CN116699927A - A remote sensing camera integrated with silicon carbide primary mirror and substrate - Google Patents
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006335 epoxy glue Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002241 glass-ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种碳化硅主镜和基板一体化的遥感相机，包括主镜，支腿，焦面组件，校正镜组件，次镜组件，第一遮光罩和桁架组件。主镜的镜体和背板是一体式的碳化硅结构，焦面组件作用是通过光电转换采集并向地面传输图像，校正镜组件主要作用是扩大成像视场。次镜组件包括次镜，芯轴，背板，盖板和第二遮光罩组成。第二遮光罩是碳纤维或者铝合金材质的桶状结构，作用是拦截到主镜镜面上的杂散光；本技术方案的特点是主镜和背板采用了碳化硅一体化的成型方案，一方面提高了主镜的装调对准精度，避免主镜集成引入的内部应力；另一方面提高主镜的面形精度，从而提高了遥感相机的成像质量。主镜镜体和背板之间没有支撑结构，降低了整机的质量。
The invention discloses a remote sensing camera integrated with a silicon carbide primary mirror and a substrate, comprising a primary mirror, a support leg, a focal plane assembly, a correction mirror assembly, a secondary mirror assembly, a first light shield and a truss assembly. The mirror body and back plate of the main mirror are integrated silicon carbide structures. The function of the focal plane component is to collect and transmit images to the ground through photoelectric conversion. The main function of the correction mirror component is to expand the imaging field of view. The secondary mirror assembly includes a secondary mirror, a mandrel, a back plate, a cover plate and a second hood. The second hood is a barrel-shaped structure made of carbon fiber or aluminum alloy. The adjustment and alignment accuracy of the primary mirror is improved to avoid the internal stress introduced by the integration of the primary mirror; on the other hand, the surface shape accuracy of the primary mirror is improved, thereby improving the imaging quality of the remote sensing camera. There is no supporting structure between the main mirror body and the back plate, which reduces the quality of the whole machine.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及空间遥感技术领域，尤其涉及一种碳化硅主镜和基板一体化的遥感相机。The invention relates to the technical field of space remote sensing, in particular to a remote sensing camera with an integrated silicon carbide primary mirror and a substrate.
背景技术Background technique
碳化硅陶瓷材料具备优异的力学性能，如高的比刚度和良好的热稳定性等。和传统的金属材料相比，碳化硅材料在空间遥感相机应用中更具优势。但是，空间遥感相机一方面对主镜的安装和面形精度要求较高，另一方面对相机的整体质量限制很严格。如何平衡主镜组件质量和精度之间的矛盾给设计人员带来一定挑战，限制了碳化硅在空间光学系统中的应用。Silicon carbide ceramic materials have excellent mechanical properties, such as high specific stiffness and good thermal stability. Compared with traditional metal materials, silicon carbide materials have more advantages in space remote sensing camera applications. However, on the one hand, the space remote sensing camera has high requirements on the installation and surface shape accuracy of the primary mirror, and on the other hand, it has strict restrictions on the overall quality of the camera. How to balance the contradiction between the quality and precision of the primary mirror assembly brings certain challenges to designers, which limits the application of silicon carbide in space optical systems.
现有技术中，主镜和基板通常分开设计，并且采用不同种材料。主镜通常采用碳化硅或者微晶玻璃等材料。而背板通常采用钛合金或者铝基高体分等材质。由于主镜和基板材料的不同，为了降低基板热胀系数对主镜的影响，通常二者之间还要通过额外的支撑或者芯轴连接。无疑会进一步增加主镜组件的重量。In the prior art, the primary mirror and the substrate are usually designed separately and made of different materials. The primary mirror is usually made of materials such as silicon carbide or glass-ceramic. The backplane is usually made of titanium alloy or aluminum-based high-volume materials. Due to the difference in materials between the primary mirror and the substrate, in order to reduce the influence of the thermal expansion coefficient of the substrate on the primary mirror, the two are usually connected by an additional support or a mandrel. Undoubtedly, the weight of the main mirror assembly will be further increased.
