CN116697639B - Solar energy-air source heat pump coupling hot water, heating, refrigerating and energy storage system and control method thereof - Google Patents
Solar energy-air source heat pump coupling hot water, heating, refrigerating and energy storage system and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116697639B CN116697639B CN202310625082.8A CN202310625082A CN116697639B CN 116697639 B CN116697639 B CN 116697639B CN 202310625082 A CN202310625082 A CN 202310625082A CN 116697639 B CN116697639 B CN 116697639B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 409
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/06—Heat pumps characterised by the source of low potential heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/50—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed between plates
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S60/00—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
- F24S60/30—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors storing heat in liquids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
- F25B41/31—Expansion valves
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a solar energy-air source heat pump coupling hot water, heating, refrigerating and energy storage system in the field of thermal equipment, which comprises an air source heat pump unit, a solar heat collecting plate, a heat pump assembly, a buffer water tank and a living water tank, wherein a heat pump circulating pump is arranged on a pipeline connected with the buffer water tank of the air source heat pump unit; the outlet of the compressor in the heat pump assembly is connected with a four-way reversing valve, and the four-way reversing valve is respectively connected with the solar heat collecting plate, the heat exchange coil in the buffer water tank and the water tank heat exchanger of the living water tank. When the device works, hot water supply, heating, refrigeration and energy storage are realized by switching the communication modes, and the interference between the modes is small; the hot water temperature is high, and from taking antibacterial effect, it can make hot water fast through different modes, can also realize heat recovery when refrigerating in summer, but high-efficient utilization heat energy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to thermal equipment, in particular to a device for hot water supply, heating, refrigeration and energy storage by utilizing solar energy and an air heat source and a control method of the device.
Background
In the Chinese patent database, a solar energy and air energy coupled hot water, heating and refrigerating system is disclosed, and the publication number is: CN210089035U; publication date: 20200218; the device comprises a solar heat collection system, a heat storage water tank, an air source heat pump cooling and heating unit, a fan coil tail end system, a floor heating coil tail end system and a controller; the heat storage and exchange water tank comprises a shell, an inner container, a heat preservation layer, a cold water inlet, a hot water outlet, a solar circulating water supply interface, a solar circulating water return interface, a heat pump circulating water supply interface, a heat pump circulating water outlet interface and a water temperature probe, wherein the cold water inlet, the hot water outlet, the solar circulating water supply interface, the solar circulating water return interface, the heat pump circulating water supply interface, the heat pump circulating water outlet interface and the water temperature probe are arranged on the inner container and penetrate through the heat preservation layer and the shell, a first coil and a second coil which is arranged above the first coil are arranged in the inner container, two ends of the first coil are respectively communicated with the solar circulating water supply interface and the solar circulating water return interface, and two ends of the second coil are respectively communicated with the heat pump circulating water supply interface and the heat pump circulating water outlet interface. When the temperature of the solar heat collector is high, the device is directly connected in series to the heating loop, the solar heat collector continuously improves the heating backwater temperature, reduces the energy consumption of the heat pump host, and improves the utilization rate of solar energy. The defects are that: the domestic hot water prepared by the device has low temperature, and when the hot water is used, the hot water is mutually interfered with water for refrigeration and heating, so that the water use experience is poor; the heat energy utilization efficiency is not high enough.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a solar energy-air source heat pump coupling hot water, heating, refrigerating and energy storage system and a control method thereof, wherein the system can supply hot water, heat, refrigerate and store energy, and the working modes have small interference; the hot water temperature is high, the antibacterial effect is provided, the hot water can be rapidly prepared in different modes, heat recovery can be realized during refrigeration in summer, and heat energy can be efficiently utilized.
The purpose of the invention is realized in the following way: a solar energy-air source heat pump coupling hot water, heating, refrigerating and energy storage system comprises an air source heat pump unit, a solar heat collecting plate, a heat pump assembly, a buffer water tank and a living water tank.
The air source heat pump unit is provided with a heat pump water outlet and a heat pump water inlet, the heat pump water outlet and the heat pump water inlet are respectively connected with the buffer water tank through pipelines, and a heat pump circulating pump is arranged on the pipeline connected with the buffer water tank through the heat pump water outlet or the heat pump water inlet.
The buffer water tank is provided with a cold and warm water supply port and a cold and warm water return port, and the cold and warm water supply port and the cold and warm water return port are connected with indoor refrigeration or heating terminal equipment through a cold and warm circulating pump; a heat exchange coil is arranged in the buffer water tank; one end of the heat exchange coil is provided with a coil inlet, and the other end is provided with a coil outlet.
