CN116699330A - Surface acoustic wave gas measurement method and device with discharge gap energy capture - Google Patents
Surface acoustic wave gas measurement method and device with discharge gap energy capture Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010897 surface acoustic wave method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 193
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 158
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q7/00—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/02—Analysing fluids
- G01N29/022—Fluid sensors based on microsensors, e.g. quartz crystal-microbalance [QCM], surface acoustic wave [SAW] devices, tuning forks, cantilevers, flexural plate wave [FPW] devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1209—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing using acoustic measurements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/001—Energy harvesting or scavenging
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
Abstract
The application relates to a surface acoustic wave gas measurement method and device with discharge gap energy capture, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: A. a surface wave gas sensor having an acoustic input interdigital electrode and an output interdigital electrode; collecting a discharge signal generated by the tested power equipment through a discharge energy capturing coil, applying a coupling potential to an input interdigital electrode, generating pulse voltage, and generating a surface acoustic wave signal; B. the generated surface acoustic wave signal is subjected to acoustic-electric conversion on the output interdigital electrode, so that the surface acoustic wave signal is transmitted to a wireless receiver through a transmitting antenna; C. the wireless receiver carries out Fourier transformation on the received electric signals to obtain the basic frequency of the surface acoustic wave gas sensor, calculates the frequency difference value of the reference value of the basic frequency and the natural resonant frequency of the surface acoustic wave, and carries out interdigital on the frequency difference value and the database to obtain the corresponding gas content. The application does not need frequent external electric signals to carry out measurement, thereby effectively reducing the on-site electromagnetic interference and improving the reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to a method and a device for measuring surface acoustic wave gas, in particular to a method and a device for measuring surface acoustic wave gas with discharge gap energy capture.
Background
The surface acoustic wave gas sensor has the characteristics of wireless passivity, high electric field resistance and electromagnetic interference resistance. A single surface acoustic wave gas sensor has various problems, such as a single measurement function, and cannot directly relate to gas parameters of abnormal gas, such as discharge intensity, and the like.
The conventional wireless passive working mode of the surface acoustic wave is that a wireless receiving end transmits a wireless signal, and then the wireless signal is received and triggered by a surface acoustic wave gas sensor and then reflected back to a wireless receiver. The frequency of the surface acoustic wave tested in the mode is very narrow, and the signal to noise ratio is good, but electromagnetic interference can be caused to a test site due to frequent wireless signal transmission of a wireless receiver, and continuous on-line monitoring is not facilitated.
Problems faced with current discharge monitoring of various operating electrical devices include:
(1) The discharge signal is severely disturbed, the frequency and the energy distribution of the electric signal are very uneven, especially the GIS (gas insulated substation) gas insulated equipment adopts all-ground sealing metal outside, and the high-sensitivity discharge signal is difficult to capture outside through the partial discharge probe.
(2) The gas monitoring sensor is easily affected by various environmental humiture, so that the precision requirement on the power supply is very high, and the test site is mostly free from the condition of arranging the precision power supply.
Therefore, a new way is needed to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a surface acoustic wave gas measurement method and device with discharge gap energy capture, which uses partial discharge signals as starting energy to generate surface acoustic wave signals for measurement, and does not need frequent external application of electric signals for measurement so as to reduce on-site electromagnetic interference and improve reliability.
The application relates to a surface acoustic wave gas measurement method with discharge gap energy capture, which comprises the following steps:
A. the sensor unit is provided with at least one surface acoustic wave gas sensor, and an input interdigital electrode and an output interdigital electrode are arranged on the surface acoustic wave gas sensor; inducing and collecting a discharge signal generated by the tested power equipment through a discharge energy capturing coil, wherein the discharge energy capturing coil generates a coupling potential, the coupling potential is applied to the input interdigital electrode connected with the discharge energy capturing coil, and pulse voltage is generated on the input interdigital electrode, and the pulse voltage enables a corresponding surface acoustic wave gas sensor to generate a surface acoustic wave signal;
B. after being propagated through a piezoelectric substrate in the surface acoustic wave gas sensor, a surface acoustic wave signal generated by the surface acoustic wave gas sensor generates sound-electricity conversion on an output interdigital electrode of the surface acoustic wave gas sensor, so that an electric signal is obtained by a transmitting antenna connected with the output interdigital electrode, and the electric signal is transmitted to a wireless receiver through the transmitting antenna;
C. after the wireless receiver receives the electric signal emitted by the surface acoustic wave gas sensor, the electric signal is subjected to Fourier transformation to obtain the basic frequency f of the surface acoustic wave gas sensor, the frequency difference value of the reference value f0 of the basic frequency f and the natural resonant frequency of the surface acoustic wave is calculated through a formula delta f= |f-f0|, and the frequency difference value delta f is compared with the data of a database to obtain the gas content corresponding to the frequency difference value delta f.