基于上述技术问题，本领域的技术人员急需研发一种碳化硅主镜和基板一体化的遥感相机，一方面提高了主镜的装调对准精度，避免主镜集成引入的内部应力；另一方面提高主镜的面形精度，从而提高了遥感相机的成像质量。此外，主镜镜体和背板之间没有支撑结构，降低了整机的质量。Based on the above technical problems, it is urgent for those skilled in the art to develop a remote sensing camera that integrates a silicon carbide primary mirror and a substrate. On the one hand, it improves the alignment accuracy of the primary mirror and avoids the internal stress introduced by the integration of the primary mirror; on the other hand On the one hand, the surface shape accuracy of the primary mirror is improved, thereby improving the imaging quality of the remote sensing camera. In addition, there is no supporting structure between the main mirror body and the back plate, which reduces the quality of the whole machine.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种碳化硅主镜和基板一体化的遥感相机，一方面提高了主镜的装调对准精度，避免主镜集成引入的内部应力；另一方面提高主镜的面形精度，从而提高了遥感相机的成像质量。此外，主镜镜体和背板之间没有支撑结构，降低了整机的质量。The object of the present invention is to provide a remote sensing camera integrated with a silicon carbide primary mirror and a substrate. On the one hand, the adjustment and alignment accuracy of the primary mirror is improved, and the internal stress introduced by the integration of the primary mirror is avoided; on the other hand, the surface area of the primary mirror is improved. shape accuracy, thereby improving the imaging quality of remote sensing cameras. In addition, there is no supporting structure between the main mirror body and the back plate, which reduces the quality of the whole machine.
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
本发明的一种碳化硅主镜和基板一体化的遥感相机，该遥感相机包括：A remote sensing camera integrating a silicon carbide primary mirror and a substrate according to the present invention, the remote sensing camera comprising:
主镜，所述主镜包括主镜镜体，所述主镜镜体的下端连接有一体式的主镜基板；a primary mirror, the primary mirror includes a primary mirror body, and the lower end of the primary mirror body is connected with an integrated primary mirror substrate;
支腿，其包括一个A自字型支架，所述A自字型支架由双轴柔性板簧和连杆构成；Support legs, which include an A-shaped bracket, and the A-shaped bracket is composed of a biaxial flexible leaf spring and a connecting rod;
焦面组件，包括隔热垫，其通过螺纹孔和框架连接；调焦机构，安装在框架后端；Focus plane components, including heat insulation pads, which are connected to the frame through threaded holes; focusing mechanism, installed at the rear end of the frame;
该遥感相机还包括：The remote sensing camera also includes:
校正镜组件，包括一组多个透镜，多个所述透镜布置于镜筒内，且在高度方向成一定间隔排列；The correcting mirror assembly includes a group of multiple lenses, and the multiple lenses are arranged in the lens barrel and arranged at certain intervals in the height direction;
次镜组件，包括次镜，所述次镜中心孔通过环氧胶与锥套粘接固定；The secondary mirror assembly includes a secondary mirror, and the central hole of the secondary mirror is bonded and fixed to the tapered sleeve by epoxy glue;
所述锥套固定在次镜基板的下方；The taper sleeve is fixed below the secondary mirror substrate;
盖板和第二遮光罩固定于所述次镜基板上方；The cover plate and the second shading cover are fixed above the secondary mirror substrate;
第一遮光罩，包括挡光环，所述挡光环的位置根据光线预设走向确定；The first shading cover includes a light blocking ring, the position of the light blocking ring is determined according to the preset direction of light;
所述挡光环位于遮光筒内侧表面；The light blocking ring is located on the inner surface of the shading tube;
所述遮光筒外侧表面有第一加强筋固定，所述遮光筒的下端安装有法兰；The outer surface of the shading cylinder is fixed by a first rib, and the lower end of the shading cylinder is provided with a flange;
桁架组件，包括桁架环，其同一侧端面安装有三个埋件，每个所述埋件的端部各安装一根桁架杆；所述桁架杆的末端安装有次镜埋件。The truss assembly includes a truss ring, three embedded parts are installed on the end surface of the same side, and a truss rod is installed at the end of each embedded part; a secondary mirror embedded part is installed at the end of the truss rod.
