CN116703233A - Moderately degenerated reed salinized meadow grazing forbidden recovery effect evaluation method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a moderately degenerated reed salinized meadow grazing inhibition effect evaluation method, which takes acceptable variation ranges determined by a plurality of ecological reference sites as a measurement standard of ecological reference, and determines the meadow inhibition effect by comparing the differences of meadow plant community structures, reed functional characters and soil physical and chemical properties of pastures in a pastures inhibition area and an ecological reference area. The recovery condition of the structure and the function of the moderately degenerated reed type salinized meadow ecosystem can be objectively evaluated by integrating plant productivity, functional characters, community structures and soil physicochemical properties, and the sufficiency, accuracy and practicability of the evaluation of the moderately degenerated reed type salinized meadow grazing forbidden recovery effect are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of evaluation of grazing-forbidden recovery effects of reed-type salinized meadows, and particularly relates to a moderately degenerated reed-type salinized meadow grazing-forbidden recovery effect evaluation method.
Background
The reed salinized meadow of the quasi-Song basin is an important arid area camel production base in China and is an important ecological safety barrier for the agriculture and animal husbandry staggered zone in China and northwest China, and has remarkable ecological and production functions, but in recent decades, the reed salinized meadow of the quasi-Song basin is subject to large-area degradation, desertification and salinization due to the reasons of land reclamation, excessive grazing, unreasonable development and utilization of water resources, climate change and the like, and the trend is restrained in recent years, but the degradation situation is still severe in general.
The grazing inhibition is an important measure for recovering the moderately degraded grassland near nature and is widely applied at home and abroad. The recovery effect depends on the length of the grazing inhibition period, the short-term grazing inhibition cannot achieve the best effect of recovering the stability and the multifunction of the grassland ecological system, part of interference-resistant plants can be reduced due to lack of interference, the interference-resistant plants rapidly occupy the dominant ecological niches, the species diversity is obviously reduced, the plant community structure is single, the ecological system tends to be in an unstable state, the grass community nutrition structure, the productivity and the like can be influenced, the healthy development of the ecological system and the grass husbandry is not facilitated, and serious impact is brought to the ecological, social and economic development of arid pasture areas.
At present, most researches take a single area nearby as a healthy control, take plant productivity and physical, chemical and biological properties of soil as main measures, evaluate the recovery effect of the plants under the forbidden grazing condition, and for evaluating the grassland recovery effect taking reed which is a species with great variability along with the environment as a colonisation seed or a dominant species, a multi-reference system, plant functional properties and the like should be also included in a grassland recovery evaluation system. The multi-reference area system can solve the practical problem that an ideal reference area cannot be found nearby, the plant functional characteristics can intuitively reflect the vegetation health condition from multiple functional angles such as nutrient circulation, energy flow and the like, not only productivity, but also can help us to evaluate the grassland restoration effect more fully and comprehensively, but the understanding and application of the prior research in this aspect are insufficient. The invention aims to bring the multi-reference area and reed functional characters into a grassland recovery evaluation system based on the previous research so as to improve the sufficiency, accuracy and practicability of the evaluation of the moderately degenerated reed salinized meadow grazing recovery effect.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a moderately degenerated reed salinized meadow grazing inhibition recovery effect evaluation method, which solves the problems that an ideal reference area cannot be found nearby and the meadow recovery effect is inconvenient to evaluate fully and comprehensively.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a moderately degenerated reed salinized meadow grazing inhibition effect evaluation method comprises the following steps:
s1: the method comprises the steps of finishing a data set comprising indexes of vegetation coverage, aboveground biomass, species richness, reed leaf area, reed leaf C: N, root length, soil water content, pH, organic matters, total salt, and the like by comprehensively considering differences of soil types, ecosystem positions, climate conditions and vegetation compositions, selecting a plurality of similar reference areas from reed-type salinized meadow resource investigation data sets of nearly 3 years by using a random sampling method, and calculating an acceptable variation range of related indexes in the data set by using a median unbiased estimation sample quantile method as comparison data;
s2: reed salinized meadows with degradation of southern elevation of the Songal basin in Xinjiang with a range of 368-810 m are respectively subjected to community investigation of vegetation coverage, aboveground biomass, species richness and the like in the salinized meadows with different grazing forbidden years by using a sample method in the ten days of 7 months, and functional property investigation of single leaf area, single leaf dry mass, leaf C content, leaf N content, root length per unit volume, root mass and the like of the reed, and soil water content, pH, organic matters, total salt and microorganism sampling investigation are carried out;
s3: using a Bayesian model, taking the grazing age as a single classification factor, a unique fixing effect and weak information defaults a priori, calculating 13 indexes such as soil water content, pH, organic matters and the like and a 95% credible interval of the indexes by using the modeling method, and analyzing whether the grassland recovery effects of different grazing ages are different or not.