Since new gases, such as sulfides, are generated after the electric power equipment is discharged, whether the electric power equipment is broken down by electric to air, or by electric to insulating solid, or by electric to insulating gas, the discharge capacity of the electric power equipment can be accurately deduced by detecting the corresponding gas content difference. If the higher the detected discharge emission content, the higher the discharge frequency of the power equipment is, the more the problem in terms of insulation of the power equipment is.
The application replaces the input end antenna of the surface acoustic wave gas sensor by the discharge energy capturing coil (energy capturing coil), and the discharge energy capturing coil only induces voltage signals when discharge pulses exist, thus avoiding various electromagnetic interference problems caused by frequent electric signal receiving. On the other hand, the discharge energy capturing coil can be built in the tested power equipment, such as an insulating gas cavity of a gas-insulated high-voltage equipment, and the like, and is used as a discharge detection antenna, which is not comparable to the existing external receiver in a way of transmitting and waiting for receiving signals.
In the working mode of the application, the wireless receiver only receives simply and does not need to transmit signals. The state of the tested power equipment can be obtained in time only by analyzing the received signals, the problem of simultaneous measurement of two physical parameters of gas and discharge is solved, and a passive wireless mode with high withstand voltage strength and no dependence on power supply of a sensor is realized.
The frequency spectrum characteristics of the emitted frequency signal of the surface acoustic wave gas sensor after Fourier transformation are analyzed, the analysis is carried out on the signal energy and the frequency after the fundamental frequency f is removed, and the characteristic parameters of the discharge pulse signal can be diagnosed.
The acoustic surface wave gas sensor has an input end and an output end no matter the resonance type or the delay line type, and part of resonators are connected with the output end and the output end in parallel. The specific working modes of the discharge energy capturing coil and the output antenna are all the prior art, and are not described in detail again.
The application is not specific to a specific gas type, and if multiple gases are involved, only multiple surface acoustic wave devices or a combined surface acoustic wave gas sensor with multiple sensing delay lines are needed. The gas sensitive film corresponding to the detected gas is only required to be smeared on the base material of the surface acoustic wave gas sensor no matter how the gas is, the relevant gas can be correspondingly measured, and the change of the gas content corresponds to the frequency deviation. The application solves the problems of energy taking and interference reduction primarily, and passive measurement is realized only when energy triggering occurs during discharging of power equipment.
Specifically, in step C, the electrical signal is subjected to fourier transformation and then subjected to spectrum calculation, and the fundamental frequency f of the surface acoustic wave gas sensor is obtained in one of the following ways:
C1. when the energy corresponding to the single frequency f 'is greater than or equal to 65% of the total energy, the single frequency f' is taken as the basic frequency f;
C2. when the energy corresponding to the single frequency f 'is more than or equal to 30% and less than 65% of the total energy, the maximum energy signal frequency of other frequencies after the single frequency f' is removed is f1, if f1/f 'is more than or equal to 40%, delta f2 = |f' -f0| and delta f3 = |f1-f0| are calculated respectively, and the minimum of delta f2 and delta f3 is taken as a basic frequency f;
C3. with a single frequency f' corresponding to less than 30% of the total energy, the acquired data is discarded.
According to different conditions, different modes are adopted to obtain the fundamental frequency f, so that the value of the fundamental frequency f is more accurate.
An alternative embodiment is that at least two surface acoustic wave gas sensors with different resonance frequencies are arranged in parallel in the sensor unit.
