CN116698096A - Optical fiber sensing method based on dual-wavelength light source - Google Patents
Optical fiber sensing method based on dual-wavelength light source Download PDFInfo
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- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
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Abstract
The invention discloses an optical fiber sensing method based on a dual-wavelength light source. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a forward sensing optical signal and a local oscillator optical signal set; inputting the forward sensing optical signal into an optical fiber sensor to be detected to obtain a feedback optical signal; determining a sensing data set according to the feedback optical signal and the local oscillator optical signal set; and evaluating at least one parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested according to the sensing data set to obtain an evaluation result of each parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested. By the technical scheme, the optical fiber consumption of sensing application in the power optical cable can be reduced, additional circuits or optical path connection required by synchronization among different sensing systems are avoided, the signal-to-noise ratio reduction of Brillouin scattering caused by power attenuation is reduced, and the frequency shift extraction precision of BOTDR is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of optical fiber sensing, in particular to an optical fiber sensing method based on a dual-wavelength light source.
Background
With the rapid development of optical fiber communication, research and development of optical fiber sensors have attracted a great deal of attention worldwide, and optical fiber sensing technology has also been widely used. In an electric power system, an electric power communication network is continuously built and popularized, safety and health monitoring is carried out on an electric power optical cable, and timely fault discovery or fault prediction is more and more important to loss.
On the power optical cable, the changes of physical quantities such as temperature, strain, vibration and the like are required to be synchronously detected, and the influence of the external environment on the power optical cable is played back in a multi-dimensional mode. Thereby determining the occurrence position and occurrence time of the abnormal event of the communication optical cable, simultaneously determining the property of the abnormal event of the communication optical cable and measuring the reason for the occurrence of the abnormal event of the communication optical cable so as to eliminate the factor causing the power cable fault or predict the occurrence of the power cable fault from the source. However, the application of different types of optical fiber sensing systems to the same optical fiber sensing link increases the overall cost and occupies excessive idle cores of the power cable. On the other hand, in a distributed optical fiber sensing system, detection of changes in physical quantities such as temperature, strain, and vibration is dependent on a low-loss sensing optical fiber link. Loss on the sensing optical fiber link often causes interference to the monitoring of the physical quantity change, especially Brillouin Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (BOTDR) technology uses a brillouin scattering optical signal with weak signal as a detection object, and loss on the optical fiber link can cause great negative influence on the sensing sensitivity of the BOTDR. The loss attenuation of the sensing optical signal in the sensing optical fiber link is great, besides the unavoidable loss attenuation such as intrinsic loss, the loss greatly influencing the sensing optical signal mainly comes from the loss related to attenuation coefficient and the insertion loss of the connecting part caused by bending and other factors, and the manufacturing loss introduced in the optical fiber manufacturing process also exists. Once these losses occur, they are difficult to avoid or eliminate after the deployment of the fiber optic cable, which can make it difficult to obtain accurate quantitative detection of changes in physical quantities such as temperature, strain, and vibration at some sensing points or segments on the sensing fiber optic link.
In view of this, how to overcome the defects existing in the prior art, and solve the problem that the effectiveness of the existing operation and maintenance personnel tracking system is insufficient, is a problem to be solved in the technical field.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides an optical fiber sensing method based on a dual-wavelength light source, which can reduce the optical fiber consumption of sensing application in an electric optical cable, avoid additional circuits or optical path connection required by synchronization among different sensing systems, reduce the signal-to-noise ratio reduction of Brillouin scattering caused by power attenuation, and improve the frequency shift extraction precision of BOTDR.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an optical fiber sensing method based on a dual wavelength light source, including:
acquiring a forward sensing optical signal and a local oscillator optical signal set;
inputting the forward sensing optical signal into an optical fiber sensor to be detected to obtain a feedback optical signal;
determining a sensing data set according to the feedback optical signal and the local oscillator optical signal set;
and evaluating at least one parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested according to the sensing data set to obtain an evaluation result of each parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an optical fiber sensing device based on a dual wavelength light source, the device comprising:
The acquisition module is used for acquiring the forward sensing optical signal and the local oscillation optical signal set;
the input module is used for inputting the forward sensing optical signal into the optical fiber sensor to be detected to obtain a feedback optical signal;
the determining module is used for determining a sensing data set according to the feedback optical signal and the local oscillation optical signal set;
and the evaluation module is used for evaluating at least one parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested according to the sensing data set to obtain an evaluation result of each parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electronic apparatus including:
at least one processor; and
a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein,,
the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the dual wavelength light source-based optical fiber sensing method of any one of the embodiments of the present invention.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a processor to implement the dual wavelength light source-based optical fiber sensing method according to any one of the embodiments of the present invention when executed.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the forward sensing optical signal is input into the optical fiber sensor to be tested by acquiring the forward sensing optical signal and the local oscillation optical signal set, so that the feedback optical signal is obtained, the sensing data set is determined according to the feedback optical signal and the local oscillation optical signal set, and at least one parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested is evaluated according to the sensing data set, so that an evaluation result of each parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested is obtained. By the technical scheme, the optical fiber consumption of sensing application in the power optical cable can be reduced, additional circuits or optical path connection required by synchronization among different sensing systems are avoided, the signal-to-noise ratio reduction of Brillouin scattering caused by power attenuation is reduced, and the frequency shift extraction precision of BOTDR is improved.