S4: when the biological expression of the grazing-forbidden reed salinized meadow is within an acceptable variation range determined by a plurality of reference sites, namely, a good recovery effect is achieved, and the grazing forbidden reed salinized meadow is released.
Preferably, the median unbiased estimation sample quantile method in S1 is to select a plurality of similar reference areas from reed-type salinized meadow resource survey data sets in recent 3 years by using a random sampling method, evaluate an acceptable minimum value and a maximum value, and take 80% of the trusted area as an acceptable variation range, and use the acceptable minimum value and the maximum value as healthy reed-type salinized meadow data, and the formula is as follows:
wherein: the data is based on an independent set of observations { X1 … Xk … … Xn }, pk being the position of a given percentile X (k) relative to the center.
Preferably, the resource investigation data set in the step S1 comprises investigation vegetation coverage, aboveground biomass and species richness, reed single leaf area, single leaf dry mass, leaf C content, leaf N content, root length per unit volume and root mass, soil water content, pH, organic matters and total salt, the sample preparation method in the step S2 comprises dividing a grazing-forbidden sample area into 5 groups, each group is provided with 5 sample preparation sides according to the arrangement, and the specification of the sample preparation sides is 2m multiplied by 2m in width.
Preferably, the plant functional property index in S2 includes: the area of single leaf, the dry mass of single leaf, the content of leaf C and N, the length of root per unit volume and the mass of root per unit volume of reed are all measured by adopting a conventional method.
Preferably, the soil physicochemical index to which S3 belongs includes: the water content, pH, organic matter and total salt of the soil are all measured by conventional methods.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
and taking the acceptable variation ranges determined by the ecological reference sites as a measurement standard of ecological reference, and determining the effect of grassland restoration by comparing the differences of grassland plant community structures, reed functional characters and soil physical and chemical properties of the pasture forbidden grasslands and the ecological reference areas. The evaluation method for neglecting the comparison of multiple reference areas and the characterization of the plant functional characteristics only according to productivity and soil physicochemical properties is improved;
the concept of 'multi-reference area determination acceptable variation range' introduced by the method overcomes the defect that the prior evaluation method cannot adapt to the dynamic property of an ecological system and ignores a series of potential recovery results, avoids unfavorable recovery results caused by excessive dysmorphism and shortterm recovery targets, and also acknowledges the reality that the ecological system composition, structure and function, interference, hysteresis and interaction mechanism are incompletely understood,
at the same time, recognizing and accepting the phenomenon that abnormal values or extreme values may exist in the investigation practice sample data; the introduction of the index of the reed functional character makes up the defect of lack of the related functional index of the aboveground ecological process in the evaluation system, and can help us to comprehensively evaluate the grazing effect more objectively and comprehensively.