The application not only uses the characteristic that the discharge energy capturing coil (energy taking coil) automatically touches the surface acoustic wave gas sensor to work through the partial discharge signal, but also uses the characteristic of the resonance frequency of the surface acoustic wave gas sensor. The resonant frequency of the surface acoustic wave gas sensor has a direct relation with the width and the distance between the input/output interdigital electrodes and the substrate material of the surface acoustic wave gas sensor, so that the surface acoustic wave gas sensor can be a parallel combination of a plurality of surface acoustic wave gas sensors with different resonant frequencies for improving the detection sensitivity and the multi-parameter measurement function, and can capture wider partial discharge signals and realize measurement of a plurality of gas parameters.
In another embodiment, at least two surface acoustic wave gas sensors with different resonant frequencies and independent in parallel are arranged in the sensor unit.
By means of different connection modes, measurement and analysis can be performed for more discharge conditions.
When there are a plurality of surface acoustic wave gas sensors with different resonance frequencies, the deviation of the resonance frequencies of the different surface acoustic wave gas sensors should be greater than or equal to 10% of the average resonance frequency of all the surface acoustic wave gas sensors in the sensor unit, the wireless receiver analyzes the fundamental frequency of each surface acoustic wave gas sensor, and then fourier transform is performed in a range where the resonance frequency of each surface acoustic wave gas sensor is less than or equal to plus or minus 5% to obtain the fundamental frequency f of the corresponding surface acoustic wave gas sensor. Thereby, the fundamental frequencies f corresponding to the surface acoustic wave gas sensors with a plurality of different resonance frequencies can be obtained.
The application also provides a surface acoustic wave gas measuring device with discharge gap energy capture for the method, which comprises a surface acoustic wave gas sensor, wherein the surface acoustic wave gas sensor is provided with an input interdigital electrode and an output interdigital electrode, and a discharge energy capture coil for sensing and collecting discharge signals generated by tested power equipment is also arranged on the surface acoustic wave gas sensor, the output end of the discharge energy capture coil is connected with the input end of the input interdigital electrode on the surface acoustic wave gas sensor, and the output interdigital electrode is connected with a wireless receiver through a transmitting antenna.
The application provides another surface acoustic wave gas measuring device with discharge gap energy capture for the method, which comprises at least two surface acoustic wave gas sensors which are connected in parallel and have different resonant frequencies, and specifically comprises the following components: the input interdigital electrodes and the output interdigital electrodes of each surface acoustic wave gas sensor are arranged on each surface acoustic wave gas sensor and are connected in parallel, and the output interdigital electrodes of each surface acoustic wave gas sensor are connected in parallel; the device is characterized by further comprising a discharge energy capturing coil for sensing and collecting discharge signals generated by the tested power equipment, wherein the output end of the discharge energy capturing coil is connected with the input end of each input interdigital electrode connected in parallel with the surface acoustic wave gas sensor, and the output interdigital electrodes connected in parallel are connected with the wireless receiver through a transmitting antenna.
The application provides another surface acoustic wave gas measuring device with discharge gap energy capture for the method, which comprises at least two surface acoustic wave gas sensors with different resonant frequencies and arranged in parallel and independently, wherein each surface acoustic wave gas sensor is provided with an input interdigital electrode and an output interdigital electrode, and a discharge energy capturing coil for sensing and collecting discharge signals generated by tested power equipment is also arranged, the output end of the discharge energy capturing coil is connected with the input end of the input interdigital electrode of each surface acoustic wave gas sensor in parallel, and the output interdigital electrode of each surface acoustic wave gas sensor is connected with the same wireless receiver through a corresponding transmitting antenna.
The application provides another surface acoustic wave gas measuring device with discharge gap energy capture for the method, which comprises at least two surface acoustic wave gas sensors with different resonant frequencies, wherein each surface acoustic wave gas sensor is provided with an input interdigital electrode and an output interdigital electrode, the input end of each surface acoustic wave gas sensor is correspondingly connected with the output end of a discharge energy capture coil for sensing and collecting discharge signals generated by tested power equipment, and the output interdigital electrodes of each surface acoustic wave gas sensor are respectively connected with the same wireless receiver through corresponding transmitting antennas.