The heat pump assembly comprises a compressor, an outlet of the compressor is connected with a four-way reversing valve, and the four-way reversing valve comprises four interfaces, namely an interface a, an interface b, an interface c and an interface d; when the device works, the device has two working states, in a hot water heating mode, the interface a is communicated with the interface b, and meanwhile, the interface c is communicated with the interface d; in the energy storage mode, interface a is connected with interface d, and interface b is connected with interface c.
The outlet of the compressor is connected with an interface a, an interface c is connected with the inlet of a gas-liquid separator of the compressor, and an interface b is connected with the inlet of a heat exchanger of a water tank heat exchanger arranged in the living water tank; the outlet of the heat exchanger of the water tank heat exchanger is divided into two paths, one path is connected with an inlet and an outlet of the solar heat collecting plate through a first electronic expansion valve, and the other path is connected with a coil inlet of the heat exchanging coil through a second electronic expansion valve; the interface d is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the second inlet and the second outlet of the solar heat collecting plate, and the other path is connected with the coil outlet of the heat exchange coil.
The solar heat collecting plate is a heat exchange component with a selective absorption coating arranged outside and provided with a refrigerant flow channel inside, and the refrigerant flow channel is connected between the first inlet and the second inlet of the solar heat collecting plate; the domestic water tank is provided with a domestic hot water pipe and a water supplementing pipe.
The domestic water tank is provided with a temperature sensor T1, and the detection value is recorded as follows: the temperature T1 of the living water tank; the buffer water tank is provided with a temperature sensor T2, and the detection value of the temperature sensor T2 is recorded as follows: buffer tank temperature T2. The living water tank temperature T1 and the buffer water tank temperature T2 are used as control amounts to control the operation mode of the whole device.
Further, when the interface d is divided into two paths, the interface d is connected with the two corresponding paths through an electromagnetic three-way valve.
The invention also provides a control method of the solar energy-air source heat pump coupling hot water, heating, refrigerating and energy storage system, which comprises the following working modes:
1) Refrigerating and heating mode
In the mode, the air source heat pump unit and the buffer water tank participate in working:
the air source heat pump unit and the cold-hot circulating pump are started and closed according to indoor tail end signals, a refrigerating or heating mode is automatically operated, the air source heat pump unit and the heat pump circulating pump are operated in a linkage mode, water in the buffer water tank is prepared to a set temperature, and the cold-hot circulating pump conveys the water in the buffer water tank to indoor refrigerating or heating terminal equipment for refrigerating or heating and then returns to the buffer water tank; the continuous circulation is realized, so that indoor refrigeration or heating is realized;
2) A water heating mode comprising the following sub-modes:
sub-mode one: solar heat pump mode
In the mode, the first electronic expansion valve is opened, the second electronic expansion valve is closed, and the living water tank, the solar heat collecting plate and the heat pump assembly participate in working:
at this time, the compressor works, the high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant of its outlet enters the water tank heat exchanger in the living water tank through interface a, interface b, after exchanging heat with water in the living water tank, make the living water temperature rise, the refrigerant self-cooling condenses into the high-pressure liquid, after passing the first electronic expansion valve, the refrigerant evaporates and absorbs heat in the solar energy heat collecting plate, then enter the compressor again through interface d, interface c, finish a working cycle, in this process, the solar energy heat collecting plate absorbs the solar energy and converts the heat energy continuously, and transfer this heat energy into the living water tank, make the water temperature in the living water tank meet the use requirement;
sub-mode two: water source heat pump mode
In the mode, the first electronic expansion valve is closed, and the second electronic expansion valve is opened; living water tank, buffer water tank and heat pump component participate in work:
at this time, the compressor works, the high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant of its outlet enters the water tank heat exchanger in the living water tank through interface a, interface b, after exchanging heat with water in the living water tank, make the living water temperature rise, the refrigerant self-cooling condenses into the high-pressure liquid, after passing the second electronic expansion valve, the refrigerant evaporates and absorbs heat in the heat exchange coil in the buffer water tank, then enter the compressor again through interface d, interface c, finish a working cycle, in this process, transfer the heat energy in the buffer water tank into the living water tank, make the water temperature in the living water tank meet the use requirement;
when the water temperature in the buffer water tank is reduced, the air source heat pump unit and the heat pump circulating pump are started, and heat energy is absorbed from air through the air source heat pump unit and is supplemented into the buffer water tank;