The method integrates plant productivity and functional characters, community structures and soil physicochemical properties, can objectively evaluate the recovery condition of the structure and the function of the moderately degenerated reed type salinized meadow ecological system, and improves the sufficiency, the accuracy and the practicability of the evaluation of the forbidden pasture recovery effect of the moderately degenerated reed type salinized meadow.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a process flow of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a moderately degenerated reed salinized meadow grazing inhibition recovery effect evaluation method, which comprises the following steps: (1) Based on a resource investigation data set of the southern-edge reed salinized meadow of the Xinjiang Pascal basin, calculating an acceptable change range of related indexes in the data set by adopting a median unbiased estimation quantity sample quantile method as comparison data;
(2) Reed salinized meadows degraded at the south-edge elevation of the Songng basin in Xinjiang with 368-810 m are respectively subjected to community investigation of vegetation coverage, aboveground biomass, species richness and the like by using a sample method in the 10 th ten days of 7 months, functional property investigation of reed single leaf area, single leaf dry mass, leaf C content, leaf N content, root length per unit volume, root mass and the like, and soil water content, pH, organic matters, total salt and microorganism sampling investigation;
(3) Using a Bayesian model, taking the forbidden age as a single classification factor and a unique fixed effect, and defaulting weak information to be priori; 13 indexes such as soil water content, pH, organic matters and the like are calculated by using the modeling method, 95% credible intervals are obtained after the indexes, and whether the grassland recovery effects of different grazing inhibition years are different is analyzed.
(4) When the biological expression of the grazing-forbidden reed salinized meadow is within an acceptable variation range determined by a plurality of reference sites, namely a good recovery effect is achieved, the grazing forbidden reed salinized meadow can be relieved.
When the target pasture forbidden plot and the ecological reference area plot are selected, the pasture forbidden plot is preferably selected according to actual demands, a plurality of healthy pastures with similar habitat and same pasture type are selected in a large scale range for comprehensive evaluation, and finally an acceptable relative healthy change range is calculated according to a plurality of reference site data to serve as ecological reference data.
The invention utilizes a sample method to conduct community and soil investigation, the sample method preferably comprises the steps of dividing a forbidden pasture and a healthy grassland into 5 treatments, arranging 5 sample sides according to a 5-point method, wherein the specification of the sample sides is 2m multiplied by 2m; the indicators of the community investigation preferably include: vegetation coverage, aboveground biomass, species abundance. Randomly taking 10 reeds (50 plants are taken in total in each treatment area and 150 plants are taken in the test area) in each granule, collecting whole plants from underground 1m to overground part by adopting an excavating method, separating root systems from overground plants, collecting 2 complete leaves with medium leaf ages on each individual, respectively scanning and analyzing the area of a single leaf by using a leaf area analyzer system, putting a leaf sample into an oven, baking at 80 ℃ for 48 hours to constant weight, immediately weighing the dry mass of the single leaf by using a ten-thousandth balance after cooling, and calculating the specific leaf area; measuring the concentration of leaf N by a potassium dichromate capacity method-external heating method, a semi-trace Kelvin method and a sodium bicarbonate leaching-molybdenum-antimony anti-spectrophotometry method, measuring the content of leaf C by a potassium dichromate-sulfuric acid oxidation method, and calculating the content of leaf C to N; respectively scanning root systems of all sections by using a root system analysis system, measuring root length of unit volume, drying a root system sample for 48 hours at 80 ℃ by using an oven to constant weight, then weighing dry weight, and calculating root length by using the ratio of root length to mass; and (3) drilling surface soil with the diameter of 5cm by using an earth auger, uniformly mixing the soil with 5 sample sides in the same treatment to obtain 1 part of soil sample, and taking the soil with the diameter of 0-20cm back to a laboratory by using a self-sealing bag to detect related physical and chemical indexes.
The method adopts a Bayesian model posterior 95% trusted interval to analyze whether the grassland recovery effects of different grazing prohibition years are different. And carrying out differential analysis on plant community structures of the pasture forbidding land and the healthy land.