The application provides another surface acoustic wave gas measuring device with discharge gap energy capture for the method, which comprises at least two surface acoustic wave gas sensors with different resonant frequencies, wherein each surface acoustic wave gas sensor is provided with an input interdigital electrode and an output interdigital electrode, the input end of each surface acoustic wave gas sensor is correspondingly connected with the output end of a discharge energy capture coil for sensing and collecting discharge signals generated by tested power equipment, and the output interdigital electrodes of each surface acoustic wave gas sensor are connected in parallel and then connected with a wireless receiver through the same transmitting antenna.
The beneficial effects of the application include:
1. the partial discharge signal is used as starting energy to generate the surface acoustic wave signal for measurement, and frequent external application of electric signals is not needed for measurement, so that the on-site electromagnetic interference is effectively reduced, and the reliability of measurement is obviously improved.
2. The discharge energy capturing coil can also be built into the power equipment to be tested and used as a discharge detection antenna, which is not comparable to the existing external receiver in a manner of transmitting and waiting for receiving signals.
3. The problem of two kinds of physical parameters of gas and discharge are measured simultaneously is solved, and the passive wireless mode that withstand voltage intensity is high does not rely on the sensor power supply has been realized simultaneously again.
4. The fundamental frequency f of the obtained surface acoustic wave gas sensor can be accurately calculated.
5. By means of different combined connection modes, the measurement of various gas parameters can be realized while wider partial discharge signals can be captured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a surface acoustic wave gas measurement apparatus with discharge gap energy capture according to the present application.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a surface acoustic wave gas measurement method with discharge gap energy capture of the present application.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1: surface acoustic wave gas sensor, 11: input interdigital electrode, 12: output interdigital electrode, 2: discharge energy capture coil, 3: transmitting antenna, 4: a wireless receiver.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the application, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the application, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, the surface acoustic wave gas measurement device with discharge gap energy capture comprises a surface acoustic wave gas sensor 1, wherein an input interdigital electrode 11 and an output interdigital electrode 12 are arranged on the surface acoustic wave gas sensor 1, a discharge energy capture coil 2 for sensing and collecting discharge signals generated by tested power equipment is further arranged, the output end of the discharge energy capture coil 2 is connected with the input end of the input interdigital electrode 11 on the surface acoustic wave gas sensor 1, and the output interdigital electrode 12 is connected with a wireless receiver 4 through a transmitting antenna 3.
As shown in fig. 2, when the surface acoustic wave gas measurement apparatus of the present embodiment is used for remembering the surface acoustic wave gas, the method includes the steps of:
A. inducing and collecting a discharge signal generated by the tested power equipment through a discharge energy capturing coil 2, generating a coupling potential by the discharge energy capturing coil 2, applying the coupling potential to the input interdigital electrode 11 connected with the discharge energy capturing coil 2, and generating a pulse voltage on the input interdigital electrode 11, wherein the pulse voltage enables the corresponding surface acoustic wave gas sensor 1 to generate a surface acoustic wave signal;
B. after being propagated through a piezoelectric substrate in the surface acoustic wave gas sensor 1, a surface acoustic wave signal generated by the surface acoustic wave gas sensor 1 generates sound-electricity conversion on an output interdigital electrode 12 of the surface acoustic wave gas sensor 1, so that an electric signal is obtained by a transmitting antenna 3 connected with the output interdigital electrode 12, and the electric signal is transmitted to a wireless receiver 4 through the transmitting antenna 3;
C. after receiving the electric signal emitted by the surface acoustic wave gas sensor 1, the wireless receiver 4 performs fourier transformation on the electric signal to obtain a fundamental frequency f of the surface acoustic wave gas sensor 1, calculates a frequency difference value of a reference value f0 of the fundamental frequency f and the natural resonant frequency of the surface acoustic wave through a formula Δf= |f-f0|, and compares the frequency difference value Δf with data of a database to obtain gas content corresponding to the frequency difference value Δf.
The application replaces the input end antenna of the surface acoustic wave gas sensor 1 by the discharge energy capturing coil 2 (energy capturing coil), and the discharge energy capturing coil 2 only induces voltage signals when discharge pulses exist, thus avoiding various electromagnetic interference problems caused by frequent electric signal receiving. On the other hand, the discharge energy capturing coil 2 may also be built into the device as a discharge detecting antenna, which is not comparable to the way existing external receivers transmit and wait for a received signal.
