CN101958749B - On-line optical cable monitoring method - Google Patents
On-line optical cable monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101958749B CN101958749B CN201010235636A CN201010235636A CN101958749B CN 101958749 B CN101958749 B CN 101958749B CN 201010235636 A CN201010235636 A CN 201010235636A CN 201010235636 A CN201010235636 A CN 201010235636A CN 101958749 B CN101958749 B CN 101958749B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an improved on-line optical cable monitoring method. In an optical time domain reflectometer, a laser connected with a ring coupler is a DFB-LD laser with a refrigerator; the refrigerator and the DFB-LD laser are respectively connected with a refrigerator driving circuit and a laser driving circuit; the refrigerator driving circuit, the laser driving circuit and an A/D conversion circuit are connected with an FPGA control unit; and the FPGA control unit is connected with a network communication interface. During monitoring, the refrigeration current of the refrigerator is 500-900mA, pulse signals Pulse1 for starting the laser driving circuit and square signals Pulse2 for starting the refrigerator driving circuit, which are generated by the FPGA control unit, have the same period of 10-30s, and the duty ratio of the square signals Pulse2 is less than or equal to 50 percent. The method has the advantages of reducing light intensity noise, having small OTDR curve waves, little influencing optical signals in communication service, meeting the requirement of on-line optical cable monitoring, and improving the accuracy of analyzing and judging optical cable states and event points by on-line optical cable monitoring equipment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical-fibre communications, particularly relate to a kind of method of optical cable on-line monitoring.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of optical fiber communication technology, the continuous expansion of optical-fiber network, the regular maintenance of optical cable and safety seem more and more important.Some are being carried the special optical cable circuit of important information, unblocked and safe and reliable in order to guarantee it, carried out the optical cable on-line monitoring.In optical cable on-line monitoring equipment, optical time domain reflectometer (being OTDR) is being played the part of crucial role.
OTDR is actually the tester based on Rayleigh scattering and Fresnel reflection principle work.Through control OTDR light source; Send a series of test light pulses periodically; Squeeze in the optical fiber, because of Rayleigh back scattering and Fresnel reflection take place, the part light pulse turns back among the OTDR; Through optical detection with measure on average, obtain the relation curve of the corresponding fiber distance of power average value of the light pulse that whole section optical fiber each point return.Analytic curve can be known situation such as fiber lengths, fiber transmission attenuation, light junction loss, fiber failure point or breakpoint location.
Usually, the OTDR test all is under the situation of interrupting the optical fiber cable communication service, to carry out.The OTDR light source is chosen FP-LD laser commonly used, and the test light wavelength is 1310nm or 1550nm, uses the pulse control signal of a certain pulsewidth of certain one-period directly to drive the test light pulse signal that the FP-LD laser sends the cycle during test.Summarize, OTDR commonly used has following characteristics:
1, the advantage of FP-LD laser is that the pulse power of output light is big, can improve the dynamic range of OTDR, and in addition, its manufacture craft is simple, and price is also relatively cheap.
2, the operation wavelength of the test light wavelength of 1310nm or 1550nm and optical fiber cable communication service matches, and tests resultant data relatively near the situation of real work.
3, the control method of FP-LD laser is simple, just can obtain satisfied OTDR curve according to different tested object change test period and pulsewidth.
In the equipment of optical cable on-line monitoring, the OTDR test then is under the situation of not interrupt communication business, to carry out.Because the spectral width broad of FP-LD laser does not wait,, can there be following point if adopt OTDR commonly used between several nanometers to tens nanometer:
1, when optical cable communication system is the 1310nm/1550nm wavelength-division multiplex system; Because the spectral width broad of FP-LD laser; No matter OTDR test light wavelength is chosen 1310nm or 1550nm; OTDR test light pulse signal all with communication service light signal generation mutual interference mutually, measure also inaccurate when influencing communication service.