进一步的，所述主镜镜体的背部形成有：Further, the back of the mirror body of the primary mirror is formed with:
第二加强筋、轻量化孔、上端翻边和中间有芯轴；The second reinforcing rib, lightweight hole, upper end flanging and mandrel in the middle;
所述主镜基板的上端面形成有：The upper surface of the primary mirror substrate is formed with:
基板轻量化孔，基板翻边和桁架安装孔；Base plate lightweight holes, base plate flanging and truss mounting holes;
所述主镜基板的下端面形成有：The lower end surface of the primary mirror substrate is formed with:
支腿安装孔、焦面安装孔、校正镜安装孔和下端翻边；以及形成在所述主镜基板侧面的棱镜安装孔。mounting holes for the legs, mounting holes for the focal plane, mounting holes for the correction mirror, and a lower flange; and a mounting hole for the prism formed on the side of the main mirror substrate.
进一步的，所述轻量化孔的形状为三角形的、矩形、菱形或者六边形中的一种。Further, the shape of the lightweight hole is one of triangular, rectangular, rhombus or hexagonal.
进一步的，所述基板轻量化孔的形状为三角形的、矩形、菱形或者六边形中的一种。Further, the shape of the substrate lightweight hole is one of triangular, rectangular, rhombus or hexagonal.
进一步的，所述主镜基板的形状为三角形的、矩形、菱形或者六边形中的一种。Further, the shape of the primary mirror substrate is one of triangular, rectangular, rhombus or hexagonal.
进一步的，所述A自字型支架包括左右两个对称的支链；Further, the A-shaped bracket includes two symmetrical branch chains on the left and right;
每个支链包括转轴沿着X轴的X轴板簧a和X轴板簧b、且在X轴板簧a和X轴板簧b之间，串联有转轴沿着Y轴的Y轴板簧a和Y轴板簧b。Each branch chain includes an X-axis leaf spring a and an X-axis leaf spring b whose rotation axis is along the X-axis, and a Y-axis plate whose rotation axis is along the Y-axis is connected in series between the X-axis leaf spring a and the X-axis leaf spring b Spring a and Y-axis leaf spring b.
进一步的，所述支腿中板簧铰链的切口形式是矩形、圆形或者抛物线形中的一种。Further, the cutout form of the leaf spring hinge in the leg is one of rectangular, circular or parabolic.
进一步的，所述调焦机构包括顶推探测器，所述顶推探测器和处理电路沿着预设的光轴运动对焦，且所述调焦机构采用的形式为涡轮-蜗杆形式或者凸轮形式。Further, the focus adjustment mechanism includes a push-push detector, the push-push detector and the processing circuit move the focus along a preset optical axis, and the focus adjustment mechanism adopts a turbine-worm form or a cam form .
进一步的，每个所述透镜通过镜座和压圈固定；Further, each of the lenses is fixed by a mirror holder and a pressure ring;
镜筒的上端通过连接螺套和第三遮光罩连接；The upper end of the lens barrel is connected with the third hood through a connecting screw sleeve;
所述镜筒的下端通过垫片和所述主镜基板连接；The lower end of the lens barrel is connected to the main mirror substrate through a gasket;
所述透镜的装调方式为：定心车削方式或者定心装调方式；The adjustment method of the lens is: centering turning method or centering adjustment method;
所述镜座、所述压圈和所述镜筒的材质为航空铝合金或者钛合金。The mirror base, the pressure ring and the lens barrel are made of aviation aluminum alloy or titanium alloy.