In the mode of operation of the application, the wireless receiver 4 only receives purely and does not need to transmit signals. The state of the tested power equipment can be obtained in time only by analyzing the received signals, the problem of simultaneous measurement of two physical parameters of gas and discharge is solved, and a passive wireless mode with high withstand voltage strength and no dependence on power supply of a sensor is realized.
The spectral characteristics of the frequency signal emitted by the surface acoustic wave gas sensor 1 after fourier transformation are analyzed, including the analysis of the signal energy and frequency after the removal of the fundamental frequency f, and the characteristic parameters of the discharge pulse signal can be diagnosed.
Because the surface acoustic wave gas sensor 1 has an input end and an output end no matter the resonance type or the delay line type, and part of resonators are connected with the output end and the output end in parallel, the application only needs to treat the input end and the output end differently, and in principle, the input end and the output end can be used in an indistinguishable and mixed mode without special requirements. The specific operation modes of the discharge energy capturing coil 2 and the output antenna are all the prior art, and will not be described in detail again.
Example 2:
on the basis of embodiment 1, in step C, the electrical signal is subjected to fourier transformation and then subjected to spectrum calculation, and the fundamental frequency f of the surface acoustic wave gas sensor 1 is obtained in one of the following ways:
C1. when the energy corresponding to the single frequency f 'is greater than or equal to 65% of the total energy, the single frequency f' is taken as the basic frequency f;
C2. when the energy corresponding to the single frequency f 'is more than or equal to 30% and less than 65% of the total energy, the maximum energy signal frequency of other frequencies after the single frequency f' is removed is f1, if f1/f 'is more than or equal to 40%, delta f2 = |f' -f0| and delta f3 = |f1-f0| are calculated respectively, and the minimum of delta f2 and delta f3 is taken as a basic frequency f;
C3. with a single frequency f' corresponding to less than 30% of the total energy, the acquired data is discarded.
According to different conditions, different modes are adopted to obtain the fundamental frequency f, so that the value of the fundamental frequency f is more accurate.
Example 3:
on the basis of the above embodiment, a plurality of surface acoustic wave gas sensors 1 having different resonance frequencies and being connected in parallel may be provided. Or, a plurality of surface acoustic wave gas sensors 1 having different resonance frequencies and being independent in parallel are provided.
When the surface acoustic wave gas sensor 1 with a plurality of different resonance frequencies is arranged, the characteristics of the resonance frequency of the surface acoustic wave gas sensor 1 are utilized in addition to the characteristic that the discharge energy capturing coil 2 (energy taking coil) automatically triggers the surface acoustic wave gas sensor 1 to work through a partial discharge signal. The resonant frequency of the surface acoustic wave gas sensor 1 has a direct relation with the width and the distance between the two interdigital electrodes of the input/output and the substrate material of the surface acoustic wave gas sensor 1, so that the surface acoustic wave gas sensor 1 can be a parallel or parallel independent combination of a plurality of surface acoustic wave gas sensors 1 with different resonant frequencies for improving the detection sensitivity and the multi-parameter measurement function, and can capture wider partial discharge signals and realize measurement of various gas parameters.
Example 4:
on the basis of embodiment 3, when there are a plurality of surface acoustic wave gas sensors 1 of different resonance frequencies, the deviation of the resonance frequency of the different surface acoustic wave gas sensors 1 should be greater than or equal to 10% of the average resonance frequency of all the surface acoustic wave gas sensors 1 in the sensor unit, the wireless receiver 4 analyzes the fundamental frequency of each surface acoustic wave gas sensor 1, and then fourier transform is performed in a range where the resonance frequency of each surface acoustic wave gas sensor 1 is less than or equal to plus or minus 5% to obtain the fundamental frequency f of the corresponding surface acoustic wave gas sensor 1. Thereby, the fundamental frequency f corresponding to the combination of the surface acoustic wave gas sensors 1 of the plurality of different resonance frequencies can be obtained.