2, if the optical fiber cable that needs monitoring apart from overlength; Need two OTDR respectively when monitor simultaneously at the optical fiber cable two ends; Because of the spectral width broad of FP-LD laser, two OTDR test light pulse signals are difficult to filtering and separate, and directly have influence on test result.
Therefore, in the equipment of optical cable on-line monitoring, the OTDR light source has generally been chosen the DFB-LD laser.Though the spectral width of DFB-LD laser is narrower; Being convenient to filtering separates; Light signal influence to communication service is very little, still, because the luminous intensity noise effect of DFB-LD laser itself; Very big with its luminous OTDR curve ripple that measures, directly influenced of analysis and the judgement of optical cable on-line monitoring equipment to optical cable state and case point.
In sum, existing OTDR in optical cable on-line monitoring equipment is difficult to satisfy the needs of optical cable on-line monitoring: the one, guarantee curve quality, and the 2nd, can not influence communication service.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method of improved optical cable on-line monitoring, can reduce luminous intensity and make an uproar, reduce OTDR curve ripple, improve the accuracy of optical cable on-line monitoring equipment the analysis and judgement of optical cable state and case point.
The measure that the present invention takes for this reason is; In optical time domain reflectometer; The laser that ring of light shape coupler is connected adopts the DFB-LD laser of being with refrigerator; Refrigerator is being connected refrigerator drive circuit and drive circuit for laser respectively with the DFB-LD laser, and refrigerator drive circuit, drive circuit for laser and A/D change-over circuit all are connected with the FPGA control unit, and the FPGA control unit is connecting network communication interface.
Here, the maximum rated refrigeration electric current of refrigerator is required to be 1A, and when testing, it is 25mA that refrigerator keeps the refrigeration electric current.
And in actual monitoring, the test light wavelength that the DFB-LD laser of band refrigerator produces is 1610nm, the refrigeration electric current I of refrigerator
TECBe 500-900mA, the pulse signal Pulse1 of the startup drive circuit for laser that the FPGA control unit produces is identical with the cycle T of the square-wave signal Pulse2 that starts the refrigerator drive circuit, is taken as 10-30s, the duty ratio of square-wave signal Pulse2≤50%.
The optimum condition of test is: I
TECBe 900mA, the T of Pulse1 and Pulse2 is 30s, and the duty ratio of Pulse2 is taken as 50%.
The present invention finds that the DFB-LD laser of band refrigerator is made the light source of OTDR, and the luminous intensity noise of output light is littler than common DFB-LD laser output light, and the OTDR curve ripple of therefore testing gained is just less.
The present invention also confirms, when the T of Pulse1 and Pulse2 is identical, and I
TECBig more, the luminous intensity noise of DFB-LD laser output light is more little, and the OTDR curve ripple of test gained is just more little;
At I
TECWhen the T of identical, Pulse1 and Pulse2 is identical; The duty ratio of Pulse2 is big more, and the luminous intensity noise of DFB-LD laser output light is more little, and the OTDR curve ripple of test gained is just more little; But the duty ratio of Pulse2 is greater than then obtaining adverse consequences after 50%, so preferably 50%;
At I
TECIdentical, if but the T of Pulse1 and Pulse2 is different, and then just become T than Pulse1 and Pulse2 of the DFB-LD laser luminous intensity noise of exporting light is big when identical, and also the phase strain is big to test the OTDR curve ripple of gained.
Therefore, the present invention adopts the DFB-LD laser of band refrigerator to make the light source of OTDR, makes the T of Pulse1 and Pulse2 identical, and making the duty ratio of Pulse2 is 50%, makes I
TECBe 900mA.
