter capacitor C21 is connected to the charging interface 402, and a second end of the input tank filter capacitor C21 is grounded.
As an example, the safety isolation circuit 403 further includes an input energy storage filter capacitor C21, where one end of the input energy storage filter capacitor C21 is connected to the charging interface 402, and the other end is grounded to perform energy storage filtering on the input end where the charging interface 402 is located, so as to not only provide energy during transient load, but also prevent signal interference.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, a switching power supply module 4 is provided, where the switching power supply module 4 includes a substrate 401, a charging interface 402 disposed on the substrate 401, a safety isolation circuit 403, an adapter detection circuit 404, a charge/discharge control circuit 405, a main switch circuit 406, a switch control circuit 408, and a main control chip 407 in the above embodiment;
one end of the safety isolation circuit 403 is connected with the charging interface 402, and the other end of the safety isolation circuit 403 is connected with the charging and discharging control circuit 405;
the adapter detection circuit 404 is disposed between the safety isolation circuit 403 and the charge/discharge control circuit 405, and is configured to output an adapter detection state;
A first end of the main switch circuit 406 is connected with the charge-discharge control circuit 405, a second end of the main switch circuit 406 is used for connecting a load, and a control end of the main switch circuit 406 is connected with the switch control circuit 408;
the main control chip 407 is connected to the adapter detection circuit 404, the charge/discharge control circuit 405 and the switch control circuit 408, and is used for controlling the charge/discharge control circuit 405 and the switch control circuit 408 to work according to the adapter detection state.
As an example, when an adapter is plugged into the charging interface 402, the charging interface 402 may receive a power signal input by the adapter, and pass the power signal through the safety isolation circuit 403, such that the safety isolation circuit 403 outputs 5V or other regulated voltage. The adapter detection circuit 404 is connected to the output of the safety isolation circuit 403, and can determine whether an adapter is inserted into the charging interface 402 according to whether a 5V or other stable power supply signal is detected, so as to obtain an adapter detection state, where the adapter detection state includes an adapter insertion state and an adapter non-insertion state. The main switch circuit 406 is disposed between the charge/discharge control circuit 405 and the load, the control end of the main switch circuit 406 is connected to the switch control circuit 408, the switch control circuit 408 is connected to not only the switch key, but also the main control chip 407 disposed in the switch power module 4, and the main switch circuit 406 can be controlled to be turned on or off according to the control signal SHDN output by the switch key and/or the main control chip 407, so as to determine whether the load needs to be powered through the adapter.
When the adapter is plugged into the charging interface 402, for example, when the adapter supplies power to the handheld probe or other loads through the type_c charging interface 402, a power supply signal received by the charging interface 402 outputs 5V or other stable power supply signals through the safety isolation circuit 403; when detecting 5V or other stable power supply signals, the adapter detection circuit 404 can determine that the adapter detection state is an adapter insertion state, the adapter insertion state is sent to the main control chip 407 (i.e. a singlechip arranged on the substrate 401), the main control chip 407 can control the charge and discharge control circuit 405 to charge a battery, and when a user presses a switch key connected with the switch control circuit 408, the main control chip 407 drives the switch control circuit 408 to work so as to drive the main switch circuit 406 to be conducted, so that the adapter can supply power to a handheld probe or other loads, the power supply signals output by the adapter can meet the security of isolation and voltage resistance, and when the handheld probe or other loads are not powered, the adapter can be inserted for continuous use. It will be appreciated that the charging interface 402 may be adapted to a variety of different output voltage adapters, such as, but not limited to, those used in cell phones, tablets and notebook computers, to power hand held probes or other loads.
When the adapter is not connected to the charging interface 402, the adapter detection circuit 404 may determine that the adapter detection state is an adapter non-insertion state when it does not detect 5V or other stable power supply signals, and send the adapter non-insertion state to the main control chip 407; when a user presses a switch button connected to the switch control circuit 408, the main control chip 407 may control the main switch circuit 406 to be turned on, and control the charge/discharge control circuit 405 to operate, so that the battery may supply power to a handheld probe or other load connected to the main switch circuit 406.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the switching power supply module 4 further includes a wireless charging sensor 409 and a wireless charging control circuit 410 disposed on the substrate 401;
one end of the wireless charging control circuit 410 is connected with the wireless charging sensor 409, and the other end of the wireless charging control circuit 410 is connected with the charging and discharging control circuit 405;
the main control chip 407 is connected to the wireless charging control circuit 410, and is configured to control the main switch circuit 406 and the charging/discharging control circuit 405 to operate according to the induction signal transmitted by the wireless charging control circuit 410.