进一步的，所述桁架环的材质为碳纤维或者铝合金；Further, the material of the truss ring is carbon fiber or aluminum alloy;
所述埋件和次镜埋件上面有埋件轻量化孔；There are lightweight holes for embedded parts on the embedded part and the embedded part of the secondary mirror;
所述桁架杆为矩形或者圆形管状结构，桁架杆内部为中空结构形式；The truss rod is a rectangular or circular tubular structure, and the inside of the truss rod is a hollow structure;
所述桁架杆的材料和桁架环的材料相同。The material of the truss rods is the same as that of the truss rings.
在上述技术方案中，本发明提供的一种碳化硅主镜和基板一体化的遥感相机，具有以下有益效果：In the above technical solution, a remote sensing camera integrated with a silicon carbide primary mirror and a substrate provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
本发明的一种碳化硅主镜和基板一体化的遥感相机，特点是主镜和背板采用了碳化硅一体化的成型方案，一方面提高了主镜的装调对准精度，避免主镜集成引入的内部应力；另一方面提高主镜的面形精度，从而提高了遥感相机的成像质量。此外，主镜镜体和背板之间没有支撑结构，降低了整机的质量；A remote sensing camera with integrated silicon carbide primary mirror and substrate of the present invention is characterized in that the primary mirror and the back plate adopt an integrated forming scheme of silicon carbide, which improves the adjustment and alignment accuracy of the primary mirror on the one hand and avoids the The internal stress introduced by integration; on the other hand, the surface shape accuracy of the primary mirror is improved, thereby improving the imaging quality of the remote sensing camera. In addition, there is no supporting structure between the main mirror body and the back plate, which reduces the quality of the whole machine;
此外，本技术方案中主镜镜体和主镜基板采用相同材料，一体式制造，而非分体制造，然后再装配的方案，使得膨胀和收缩方向一致，在胶固化的过程中，不会产生会收缩，导致主镜面形劣化；消除了粘接过程中引入的粘接应力和光轴对准误差。In addition, in this technical solution, the main mirror body and the main mirror substrate are made of the same material, and are manufactured in one piece instead of separate parts, and then assembled, so that the directions of expansion and contraction are consistent. During the curing process of the glue, there will be no The generation will shrink, leading to the deterioration of the primary mirror shape; the bonding stress and optical axis alignment errors introduced during the bonding process are eliminated.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明中记载的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that are required in the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only described in the present invention For some embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings.
图1为本发明实施例提供的一种碳化硅主镜和基板一体化的遥感相机的示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a remote sensing camera integrating a silicon carbide primary mirror and a substrate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例提供的一种碳化硅主镜和基板一体化的遥感相机的主镜的示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a primary mirror of a remote sensing camera integrated with a silicon carbide primary mirror and a substrate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例提供的一种碳化硅主镜和基板一体化的遥感相机主镜镜体示意图；3 is a schematic diagram of a main mirror body of a remote sensing camera in which a silicon carbide main mirror and a substrate are integrated according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图4为本发明实施例提供的一种碳化硅主镜和基板一体化的遥感相机主镜镜体上端面的示意图；4 is a schematic diagram of the upper end surface of the main mirror body of a remote sensing camera integrated with a silicon carbide main mirror and a substrate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图5为本发明实施例提供的一种碳化硅主镜和基板一体化的遥感相机主镜镜体下端面示意图；5 is a schematic diagram of the lower end surface of the main mirror body of a remote sensing camera integrated with a silicon carbide main mirror and a substrate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图6为本发明实施例提供的一种碳化硅主镜和基板一体化的遥感相机支腿示意图；6 is a schematic diagram of a remote sensing camera leg in which a silicon carbide primary mirror and a substrate are integrated according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图7为本发明实施例提供的一种碳化硅主镜和基板一体化的遥感相机焦面组件示意图；7 is a schematic diagram of a focal plane assembly of a remote sensing camera integrated with a silicon carbide primary mirror and a substrate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图8为本发明实施例提供的一种碳化硅主镜和基板一体化的遥感相机校正镜组件示意图；8 is a schematic diagram of a remote sensing camera correction mirror assembly in which a silicon carbide primary mirror and a substrate are integrated according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图9为本发明实施例提供的一种碳化硅主镜和基板一体化的遥感相机次镜组件示意图；9 is a schematic diagram of a secondary mirror assembly of a remote sensing camera in which a silicon carbide primary mirror and a substrate are integrated according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图10为本发明实施例提供的一种碳化硅主镜和基板一体化的遥感相机第一遮光罩示意图；Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a first hood of a remote sensing camera integrating a silicon carbide primary mirror and a substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图11为本发明实施例提供的一种碳化硅主镜和基板一体化的遥感相机桁架组件示意图。Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a remote sensing camera truss assembly in which a silicon carbide primary mirror and a substrate are integrated according to an embodiment of the present invention.