Experiments are carried out by taking a middle-degree degraded reed-type salinized meadow with the average altitude of 370 meters as an example in the wall county plain area of the southern edge call plot of the quasi-Souguary basin of the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, and it is proved that the species diversity of the reed-type salinized meadow is not significantly different from that of the ecological reference area (p > 0.05) for 6 years after grazing forbidden, and the relative physicochemical indexes of the soil reach the acceptable change range of the ecological reference area, and the productivity of the ecological reference area (healthy grassland) is not reached for less than 3 years after grazing forbidden and 10 years after grazing forbidden, so that the middle-degree degraded reed-type salinized meadow is good in recovery effect after 6 years of grazing forbidden can be determined, and the grazing forbidden can be relieved. The grazing is prohibited for 6-10 years and a trend of re-degradation from the recovery peak is experienced.
The method for evaluating the grazing-forbidden recovery effect of the moderately degenerated reed-type salinized meadow provided by the invention is described in detail below with reference to examples, but is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Region: the southern edge of the Uygur autonomous region in Xinjiang calls the Tujia county plain region, and the average altitude is 370 meters.
Sample selection: and selecting moderately degenerated reed salinized meadows with different grazing prohibition years, including salinized meadows with grazing prohibition for less than 5 years, grazing prohibition for 6 years and grazing prohibition for more than 10 years and typical healthy reed salinized meadows in the area.
Index investigation: in 2021 and 2022 productivity peak (7 middle ten days), the sample method is adopted to divide the forbidden plot and the ecological reference area (healthy grassland) into 5 groups, 5 sample squares with the size of 2 mm and 2 mm are arranged in each group by a 5-point method, community investigation is carried out, and the plant coverage, the aboveground biomass and the species number are measured by species division. The results show that the vegetation coverage of the ecological reference area (healthy grassland) is 25% -65%, and the aboveground biomass is 185-317 g/m 2 The species abundance is 10-16, the leaf area of reed is 8.57-8.82, and leaf C is 19.18-21.13, and the leaf C is 6.41-8.62, the water content of the soil is 55g/kg-164g/kg, the pH of the soil is 8.27-8.88, the organic matters of the soil are 32-96 g/kg, and the total salt of the soil is 1506-2590us/cm.
Grazing forbidden for 6 years: the vegetation coverage is 35% -60%, and the aboveground biomass is 185-317 g/m 2 The species abundance is 8-13, the leaf area of reed is 8.67, the leaf C is 20.11, the leaf C is 7,96, the soil water content is 55g/kg-74g/kg, the soil pH is 8.27-8.29, the soil organic matter is 32-64 g/kg, the total salt of soil is 1920-2190us/cm, and the soil is within the acceptable variation range of a ecological reference area (healthy grassland).
Grazing forbidden for less than 3 years: the vegetation coverage is 2-30%, and the aboveground biomass is 28g/m 2 -151g/m 2 The species richness is 1-7, the leaf area of reed is 8.37, the leaf C is 18.58, the leaf C is 15.95, the soil water content is 80g/kg-164g/kg, the soil pH is 8.64-10.54, the soil organic matter is 4.66-49.43 g/kg, the total salt of soil is 1255-6310us/cm, and the part of the soil is in the acceptable variation range of an ecological reference area (healthy grassland).
Grazing forbidden for more than 10 years: the vegetation coverage is 50% -90%, and the aboveground biomass is 428-525 g/m 2 The species richness is 3-7, the leaf area of reed is 11.22, the leaf C is 22.20, the leaf C is 3.06, the soil water content is 90.26g/kg-117.75g/kg, the soil pH is 8.18-8.58, the soil organic matter is 36.76-89.09 g/kg, the total salt of soil is 3130-5590us/cm, and all are not in the acceptable change range of the ecological reference area (healthy grassland).