As an example, when the handheld probe or other load including the switch power module 4 is placed on the wireless charging board, the wireless charging sensor 409 outputs an induction signal to the wireless charging control circuit 410, and after the wireless charging control circuit 410 receives the induction signal, the induction signal is sent to the main control chip 407, so that after the main control chip 407 receives the induction signal, the main switch circuit 406 is controlled to be turned off, so that the handheld probe or other load is powered off to stop working, and the charging and discharging control circuit 405 is controlled to work, so as to realize wireless charging.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the switching power supply module 4 further includes a power supply selection circuit 411, and the power supply selection circuit 411 is disposed between the safety isolation circuit 403 and the charge/discharge control circuit 405;
the main control chip 407 is connected to the power supply selection circuit 411, and is used for the power supply selection circuit 411 to work and switch to an adapter charging state or a wireless charging state.
As an example, the switching power supply module 4 further includes a power supply selection circuit 411, and the power supply selection circuit 411 is disposed between the safety isolation circuit 403 and the charge/discharge control circuit 405 and connected to the main control chip 407; when the adapter is plugged into the charging interface 402 and/or the switching power supply module 4 is placed on the wireless charging board, the main control chip 407 can control the power supply selection circuit 411 to be turned off according to preset control logic so as to switch into a wireless charging state; or the power supply selection circuit 411 is controlled to be turned on to switch into the adapter charge state.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the switching power supply module 4 further includes a voltage stabilizing circuit 412, where one end of the voltage stabilizing circuit 412 is connected to the main switching circuit 406, and the other end is used to connect to a load.
As an example, the switching power supply module 4 further includes a voltage stabilizing circuit 412 disposed at one end of the main switching circuit 406, and the other end of the voltage stabilizing circuit 412 is used to connect to a handheld probe or other load to ensure voltage stability of the output to the load. The voltage stabilizing circuit 412 may be, but not limited to, DCDC, LDO, and may be determined autonomously according to practical situations, so long as it is ensured that the voltage stabilizing effect is satisfied. In this example, after the power supply signal output by the main switch circuit 406 is converted by DCDC/LDO, power can be supplied to the following FPGA WiFi BLE and the ultrasonic front-end transmitting circuit, so as to be converted into controllable high voltage required by the FPGA WiFi BLE and the ultrasonic front-end transmitting circuit, and supply power to the handheld probe and other loads.
In one embodiment, a handheld ultrasonic device is provided that includes the switching power supply module 4 of the above embodiment and a handheld probe connected to the switching power supply module 4.
When the above-mentioned well handheld ultrasonic equipment is, the transformer 1 in above-mentioned embodiment is built in to its switching power supply module 4, and when inserting the adapter and supplying power, the voltage signal that transformer 1 output is carried out and is satisfied medical standard's isolation withstand voltage effect after rectifying and filtering to reach when connecting the adapter, still can carry out the purpose of scanning and using. Since the transformer 1 in the above embodiment includes at least two shielding magnetic cores disposed on the PCB board, the shielding magnetic cores can electromagnetically shield the primary winding 11 and the secondary winding 12 disposed in the gaps of the magnetic screen, so as to avoid interference of the signal on other signals transmitted in the application environment, and further ensure the isolation voltage-resistant effect of the safety isolation circuit 403.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (25)
1. The transformer is characterized by being arranged on a PCB and comprising a magnetic core assembly, and a primary winding and a secondary winding which are formed by winding a PCB wire;
the magnetic core assembly comprises at least two shielding magnetic cores arranged on the PCB, and a magnetic screen gap is formed between two adjacent shielding magnetic cores;
the primary winding and the secondary winding are arranged on the PCB corresponding to the magnetic screen gap, the primary winding is used for connecting a charging interface and a power control circuit, and the secondary winding is used for connecting a rectifying and filtering circuit.