附图标记说明：Explanation of reference signs:
1、主镜；2、支腿；3、焦面组件；4、校正镜组件；5、次镜组件；6、第一遮光罩；7、桁架组件；1. Primary mirror; 2. Outrigger; 3. Focal plane assembly; 4. Correction mirror assembly; 5. Secondary mirror assembly; 6. First hood; 7. Truss assembly;
11、主镜镜体；11. Main mirror body;
111、镜面；112、第二加强筋；113、轻量化孔；114、翻边；115、芯轴；111, mirror surface; 112, second reinforcing rib; 113, lightweight hole; 114, flanging; 115, mandrel;
12、主镜基板；12. Main mirror substrate;
121、基板轻量化孔；122、翻边；123、桁架安装孔；124、棱镜安装孔；125、支腿安装孔；126、焦面安装孔；127、校正镜安装孔；128翻边；121. Base plate lightweight hole; 122. Flange; 123. Truss mounting hole; 124. Prism mounting hole; 125. Outrigger mounting hole; 126. Focal plane mounting hole; 127. Correction mirror mounting hole; 128 Flange;
21、主镜安装孔；22、卫星安装孔；23、X轴板簧a；24、X轴板簧b；25、Y轴板簧a；26、Y轴板簧b；21. Primary mirror mounting hole; 22. Satellite mounting hole; 23. X-axis leaf spring a; 24. X-axis leaf spring b; 25. Y-axis leaf spring a; 26. Y-axis leaf spring b;
31、隔热垫；32、框架；33、调焦机构；34、探测器；35、处理电路；31. Heat insulation pad; 32. Frame; 33. Focusing mechanism; 34. Detector; 35. Processing circuit;
41、透镜；42、镜筒；43、垫片；44、镜座；45、压圈；46、连接螺套；47、第三遮光罩；41. Lens; 42. Lens barrel; 43. Gasket; 44. Mirror holder; 45. Pressure ring; 46. Connecting screw sleeve; 47. The third hood;
51、次镜；52、锥套；53、次镜基板；54、盖板；55、第二遮光罩；51, secondary mirror; 52, taper sleeve; 53, secondary mirror substrate; 54, cover plate; 55, second hood;
61、挡光环；62、第一加强筋；63、遮光筒；64、法兰；61. Light blocking ring; 62. First rib; 63. Shade tube; 64. Flange;
71、桁架环；72、埋件；73、次镜埋件；74、桁架杆。71. Truss ring; 72. Embedded parts; 73. Secondary mirror embedded parts; 74. Truss rods.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本领域的技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案，下面将结合附图对本发明作进一步的详细介绍。In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
参见图1~图11所示；See Figures 1 to 11;
本发明的一种碳化硅主镜和基板一体化的遥感相机，该遥感相机包括：A remote sensing camera integrating a silicon carbide primary mirror and a substrate according to the present invention, the remote sensing camera comprising:
主镜1，主镜1包括主镜镜体11，主镜镜体11的下端连接有一体式的主镜基板12；The main mirror 1, the main mirror 1 comprises a main mirror mirror body 11, and the lower end of the main mirror mirror body 11 is connected with an integrated main mirror substrate 12;
该遥感相机还包括：支腿2，其包括一个A自字型支架，A自字型支架由双轴柔性板簧和连杆构成；焦面组件3，包括：隔热垫31，其通过螺纹孔和框架32连接；调焦机构33，安装在1框架32后端；校正镜组件4，包括一组多个透镜41，多个透镜41布置于镜筒42内，且在高度方向成一定间隔排列；The remote sensing camera also includes: supporting legs 2, which include an A-shaped support, and the A-shaped support is composed of biaxial flexible leaf springs and connecting rods; The hole is connected to the frame 32; the focusing mechanism 33 is installed on the rear end of the frame 32; the correcting mirror assembly 4 includes a group of multiple lenses 41, and the multiple lenses 41 are arranged in the lens barrel 42 at a certain interval in the height direction arrangement;