For example, there are three surface acoustic wave gas sensors 1, and the resonant frequencies are designed to be 300M, 350M, 400M, respectively. The corresponding gases are SO2, CO and H respectively 2 S。
The minimum deviation of each surface acoustic wave gas sensor 1 is 50M, which is more than 1/8 of the highest resonance frequency 400M in the three, and the deviation requirement of not less than 10% is met.
After the received signals are subjected to fourier transformation, the wireless receiver 4 searches for frequency signals near three frequency points 300M, 350M and 400M, and the frequency signals are assumed to be 305M, 352M and 400.8MHz respectively, have obvious deviation from the designed resonant frequency, and obtain corresponding gas contents of 10%, 6% and 3% respectively through table lookup or comparison with historical verification data.
Further, in the frequency spectrums around 305M, 352M, 400.8MHz, frequency spectrum observation was performed in the ranges 285 to 314M,315M to 365M, and 380M to 420M, respectively.
The three frequency bands do not intersect, have better independence, and can be analyzed through pulse quantity, frequency distribution and the like of a spectrum observer, wherein the spectrum analysis relates to the known content of some discharge quantity or discharge distribution, and the detailed distinction is not made here.
Also, in order to analyze the remaining total spectrum in addition to the three fundamental frequencies 305M, 352M, 400.8MHz, very valuable information can be obtained.
If only coarse analysis is required, then the greater the spectral density outside the base frequency is removed, indicating a higher discharge intensity. Obviously, when the discharge signal is just very close to the fundamental frequency, the corresponding saw gas sensor 1 has the maximum working energy, and the test data of the saw gas sensors with different fundamental frequencies are greatly different, and can be checked in various ways, for example:
the discharge signal is just around 360MHz, so the emission energy of the two saw gas sensors 1 corresponding to 305M and 400.8M is relatively weak, and therefore, the multiple saw gas sensors are combined, and the analysis of the discharge characteristics can be performed by analyzing the energy difference based on one starting point with different resonance frequencies.
Example 5:
on the basis of the above embodiment, another surface acoustic wave gas measurement device with discharge gap energy capture for the above method of the present application includes at least two surface acoustic wave gas sensors 1 connected in parallel and having different resonance frequencies, specifically: the input interdigital electrode 11 and the output interdigital electrode 12 are arranged on each surface acoustic wave gas sensor 1, the input interdigital electrodes 11 of each surface acoustic wave gas sensor 1 are connected in parallel, and the output interdigital electrodes 12 of each surface acoustic wave gas sensor 1 are connected in parallel; the device is also provided with a discharge energy capturing coil 2 for sensing and collecting discharge signals generated by the tested power equipment, wherein the output end of the discharge energy capturing coil 2 is connected with the input end of an input interdigital electrode 11 connected in parallel with each surface acoustic wave gas sensor 1, and the parallel output interdigital electrode 12 is connected with a wireless receiver 4 through a transmitting antenna 3.
Example 6:
on the basis of the embodiment, the surface acoustic wave gas measuring device with discharge gap energy capture for the method comprises at least two surface acoustic wave gas sensors 1 with different resonant frequencies and arranged in parallel and independently, wherein each surface acoustic wave gas sensor 1 is provided with an input interdigital electrode 11 and an output interdigital electrode 12, and a discharge energy capturing coil 2 for sensing and collecting discharge signals generated by tested power equipment is further arranged, the output end of the discharge energy capturing coil 2 is connected with the input end of the input interdigital electrode 11 of each surface acoustic wave gas sensor 1 in parallel, and the output interdigital electrode 12 of each surface acoustic wave gas sensor 1 is connected with the same wireless receiver 4 through a corresponding transmitting antenna 3.
Example 7:
on the basis of the embodiment, the surface acoustic wave gas measuring device with discharge gap energy capture for the method comprises at least two surface acoustic wave gas sensors 1 with different resonant frequencies, wherein an input interdigital electrode 11 and an output interdigital electrode 12 are arranged on each surface acoustic wave gas sensor 1, the input end of each surface acoustic wave gas sensor 1 is correspondingly connected with the output end of a discharge energy capture coil 2 for sensing and collecting discharge signals generated by tested power equipment, and the output interdigital electrodes 12 of each surface acoustic wave gas sensor 1 are respectively connected with the same wireless receiver 4 through respective corresponding transmitting antennas 3.
