CN116691649A - Control method for avoiding overcharge of battery of hybrid electric vehicle in low-temperature environment - Google Patents

Control method for avoiding overcharge of battery of hybrid electric vehicle in low-temperature environment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116691649A
CN116691649A CN202310679556.7A CN202310679556A CN116691649A CN 116691649 A CN116691649 A CN 116691649A CN 202310679556 A CN202310679556 A CN 202310679556A CN 116691649 A CN116691649 A CN 116691649A
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China
Prior art keywords
battery
engine
power
controller
control
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Pending
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CN202310679556.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张艳海
张博彦
于冰
石奕
王和平
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Wuhan Lingdian Automobile Electric Control System Co ltd
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Wuhan Lingdian Automobile Electric Control System Co ltd
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Priority to CN202310679556.7A priority Critical patent/CN116691649A/en
Publication of CN116691649A publication Critical patent/CN116691649A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/10Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
    • B60W20/15Control strategies specially adapted for achieving a particular effect
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/08Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/24Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of energy storage means
    • B60W10/26Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of energy storage means for electrical energy, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2510/00Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2510/08Electric propulsion units
    • B60W2510/085Power
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2510/00Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2510/24Energy storage means
    • B60W2510/242Energy storage means for electrical energy
    • B60W2510/244Charge state
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2710/00Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2710/08Electric propulsion units
    • B60W2710/086Power
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2710/00Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2710/24Energy storage means
    • B60W2710/242Energy storage means for electrical energy
    • B60W2710/244Charge state

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a control method for avoiding overcharge of a battery of a hybrid electric vehicle in a low-temperature environment, which comprises the following control steps when the external environment temperature is less than-20 ℃ and the battery temperature is less than-20 ℃; when the battery discharge power is greater than 30kw, the engine operates, (1) when the automobile is in an acceleration process, the battery is firstly used for discharging, when the battery discharge power is insufficient, the insufficient part is supplemented by using the power generation of the engine, closed-loop adjustment is carried out according to the actual current of the battery, the power generation power of the engine is adjusted through the closed-loop adjustment, the defect that the power generation power of an engine controller is larger because the outside is in a low-temperature environment and the air inlet density is higher than the normal temperature is overcome, the excessive part can be charged into the battery and the overcharge problem occurs is overcome, and the vehicle has the advantages that the power generation power can be calculated in real time according to the power required by a driver through the whole vehicle controller and is used for driving wheels to operate by a driving motor, and the power output of the vehicle is ensured.