It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or critical features of the embodiments of the invention or to delineate the scope of the invention. Other features of the present invention will become apparent from the description that follows.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a fiber sensing method based on a dual wavelength light source in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a fiber optic sensing system based on a dual wavelength light source in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a fiber optic sensing device based on a dual wavelength light source in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device implementing a fiber optic sensing method based on a dual wavelength light source according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present invention, a technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and the claims of the present invention and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that the embodiments of the invention described herein may be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Example 1
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for optical fiber sensing based on a dual-wavelength light source according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the method may be performed by an optical fiber sensing device based on a dual-wavelength light source according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the device may be implemented in software and/or hardware, as shown in fig. 1, and the method specifically includes the following steps:
s101, acquiring a forward sensing optical signal and a local oscillation optical signal set.
In this embodiment, the forward sensing optical signal may be an optical signal input to the optical fiber sensor to be measured for detecting the optical fiber sensor to be measured.
Optionally, the local oscillator optical signal set includes: the first local oscillator optical signal and the second local oscillator optical signal.
Acquiring a forward sensing optical signal and a local oscillator optical signal set, including:
a dual wavelength optical signal is acquired.
In this embodiment, the dual wavelength optical signal may be a laser signal emitted by a dual wavelength laser. The first wavelength laser in the dual wavelength laser is a narrow linewidth laser, the central wavelength is 1550.12nm, the linewidth is 100kHz, and the first wavelength laser is used as a BOTDR (Brillouin optical time Domain reflectometer) light source and a phi-OTDR (phi-optical time Domain reflectometer light source) light source; the center wavelength of the second wavelength laser in the dual-wavelength laser is 1560nm, the line width is greater than or equal to 1nm, and the OTDR is used for obtaining distributed loss data by distributed detection of scattering intensity changes as an optical time domain reflectometer light source.
Dividing the dual-wavelength optical signals to obtain forward sensing optical signals, first local oscillator optical signals and second local oscillator optical signals.
In a specific embodiment, the dual wavelength laser emits a dual wavelength optical signal, and the dual wavelength optical signal passes through the first optical splitter, and the first optical splitter divides the dual wavelength optical signal into three paths: the first path is used as a forward sensing optical signal and is input into an optical fiber sensor to be detected; the second path of optical signals are used as first local oscillation optical signals, participate in BOTDR interference, and the third path of optical signals are used as second local oscillation optical signals, participate in phi-OTDR interference. BOTDR is used for detecting temperature and physical quantity change of strain in a distributed mode; phi-OTDR is used for distributed detection of changes in vibration physical quantity.
S102, inputting the forward sensing optical signal into an optical fiber sensor to be detected, and obtaining a feedback optical signal.
The optical fiber sensor to be measured can be a light sensor to be subjected to parameter evaluation.
It should be explained that the feedback optical signal may be a signal returned by the optical fiber sensor to be measured after the forward sensing optical signal is input into the optical fiber sensor to be measured.
Specifically, the forward sensing optical signal is input into the optical fiber sensor to be detected, and the signal returned by the optical fiber sensor to be detected is obtained.
S103, determining a sensing data set according to the feedback optical signal and the local oscillation optical signal set.
It should be noted that the sensing data set may be a set of sensing data for evaluating each parameter of the optical fiber sensor to be measured.
Specifically, a sensing data set is determined according to the feedback optical signal and the local oscillator optical signal set.
S104, evaluating at least one parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested according to the sensing data set to obtain an evaluation result of each parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested.
The parameter may be a parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be measured and used for characterizing some properties of the optical fiber sensor to be measured. For example, parameters corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be measured may include: temperature, strain, vibration, loss, etc.
The evaluation result may be a result obtained after each parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested is evaluated.