Because OTDR light source output spectral width is extremely narrow, spectral width can be less than 1nm, and optical wavelength and luminous power are very stable, and the luminous intensity noise is low, and OTDR curve ripple is little, and is also little to the influence of communication service light signal.Generally, the present invention has improved the accuracy of optical cable on-line monitoring equipment to the analysis and judgement of optical cable state and case point, guarantees that the OTDR test can reach the demand of optical cable on-line monitoring.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural principle sketch map of the single OTDR test module of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is Pulse1, Pulse2 and I in the light source control method of the present invention
TECConcern sketch map;
Fig. 3 is Pulse1, Pulse2 and I in the embodiment of the invention 1
TECConcern sketch map;
Fig. 4 is an OTDR curve synoptic diagram in the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 5 is Pulse1, Pulse2 and I in the embodiment of the invention 2
TECConcern sketch map;
Fig. 6 is an OTDR curve synoptic diagram in the embodiment of the invention 2;
Fig. 7 is Pulse1, Pulse2 and I in the embodiment of the invention 3
TECConcern sketch map;
Fig. 8 is an OTDR curve synoptic diagram in the embodiment of the invention 3;
Fig. 9 is Pulse1, Pulse2 and I in the embodiment of the invention 4
TECConcern sketch map;
Figure 10 is an OTDR curve synoptic diagram in the embodiment of the invention 4;
Figure 11 is Pulse1, Pulse2 and I among the comparative example
TECConcern sketch map;
Figure 12 is an OTDR curve synoptic diagram among the comparative example.
Embodiment
In order to make the object of the invention, method and advantage clearer, will combine accompanying drawing that embodiment of the present invention is described in detail further below.
The method of a kind of optical cable on-line monitoring provided by the invention comprises two aspects: on the one hand, the structural principle of single OTDR test module in the optical cable on-line monitoring is referring to Fig. 1; On the other hand, the control method of OTDR light source in the optical cable on-line monitoring is referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.
In the practical application of optical cable on-line monitoring, according to choosing different test parameters, test light wavelength for example, pulse duration, is carried out the OTDR test to same section optical cable and all can be produced different test curves at measuring range and average time etc.In order to increase comparativity, the embodiment among the present invention is all the same with the test parameter that the comparative example is adopted, and all OTDR curves all are that same experiment optical fiber is recorded.
Specifically describe the concrete design of the structural principle of single OTDR test module in the optical cable on-line monitoring below with embodiments of the invention and comparative example, and to the control method of OTDR light source.
Embodiment 1:
Referring to Fig. 1.
In optical time domain reflectometer; The laser that ring of light shape coupler is connected adopts the DFB-LD laser of being with refrigerator; Refrigerator is being connected refrigerator drive circuit and drive circuit for laser respectively with the DFB-LD laser; Refrigerator drive circuit, drive circuit for laser and A/D change-over circuit all are connected with the FPGA control unit; The FPGA control unit is connecting network communication interface, and ring of light shape coupler is also connecting wavelength division multiplexer and optical filter respectively, and optical filter is connected with the A/D change-over circuit through optical detector component.
The FPGA control unit is used to produce control signal, receives A/D translation data and average treatment, network service etc.;
Pulse1, the periodic pulse signal by the FPGA control unit produces is used to control drive circuit for laser, and then lets the DFB-LD laser send period measuring pulsed optical signals, variable period, pulse width variability;
Pulse2, the periodic signal of square wave by the FPGA control unit produces is used to control the refrigerator drive circuit, and then lets refrigerator produce the laser refrigeration electric current I in cycle
TEC, variable period, duty ratio≤50%;
Data, 10 parallel-by-bit digital signals of A/D output;
Clock is produced by the FPGA control unit, is used to control the A/D conversion clock;
Drive circuit for laser is used to control the luminous power of the test light pulse that the DFB-LD laser sent;
The refrigerator drive circuit is used to control the refrigeration electric current I of refrigerator
TEC, I
TECVariable;
The A/D change-over circuit is used to receive the mould/number conversion of light pulse signal;
The DFB-LD laser is made the OTDR light source, is used to produce OTDR test light pulse signal;
Refrigerator TEC, the refrigeration that is used for the DFB-LD laser is handled; Here, the maximum rated refrigeration electric current of refrigerator is required to be 1A;
Optical detector component is used to the OTDR test light pulse signal that receives, amplifies and recover to return; Dynamic range is big, and is highly sensitive, integrated low noise amplifier, and output impedance is 50 Ω;
Ring of light shape coupler, the OTDR test light pulse signal that is used to be coupled and sends He return;
Optical filter is used for the useless communication traffic signal of filtering, remains with the OTDR test light pulse signal of usefulness.
Referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.On the other hand, the control method of OTDR light source in the optical cable on-line monitoring, described control method comprises the following steps:
1, when OTDR tests, Pulse1 and Pulse2 are low level, and the refrigerator of DFB-LD laser will keep certain refrigeration electric current, I
TECBe 25mA, set by fixing biasing resistor;
Receive when starting the OTDR test command through network communication interface when the FPGA control unit that 2, the Pulse1 pulse signal and T=30s, the duty ratio that produce T=30s, pulsewidth t=640ns at once are 50% Pulse2 square-wave signal;
3, Pulse1 presses 30s gap periods startup drive circuit for laser, gives DFB-LD laser transport cycle drive current, and causing the DFB-LD laser cycle of sending is the OTDR test light pulse signal of 30s;
4, Pulse2 intermittently starts the refrigerator drive circuit by 30s, carries intermittently drive current I to refrigerator
TEC=900mA;
5, when the FPGA control unit is received end OTDR test command through network communication interface, stop producing Pulse1 pulse signal and Pulse2 square-wave signal at once;
6, after Pulse1 and Pulse2 stopped, the DFB-LD laser stopped to send OTDR test light pulse signal, and the refrigerator drive circuit stops to carry I
TEC
7, in test period, the FPGA control unit receives the A/D translation data simultaneously, averages processing again when reception finishes, and uploads the OTDR test data through network communication interface at last;
8, on PC, handle the OTDR test data through corresponding webmastering software, the OTDR curve that draws is like Fig. 4.
Embodiment 2:
With reference to embodiment 1.The parameter that changes is following: I
TEC=500mA.
Pulse1, Pulse2 and I
TECConcern that sketch map is referring to Fig. 5; Obtain the OTDR curve, referring to Fig. 6;
Embodiment 3:
With reference to embodiment 1.The parameter that changes is following: the duty ratio of Pulse2 is 10%.
Pulse1, Pulse2 and I
TECConcern that sketch map is referring to Fig. 7; Obtain the OTDR curve, referring to Fig. 8;
Embodiment 4:
With reference to embodiment 1.The parameter that changes is following: the cycle of Pulse2 is 10s.
Pulse1, Pulse2 and I
TECConcern that sketch map is referring to Fig. 9; Obtain the OTDR curve, referring to Figure 10;
The comparative example:
With reference to embodiment 1.The parameter that changes is following: the output of Pulse2 signal remains zero level, I so
TEC=25mA.This moment I
TECVery little, be equivalent to the OTDR light source and chosen DFB-LD laser with refrigerator, can simulate the truth of OTDR in the prior art optical cable on-line monitoring equipment.
Pulse1, Pulse2 and I
TECConcern that sketch map is referring to Figure 11; Obtain the OTDR curve, referring to Figure 12.
Find through Fig. 4, Fig. 6, Fig. 8, Figure 10 and the comparative analysis of Figure 12 curve; Method of the present invention has reduced OTDR curve ripple; Improved the accuracy of optical cable on-line monitoring equipment, guaranteed that the OTDR test can reach the demand of optical cable on-line monitoring the analysis and judgement of optical cable state and case point.
