CN116695082A - Composite strengthening method for improving strength and plasticity of metal alloy - Google Patents
Composite strengthening method for improving strength and plasticity of metal alloy Download PDFInfo
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- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 title claims description 31
- 238000005468 ion implantation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910001008 7075 aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011120 plywood Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910001234 light alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/48—Ion implantation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/053—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with zinc as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/06—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of magnesium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/10—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/183—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon of titanium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F3/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by special physical methods, e.g. treatment with neutrons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/02—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of pressure only
- C23C24/04—Impact or kinetic deposition of particles
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F17/00—Multi-step processes for surface treatment of metallic material involving at least one process provided for in class C23 and at least one process covered by subclass C21D or C22F or class C25
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical property reinforcement of metal materials, and particularly relates to a composite reinforcement method for improving the strength and plasticity of metal alloy. The method comprises the following steps: (1) subjecting a metal alloy sample to surface pretreatment; (2) Ion implantation processing is carried out on the pretreated metal alloy sample; (3) Coating a layer of nano particles on the surface of the metal alloy sample after ion implantation treatment; (4) Subjecting the metal alloy sample coated with the nano particles on the surface to cryogenic treatment; (5) Carrying out electric pulse treatment on the metal alloy sample subjected to the deep cooling treatment; (6) And (3) performing cryogenic heat preservation on the metal alloy sample subjected to the electric pulse treatment. The invention can effectively improve the strength and the plasticity of the metal alloy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical property reinforcement of metal materials, and particularly relates to a composite reinforcement method for improving the strength and plasticity of metal alloy.
Background
The high-strength multifunctional light alloy can meet the design requirements of light weight and structural/functional integration, and is an irreplaceable key base material in the field of manufacturing high-end equipment such as aerospace, ships, ocean engineering and the like. However, the light alloy key member has harsh service environment and is extremely easy to realize fatigue failure under the action of long-term external cyclic load. How to effectively inhibit fatigue and failure of light alloy components has become a critical problem to be solved in the field of high-end equipment manufacturing.
Ion implantation is a strengthening technique in which one or more elements are ionized, accelerated to form an accelerating electric field, and finally injected into a target material at high speed. The ion implantation can effectively improve the surface mechanical property of the material by introducing residual compressive stress and reconstructing a defect structure on the light alloy surface layer, and is an effective means for prolonging the service life of the metal material. However, the enhancement layer induced by the ion implantation enhancement technique is shallow, which limits the wide application of the ion implantation technique.
The cryogenic temperature can induce internal stress and deformation energy in the metal material by utilizing the volume shrinkage effect, the internal stress promotes the generation and proliferation of dislocation, and the aggregation and climbing of the dislocation are helpful for promoting grain refinement. However, the residual compressive stress induced by the cryogenic treatment has small amplitude, and the improvement of mechanical properties such as strong plasticity, fatigue resistance and the like of the metal material is not obvious.
Compared with a temperature field, the transient high-energy field induced by the electric pulse through the thermo-electric-coupling effect can induce a microstructure different from a normal state in the metal material, and the method has obvious advantages in the aspect of regulating and controlling the mechanical properties of the metal material. However, the electric pulse can achieve a significant improvement in plasticity by controlling the microstructure of the material, while the gain effect of strength is not significant.
Therefore, how to develop a novel composite strengthening method, not only can improve the strength and plasticity of metal, but also can induce a residual compressive stress layer with large amplitude and strong stability, thereby improving the comprehensive mechanical properties of metal materials, and being one of the technical problems to be solved in the mechanical field.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides a composite strengthening method for improving the strength and plasticity of metal alloy.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a composite strengthening method for improving the strength and plasticity of metal alloy comprises the following steps:
step one: polishing the surface of a metal alloy sample to remove an oxide layer on the surface, polishing, then placing the metal alloy sample in an acetone solution for ultrasonic cleaning, and finally placing the metal alloy sample in a vacuum drying oven for standby;
step two: carrying out ion implantation strengthening treatment on the metal alloy sample pretreated in the step one;
step three: coating nano particles on the surface of the metal alloy sample subjected to the ion implantation strengthening treatment in the second step by using a spraying method;
step four: performing cryogenic treatment on the metal alloy sample treated in the step three;
step five: carrying out electric pulse treatment on the metal alloy sample subjected to the deep cooling treatment in the fourth step at the deep cooling temperature;
step six: and (3) continuously preserving the temperature of the metal alloy sample treated in the step five at a cryogenic temperature for 30-60 min, taking out, and heating to room temperature at a heating rate of 20-50 ℃/min.