Specifically, at least one parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested is evaluated according to the sensing data set, and an evaluation result of each parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested is obtained, so that a worker can rapidly judge the environmental condition and the damage condition of the optical cable line.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the forward sensing optical signal is input into the optical fiber sensor to be tested by acquiring the forward sensing optical signal and the local oscillation optical signal set, so that the feedback optical signal is obtained, the sensing data set is determined according to the feedback optical signal and the local oscillation optical signal set, and at least one parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested is evaluated according to the sensing data set, so that an evaluation result of each parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested is obtained. By the technical scheme, the optical fiber consumption of sensing application in the power optical cable can be reduced, additional circuits or optical path connection required by synchronization among different sensing systems are avoided, the signal-to-noise ratio reduction of Brillouin scattering caused by power attenuation is reduced, and the frequency shift extraction precision of BOTDR is improved.
Optionally, the feedback optical signal includes: a first optical signal and a second optical signal; the first optical signal includes: brillouin optical signals and phase sensitive reflected optical signals.
In a specific embodiment, a feedback optical signal transmitted back by an optical fiber sensor to be tested is divided into two parts after passing through an optical wavelength division multiplexer: the first optical signal and the second optical signal, specifically, the first optical signal is divided into two parts after passing through the optical splitter: brillouin optical signals and phase sensitive reflected optical signals.
Determining a sensing data set according to the feedback optical signal and the local oscillator optical signal set, including:
and determining an envelope signal according to the first local oscillation optical signal and the Brillouin scattering optical signal.
The envelope signal may be a signal obtained by coupling the first local oscillation optical signal and the brillouin scattering optical signal.
Specifically, the first local oscillation optical signal and the brillouin scattering optical signal are coupled to obtain a beat signal between the first local oscillation optical signal and the brillouin scattering optical signal, the beat signal is filtered through a balance detector and an electric band-pass filter, and then detected through a detector to finally obtain an envelope signal.
And determining a disturbance signal according to the second local oscillation optical signal and the phase sensitive type reflected optical signal.
The disturbance signal may be a signal obtained by coupling the second local oscillation optical signal and the phase sensitive type reflected optical signal.
Specifically, the second local oscillator optical signal and the phase sensitive type reflected optical signal are coupled to obtain a beat signal between the second local oscillator optical signal and the phase sensitive type reflected optical signal, and the beat signal is passed through a balance detector to finally obtain a disturbance signal.
A power signal is determined from the second optical signal.
The power signal may be a signal for evaluating a loss parameter of the optical fiber sensor under test.
Specifically, the second optical signal is input to an avalanche detector to obtain a power signal.
A set of sensed data is determined from the envelope signal, the disturbance signal and the power signal.
Specifically, the data acquisition card acquires three signals, namely an envelope signal, a disturbance signal and a power signal, and sends the three signals to the processor, and the processor determines a sensing data set according to the three signals.
Optionally, parameters corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be measured include: at least one of a temperature parameter, a strain parameter, a vibration parameter, and a loss parameter.
Evaluating at least one parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested according to the sensing data set to obtain an evaluation result of each parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested, wherein the evaluation result comprises the following steps:
and evaluating at least one parameter of the temperature parameter, the strain parameter, the vibration parameter and the loss parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested according to at least one of the disturbance signal, the envelope signal and the power signal, and obtaining an evaluation result of each parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested.
Specifically, the vibration parameters corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested can be evaluated according to the disturbance signals, and the evaluation result of the vibration parameters corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested is obtained; according to the envelope signal, determining and evaluating the temperature parameter or the strain parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested, and obtaining an evaluation result of the temperature parameter or the strain parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested; and according to the power signal, determining and evaluating the loss parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested, and obtaining an evaluation result of the loss parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested.
Optionally, the evaluating step of evaluating at least one parameter of a temperature parameter, a strain parameter, a vibration parameter and a loss parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested according to at least one of a disturbance signal, an envelope signal and a power signal to obtain an evaluation result of each parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested includes:
the current intensity value of the disturbance signal is obtained.
The current intensity value may be an intensity value of the disturbance signal at the current time.
In this embodiment, the intensity value of the disturbance signal is obtained in real time, the intensity value of the disturbance signal is judged according to the intensity value of the disturbance signal, the intensity value of the disturbance signal of the signal to be measured changes after the optical fiber sensor to be measured is disturbed, the intensity value change amount is calculated, and whether the optical fiber sensor to be measured vibrates is judged according to the set threshold value.
And if the current intensity value of the disturbance signal is different from the historical intensity value of the disturbance signal, acquiring the intensity change value of the disturbance signal.
The historical intensity value may be an intensity value of the disturbance signal obtained at a historical time.
The intensity variation value may be a variation between a current intensity value of the disturbance signal and a historical intensity value of the disturbance signal.
Specifically, the current intensity value of the disturbance signal is obtained, the historical intensity value of the disturbance signal is obtained, the current intensity value of the disturbance signal and the historical intensity value of the disturbance signal are compared, and if the current intensity value of the disturbance signal and the historical intensity value of the disturbance signal are different, the intensity change value of the disturbance signal is calculated.