3) Refrigeration heat recovery mode
In the mode, the first electronic expansion valve is closed, and the second electronic expansion valve is opened; the domestic water tank, the buffer water tank, the heat pump assembly and indoor refrigeration or heating terminal equipment participate in working, and the indoor is in a refrigeration state:
at this time, the compressor works, the high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant of its outlet enters the water tank heat exchanger in the living water tank through interface a, interface b, after exchanging heat with water in the living water tank, make the living water temperature rise, the refrigerant self-cooling condenses into the high-pressure liquid, after passing the second electronic expansion valve, the refrigerant evaporates and absorbs heat in the heat exchange coil in the buffer water tank, then, the refrigerant reenters the compressor through interface d, interface c, finish a working cycle, meanwhile, the cold-warm circulating pump works, cool water is conveyed to the indoor refrigeration or heating terminal equipment to refrigerate, the water after absorbing the heat flows back into the buffer water tank; in the process, indoor heat is transferred to the living water tank through the buffer water tank, so that the water temperature in the living water tank reaches the use requirement;
4) Energy storage mode
In the mode, the first electronic expansion valve is closed, and the second electronic expansion valve is opened; living water tank, buffer water tank and heat pump component participate in work:
at the moment, the compressor works, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged by the refrigerant flows through the interface a and the interface d of the four-way reversing valve, enters into the heat exchange coil in the buffer water tank to be condensed, heats water in the buffer water tank, throttles the condensed liquid refrigerant by the second electronic expansion valve, flows into the water tank heat exchanger in the living water tank to be evaporated, reduces the water temperature in the living water tank, and then enters into the compressor through the interface b and the interface c and then enters into the compressor through the gas-liquid separator to complete one-time circulation; in the process, heat in the living water tank is transferred into the buffer water tank, so that the water temperature in the buffer water tank reaches the use requirement.
In the energy storage mode, the auxiliary cooling and heating circulating pump works and can supply heat to the indoor space, so that solar indirect heating is realized.
In the burst mode, the heat pump assembly 3 stops operating when the water in the domestic water tank is heated until the temperature T1 of the domestic water tank is more than or equal to 65 ℃.
The second sub-mode operates in the water period of the living water tank, when the temperature T1 of the living water tank is less than 45 ℃ and the temperature T2 of the buffer water tank is more than or equal to 10 ℃, a water source heat pump mode is started, and when the temperature T1 of the living water tank is more than or equal to 65 ℃ or the temperature T2 of the buffer water tank is less than 7 ℃, the mode is exited, and the solar heat pump mode is restored; and when the temperature T2 of the buffer water tank is less than 10 ℃, starting a heating mode of the air source heat pump unit, and when the temperature T2 of the buffer water tank is more than or equal to 20 ℃, recovering the air source heat pump unit to the current running mode.
The refrigerating and heat recovery mode is operated in summer, when the temperature T2 of the buffer water tank is more than or equal to 10 ℃, the hot water system is switched into a water source heat pump mode, and when the temperature T1 of the living water tank is more than or equal to 65 ℃ or the temperature T2 of the buffer water tank is less than 7 ℃, the mode is exited.
The energy storage mode is carried out in a non-water-using period and in a non-refrigeration environment, when the temperature T1 of the living water tank is more than or equal to 65 ℃, the mode is started, the heat of the living water tank is gradually transferred into the buffer water tank, and the energy storage mode is stopped until the temperature T1 of the living water tank is less than 55 ℃ or the temperature T2 of the buffer water tank is more than or equal to 50 ℃, and the solar heat pump mode is restored.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. high hot water temperature, self-contained antibacterial
The hot water and energy storage system part comprises a compressor, a solar heat collecting plate, a heat exchange coil, a water tank heat exchanger and the like, is a refrigerant loop mutually independent with the air source heat pump unit, uses a refrigerant with higher condensing temperature and a corresponding compressor, has the hot water outlet temperature of about 70 ℃, is about 10 ℃ higher than that of a common air energy water heater, and has a self-bacteriostasis effect.
2. Cascade heating, rapid heating water
Under the sun illumination, the solar heat pump mode is used for efficiently heating, has a higher heating performance coefficient, and has a COP (coefficient of performance) of more than 4.7 at the temperature of 15 ℃ in the environment, a fast rate of heat water generation and short waiting time; under the condition of larger water consumption, the water source heat pump mode is started, the rapid heating is realized, the high heating performance coefficient and the hot water production rate are realized, and meanwhile, a part of heat can be provided when the compressor works.