And (3) recovery effect evaluation: the productivity of the ecological reference area (healthy grassland) is not acceptable within 3 years of grazing inhibition and 10 years of grazing inhibition, the moderately degenerated reed salinized meadow recovery effect is good after 6 years of grazing inhibition, and the grazing inhibition can experience a regressive trend descending from a recovery peak value within 6-10 years, so that the grazing inhibition can be relieved within 6 years.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (3)
1. A moderately degenerated reed salinized meadow grazing forbidden recovery effect evaluation method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: the method comprises the steps of finishing a data set comprising indexes of vegetation coverage, aboveground biomass, species richness, reed leaf area, reed leaf C: N, root length, soil water content, pH, organic matters, total salt, and the like by comprehensively considering differences of soil types, ecosystem positions, climate conditions and vegetation compositions, selecting a plurality of similar reference areas from reed-type salinized meadow resource investigation data sets of nearly 3 years by using a random sampling method, and calculating an acceptable variation range of related indexes in the data set by using a median unbiased estimation sample quantile method as comparison data;
s2: reed salinized meadows with degradation of southern elevation of the Songal basin in Xinjiang with a range of 368-810 m are respectively subjected to community investigation of vegetation coverage, aboveground biomass, species richness and the like in the salinized meadows with different grazing forbidden years by using a sample method in the ten days of 7 months, and functional property investigation of single leaf area, single leaf dry mass, leaf C content, leaf N content, root length per unit volume, root mass and the like of the reed, and soil water content, pH, organic matters, total salt and microorganism sampling investigation are carried out;
s3: using a Bayesian model, taking the grazing age as a single classification factor, a unique fixing effect and weak information defaults a priori, calculating 13 indexes such as soil water content, pH, organic matters and the like and a 95% credible interval of the indexes by using the modeling method, and analyzing whether the grassland recovery effects of different grazing ages are different or not.
S4: when the biological expression of the grazing-forbidden reed salinized meadow is within an acceptable variation range determined by a plurality of reference sites, namely, a good recovery effect is achieved, and the grazing forbidden reed salinized meadow is released.
2. A moderately degenerated reed salinized meadow grazing forbidden recovery effect evaluation method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the median unbiased estimation sample quantile method in S1 is to select a plurality of similar reference areas from reed salinized meadow resource investigation data sets in the last 3 years by using a random sampling method, evaluate an acceptable minimum value and a maximum value, take an 80% reliable area as an acceptable change range, and take the 80% reliable area as healthy reed salinized meadow data, wherein the formula is as follows:
wherein: the data is based on an independent set of observations { X1 … Xk … … Xn }, pk being the position of a given percentile X (k) relative to the center.
3. A moderately degenerated reed salinized meadow grazing forbidden recovery effect evaluation method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the resource investigation data set in the S1 comprises investigation vegetation coverage, aboveground biomass, species richness, reed single leaf area, single leaf dry mass, leaf C content, leaf N content, root length per unit volume and root mass, soil water content, pH, organic matters and total salt, the sample preparation method in the S2 comprises the steps of dividing a grazing-forbidden sample area into 5 groups, arranging 5 sample preparation parts according to each group, and the specification of the sample preparation parts is 2m multiplied by 2m in length.
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| CN118071019A (en) * | 2024-03-04 | 2024-05-24 | 云南大学 | Biodiversity recovery collaborative optimization regulation and control method based on degenerated ecological region |
| CN118134680A (en) * | 2024-05-06 | 2024-06-04 | 广州市林业和园林科学研究院 | Banyan research method and system |
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| CN118071019A (en) * | 2024-03-04 | 2024-05-24 | 云南大学 | Biodiversity recovery collaborative optimization regulation and control method based on degenerated ecological region |
| CN118134680A (en) * | 2024-05-06 | 2024-06-04 | 广州市林业和园林科学研究院 | Banyan research method and system |
| CN118134680B (en) * | 2024-05-06 | 2024-07-23 | 广州市林业和园林科学研究院 | Banyan research method and system |
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