If the intensity change value of the disturbance signal is larger than or equal to a first preset threshold value, determining that the evaluation result of the vibration parameter is that the optical fiber sensor to be tested vibrates.
The first preset threshold may be a threshold preset by a user according to an actual situation, which is not limited in this embodiment.
Specifically, if the intensity variation value of the disturbance signal is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold value, determining that the evaluation result of the vibration parameter is that the optical fiber sensor to be tested vibrates; if the intensity change value of the disturbance signal is smaller than a first preset threshold value, determining that the evaluation result of the vibration parameter is that the optical fiber sensor to be tested does not vibrate.
Optionally, the evaluating step of evaluating at least one parameter of a temperature parameter, a strain parameter, a vibration parameter and a loss parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested according to at least one of a disturbance signal, an envelope signal and a power signal to obtain an evaluation result of each parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested includes:
and acquiring the power variation of the envelope signal and the variation of the Brillouin frequency shift corresponding to the envelope signal.
The power change amount may be an amount by which a change occurs between the power at the present time and the power at the historic time of the envelope signal. The amount of change in the brillouin shift may be an amount by which the brillouin shift corresponding to the envelope signal changes between the current time and the historical time.
Specifically, the power variation of the envelope signal and the variation of the brillouin frequency shift corresponding to the envelope signal are obtained.
If the power variation of the envelope signal is greater than or equal to a second preset threshold, evaluating the temperature parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested, and determining an evaluation result of the temperature parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested according to the variation of the Brillouin frequency shift.
The second preset threshold may be a threshold preset by the user according to an actual situation, which is not limited in this embodiment.
In the actual operation process, the temperature parameter or the strain parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested is determined according to the power variation of the envelope signal and a second preset threshold value, the power variation belongs to the temperature, and the strain is the strain without obvious variation.
Specifically, if the power variation of the envelope signal is greater than or equal to a second preset threshold, evaluating the temperature parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested, and determining an evaluation result of the temperature parameter corresponding to the disturbance position of the optical fiber sensor to be tested according to the variation of the brillouin frequency shift.
If the power variation of the envelope signal is smaller than a second preset threshold, evaluating the strain parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested, and determining an evaluation result of the strain parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested according to the variation of the Brillouin frequency shift.
Specifically, if the power variation of the envelope signal is smaller than a second preset threshold, the strain parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested is evaluated, and the evaluation result of the strain parameter corresponding to the disturbance position of the optical fiber sensor to be tested is determined according to the variation of the brillouin frequency shift.
Optionally, the evaluating step of evaluating at least one parameter of a temperature parameter, a strain parameter, a vibration parameter and a loss parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested according to at least one of a disturbance signal, an envelope signal and a power signal to obtain an evaluation result of each parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested includes:
a current power value of the power signal is obtained.
The current power value may be a strength value of the power signal at the current time.
In this embodiment, the power value of the power signal is obtained in real time, and the loss of the optical fiber sensor to be measured is measured according to the calculated power value variation.
And if the current power value of the power signal is different from the historical power value of the power signal, acquiring a power variation value of the power signal.
The historical power value may be a power value of the power signal obtained at a historical time.
Wherein the power change value may be an amount of change between a current power value of the power signal and a historical power value of the power signal.
Specifically, the current power value of the power signal is obtained, the historical power value of the power signal is obtained, the current power value of the power signal and the historical power value of the power signal are compared, and if the current power value of the power signal and the historical power value of the power signal are different, the power change value of the power signal is calculated.
And determining the loss corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be measured according to the power variation value of the power signal.
The loss amount may be a loss amount of the optical fiber sensor to be measured.
Specifically, the loss amount corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be measured is measured according to the power change value of the power signal.
As an exemplary description of the present embodiment, fig. 2 is a block diagram of an optical fiber sensing system based on a dual wavelength light source in an embodiment of the present invention. In a specific embodiment, the optical fiber sensing method based on the dual wavelength light source of the present embodiment may be implemented according to an optical fiber sensing system based on the dual wavelength light source. As shown in fig. 2, the optical fiber sensing system based on the dual wavelength light source includes: dual wavelength lasers, first optical splitters, SOAs (semiconductor optical amplifiers), pulse sources, EDFAs (erbitux dopes amplifiers), circulators, fiber optic sensors to be measured, WDM (wavelength division multiplexing), second optical splitters, MZMs (Mach-zehnder modulators), microwave sources, scramblers, first couplers, first detectors (essentially balanced detectors), bandpass filters, detectors, radio frequency drivers, AOMs (Acousto-optic modulators), second couplers, balanced detectors, avalanche detectors, DAQ (DataAcquisition cards).