3. Realizing heat recovery during refrigeration in summer
The air conditioning system in summer starts a refrigerating mode, the hot water system absorbs heat of the buffer water tank, the refrigerating effect is improved, the starting frequency of the host is reduced, meanwhile, domestic hot water is obtained, and the running energy consumption is obviously reduced.
4. Realizing solar auxiliary heating and energy storage
The solar energy auxiliary heating can be carried out in heating seasons, the energy storage can also be carried out, after the hot water process is finished, the solar energy storage mode can be automatically started, the surplus heat of the living water tank enters the heating loop, the heating energy consumption is reduced, the heat generated in the solar energy heat pump mode is continuously transferred to the heat storage water tank for energy storage through the living water tank in transitional seasons, and the solar energy heat pump mode is used for being called in overcast and rainy days or at night.
The device has the advantages of convenient mode switching, small mutual interference between modes during working, and high-efficiency utilization of heat energy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a piping structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of another piping structure according to the present invention.
In the figure, 1 an air source heat pump unit; 101 a heat pump water outlet; 102 a heat pump water inlet; 2 a solar heat collecting plate; a first inlet and a second inlet of the solar heat collecting plate 201 and a second inlet and a second outlet of the solar heat collecting plate 202; 3 a heat pump assembly; 301 a compressor; 302 four-way reversing valve; 303 a first electronic expansion valve; 304 a second electronic expansion valve; 305 three-way solenoid valve; 4, a buffer water tank; 401 heat exchange coil; 402 coil inlet; 403 coil outlet; 407 cold and warm water supply port; 408 cold and warm water return ports; 5, a living water tank; 501 a water tank heat exchanger; 502 heat exchanger inlet; 503 heat exchanger outlet; 6 a heat pump circulating pump; 7 a cooling and heating circulating pump; 10, a water pipe for domestic hot water; 11 water supplementing pipes.
Description of the embodiments
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, the solar-air source heat pump coupling hot water, heating, refrigerating and energy storage system comprises an air source heat pump unit 1, a solar heat collecting plate 2, a heat pump assembly 3, a buffer water tank 4 and a living water tank 5.
The air source heat pump unit 1 is provided with a heat pump water outlet 101 and a heat pump water inlet 102, the heat pump water outlet 101 and the heat pump water inlet 102 are respectively connected with the buffer water tank 4 through pipelines, and a heat pump circulating pump 6 is arranged on the pipeline where the heat pump water outlet 101 or the heat pump water inlet 102 is connected with the buffer water tank 4;
the buffer water tank 4 is provided with a cold and warm water supply port 407 and a cold and warm water return port 408, and the cold and warm water supply port 407 and the cold and warm water return port 408 are connected with indoor refrigeration or heating terminal equipment through a cold and warm circulating pump 7; a heat exchange coil 401 is arranged in the buffer water tank 4; one end of the heat exchange coil 401 is provided with a coil inlet 402, and the other end is provided with a coil outlet 403;
the heat pump assembly 3 comprises a compressor 301, an outlet of the compressor 301 is connected with a four-way reversing valve 302, and the four-way reversing valve 302 comprises four interfaces, namely an interface a, an interface b, an interface c and an interface d; when the device works, the device has two working states, in a hot water heating mode, the interface a is communicated with the interface b, and meanwhile, the interface c is communicated with the interface d; in the energy storage mode, the interface a is communicated with the interface d, and meanwhile, the interface b is communicated with the interface c;
the outlet of the compressor 301 is connected with an interface a, an interface c is connected with the inlet of a gas-liquid separator of the compressor 301, and an interface b is connected with a heat exchanger inlet 502 of a water tank heat exchanger 501 arranged in the living water tank 5; the heat exchanger outlet 503 of the water tank heat exchanger 501 is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the first inlet and outlet 201 of the solar heat collecting plate through the first electronic expansion valve 303, and the other path is connected with the coil inlet 402 of the heat exchanging coil 401 through the second electronic expansion valve 304; the interface d is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the second inlet and outlet 202 of the solar heat collecting plate, and the other path is connected with the coil outlet 403 of the heat exchange coil 401;
the solar heat collecting plate 2 is a heat exchange component with a selective absorption coating arranged outside and provided with a refrigerant flow channel inside, and the refrigerant flow channel is connected between an inlet and an outlet 201 of the solar heat collecting plate and an inlet and an outlet 202 of the solar heat collecting plate;
the domestic water tank 5 is provided with a domestic hot water pipe 10 and a water supplementing pipe 11.