Preferably, the metal alloy is any one of titanium alloy, aluminum alloy, nickel base alloy or magnesium alloy; the thickness of the metal alloy sample is 0.5-20 mm.
Preferably, the ion implantation in the second step has the following process parameters: the ion implantation element is any one of metal ion or nonmetal ion, the ion implantation temperature is normal temperature, the acceleration voltage is 45kV, the beam current is 0.01-0.5 mA, the implantation time is 0.5-10 h, and the implantation dosage is 0.75X10 17 ～2.5×10 18 ions/cm 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein the metal ion is any one of Ti, al or Ni, and the nonmetal ion is any one of N, ar or He.
Preferably, the nanoparticles in the third step are any one of pure aluminum, black tape or black paint nanoparticles, and the size of the nanoparticles is 50-200 nm; the thickness of the nanoparticle coating is 50-100 mu m.
Preferably, the temperature range of the cryogenic treatment in the fourth step is-196 to-150 ℃, and the heat preservation time of the cryogenic treatment is 2-10 h. The purpose of the cryogenic treatment is to utilize the internal stress generated by the volume shrinkage effect at the cryogenic temperature to lead the defects of dislocation proliferation, grain refinement and the like of the whole sample, and simultaneously to improve the diffusion range of the injected ions.
Preferably, the process parameters of the electric pulse treatment in the fifth step are as follows: the voltage is 50-150V, the frequency is 50-1000 Hz, the pulse width is 10-100 mu s, and the treatment time of the electric pulse is 30-180 min. The plasticity of the metal alloy can be improved by utilizing the electro-plastic effect of the electric pulse; meanwhile, the continuous action of the electric pulse enables the surface of the metal sample to generate heat, the generated heat enables liquid nitrogen to be gasified and expanded rapidly, instantaneous high-energy high-pressure is generated when bubbles are formed to break, nano particles coated on the surface of the sample absorb energy to form high-temperature and high-pressure plasma shock waves, the high-temperature and high-pressure plasma shock waves act on the surface layer of the sample, the restraint action of the liquid nitrogen on the plasma shock waves is utilized to improve the peak pressure of the shock waves and prolong the acting time, and the surface layer of the material is enabled to generate severe plastic deformation to generate high-density defects and high-amplitude residual compressive stress. In addition, the diffusion speed of the injected ions is accelerated by utilizing the plasma shock wave to act on the surface of the sample, so that the permeability of the injected ions is further improved. Finally, in the process of strengthening the sample by using the electric pulse, the cryogenic temperature of liquid nitrogen is utilized to inhibit the dynamic recovery of microscopic defects, so that the strengthening performance and the stability of the sample are improved.
The beneficial effects are as follows:
the invention provides a composite strengthening method for improving the strength and plasticity of a metal alloy by comprehensively utilizing the respective advantages of the processes of ion implantation, cryogenic treatment, point pulse treatment and the like, wherein the ion implantation generates compressive stress on the surface of the metal alloy; the cryogenic treatment leads the metal alloy to generate defects such as dislocation multiplication, grain refinement and the like, and improves the diffusion range of injected ions; the electric pulse treatment improves the plasticity of the metal alloy, so that the surface layer of the material is subjected to severe plastic deformation to generate high-density defects and high-amplitude residual compressive stress, and meanwhile, the permeability of implanted ions is improved.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A composite strengthening method for improving the strength and plasticity of a metal alloy, see fig. 1, comprising the following steps:
(1) Polishing the surface of a TC4 titanium alloy plate sample with the thickness of 3mm to remove an oxide layer on the surface, polishing, then placing the sample in an acetone solution for ultrasonic cleaning for 15min, and finally storing the sample in a vacuum drying oven for standby.