The pulse source and the processor are connected through the DAQ to synchronize the sending of the pulse and the collection of the signal. Data transmission is performed between the DAQ and the processor by PCIE (peripheral component interconnect express), a high-speed serial computer expansion bus standard. The SOA is used to generate intensity modulated optical pulses under the drive of a pulse source. The microwave source drives the MZM to carry out intensity modulation on the first local oscillation light to generate a double-sideband local oscillation optical signal so as to realize the down-conversion of the beat frequency signal. The MZM is driven by a microwave source, the output frequency of the microwave source is 10 GHz-12 GHz so as to cover the Brillouin scattering frequency of the optical fiber, and the point-by-point scanning stepping can be set to be 2MHz.
The first optical splitter is sequentially connected with the AOM and the second coupler, and the radio frequency driver is connected with a radio frequency signal input end of the AOM. The AOM has a frequency shift function, and the frequency of the second local oscillator optical signal is increased or decreased under the drive of the radio frequency driver, and preferably, the acousto-optic modulator can increase the frequency of the second local oscillator optical signal by 80MHz. The purpose is to reduce the frequency of the beat signal after interference so as to facilitate the detection of the beat light signal.
Wherein the WDM is serially connected between the circulator and the second optical splitter. Specifically, the multiplexing port of the WDM is connected to the third port of the circulator, the first frequency division port of the WDM is connected to the second optical splitter, and the second frequency division port of the WDM is connected to the avalanche detector. The feedback optical signal returned by the optical fiber sensor to be measured is divided into two parts by WDM: a first optical signal and a second optical signal; specifically, the first optical signal is divided into two parts after passing through the second optical splitter: brillouin scattered light signals and phase sensitive reflected light signals; the Brillouin scattering optical signal is input into a first coupler to be coupled with a first local oscillation optical signal, and finally an envelope signal is obtained; the phase sensitive type reflected optical signal is input into a second coupler to be coupled with a second local oscillation optical signal, and finally a disturbance signal is obtained; the second optical signal is directly input into an avalanche detector, and finally a power signal is obtained.
A filter is also connected in series between the first optical splitter and the MZM optical path and is used for filtering a second wavelength optical signal contained in the first local oscillation light; and a filter is also connected in series between the first optical splitter and the AOM and is used for filtering the first wavelength optical signal contained in the second local oscillation light.
The first coupler is used for BOTDR interference, and the second coupler is used for phi-OTDR (Phase-sensitive optical time-Domain reflectometer) interference. The dual wavelength laser may be embodied as an ultra-narrow linewidth (less than 1 kHz) tunable laser operating at 1550.12 nm. The pulse source specifically generates rectangular pulses of about 100ns duration with a pulse period of 100us. The pulsed optical signal is passed through the EDFA to increase the optical power of the optical signal. The amplified spontaneous emission of the EDFA is filtered out by a filter (fiber bragg grating) having a passband of about 0.8nm, and then the amplified pulsed optical signal is injected as a probe pulse into the optical fiber sensor to be measured through an optical circulator.
The first optical splitter divides the dual-wavelength optical signals emitted by the dual-wavelength laser into three paths, the first path is used as a forward sensing optical signal to enter the optical fiber sensor to be tested through the SOA, the EFDA and the circulator, the second path is used as a first local oscillation optical signal to enter the first coupler through the MZM and the polarization scrambler to participate in the interference of the BOTDR, and the third path is used as a second local oscillation optical signal to enter the second coupler to participate in the interference of the phi-OTDR. BOTDR is used for detecting temperature and physical quantity change of strain in a distributed mode; phi-OTDR is used for distributed detection of changes in vibration physical quantity.
The light splitting ratio of the first light splitter is specifically 8:1:1, the second light splitter can be specifically a common light splitter with the light splitting ratio of 50:50, and the coupling ratio of the first coupler is 50:50, the coupling ratio of the second coupler is 50:50.
the dual-wavelength laser is linearly polarized light, the polarization direction is along a fast axis or a slow axis (the light passing axis of the polarization maintaining optical fiber, the optical fiber output by the dual-wavelength laser is polarization maintaining), the dual-wavelength laser is connected with the first optical splitter, the second optical coupler is connected with the MZM, the MZM is connected with the polarization scrambler, and the first optical splitter is specifically a polarization maintaining optical splitter, and the second optical coupler is a polarization maintaining coupler. The polarization maintaining coupler and the polarization maintaining fiber are used for maintaining the original polarization state of the linearly polarized light, and preventing the local oscillation optical signal from changing into elliptical polarization state from being influenced by temperature and stress changes on the local oscillation optical path, and the unstable polarization state of the local oscillation light influences the interference signal quality.