The application provides another surface acoustic wave gas measuring device with discharge gap energy capture for the method, which comprises at least two surface acoustic wave gas sensors 1 with different resonant frequencies, wherein each surface acoustic wave gas sensor 1 is provided with an input interdigital electrode 11 and an output interdigital electrode 12, the input end of each surface acoustic wave gas sensor 1 is correspondingly connected with the output end of a discharge energy capture coil 2 for sensing and collecting discharge signals generated by tested power equipment, and the output interdigital electrodes 12 of each surface acoustic wave gas sensor 1 are connected in parallel and then connected with a wireless receiver 4 through the same transmitting antenna 3.
The surface acoustic wave gas sensor is triggered to work by adopting the discharge gap, and the emission function is utilized, so that partial discharge signals of the power equipment are perceived while gas measurement is realized. Therefore, only when the electric equipment discharges, the surface acoustic wave gas sensor starts to passively measure, so that the gas and the discharge are in linkage perception in the working mode, and the linkage of the gas sensor and the discharge is further utilized to further optimize partial discharge or gas parameters, so that the measurement precision can be greatly improved or the fault property can be deeply judged.
The above examples merely illustrate specific embodiments of the application, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make related modifications and improvements without departing from the technical idea of the application, which fall within the protection scope of the application.
Claims (10)
1. The surface acoustic wave gas measurement method with discharge gap energy capture is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
A. the sensor unit is provided with at least one surface acoustic wave gas sensor, and an input interdigital electrode and an output interdigital electrode are arranged on the surface acoustic wave gas sensor; inducing and collecting a discharge signal generated by the tested power equipment through a discharge energy capturing coil, wherein the discharge energy capturing coil generates a coupling potential, the coupling potential is applied to the input interdigital electrode connected with the discharge energy capturing coil, and pulse voltage is generated on the input interdigital electrode, and the pulse voltage enables a corresponding surface acoustic wave gas sensor to generate a surface acoustic wave signal;
B. after being propagated through a piezoelectric substrate in the surface acoustic wave gas sensor, a surface acoustic wave signal generated by the surface acoustic wave gas sensor generates sound-electricity conversion on an output interdigital electrode of the surface acoustic wave gas sensor, so that an electric signal is obtained by a transmitting antenna connected with the output interdigital electrode, and the electric signal is transmitted to a wireless receiver through the transmitting antenna;
C. after the wireless receiver receives the electric signal emitted by the surface acoustic wave gas sensor, the electric signal is subjected to Fourier transformation to obtain the basic frequency f of the surface acoustic wave gas sensor, the frequency difference value of the reference value f0 of the basic frequency f and the natural resonant frequency of the surface acoustic wave is calculated through a formula delta f= |f-f0|, and the frequency difference value delta f is compared with the data of a database to obtain the gas content corresponding to the frequency difference value delta f.
2. The surface acoustic wave gas measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step C, the electrical signal is subjected to fourier transformation and then subjected to spectrum calculation, and the fundamental frequency f of the surface acoustic wave gas sensor is obtained in one of the following ways:
C1. when the energy corresponding to the single frequency f 'is greater than or equal to 65% of the total energy, the single frequency f' is taken as the basic frequency f;
C2. when the energy corresponding to the single frequency f 'is more than or equal to 30% and less than 65% of the total energy, the maximum energy signal frequency of other frequencies after the single frequency f' is removed is f1, if f1/f 'is more than or equal to 40%, delta f2 = |f' -f0| and delta f3 = |f1-f0| are calculated respectively, and the minimum of delta f2 and delta f3 is taken as a basic frequency f;
C3. with a single frequency f' corresponding to less than 30% of the total energy, the acquired data is discarded.
3. The surface acoustic wave gas measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: at least two acoustic surface wave gas sensors with different resonant frequencies and connected in parallel are arranged in the sensor unit.
4. The surface acoustic wave gas measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and at least two acoustic surface wave gas sensors with different resonant frequencies and independent in parallel are arranged in the sensor unit.