次镜组件5，包括次镜51，次镜51中心孔通过环氧胶与锥套52粘接固定；锥套52固定在次镜基板53的下方；盖板54和第二遮光罩55固定于次镜基板53上方；The secondary mirror assembly 5 includes a secondary mirror 51, and the central hole of the secondary mirror 51 is bonded and fixed with the taper sleeve 52 through epoxy glue; the taper sleeve 52 is fixed below the secondary mirror substrate 53; the cover plate 54 and the second light shield 55 are fixed on the above the secondary mirror substrate 53;
第一遮光罩6，包括挡光环61，挡光环61的位置根据光线预设走向确定；挡光环61位于遮光筒63内侧表面；遮光筒63外侧表面有第一加强筋62固定，遮光筒63的下端安装有法兰64；The first shading cover 6 includes a light-shielding ring 61, and the position of the light-shielding ring 61 is determined according to the preset direction of light; the light-shielding ring 61 is located on the inner surface of the light-shielding cylinder 63; A flange 64 is installed at the lower end;
桁架组件7，包括桁架环71，其同一侧端面安装有三个埋件72，每个埋件72的端部各安装一根桁架杆74；桁架杆74的末端安装有次镜埋件73。The truss assembly 7 includes a truss ring 71, three embedded parts 72 are installed on the same end surface, and a truss rod 74 is installed at the end of each embedded part 72; a secondary mirror embedded part 73 is installed at the end of the truss rod 74.
请参阅附图1-附图11所示，主镜镜体11的背部形成有：第二加强筋112、轻量化孔113、上端翻边114和中间有芯轴115；主镜基板12的上端面形成有：Please refer to accompanying drawing 1-shown in accompanying drawing 11, the back of main mirror mirror body 11 is formed with: the second reinforcing rib 112, lightweight hole 113, upper end flanging 114 and the center have mandrel 115; The end faces are formed with:
基板轻量化孔121，基板翻边122和桁架安装孔123；主镜基板12的下端面形成有：Substrate lightweight hole 121, substrate flange 122 and truss mounting hole 123; the lower end surface of main mirror substrate 12 is formed with:
支腿安装孔125、焦面安装孔126、校正镜安装孔127和下端翻边128；以及形成在主镜基板12侧面的棱镜安装孔124。Leg mounting holes 125 , focal plane mounting holes 126 , correction mirror mounting holes 127 , and lower flanges 128 ; and prism mounting holes 124 formed on the side of the main mirror substrate 12 .
请参阅附图1-附图11所示，轻量化孔113的形状为三角形的、矩形、菱形或者六边形中的一种。Please refer to accompanying drawings 1-11, the shape of the lightweight hole 113 is one of triangular, rectangular, rhombus or hexagonal.
请参阅附图1-附图11所示，基板轻量化孔121的形状为三角形的、矩形、菱形或者六边形中的一种。Please refer to accompanying drawings 1 to 11, the shape of the substrate lightweight hole 121 is one of triangular, rectangular, rhombus or hexagonal.