The living water tank 5 is provided with a temperature sensor T1, and the detection value is recorded as follows: the temperature T1 of the living water tank; the buffer water tank 4 is provided with a temperature sensor T2, and the detection value is recorded as follows: buffer tank temperature T2. The living water tank temperature T1 and the buffer water tank temperature T2 are used as control amounts to control the operation mode of the whole device.
The control method of the solar energy-air source heat pump coupling hot water, heating, refrigerating and energy storage system has the following working modes:
1) Refrigerating and heating mode
In the mode, the air source heat pump unit 1 and the buffer water tank 4 participate in working:
the air source heat pump unit 1 and the cooling and heating circulating pump 7 are started and closed according to indoor tail end signals, a refrigerating or heating mode is automatically operated, the air source heat pump unit 1 and the heat pump circulating pump 6 are operated in a linkage mode, water in the buffer water tank 4 is prepared to a set temperature, and the cooling and heating circulating pump 7 conveys the water in the buffer water tank 4 to indoor refrigerating or heating terminal equipment for refrigerating or heating and then returns to the buffer water tank 4; the continuous circulation is realized, so that indoor refrigeration or heating is realized;
2) A water heating mode comprising the following sub-modes:
sub-mode one: solar heat pump mode
In this mode, the first electronic expansion valve 303 is opened, the second electronic expansion valve 304 is closed, and the living water tank 5, the solar heat collecting plate 2 and the heat pump assembly 3 participate in the work:
at this time, the compressor 301 works, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant at the outlet enters the water tank heat exchanger 501 in the living water tank 5 through the interface a and the interface b, exchanges heat with the water in the living water tank 5, so that the temperature of the living water rises, the refrigerant cools and condenses into high-pressure liquid, and then evaporates and absorbs heat in the solar heat collecting plate 2 after passing through the first electronic expansion valve 303, and then enters the compressor again through the interface d and the interface c to complete a working cycle, and in the process, the solar heat collecting plate 2 continuously absorbs solar energy and converts the solar energy into heat energy, and the heat energy is transferred into the living water tank 5, so that the water temperature in the living water tank 5 reaches the use requirement;
sub-mode two: water source heat pump mode
In this mode, the first electronic expansion valve 303 is closed and the second electronic expansion valve 304 is opened; the living water tank 5, the buffer water tank 4 and the heat pump assembly 3 participate in work:
at this time, the compressor 301 works, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant at the outlet enters the water tank heat exchanger 501 in the living water tank 5 through the interface a and the interface b, exchanges heat with water in the living water tank 5, then makes the temperature of the living water rise, the refrigerant cools and condenses into high-pressure liquid by itself, and then evaporates and absorbs heat in the heat exchange coil 401 in the buffer water tank 4 after passing through the second electronic expansion valve 304, and then enters the compressor again through the interface d and the interface c, thus completing a working cycle, and in the process, the heat energy in the buffer water tank 4 is transferred into the living water tank 5, so that the water temperature in the living water tank 5 reaches the use requirement;
when the water temperature in the buffer water tank 4 is reduced, the air source heat pump unit 1 and the heat pump circulating pump 6 are started, and heat energy is absorbed from the air through the air source heat pump unit 1 and is supplemented into the buffer water tank 4;
3) Refrigeration heat recovery mode
In this mode, the first electronic expansion valve 303 is closed and the second electronic expansion valve 304 is opened; the living water tank 5, the buffer water tank 4, the heat pump assembly 3 and indoor refrigeration or heating terminal equipment participate in working, and the indoor is in a refrigeration state:
at this time, the compressor 301 works, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant at the outlet enters the water tank heat exchanger 501 in the living water tank 5 through the interface a and the interface b, after exchanging heat with the water in the living water tank, the temperature of the living water rises, the refrigerant cools and condenses into high-pressure liquid, and then the high-pressure liquid is evaporated and absorbs heat in the heat exchange coil 401 in the buffer water tank 4 after passing through the second electronic expansion valve 304, then the refrigerant enters the compressor again through the interface d and the interface c to complete a working cycle, meanwhile, the cold-warm circulating pump 7 works to convey cold water to the indoor refrigeration or heating terminal equipment to perform refrigeration, and the water after absorbing heat flows back into the buffer water tank 4; in the process, indoor heat is transferred to the living water tank 5 through the buffer water tank 4, so that the water temperature in the living water tank 5 reaches the use requirement;
4) Energy storage mode
In this mode, the first electronic expansion valve 303 is closed and the second electronic expansion valve 304 is opened; the living water tank 5, the buffer water tank 4 and the heat pump assembly 3 participate in work:
at this time, the compressor 301 works, the refrigerant is discharged from the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant to flow through the interface a and the interface d of the four-way reversing valve 302, enters the heat exchange coil 401 in the buffer water tank 4 to be condensed, heats the water in the buffer water tank 4, throttles the condensed liquid refrigerant by the second electronic expansion valve 304, flows into the water tank heat exchanger 501 in the living water tank 5 to be evaporated, reduces the water temperature in the living water tank, and then enters the compressor 301 through the interface b and the interface c and then enters the gas-liquid separator to complete one cycle; in the process, heat in the living water tank 5 is transferred to the buffer water tank 4, so that the water temperature in the buffer water tank 4 reaches the use requirement.