2. The transformer of claim 1, wherein the core assembly comprises a first shielding core and two second shielding cores, the first shielding core being positioned between the two second shielding cores to form two magnetic shield gaps;
the primary winding and the secondary winding are arranged on the PCB corresponding to the gaps of the two magnetic screens.
3. The transformer of claim 2, wherein the first shielding core and the second shielding core are flat shielding cores.
4. The transformer of claim 1, wherein the transformer further comprises connection traces;
The PCB comprises a first circuit board and a second circuit board which are arranged in a stacked manner, and wiring through holes are formed in the second circuit board;
the primary winding and/or the secondary winding are/is a single coil, the single coil is arranged on the first circuit board, the connecting wiring is arranged on the second circuit board, and two ends of the single coil are respectively connected with one connecting wiring through the wiring via holes.
5. The transformer of claim 1, wherein the transformer further comprises connection traces;
the PCB comprises a first circuit board and a second circuit board which are arranged in a stacked manner, and wiring through holes are formed in the second circuit board;
the primary winding and/or the secondary winding are/is combined coils, each combined coil comprises at least two coil sections and at least one coil wire, the coil sections and the connecting wires are arranged on the first circuit board, and the coil wires are arranged on the second circuit board; the tail ends of the first coil section and the tail coil section are respectively connected with one connecting wire; the tail ends of two adjacent coil sections are respectively connected with the two ends of one coil wire through the wire passing through holes.
6. A safety isolation circuit comprising the transformer of any one of claims 1-5, a power control circuit, and a rectifying and filtering circuit;
the primary winding of the transformer is connected with the charging interface and the power control circuit;
the secondary winding of the transformer is connected with the rectifying and filtering circuit;
the power control circuit is used for controlling the transformer to perform voltage conversion according to the power supply signal input by the charging interface, and outputting the converted voltage signal to the rectifying and filtering circuit to perform rectifying and filtering.
7. The safety isolation circuit of claim 6, wherein the power control circuit comprises a power switching circuit and a PWM control circuit;
the first end of the power switch circuit is connected with the primary winding, and the second end of the power switch circuit is grounded;
the PWM control circuit is connected with the charging interface, the primary winding and the control end of the power switch circuit and is used for outputting PWM signals to the control end of the power switch circuit according to the power supply signals input by the charging interface and the feedback signals corresponding to the primary winding and controlling the transformer to perform voltage conversion.
8. The safety isolation circuit of claim 7, wherein a first end of the primary winding is connected to the charging interface and a second end of the primary winding is grounded through the power switching circuit;
the power switching circuit comprises a first power switching tube, a first end of the first power switching tube is connected with a second end of the primary winding, a second end of the first power switching tube is grounded, and a control end of the first power switching tube is connected with the PWM control circuit;
the PWM control circuit is connected with the charging interface and the primary winding and is used for outputting PWM signals to the control end of the first power switch tube according to the power supply signals input by the charging interface and the feedback signals corresponding to the primary winding and controlling the transformer to perform voltage conversion.
9. The safety isolation circuit of claim 8, wherein the power control circuit further comprises a current sampling circuit and a first voltage sampling circuit;
the current sampling circuit is arranged between the second end of the first power switch tube and the ground and is used for collecting primary peak current corresponding to the primary winding when the first power switch tube is conducted;
The first voltage sampling circuit is arranged between the first end of the first power switch tube and the second end of the primary winding and is used for collecting primary turn-off voltage corresponding to the primary winding when the first power switch tube is turned off;
the PWM control circuit is connected with the current sampling circuit and the first voltage sampling circuit and is used for outputting PWM signals to the control end of the first power switch tube according to the primary peak current and the primary turn-off voltage and controlling the transformer to perform voltage conversion.
10. The safety isolation circuit of claim 9, wherein the current sampling circuit comprises a first sampling resistor, a first end of the first sampling resistor is connected with a second end of the first power switch tube and the PWM control circuit, and a second end of the first sampling resistor is grounded;
the first voltage sampling circuit comprises a second sampling resistor, a first end of the second sampling resistor is connected with a connecting node between the first end of the first power switch tube and the second end of the primary winding, and a second end of the second sampling resistor is grounded.