(2) Carrying out ion implantation strengthening treatment on the pretreated TC4 titanium alloy plate sample, wherein the ion implantation element is N ions, the ion implantation temperature is normal temperature, the acceleration voltage is 45kV, the beam current is 0.25mA, the implantation time is 8h, and the implantation dosage is 1.2 multiplied by 10 18 ions/cm 2 。
(3) And coating a layer of pure aluminum nano particles on the surface of the TC4 titanium alloy plate sample subjected to ion implantation strengthening treatment by using a spraying method, wherein the thickness of the coating layer of the nano particles is 50 mu m, and the size of the nano particles is 100nm.
(4) And (3) performing cryogenic treatment on the TC4 titanium alloy plate sample coated with the pure aluminum nano particles, wherein the temperature range of the cryogenic treatment is-196 ℃, and the heat preservation time of the cryogenic treatment is 5 hours.
(5) Continuously carrying out electric pulse treatment on the TC4 titanium alloy plate sample subjected to the cryogenic treatment at the cryogenic temperature, wherein the technological parameters of the electric pulse treatment are as follows: the voltage was 100V, the frequency was 500Hz, the pulse width was 50. Mu.s, and the electrical pulse treatment time was 120min.
(6) And (3) continuously preserving the temperature of the TC4 titanium alloy plate sample subjected to the electric pulse treatment at a cryogenic temperature for 60min, and taking out the sample to enable the sample to be warmed to the room temperature at a heating rate of 25 ℃/min.
The tensile properties of the TC4 titanium alloy plate samples were tested using an AGS type precision universal tester at room temperature at a test speed of 50mm/min, as shown in Table 1. Compared with an untreated sample, the tensile strength of the sample after treatment is improved by 18.8%, and the elongation is improved by 11.6%.
TABLE 1 comparison of tensile Properties of different treated samples
Example 2
A composite strengthening method for improving the strength and plasticity of metal alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) Polishing the surface of a 7075 aluminum alloy plate sample with the thickness of 2mm to remove an oxide layer on the surface, polishing, then placing in an acetone solution to carry out ultrasonic cleaning for 30min, and finally storing in a vacuum drying oven for standby.
(2) Carrying out ion implantation strengthening treatment on the pretreated 7075 aluminum alloy plate sample, wherein the ion implantation element is Ti ions, the ion implantation temperature is normal temperature, the acceleration voltage is 45kV, the beam current is 0.5mA, the implantation time is 5h, and the implantation dosage is 7.5X10 17 ions/cm 2 。
(3) And coating a layer of black paint nano particles on the surface of the 7075 aluminum alloy plate sample subjected to ion implantation strengthening treatment by using a spraying method, wherein the coating thickness of the nano particles is 75 mu m, and the size of the nano particles is 100nm.
(4) And (3) performing cryogenic treatment on the 7075 aluminum alloy plate sample coated with the black paint nano particles, wherein the temperature range of the cryogenic treatment is-150 ℃, and the heat preservation time of the cryogenic treatment is 5 hours.
(5) Continuing to perform electric pulse treatment on the 7075 aluminum alloy plate sample subjected to the deep cooling treatment at the deep cooling temperature, wherein the technological parameters of the electric pulse treatment are as follows: the voltage was 150V, the frequency was 1000Hz, the pulse width was 75. Mu.s, and the electrical pulse treatment time was 120min.
(6) And (3) continuously preserving the heat of the 7075 aluminum alloy plate sample subjected to the electric pulse treatment at a cryogenic temperature for 45min, and taking out to enable the sample to be warmed to room temperature at a heating rate of 50 ℃/min.
Tensile properties of 7075 aluminum alloy sheet samples were tested using an AGS precision universal tester at a test speed of 100mm/min in a room temperature environment, as shown in table 2. Compared with an untreated sample, the tensile strength of the sample after treatment is improved by 15.2%, and the elongation is improved by 9.9%.