请参阅附图1-附图11所示，主镜基板12的形状为三角形的、矩形、菱形或者六边形中的一种。Please refer to accompanying drawings 1 to 11, the shape of the primary mirror substrate 12 is one of triangular, rectangular, rhombus or hexagonal.
请参阅附图1-附图11所示，A自字型支架包括左右两个对称的支链；Please refer to the attached drawings 1-shown in the accompanying drawings 11, the A self-shaped bracket includes two symmetrical branch chains on the left and right;
每个支链包括转轴沿着X轴的X轴板簧a23和X轴板簧b24、且在X轴板簧a23和X轴板簧b24之间，串联有转轴沿着Y轴的Y轴板簧a25和Y轴板簧b26。Each branch chain includes an X-axis leaf spring a23 and an X-axis leaf spring b24 whose rotation axis is along the X-axis, and a Y-axis plate whose rotation axis is along the Y-axis is connected in series between the X-axis leaf spring a23 and the X-axis leaf spring b24 Spring a25 and Y-axis leaf spring b26.
请参阅附图1-附图11所示，支腿2中板簧铰链的切口形式是矩形、圆形或者抛物线形中的一种。Please refer to accompanying drawing 1-shown in accompanying drawing 11, the notch form of leaf spring hinge in support leg 2 is a kind of in rectangle, circle or parabola.
请参阅附图1-附图11所示，调焦机构33包括：顶推探测器34；顶推探测器34和处理电路35沿着预设的光轴运动对焦；调焦机构33采用的形式为涡轮-蜗杆形式或者凸轮形式。Please refer to accompanying drawings 1-shown in accompanying drawing 11, focusing mechanism 33 comprises: pushing detector 34; Pushing detector 34 and processing circuit 35 move focus along preset optical axis; In the form of a worm gear or a cam.
请参阅附图1-附图11所示，每个透镜41通过镜座44和压圈45固定；镜筒42的上端通过连接螺套46和第三遮光罩47连接；镜筒42的下端通过垫片43和主镜基板12连接；透镜41的装调方式为：定心车削方式或者定心装调方式；镜座44、压圈45和镜筒42的材质为航空铝合金或者钛合金。Please refer to accompanying drawing 1-shown in accompanying drawing 11, each lens 41 is fixed by lens holder 44 and pressure ring 45; The gasket 43 is connected to the main mirror substrate 12; the adjustment method of the lens 41 is: centering turning method or centering adjustment method; the material of the mirror base 44, the pressure ring 45 and the lens barrel 42 is aviation aluminum alloy or titanium alloy.
请参阅附图1-附图11所示，桁架环71的材质为碳纤维或者铝合金；埋件72和次镜埋件73上面有埋件轻量化孔；桁架杆74为矩形或者圆形管状结构，桁架杆74内部为中空结构形式；桁架杆74的材料和桁架环71的材料相同。Please refer to accompanying drawings 1-shown in accompanying drawings 11, the material of the truss ring 71 is carbon fiber or aluminum alloy; the embedded parts 72 and the secondary mirror embedded parts 73 have light-weight holes for embedded parts; the truss rods 74 are rectangular or circular tubular structures , The interior of the truss rod 74 is a hollow structure; the material of the truss rod 74 is the same as that of the truss ring 71 .
本发明公开了一种碳化硅主镜和基板一体化的遥感相机，包括：主镜，支腿，焦面组件，校正镜组件，次镜组件，第一遮光罩和桁架组件。The invention discloses a remote sensing camera integrated with a silicon carbide primary mirror and a substrate, comprising: a primary mirror, a support leg, a focal plane assembly, a correction mirror assembly, a secondary mirror assembly, a first shading cover and a truss assembly.