11. The safety isolation circuit of claim 8, wherein the power control circuit further comprises an absorption circuit;
The first end of the absorption circuit is connected with a connecting node between the first end of the first power switch tube and the second end of the primary winding; the second end of the absorption circuit is connected with the charging interface.
12. The safety isolation circuit of claim 11, wherein the snubber circuit comprises a snubber diode, a snubber resistor, and a snubber capacitor;
the anode of the absorption diode is connected with a connecting node between the second end of the primary winding and the first end of the first power switch tube;
the first end of the absorption resistor is connected with the cathode of the absorption diode, and the second end of the absorption resistor is connected with the charging interface;
the first end of the absorption capacitor is connected with the cathode of the absorption diode, and the second end of the absorption capacitor is connected with the charging interface.
13. The safety isolation circuit of claim 7, wherein the power control circuit further comprises a current limiting resistor and a decoupling capacitor;
the first end of the current limiting resistor is connected with the charging interface, and the second end of the current limiting resistor is connected with the input end of the PWM control circuit;
the first end of the decoupling capacitor is connected with the input end of the PWM control circuit, and the second end of the decoupling capacitor is grounded.
14. A safety isolation circuit as claimed in any of claims 8 to 13, wherein a first end of the secondary winding is connected to the rectifying and filtering circuit and a second end of the secondary winding is grounded;
the rectifying and filtering circuit comprises a secondary rectifying tube and an output energy storage filtering capacitor;
the anode of the secondary rectifying tube is connected with the first end of the secondary winding, and the cathode of the secondary rectifying tube is connected with the signal output end;
one end of the output energy storage filter capacitor is connected with the signal output end, and the second end of the secondary winding is grounded.
15. The safety isolation circuit of claim 7, wherein the first and second ends of the primary winding are both grounded through the power switching circuit, a center tap of the primary winding being connected to the charging interface;
the power switching circuit comprises a first power switching tube and a second power switching tube; the first end of the first power switch tube is connected with the first end of the primary winding, the first end of the second power switch tube is connected with the second end of the primary winding, the second end of the first power switch tube and the second end of the second power switch tube are grounded, and the control end of the first power switch tube and the control end of the second power switch tube are connected with the PWM control circuit;
The PWM control circuit is connected with the charging interface and is used for outputting PWM signals to the control end of the second power switch tube and the control end of the second power switch tube according to the power supply signals input by the charging interface and the feedback signals between the second end of the first power switch tube and the second end of the second power switch tube, and controlling the transformer to perform voltage conversion.
16. The safety isolation circuit of claim 15, wherein the power control circuit further comprises a current sampling circuit and a first voltage sampling circuit;
the first end of the current sampling circuit is connected with the second end of the first power switch tube and the second end of the second power switch tube, and the second end of the current sampling circuit is grounded;
the first end of the first voltage sampling circuit is connected with the first end of the current sampling circuit, and the second end of the first voltage sampling circuit is connected with the PWM control circuit.
17. The safety isolation circuit of claim 16, wherein the first voltage sampling circuit comprises a first operational amplifier, a first operational amplifier resistor, a second operational amplifier resistor, and a third operational amplifier resistor;
The first end of the first operational amplifier resistor is connected with the first end of the current sampling circuit, and the second end of the first operational amplifier resistor is connected with the non-inverting input end of the first operational amplifier;
the first end of the second operational amplifier resistor is connected with the inverting input end of the first operational amplifier, and the second end of the second operational amplifier resistor is grounded;
the first end of the third operational amplifier resistor is connected with the inverting input end of the first operational amplifier, and the second end of the third operational amplifier resistor is connected with the output end of the first operational amplifier;
the output end of the first operational amplifier is connected with the PWM control circuit.