Above-described specific embodiment, or not all within spirit of the present invention and principle in order to restriction the present invention, any modification of being done, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the method for an optical cable on-line monitoring; Comprise optical time domain reflectometer; It is characterized in that: in optical time domain reflectometer, the laser that ring of light shape coupler connects is the DFB-LD laser of band refrigerator, and refrigerator is being connected refrigerator drive circuit and drive circuit for laser respectively with the DFB-LD laser; Refrigerator drive circuit, drive circuit for laser and A/D change-over circuit all are connected with the FPGA control unit, and the FPGA control unit is connecting network communication interface; The concrete step that above-mentioned optical time domain reflectometer carries out on-line monitoring comprises:
A. above-mentioned optical time domain reflectometer is received test command through network communication interface;
B. the FPGA control unit produces periodic pulse signal Pulse1, and the FPGA control unit produces periodic signal of square wave Pulse2 simultaneously, and Pulse2 is sent to the refrigerator drive circuit, produces the refrigeration electric current I
TEC, refrigerator is in the refrigeration electric current I
TECIn time, work to DFB-LD laser refrigeration, and Pulse1 is sent to drive circuit for laser, and drive circuit for laser makes the DFB-LD laser after the refrigeration send the period measuring pulsed optical signals;
C. the test pulse light signal sends after getting into the coupling of ring of light shape coupler;
D. the light signal that returns through the coupling of ring of light shape coupler after, get into optical filter, the communication traffic signal that filtering is useless remains with the OTDR test light pulse signal of usefulness; After receiving by optical detector component afterwards, the OTDR test light pulse signal that amplifies and recover to return, and be sent to the A/D change-over circuit, 10 parallel-by-bit digital signal Data are exported in the mould/number conversion of the light pulse signal that receives;
E. the FPGA control unit receives the A/D translation data, and receiving finishes averages processing again, uploads the OTDR test data through network communication interface then;
F. on PC, handle the OTDR test data through corresponding webmastering software at last, the OTDR curve draws;
When the G.FPGA control unit is received end OTDR test command through network communication interface, stop producing Pulse1 pulse signal and Pulse2 square-wave signal at once; The DFB-LD laser stops to send OTDR test light pulse signal afterwards, and the refrigerator drive circuit stops to carry I
TEC, optical time domain reflectometer is in not test mode.
2. according to the method for the optical cable on-line monitoring of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the maximum rated refrigeration electric current of refrigerator is 1A, and when testing, it is 25mA that refrigerator keeps the refrigeration electric current.
3. according to the method for the optical cable on-line monitoring of claim 1; It is characterized in that: in actual monitoring; The test light wavelength that the DFB-LD laser of band refrigerator produces is 1610nm, and the refrigeration electric current of refrigerator is 500-900mA, and the pulse signal Pulse1 of the startup drive circuit for laser that the FPGA control unit produces is identical with the cycle of the square-wave signal Pulse2 that starts the refrigerator drive circuit; Be taken as 10-30s, the duty ratio of square-wave signal Pulse2≤50%.
4. according to the method for the optical cable on-line monitoring of claim 3, it is characterized in that: the refrigeration electric current of refrigerator is 900mA, and the cycle of pulse signal Pulse1 and square-wave signal Pulse2 is 30s, and the duty ratio of square-wave signal Pulse2 is taken as 50%.
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| CN102088315B (en) * | 2011-03-18 | 2014-07-23 | 北京锐锋钝石科技有限公司 | Optical fiber failure positioning system and method |
| EP2782269A4 (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2014-12-17 | Huawei Tech Co Ltd | Circuit for modulating optical time domain reflectometer test signal, and passive optical network system and device |
| CN102820921A (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2012-12-12 | 索尔思光电（成都）有限公司 | Method for improving optical fiber OTDR (optical time domain reflectometry) test performance |
| CN105549166B (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2018-11-30 | 中天电力光缆有限公司 | A kind of long length fiber unit continuous production on-line monitoring system |
| CN112564780A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-03-26 | 昂纳信息技术（深圳）有限公司 | Device and method for reducing coherent noise of light source of optical time domain reflectometer |
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