The first local oscillation optical signal and the brillouin scattering optical signal pass through 50: the 50 coupler is coherent and is converted into an electrical signal by a first detector (essentially a balanced detector), which is subsequently passed through a band-pass filter (center frequency 600MHz, bandwidth 30 MHz) and a detector to obtain an envelope signal.
The polarization scrambler is connected in series on the light path between the MZM and the first coupler, and the polarization scrambler enables the polarization state of the laser to change randomly and rapidly so as to compensate polarization fading when the first local oscillation optical signal interferes with the Brillouin scattering optical signal.
The embodiment of the invention adopts BOTDR and phi-OTDR multiplexing technology of scattered signals, avoids time-sharing switching on an optical path, and reduces the optical fiber consumption of sensing application in an electric power optical cable; in addition, because of multiplexing scattered signals of sensing light, physical quantity change detection of temperature, strain and vibration has good synchronism, and extra circuits or optical path connection required by synchronization among different sensing systems is avoided. On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention adopts the other sensing optical signal with the line width of 1nm generated by the dual-wavelength laser and the BOTDR and phi-OTDR multiplexing sensing optical fiber to synchronously perform distributed loss quantitative detection on the sensing optical fiber, and compensates the power fluctuation of the Brillouin backward scattering signal caused by loss by using the loss quantitative detection result, thereby reducing the signal-to-noise ratio reduction of the Brillouin scattering caused by power attenuation and improving the frequency shift extraction precision of the BOTDR.
Example two
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber sensing device based on a dual-wavelength light source in an embodiment of the invention. The present embodiment may be applied to the case of optical fiber sensing based on a dual-wavelength light source, and the device may be implemented in a software and/or hardware manner, and may be integrated in any device that provides a function of optical fiber sensing based on a dual-wavelength light source, as shown in fig. 3, where the optical fiber sensing device based on a dual-wavelength light source specifically includes: an acquisition module 201, an input module 202, a determination module 203 and an evaluation module 204.
The acquisition module 201 is configured to acquire a set of forward sensing optical signals and local oscillation optical signals;
the input module 202 is configured to input the forward sensing optical signal into an optical fiber sensor to be tested, so as to obtain a feedback optical signal;
a determining module 203, configured to determine a sensing data set according to the feedback optical signal and the local oscillator optical signal set;
and the evaluation module 204 is configured to evaluate at least one parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested according to the sensing data set, so as to obtain an evaluation result of each parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested.
Optionally, the local oscillator optical signal set includes: the first local oscillator optical signal and the second local oscillator optical signal;
the acquisition module 201 includes:
an acquisition unit configured to acquire a dual-wavelength optical signal;
the dividing unit is used for dividing the dual-wavelength optical signals to obtain forward sensing optical signals, first local oscillator optical signals and second local oscillator optical signals.
Optionally, the feedback optical signal includes: a first optical signal and a second optical signal; the first optical signal includes: brillouin scattered light signals and phase sensitive reflected light signals;
the determining module 203 includes:
The first determining unit is used for determining an envelope signal according to the first local oscillation optical signal and the Brillouin scattering optical signal;
the second determining unit is used for determining a disturbance signal according to the second local oscillation optical signal and the phase sensitive type reflected optical signal;
a third determining unit configured to determine a power signal according to the second optical signal;
a fourth determining unit for determining a set of sensor data from the envelope signal, the disturbance signal and the power signal.
Optionally, the parameters corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be measured include: at least one of a temperature parameter, a strain parameter, a vibration parameter, and a loss parameter;
the evaluation module 204 includes:
and the evaluation unit is used for evaluating at least one parameter of a temperature parameter, a strain parameter, a vibration parameter and a loss parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested according to at least one of the disturbance signal, the envelope signal and the power signal to obtain an evaluation result of each parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested.
Optionally, the evaluation unit includes:
the first acquisition subunit is used for acquiring the current intensity value of the disturbance signal;
The second obtaining subunit is used for obtaining the intensity change value of the disturbance signal if the current intensity value of the disturbance signal is different from the historical intensity value of the disturbance signal;
and the first determination subunit is used for determining that the optical fiber sensor to be tested vibrates according to the evaluation result of the vibration parameter if the intensity change value of the disturbance signal is larger than or equal to a first preset threshold value.
Optionally, the evaluation unit includes:
a third obtaining subunit, configured to obtain a power variation of the envelope signal and a variation of a brillouin frequency shift corresponding to the envelope signal;
the first evaluation subunit is configured to evaluate a temperature parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested if the power variation of the envelope signal is greater than or equal to a second preset threshold, and determine an evaluation result of the temperature parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested according to the variation of the brillouin frequency shift;
and the second evaluation subunit is used for evaluating the strain parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested if the power variation of the envelope signal is smaller than the second preset threshold value, and determining an evaluation result of the strain parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested according to the variation of the Brillouin frequency shift.