5. The surface acoustic wave gas measurement method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: the deviation of the resonance frequency of the different surface acoustic wave gas sensors should be greater than or equal to 10% of the average resonance frequency of all the surface acoustic wave gas sensors in the sensor unit, the wireless receiver analyzes the fundamental frequency of each surface acoustic wave gas sensor, and then fourier transformation is performed in a range where the resonance frequency of each surface acoustic wave gas sensor is less than or equal to plus or minus 5% to obtain the fundamental frequency f of the corresponding surface acoustic wave gas sensor.
6. Surface acoustic wave gas measurement apparatus with discharge gap energy capture for use in the method of one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the surface acoustic wave gas sensor comprises a surface acoustic wave gas sensor (1), wherein an input interdigital electrode (11) and an output interdigital electrode (12) are arranged on the surface acoustic wave gas sensor (1), a discharge energy capturing coil (2) for sensing and collecting discharge signals generated by tested power equipment is further arranged, the output end of the discharge energy capturing coil (2) is connected with the input end of the input interdigital electrode (11) on the surface acoustic wave gas sensor (1), and the output interdigital electrode (12) is connected with a wireless receiver (4) through a transmitting antenna (3).
7. Surface acoustic wave gas measurement apparatus with discharge gap energy capture for use in the method of one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the surface acoustic wave gas sensor comprises at least two surface acoustic wave gas sensors (1) with different resonant frequencies, wherein each surface acoustic wave gas sensor (1) is provided with an input interdigital electrode (11) and an output interdigital electrode (12), the input interdigital electrodes (11) of the surface acoustic wave gas sensors (1) are connected in parallel, and the output interdigital electrodes (12) of the surface acoustic wave gas sensors (1) are connected in parallel; the device is also provided with a discharge energy capturing coil (2) for sensing and collecting discharge signals generated by the tested power equipment, wherein the output end of the discharge energy capturing coil (2) is connected with the input end of an input interdigital electrode (11) connected in parallel with each surface acoustic wave gas sensor (1), and the parallel output interdigital electrode (12) is connected with a wireless receiver (4) through a transmitting antenna (3).
8. Surface acoustic wave gas measurement apparatus with discharge gap energy capture for use in the method of one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the surface acoustic wave gas sensor comprises at least two surface acoustic wave gas sensors (1) which are different in resonance frequency and are arranged in parallel and independently, wherein each surface acoustic wave gas sensor (1) is provided with an input interdigital electrode (11) and an output interdigital electrode (12), a discharge energy capturing coil (2) for sensing and collecting discharge signals generated by tested power equipment is further arranged, the output end of the discharge energy capturing coil (2) is connected with the input end of the input interdigital electrode (11) of each surface acoustic wave gas sensor (1) in parallel, and the output interdigital electrodes (12) of each surface acoustic wave gas sensor (1) are respectively connected with the same wireless receiver (4) through corresponding transmitting antennas (3).
9. Surface acoustic wave gas measurement apparatus with discharge gap energy capture for use in the method of one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the surface acoustic wave gas sensor comprises at least two surface acoustic wave gas sensors (1) with different resonant frequencies, wherein each surface acoustic wave gas sensor (1) is provided with an input interdigital electrode (11) and an output interdigital electrode (12), the input end of each input interdigital electrode (11) of each surface acoustic wave gas sensor (1) is correspondingly connected with the output end of a discharge energy capturing coil (2) for sensing and collecting discharge signals generated by tested power equipment, and the output interdigital electrodes (12) of each surface acoustic wave gas sensor (1) are respectively connected with the same wireless receiver (4) through respective corresponding transmitting antennas (3).
10. Surface acoustic wave gas measurement apparatus with discharge gap energy capture for use in the method of one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the surface acoustic wave gas sensor comprises at least two surface acoustic wave gas sensors (1) with different resonant frequencies, wherein each surface acoustic wave gas sensor (1) is provided with an input interdigital electrode (11) and an output interdigital electrode (12), the input end of each input interdigital electrode (11) of each surface acoustic wave gas sensor (1) is correspondingly connected with the output end of a discharge energy capturing coil (2) for sensing and collecting discharge signals generated by tested power equipment, and the output interdigital electrodes (12) of each surface acoustic wave gas sensor (1) are connected in parallel and then connected with a wireless receiver (4) through the same transmitting antenna (3).
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