TABLE 2 comparison of tensile Properties of different treated samples
Example 3
A composite strengthening method for improving the strength and plasticity of metal alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) Polishing the surface of an AZ31 magnesium plywood sample with the thickness of 2.5mm to remove an oxide layer on the surface, polishing, then placing the sample in an acetone solution for ultrasonic cleaning for 30min, and finally storing the sample in a vacuum drying oven for later use;
(2) Carrying out ion implantation strengthening treatment on the pretreated AZ31 magnesium plywood sample, wherein the ion implantation element is Ti ions, the ion implantation temperature is normal temperature, the acceleration voltage is 45kV, the beam current is 0.01mA, the implantation time is 10h, and the implantation dosage is 1.5X10 18 ions/cm 2 。
(3) And coating a layer of black adhesive tape nano particles on the surface of the AZ31 magnesium plywood sample subjected to ion implantation strengthening treatment by using a spraying method, wherein the thickness of the coating layer of the nano particles is 50 mu m, and the size of the nano particles is 50nm.
(4) And (3) performing cryogenic treatment on the AZ31 magnesium plywood sample coated with the black tape nano particles, wherein the temperature range of the cryogenic treatment is-196 ℃, and the heat preservation time of the cryogenic treatment is 2 hours.
(5) Continuously carrying out electric pulse treatment on the AZ31 magnesium plywood sample subjected to the cryogenic treatment at the cryogenic temperature, wherein the technological parameters of the electric pulse treatment are as follows: the voltage was 50V, the frequency was 50Hz, the pulse width was 10. Mu.s, and the electrical pulse treatment time was 30min.
(6) And (3) continuously preserving the heat of the AZ31 magnesium plywood sample subjected to the electric pulse treatment at a cryogenic temperature for 30min, and taking out to enable the sample to be warmed to room temperature at a heating rate of 30 ℃/min.
Tensile properties of 7075 aluminum alloy sheet samples were tested using an AGS precision universal tester at a test speed of 150mm/min in a room temperature environment, as shown in table 3. Compared with an untreated sample, the tensile strength of the sample after treatment is improved by 21.5%, and the elongation is improved by 12%.
TABLE 3 comparison of tensile Properties of different treated samples
Comparative example 1
TC4 titanium with thickness of 3mmFor example, the alloy sheet is subjected to single ion implantation, cryogenic treatment and electric pulse treatment. Wherein: (1) The element of ion implantation is N ion, the temperature of ion implantation is normal temperature, the accelerating voltage is 45kV, the beam current is 0.25mA, the implantation time is 8h, and the implantation dosage is 1.2 multiplied by 10 18 ions/cm 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the (2) The temperature of the cryogenic treatment is-196 ℃, and the heat preservation time of the cryogenic treatment is 5 hours; (3) the electrical pulse treatment process parameters are as follows: the voltage was 100V, the frequency was 500Hz, the pulse width was 50. Mu.s, and the electrical pulse treatment time was 120min.
The tensile properties of the test samples of the different treated TC4 titanium alloy plates were tested using an AGS type precision universal tester at a test speed of 50mm/min under room temperature conditions, and the results are shown in Table 4. The results show that the metal alloy has more excellent strong plastic strengthening effect by using the embodiment of the invention compared with the single strengthening treatment.
TABLE 4 comparison of tensile Properties of different treated samples
Comparative example 2
(1) Taking a TC4 titanium alloy plate with the thickness of 3mm as an example, polishing the surface of a TC4 titanium alloy plate sample to remove an oxide layer on the surface, polishing, placing in an acetone solution for ultrasonic cleaning for 15min, and finally storing in a vacuum drying oven for standby.
(2) Coating a layer of pure aluminum nano particles on the surface of the TC4 titanium alloy plate sample subjected to surface pretreatment by using a spraying method, wherein the thickness of the coating layer of the nano particles is 50 mu m, and the size of the nano particles is 100nm.
(3) And (3) performing cryogenic treatment on the TC4 titanium alloy plate sample coated with the pure aluminum nano particles, wherein the temperature range of the cryogenic treatment is-196 ℃, and the heat preservation time of the cryogenic treatment is 5 hours.