In the energy storage mode, the auxiliary cooling and heating circulating pump 7 works and can supply heat to the indoor space, so that solar indirect heating is realized.
In the burst mode, the heat pump assembly 3 stops operating when the water in the domestic water tank 5 is heated until the domestic water tank temperature T1 is more than or equal to 65 ℃.
The second sub-mode operates in the water consumption period of the living water tank 5, when the temperature T1 of the living water tank is less than 45 ℃ and the temperature T2 of the buffer water tank is more than or equal to 10 ℃, a water source heat pump mode is started, and when the temperature T1 of the living water tank is more than or equal to 65 ℃ or the temperature T2 of the buffer water tank is less than 7 ℃, the mode is exited, and the solar heat pump mode is restored; and when the temperature T2 of the buffer water tank is less than 10 ℃, starting a heating mode of the air source heat pump unit 1, and when the temperature T2 of the buffer water tank is more than or equal to 20 ℃, recovering the air source heat pump unit 1 to a current operation mode.
The refrigerating and heat recovery mode is operated in summer, when the temperature T2 of the buffer water tank is more than or equal to 10 ℃, the hot water system is switched into a water source heat pump mode, and when the temperature T1 of the living water tank is more than or equal to 65 ℃ or the temperature T2 of the buffer water tank is less than 7 ℃, the mode is exited.
The energy storage mode is carried out in a non-water-using period and in a non-refrigeration environment, when the temperature T1 of the living water tank is more than or equal to 65 ℃, the mode is started, the heat of the living water tank is gradually transferred into the buffer water tank, and the energy storage mode is stopped until the temperature T1 of the living water tank is less than 55 ℃ or the temperature T2 of the buffer water tank is more than or equal to 50 ℃, and the solar heat pump mode is restored.
The control temperature is only a specific control amount, and the control amount can be reset as needed.
Examples
As shown in fig. 2, another solar-air source heat pump coupling hot water, heating, refrigerating and energy storage system is different from the embodiment 1 in that, in the device, when the interface d is divided into two paths, the interface d is connected with the corresponding two paths through an electromagnetic three-way valve 305.
Under the corresponding control mode, the three-way switching valve is controlled to switch, so that a better isolation effect is achieved, and the problem of operation interference caused by the fact that the first electronic expansion valve 303 is closed and the second electronic expansion valve 304 is not closed tightly is avoided.
The invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and based on the technical solution disclosed in the invention, a person skilled in the art may make some substitutions and modifications to some technical features thereof without creative effort according to the technical content disclosed, and all the substitutions and modifications are within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a solar energy-air source heat pump coupling hot water, heating, refrigeration, energy storage system, includes air source heat pump set (1), solar collector board (2), heat pump assembly (3), buffer water tank (4) and living water tank (5), its characterized in that:
the air source heat pump unit (1) is provided with a heat pump water outlet (101) and a heat pump water inlet (102), the heat pump water outlet (101) and the heat pump water inlet (102) are respectively connected with a buffer water tank (4) through pipelines, and a heat pump circulating pump (6) is arranged on a pipeline connected with the buffer water tank (4) through the heat pump water outlet (101) or the heat pump water inlet (102);
the buffer water tank (4) is provided with a cold and warm water supply port (407) and a cold and warm water return port (408), and the cold and warm water supply port (407) and the cold and warm water return port (408) are connected with indoor refrigeration or heating terminal equipment through a cold and warm circulating pump (7); a heat exchange coil (401) is arranged in the buffer water tank (4); one end of the heat exchange coil (401) is provided with a coil inlet (402), and the other end is provided with a coil outlet (403);
the heat pump assembly (3) comprises a compressor (301), an outlet of the compressor (301) is connected with a four-way reversing valve (302), and the four-way reversing valve (302) comprises four interfaces, namely an interface a, an interface b, an interface c and an interface d; when the device works, the device has two working states, in a hot water heating mode, the interface a is communicated with the interface b, and meanwhile, the interface c is communicated with the interface d; in the energy storage mode, the interface a is communicated with the interface d, and meanwhile, the interface b is communicated with the interface c;
the outlet of the compressor (301) is connected with an interface a, an interface c is connected with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator of the compressor (301), and an interface b is connected with a heat exchanger inlet (502) of a water tank heat exchanger (501) arranged in the living water tank (5); the outlet (503) of the heat exchanger of the water tank heat exchanger (501) is divided into two paths, one path is connected with an inlet (201) of the solar heat collecting plate through a first electronic expansion valve (303), and the other path is connected with a coil inlet (402) of a heat exchanging coil (401) through a second electronic expansion valve (304); the interface d is divided into two paths, one path is connected with an inlet and an outlet (202) of the solar heat collecting plate, and the other path is connected with a coil outlet (403) of the heat exchange coil (401);
the solar heat collecting plate (2) is a heat exchange component with a refrigerant flow channel arranged in the selective absorption coating, and the refrigerant flow channel is connected between an inlet and an outlet (201) of the solar heat collecting plate and an inlet and an outlet (202) of the solar heat collecting plate;
the domestic water tank (5) is provided with a domestic hot water pipe (10) and a water supplementing pipe (11).
2. The solar-air source heat pump coupled hot water, heating, refrigeration, energy storage system of claim 1, wherein: the living water tank (5) is provided with a temperature sensor T1, and the buffer water tank (4) is provided with a temperature sensor T2.
3. A solar-air source heat pump coupled hot water, heating, refrigeration, energy storage system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: when the interface d is divided into two paths, the interface d is connected with the two corresponding paths through an electromagnetic three-way valve (305).
4. The control method of the solar-air source heat pump coupled hot water, heating, refrigerating and energy storage system according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following working modes:
1) Refrigerating and heating mode
In the mode, the air source heat pump unit (1) and the buffer water tank (4) participate in working:
the air source heat pump unit (1) and the cooling and heating circulating pump (7) are opened and closed according to indoor tail end signals, a refrigerating or heating mode is automatically operated, the air source heat pump unit (1) and the heat pump circulating pump (6) are operated in a linkage mode, water in the buffer water tank (4) is prepared to a set temperature, and the cooling and heating circulating pump (7) conveys the water in the buffer water tank (4) to indoor refrigerating or heating terminal equipment for refrigerating or heating and then returns to the buffer water tank (4); the continuous circulation is realized, so that indoor refrigeration or heating is realized;
2) A water heating mode comprising the following sub-modes:
sub-mode one: solar heat pump mode
In the mode, a first electronic expansion valve (303) is opened, a second electronic expansion valve (304) is closed, and a living water tank (5), a solar heat collecting plate (2) and a heat pump assembly (3) participate in working:
at this time, the compressor (301) works, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant at the outlet of the compressor enters the water tank heat exchanger (501) in the living water tank (5) through the interface a and the interface b, after exchanging heat with water in the living water tank (5), the temperature of the living water rises, the refrigerant cools and condenses into high-pressure liquid, and then the high-pressure liquid is evaporated and absorbs heat in the solar heat collecting plate (2) through the first electronic expansion valve (303), and then enters the compressor through the interface d and the interface c, so that a working cycle is completed, and in the process, the solar heat collecting plate (2) continuously absorbs solar energy and converts the solar energy into heat energy, and the heat energy is transferred into the living water tank (5), so that the water temperature in the living water tank (5) reaches the use requirement;
sub-mode two: water source heat pump mode