18. The safety isolation circuit of claim 15, wherein the power control circuit further comprises a second voltage sampling circuit comprising a second operational amplifier, a fourth operational amplifier resistor, a fifth operational amplifier resistor, a sixth operational amplifier resistor, and a seventh operational amplifier resistor;
the first end of the fourth operational amplifier resistor is connected with the charging interface, and the second end of the fourth operational amplifier resistor is connected with the non-inverting input end of the second operational amplifier;
the first end of the fifth operational amplifier resistor is connected with the inverting input end of the second operational amplifier, and the second end of the fifth operational amplifier resistor is grounded;
The first end of the sixth operational amplifier resistor is connected with the inverting input end of the second operational amplifier, the second end of the sixth operational amplifier resistor is connected with the output end of the second operational amplifier, and the output end of the second operational amplifier is connected with the input end of the PWM control circuit;
the first end of the seventh operational amplifier resistor is connected with a node between the second end of the fourth operational amplifier resistor and the non-inverting input end of the second operational amplifier, and the second end of the seventh operational amplifier resistor is grounded.
19. The safety isolation circuit of any of claims 15-18, wherein the rectifying and filtering circuit comprises a full bridge rectifying circuit and an output energy storage and filtering capacitor;
the full-bridge rectifying circuit comprises a first rectifying tube, a second rectifying tube, a third rectifying tube and a fourth rectifying tube, wherein the first rectifying tube and the second rectifying tube are connected in series to form a first bridge arm, the third rectifying tube and the fourth rectifying tube are connected in series to form a second bridge arm, the cathode of the first rectifying tube and the cathode of the third rectifying tube are connected in common and are connected with the signal output end, the anode of the second rectifying tube and the anode of the fourth rectifying tube are connected in common and are grounded, the middle point of the first bridge arm is connected with the first end of the secondary winding, and the middle point of the second bridge arm is connected with the second end of the secondary winding;
The first end of the output energy storage filter capacitor is connected with the signal output end, and the second end of the output energy storage filter capacitor is grounded.
20. The safety isolation circuit of claim 7, wherein the safety isolation circuit comprises an input tank filter capacitor, a first end of the input tank filter capacitor being connected to the charging interface, a second end of the input tank filter capacitor being grounded.
21. A switching power supply module, comprising a substrate, a charging interface arranged on the substrate, the safety isolation circuit of any one of claims 6-20, an adapter detection circuit, a charge-discharge control circuit, a main switch circuit, a switch control circuit and a main control chip;
one end of the safety isolation circuit is connected with the charging interface, and the other end of the safety isolation circuit is connected with the charging and discharging control circuit;
the adapter detection circuit is arranged between the safety isolation circuit and the charge-discharge control circuit and is used for outputting an adapter detection state;
the first end of the main switch circuit is connected with the charge-discharge control circuit, the second end of the main switch circuit is used for connecting a load, and the control end of the main switch circuit is connected with the switch control circuit;
The main control chip is connected with the adapter detection circuit, the charge-discharge control circuit and the switch control circuit and used for controlling the charge-discharge control circuit and the switch control circuit to work according to the adapter detection state.
22. The switching power supply module of claim 21 further comprising a wireless charging sensor and a wireless charging control circuit disposed on said substrate;
one end of the wireless charging control circuit is connected with the wireless charging sensor, and the other end of the wireless charging control circuit is connected with the charging and discharging control circuit;
the main control chip is connected with the wireless charging control circuit and is used for controlling the main switch circuit and the charging and discharging control circuit to work according to the induction signals transmitted by the wireless charging control circuit.
23. The switching power supply module of claim 21 further comprising a power supply selection circuit disposed between said safety isolation circuit and said charge-discharge control circuit;
the main control chip is connected with the power supply selection circuit and used for switching the power supply selection circuit to enter the adapter charging state or the wireless charging state.
24. The switching power supply module of claim 21 further comprising a voltage regulator circuit having one end connected to said main switching circuit and another end for connection to a load.
25. A hand-held ultrasound device comprising the switching power supply module of any one of claims 21-24 and a hand-held probe coupled to the switching power supply module.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310995545.XA CN116705474B (en) | 2023-08-09 | 2023-08-09 | Transformer, safety isolation circuit, switching power supply module and handheld ultrasonic equipment |
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| CN202310995545.XA CN116705474B (en) | 2023-08-09 | 2023-08-09 | Transformer, safety isolation circuit, switching power supply module and handheld ultrasonic equipment |
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| CN116705474A true CN116705474A (en) | 2023-09-05 |
| CN116705474B CN116705474B (en) | 2024-03-12 |
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| CN116705474B (en) | 2024-03-12 |
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