主镜的镜体和背板是一体式的碳化硅结构，镜体和背板上有轻量化孔和第二加强筋。支腿是一个A自字型支架，由双轴柔性板簧和连杆构成。焦面组件包括隔热垫，框架，调焦机构，探测器和处理电路组成。其作用是通过光电转换采集并向地面传输图像。校正镜组件包括透镜，镜筒，垫片，镜座，压圈，第三遮光罩和连接螺纹组成。其主要作用是扩大成像视场。次镜组件包括次镜，芯轴，背板，盖板和第二遮光罩组成。第二遮光罩是碳纤维或者铝合金材质的桶状结构。其内侧有挡光环，外侧有第一加强筋。作用是拦截到主镜镜面上的杂散光。桁架组件包括桁架环，埋件，次镜埋件和桁架杆，其功能是固定次镜组件。The mirror body and back plate of the main mirror are integrated silicon carbide structure, and there are lightweight holes and second ribs on the mirror body and back plate. The outrigger is an A-shaped bracket, which is composed of a biaxial flexible leaf spring and a connecting rod. The focal plane assembly includes a thermal insulation pad, a frame, a focusing mechanism, a detector and a processing circuit. Its role is to collect and transmit images to the ground through photoelectric conversion. The correction lens assembly includes lens, lens barrel, spacer, lens holder, pressure ring, third light shield and connecting thread. Its main function is to expand the imaging field of view. The secondary mirror assembly includes a secondary mirror, a mandrel, a back plate, a cover plate and a second hood. The second hood is a barrel-shaped structure made of carbon fiber or aluminum alloy. Its inner side has halo-blocking ring, and the outer side has the first reinforcing rib. The function is to intercept stray light on the mirror surface of the primary mirror. The truss assembly includes truss rings, embedded parts, secondary mirror embedded parts and truss rods, whose function is to fix the secondary mirror assembly.
在上述技术方案中，本发明提供的一种碳化硅主镜和基板一体化的遥感相机，具有以下有益效果：In the above technical solution, a remote sensing camera integrated with a silicon carbide primary mirror and a substrate provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
本发明的一种碳化硅主镜和基板一体化的遥感相机，特点是主镜和背板采用了碳化硅一体化的成型方案，一方面提高了主镜的装调对准精度，避免主镜集成引入的内部应力；另一方面提高主镜的面形精度，从而提高了遥感相机的成像质量。此外，主镜镜体和背板之间没有支撑结构，降低了整机的质量；A remote sensing camera with integrated silicon carbide primary mirror and substrate of the present invention is characterized in that the primary mirror and the back plate adopt an integrated forming scheme of silicon carbide, which improves the adjustment and alignment accuracy of the primary mirror on the one hand and avoids the The internal stress introduced by integration; on the other hand, the surface shape accuracy of the primary mirror is improved, thereby improving the imaging quality of the remote sensing camera. In addition, there is no supporting structure between the main mirror body and the back plate, which reduces the quality of the whole machine;
此外，本技术方案中主镜镜体和主镜基板采用相同材料，一体式制造，而非分体制造，然后再装配的方案，使得膨胀和收缩方向一致，在胶固化的过程中，不会产生会收缩，导致主镜面形劣化；消除了粘接过程中引入的粘接应力和光轴对准误差。In addition, in this technical solution, the main mirror body and the main mirror substrate are made of the same material, and are manufactured in one piece instead of separate parts, and then assembled, so that the directions of expansion and contraction are consistent. During the curing process of the glue, there will be no The generation will shrink, leading to the deterioration of the primary mirror shape; the bonding stress and optical axis alignment errors introduced during the bonding process are eliminated.
以上只通过说明的方式描述了本发明的某些示范性实施例，毋庸置疑，对于本领域的普通技术人员，在不偏离本发明的精神和范围的情况下，可以用各种不同的方式对所描述的实施例进行修正。因此，上述附图和描述在本质上是说明性的，不应理解为对本发明权利要求保护范围的限制。Certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described above only by way of illustration, and it goes without saying that those skilled in the art can use various methods without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The described embodiments are modified. Therefore, the above drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
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