Optionally, the evaluation unit includes:
a fourth obtaining subunit, configured to obtain a current power value of the power signal;
a fifth obtaining subunit, configured to obtain a power variation value of the power signal if the current power value of the power signal is different from the historical power value of the power signal;
and the second determining subunit is used for determining the loss amount corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be detected according to the power change value of the power signal.
The optical fiber sensing method based on the dual-wavelength light source provided by any embodiment of the invention can be executed by the product, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of executing the optical fiber sensing method based on the dual-wavelength light source.
Example III
Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of an electronic device 30 that may be used to implement an embodiment of the invention. Electronic devices are intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptops, desktops, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframes, and other appropriate computers. Electronic equipment may also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processing, cellular telephones, smartphones, wearable devices (e.g., helmets, glasses, watches, etc.), and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions, are meant to be exemplary only, and are not meant to limit implementations of the inventions described and/or claimed herein.
As shown in fig. 4, the electronic device 30 includes at least one processor 31, and a memory, such as a Read Only Memory (ROM) 32, a Random Access Memory (RAM) 33, etc., communicatively connected to the at least one processor 31, wherein the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the processor 31 can perform various suitable actions and processes according to the computer program stored in the Read Only Memory (ROM) 32 or the computer program loaded from the storage unit 38 into the Random Access Memory (RAM) 33. In the RAM33, various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 30 may also be stored. The processor 31, the ROM32 and the RAM33 are connected to each other via a bus 34. An input/output (I/O) interface 35 is also connected to bus 34.
Various components in electronic device 30 are connected to I/O interface 35, including: an input unit 36 such as a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output unit 37 such as various types of displays, speakers, and the like; a storage unit 38 such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, or the like; and a communication unit 39 such as a network card, modem, wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 39 allows the electronic device 30 to exchange information/data with other devices via a computer network, such as the internet, and/or various telecommunication networks.
The processor 31 may be a variety of general and/or special purpose processing components having processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of processor 31 include, but are not limited to, a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), various specialized Artificial Intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, digital Signal Processors (DSPs), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. The processor 31 performs the various methods and processes described above, such as a fiber optic sensing method based on a dual wavelength light source:
acquiring a forward sensing optical signal and a local oscillator optical signal set;
inputting the forward sensing optical signal into an optical fiber sensor to be detected to obtain a feedback optical signal;
determining a sensing data set according to the feedback optical signal and the local oscillator optical signal set;
and evaluating at least one parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested according to the sensing data set to obtain an evaluation result of each parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested.
In some embodiments, the fiber optic sensing method based on a dual wavelength light source may be implemented as a computer program tangibly embodied on a computer readable storage medium, such as storage unit 38. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program may be loaded and/or installed onto the electronic device 30 via the ROM32 and/or the communication unit 39. When the computer program is loaded into RAM33 and executed by processor 31, one or more steps of the dual wavelength light source based fiber optic sensing method described above may be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the processor 31 may be configured to perform the dual wavelength light source based fiber optic sensing method in any other suitable manner (e.g., by means of firmware).
Various implementations of the systems and techniques described here above may be implemented in digital electronic circuitry, integrated circuit systems, field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), application Specific Standard Products (ASSPs), systems On Chip (SOCs), load programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and/or combinations thereof. These various embodiments may include: implemented in one or more computer programs, the one or more computer programs may be executed and/or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which may be a special purpose or general-purpose programmable processor, that may receive data and instructions from, and transmit data and instructions to, a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device.
A computer program for carrying out methods of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that the computer programs, when executed by the processor, cause the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks to be implemented. The computer program may execute entirely on the machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on the remote machine or server.
In the context of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium may be a tangible medium that can contain, or store a computer program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The computer readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Alternatively, the computer readable storage medium may be a machine readable signal medium. More specific examples of a machine-readable storage medium would include an electrical connection based on one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
To provide for interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described here can be implemented on an electronic device having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to a user; and a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse or a trackball) through which a user can provide input to the electronic device. Other kinds of devices may also be used to provide for interaction with a user; for example, feedback provided to the user may be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user may be received in any form, including acoustic input, speech input, or tactile input.
The systems and techniques described here can be implemented in a computing system that includes a background component (e.g., as a data server), or that includes a middleware component (e.g., an application server), or that includes a front-end component (e.g., a user computer having a graphical user interface or a web browser through which a user can interact with an implementation of the systems and techniques described here), or any combination of such background, middleware, or front-end components. The components of the system can be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: local Area Networks (LANs), wide Area Networks (WANs), blockchain networks, and the internet.
The computing system may include clients and servers. The client and server are typically remote from each other and typically interact through a communication network. The relationship of client and server arises by virtue of computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship to each other. The server can be a cloud server, also called a cloud computing server or a cloud host, and is a host product in a cloud computing service system, so that the defects of high management difficulty and weak service expansibility in the traditional physical hosts and VPS service are overcome.