In this mode, the first electronic expansion valve (303) is closed and the second electronic expansion valve (304) is opened; the living water tank (5), the buffer water tank (4) and the heat pump assembly (3) participate in work:
at this time, the compressor (301) works, the high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant at the outlet enters the water tank heat exchanger (501) in the living water tank (5) through the interface a and the interface b, after exchanging heat with water in the living water tank (5), the temperature of the living water rises, the refrigerant cools and condenses into high-pressure liquid by itself, and then the high-pressure liquid is evaporated and absorbs heat in the heat exchange coil (401) in the buffer water tank (4) through the second electronic expansion valve (304), and then enters the compressor through the interface d and the interface c, so that one working cycle is completed, and in the process, the heat energy in the buffer water tank (4) is transferred into the living water tank (5), so that the water temperature in the living water tank (5) reaches the use requirement;
after the water temperature in the buffer water tank (4) is reduced, the air source heat pump unit (1) and the heat pump circulating pump (6) are started, and heat energy is absorbed from the air through the air source heat pump unit (1) and is supplemented into the buffer water tank (4);
3) Refrigeration heat recovery mode
In this mode, the first electronic expansion valve (303) is closed and the second electronic expansion valve (304) is opened; the domestic water tank (5), the buffer water tank (4), the heat pump assembly (3) and indoor refrigeration or heating terminal equipment participate in working, and the indoor refrigeration state is achieved:
at this time, the compressor (301) works, the high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant of its outlet enters the water tank heat exchanger (501) in the living water tank (5) through interface a, interface b, after exchanging heat with water in the living water tank, make the living water temperature rise, the refrigerant self-cooling condenses into the high-pressure liquid, after passing the second electronic expansion valve (304), the refrigerant evaporates and absorbs heat in the heat exchange coil (401) in the buffer water tank (4), then, the refrigerant reenters the compressor through interface d, interface c, finish a work cycle, meanwhile, the cold-warm circulating pump (7) works, convey the cold water to the indoor refrigeration or heating terminal equipment to refrigerate, the water after absorbing the heat flows back into the buffer water tank (4); in the process, indoor heat is transferred to the living water tank (5) through the buffer water tank (4) so that the water temperature in the living water tank (5) reaches the use requirement;
4) Energy storage mode
In this mode, the first electronic expansion valve (303) is closed and the second electronic expansion valve (304) is opened; the living water tank (5), the buffer water tank (4) and the heat pump assembly (3) participate in work:
at the moment, the compressor (301) works, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged by the refrigerant flows through an interface a and an interface d of the four-way reversing valve (302) and enters a heat exchange coil (401) in the buffer water tank (4) to be condensed, water in the buffer water tank (4) is heated, the condensed liquid refrigerant flows into a water tank heat exchanger (501) in the living water tank (5) to be evaporated after being throttled by the second electronic expansion valve (304), the water temperature in the living water tank is reduced, and then the refrigerant enters the compressor (301) through an interface b and an interface c and then enters the gas-liquid separator to complete one-time circulation; in the process, heat in the living water tank (5) is transferred to the buffer water tank (4), so that the water temperature in the buffer water tank (4) reaches the use requirement.
5. The control method of the solar-air source heat pump coupled hot water, heating, refrigerating and energy storage system according to claim 4, is characterized in that: in the burst mode, the water in the living water tank (5) is heated until the temperature T1 of the living water tank is more than or equal to 65 ℃, and the heat pump assembly (3) stops running.
6. The control method of a solar-air source heat pump coupling hot water, heating, refrigerating and energy storage system according to claim 4, wherein the sub-mode II operates in a water period of a living water tank (5), when the temperature T1 of the living water tank is less than 45 ℃ and the temperature T2 of a buffer water tank is more than or equal to 10 ℃, the water source heat pump mode is started, and when the temperature T1 of the living water tank is more than or equal to 65 ℃ or the temperature T2 of the buffer water tank is less than 7 ℃, the mode is exited, and the mode is restored to the solar heat pump mode; and when the temperature T2 of the buffer water tank is less than 10 ℃, starting a heating mode of the air source heat pump unit (1), and when the temperature T2 of the buffer water tank is more than or equal to 20 ℃, recovering the air source heat pump unit (1) to a current operation mode.
7. The control method of the solar-air source heat pump coupled hot water, heating, refrigerating and energy storage system according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the refrigerating and heat recovering mode is operated in summer, when the temperature T2 of the buffer water tank is more than or equal to 10 ℃, the hot water system is switched into a water source heat pump mode, and when the temperature T1 of the living water tank is more than or equal to 65 ℃ or the temperature T2 of the buffer water tank is less than 7 ℃, the mode is exited.
8. The control method of the solar-air source heat pump coupled hot water, heating, refrigerating and energy storage system according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the energy storage mode is carried out in a non-water-consumption period and in a non-refrigeration environment, when the temperature T1 of the living water tank is more than or equal to 65 ℃, the energy storage mode is started, heat in the living water tank (5) is gradually transferred into the buffer water tank (4), and the energy storage mode is stopped until the temperature T1 of the living water tank is less than 55 ℃ or the temperature T2 of the buffer water tank is more than or equal to 50 ℃, and the solar heat pump mode is restored.
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