(4) Continuously carrying out electric pulse treatment on the TC4 titanium alloy plate sample subjected to the cryogenic treatment at the cryogenic temperature, wherein the technological parameters of the electric pulse treatment are as follows: the voltage was 100V, the frequency was 500Hz, the pulse width was 50. Mu.s, and the electrical pulse treatment time was 120min.
(5) And (3) continuously preserving the temperature of the TC4 titanium alloy plate sample subjected to the electric pulse treatment at a cryogenic temperature for 60min, and taking out the sample to enable the sample to be warmed to the room temperature at a heating rate of 25 ℃/min.
(6) Carrying out ion implantation strengthening treatment on the TC4 titanium alloy plate sample subjected to the cryogenic treatment, wherein the ion implantation element is N ions, the ion implantation temperature is normal temperature, the acceleration voltage is 45kV, the beam current is 0.25mA, the implantation time is 8h, and the implantation dosage is 1.2 multiplied by 10 18 ions/cm 2 。
The tensile properties of the TC4 titanium alloy plate samples were tested using an AGS type precision universal tester at room temperature at a test speed of 50mm/min, as shown in Table 5. Compared with the sample subjected to cryogenic treatment, electric pulse treatment and ion implantation, the tensile strength of the sample subjected to treatment is improved by 2%, and the elongation is improved by 3.3%.
TABLE 5 comparison of tensile Properties of different treated samples
The examples are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any obvious modifications, substitutions or variations that can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A composite strengthening method for improving the strength and plasticity of metal alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one: grinding and polishing the surface of a metal alloy sample, then placing the metal alloy sample in an acetone solution for ultrasonic cleaning, and finally placing the metal alloy sample in a vacuum drying oven for standby;
step two: carrying out ion implantation strengthening treatment on the metal alloy sample pretreated in the step one;
step three: coating nano particles on the surface of the metal alloy sample subjected to the ion implantation strengthening treatment in the second step by using a spraying method;
step four: performing cryogenic treatment on the metal alloy sample treated in the step three;
step five: carrying out electric pulse treatment on the metal alloy sample subjected to the deep cooling treatment in the fourth step at the deep cooling temperature;
step six: and (3) continuously preserving the temperature of the metal alloy sample treated in the step five at a cryogenic temperature for 30-60 min, taking out, and heating to room temperature at a heating rate of 20-50 ℃/min.
2. The composite strengthening method for improving the strength and the plasticity of the metal alloy according to claim 1, wherein the material of the metal alloy sample is any one of titanium alloy, aluminum alloy, nickel-based alloy or magnesium alloy; the thickness of the metal alloy sample is 0.5-20 mm.
3. The method for composite strengthening of metal alloy according to claim 1, wherein the ion implantation process parameters in step two are: the ion implantation element is any one of metal ion or nonmetal ion, the ion implantation temperature is normal temperature, the acceleration voltage is 45kV, the beam current is 0.01-0.5 mA, the implantation time is 0.5-10 h, and the implantation dosage is 0.75X10 17 ～2.5×10 18 ions/cm 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein the metal ion is any one of Ti, al or Ni, and the nonmetal ion is any one of N, ar or He.
4. The composite strengthening method for improving the strength and the plasticity of the metal alloy according to claim 1, wherein the nano particles in the step three are any one of pure aluminum, black tape or black paint nano particles, and the size of the nano particles is 50-200 nm; the thickness of the nanoparticle coating is 50-100 mu m.
5. The composite strengthening method for improving the strength and the plasticity of the metal alloy according to claim 1, wherein the temperature range of the cryogenic treatment in the fourth step is-196 to-150 ℃, and the heat preservation time of the cryogenic treatment is 2-10 h.
6. The method for composite strengthening of metal alloy according to claim 1, wherein the process parameters of the electric pulse treatment in the fifth step are as follows: the voltage is 50-150V, the frequency is 50-1000 Hz, the pulse width is 10-100 mu s, and the treatment time of the electric pulse is 30-180 min.
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