It should be appreciated that various forms of the flows shown above may be used to reorder, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in the present invention may be performed in parallel, sequentially, or in a different order, so long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present invention are achieved, and the present invention is not limited herein.
The above embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and alternatives are possible, depending on design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An optical fiber sensing method based on a dual wavelength light source, comprising:
acquiring a forward sensing optical signal and a local oscillator optical signal set;
inputting the forward sensing optical signal into an optical fiber sensor to be detected to obtain a feedback optical signal;
determining a sensing data set according to the feedback optical signal and the local oscillator optical signal set;
and evaluating at least one parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested according to the sensing data set to obtain an evaluation result of each parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the set of local oscillator optical signals comprises: the first local oscillator optical signal and the second local oscillator optical signal;
acquiring a forward sensing optical signal and a local oscillator optical signal set, including:
acquiring a dual-wavelength optical signal;
and dividing the dual-wavelength optical signals to obtain forward sensing optical signals, first local oscillator optical signals and second local oscillator optical signals.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the feedback optical signal comprises: a first optical signal and a second optical signal; the first optical signal includes: brillouin scattered light signals and phase sensitive reflected light signals;
determining a sensing data set according to the feedback optical signal and the local oscillator optical signal set, including:
determining an envelope signal according to the first local oscillator optical signal and the brillouin scattering optical signal;
determining a disturbance signal according to the second local oscillator optical signal and the phase sensitive type reflected optical signal;
determining a power signal from the second optical signal;
a set of sensing data is determined from the envelope signal, the disturbance signal and the power signal.
4. A method according to claim 3, wherein the parameters corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be measured include: at least one of a temperature parameter, a strain parameter, a vibration parameter, and a loss parameter;
Evaluating at least one parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested according to the sensing data set to obtain an evaluation result of each parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested, wherein the evaluation result comprises the following steps:
and evaluating at least one parameter of a temperature parameter, a strain parameter, a vibration parameter and a loss parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested according to at least one of the disturbance signal, the envelope signal and the power signal, and obtaining an evaluation result of each parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein evaluating at least one of a temperature parameter, a strain parameter, a vibration parameter, and a loss parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be measured according to at least one of the disturbance signal, the envelope signal, and the power signal, to obtain an evaluation result of each parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be measured, comprises:
acquiring a current intensity value of the disturbance signal;
if the current intensity value of the disturbance signal is different from the historical intensity value of the disturbance signal, acquiring an intensity change value of the disturbance signal;
if the intensity change value of the disturbance signal is larger than or equal to a first preset threshold value, determining that the evaluation result of the vibration parameter is that the optical fiber sensor to be tested vibrates.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein evaluating at least one of a temperature parameter, a strain parameter, a vibration parameter, and a loss parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be measured according to at least one of the disturbance signal, the envelope signal, and the power signal, to obtain an evaluation result of each parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be measured, comprises:
acquiring the power variation of the envelope signal and the variation of the brillouin frequency shift corresponding to the envelope signal;
if the power variation of the envelope signal is greater than or equal to a second preset threshold value, evaluating the temperature parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested, and determining an evaluation result of the temperature parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested according to the variation of the Brillouin frequency shift;
and if the power variation of the envelope signal is smaller than the second preset threshold, evaluating the strain parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested, and determining an evaluation result of the strain parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested according to the variation of the Brillouin frequency shift.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein evaluating at least one of a temperature parameter, a strain parameter, a vibration parameter, and a loss parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be measured according to at least one of the disturbance signal, the envelope signal, and the power signal, to obtain an evaluation result of each parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be measured, comprises:
Acquiring a current power value of the power signal;
if the current power value of the power signal is different from the historical power value of the power signal, acquiring a power variation value of the power signal;
and determining the loss amount corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be measured according to the power variation value of the power signal.
8. An optical fiber sensing device based on a dual wavelength light source, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the forward sensing optical signal and the local oscillation optical signal set;
the input module is used for inputting the forward sensing optical signal into the optical fiber sensor to be detected to obtain a feedback optical signal;
the determining module is used for determining a sensing data set according to the feedback optical signal and the local oscillation optical signal set;
and the evaluation module is used for evaluating at least one parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested according to the sensing data set to obtain an evaluation result of each parameter corresponding to the optical fiber sensor to be tested.
9. An electronic device, the electronic device comprising:
at least one processor; and
a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein,,
the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the dual wavelength light source based optical fiber sensing method of any one of claims 1-7.
10. A computer readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a processor to implement the dual wavelength light source based optical fiber sensing method of any one of claims 1-7 when executed.
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