Description

Control method for avoiding overcharge of battery of hybrid electric vehicle in low-temperature environment
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile batteries, in particular to a control method for avoiding overcharge of a battery of a hybrid electric vehicle in a low-temperature environment.
Background
With the development of hybrid electric vehicles, the ratio of sales in vehicles is higher and higher, but with the shortage of energy, the demands of people on driving environment, driving pleasure, intelligent driving and the like, the demands are also higher and higher.
However, when the existing hybrid electric vehicle operates in an extremely low temperature environment, the temperature of the battery is extremely low, and the discharge power of the battery is also extremely small, so that the engine is required to generate electricity to match with the battery to discharge, and normal running and heating can be ensured.
However, in the control process, the battery often has an over-charge fault due to imperfect automobile control after the battery has limited charging capacity, and normal driving is affected.
Specifically, when the vehicle is in a low-temperature environment, for example, the environment temperature is lower than-20 ℃, the battery temperature is lower than-20 ℃, and the charging power of the battery is 0kw at the moment, namely, the battery is not allowed to be charged, if the battery is forcedly charged for more than 2 seconds, the battery can report an overcharge fault and simultaneously can reduce high voltage, so that the whole vehicle cannot run.
When the battery discharge power is less than 30kw and the engine is running, in the acceleration process of stepping on the accelerator by the driver, the air inlet density is higher than the normal temperature in the low-temperature environment, so that the power generated by the engine controller is larger, when the actual power generated by the engine controller is greater than the power generation part of the request engine controller, the redundant power generation part can be charged into the battery, but when the charging time exceeds 2s, the battery can report an overcharge fault, the whole vehicle can have a lower high-voltage working condition, and the whole vehicle can not run under the lower high-voltage working condition.
The existing common control scheme ensures that the battery does not report faults by limiting power and limiting running, but sacrifices running capability.
Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method that ensures the normal running of the vehicle while ensuring the stable running of the battery.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the background, and provides a control method for avoiding overcharge of a battery of a hybrid electric vehicle in a low-temperature environment, which can avoid the overcharge state of the battery.
The invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: a control method for avoiding overcharging of a battery of a hybrid electric vehicle in a low-temperature environment comprises the following control steps when the external environment temperature is less than-20 and the battery temperature is less than-20 ℃; when the battery discharge power is greater than 30kw, the engine is operated,
(1) when the automobile is in an acceleration process, firstly discharging a battery, and when the battery discharge power is insufficient, supplementing the insufficient part by using the power generation of the engine, performing closed-loop regulation according to the actual current of the battery, and regulating the power generation of the engine through the closed-loop regulation;
I. when the actual current of the battery is less than the current overcharge safety threshold value, reducing the power generated by the engine;
II. When the actual current of the battery is more than the current overcharge safety threshold value, the power generation power of the engine is increased;
and III, when the actual current of the battery is between the current overcharge safety thresholds, maintaining the request value of the generated power of the engine.
In the technical scheme, when the battery discharge power is 3kw and 30kw, the engine is adopted to generate power and output the power to the driving motor for control;
(1) the control mode is as follows: performing closed-loop regulation control through the actual current of the battery, and requesting driving power, air conditioning power and battery discharging power by a driver as a maximum power generation limit value of the engine;
(2) presetting a battery target control current, wherein the target control current is positioned between the current overcharge safety thresholds, regulating the power generation power of the engine through the actual current of the battery,
I. when the actual current of the battery is less than the current overcharge safety threshold value, the generated power is reduced, and when the actual current of the battery is more than the current overcharge safety threshold value, the generated power is increased,
and III, when the actual current of the battery is between the current overcharge safety threshold values, maintaining the request value of the generated power of the engine.
In the technical scheme, the method comprises the following steps: when the discharge power of the battery is less than 3kw, the generator voltage stabilizing control is adopted, and the generator voltage stabilizing control comprises generator controller voltage stabilizing control and engine rotating speed control.
In the technical scheme, the voltage stabilizing control of the generator controller comprises the following steps:
when the whole vehicle controller sends a voltage-stabilizing control zone bit to the generator controller, and after the generator controller receives the voltage-stabilizing control zone bit, the generator controller enters a voltage-stabilizing control mode;
meanwhile, the whole vehicle controller sends request power to the generator controller, and the generator controller ensures that the voltage is stabilized at a target value according to the control phase current and the magnetic field and meets the power request of the whole vehicle controller.
In the technical scheme, the engine speed control comprises the following steps of:
the whole vehicle controller sends a rotating speed control zone bit to the engine controller, and when the engine controller receives the rotating speed control zone bit, the engine controller enters an engine rotating speed control mode;
meanwhile, the whole vehicle controller sends a target rotating speed to the engine controller, and the engine controller ensures that the actual rotating speed is stirred in the target rotating speed range according to the torque of the engine.
In the technical scheme, when the automobile is in the throttle receiving and decelerating process, the engine controller responds, the whole automobile controller requests to reduce the torque, but the 0 torque request is 100ms-300ms slower, at the moment, the whole automobile controller sends the 0 torque request and simultaneously sends the stop request, the engine controller directly responds to stop, and after the engine is flameout, the whole automobile controller requests to start to operate under the 0 torque working condition again.
In the technical scheme, when the ambient temperature is lower than-20 ℃ and the automobile starts to start, the engine runs, and the water heating electric heater is forced to be started in advance.
When the hybrid electric vehicle is operated under the external environment with extremely low temperature, the air inlet density is higher than the normal temperature because the external environment is in the low temperature environment, so that the power generation power of the engine controller is larger, and the redundant part can be charged into the battery and the overcharge problem occurs.
The invention has the following advantages: 1. the whole vehicle controller can calculate the power generation in real time according to the power required by the driver, and under the condition that the problem of battery overcharge does not occur, the power generator controller generates power to drive the motor to drive the wheels to operate, so that the vehicle can have power output, and the running capability is met.
2. The invention avoids the overcharge problem of the battery through the arrangement of the whole vehicle controller, solves the problem of vibration of the whole vehicle caused by rapid torque reduction, and ensures the stable driving of the whole vehicle in the running process.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a specific control flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the invention is, therefore, not to be taken in a limiting sense, but is made merely by way of example. While making the advantages of the present invention clearer and more readily understood by way of illustration.
Referring to fig. 1, it is shown that: a control method for avoiding overcharging of a battery of a hybrid electric vehicle in a low-temperature environment comprises the following control steps when the external environment temperature is less than-20 ℃ and the battery temperature is less than-20 ℃; when the battery discharge power is greater than 30kw, the engine is operated,
(1) when the automobile is in an acceleration process, firstly discharging a battery, and when the battery discharge power is insufficient, supplementing the insufficient part by using the power generation of the engine, performing closed-loop regulation according to the actual current of the battery, and regulating the power generation of the engine through the closed-loop regulation;
I. when the actual current of the battery is less than the current overcharge safety threshold value, reducing the power generated by the engine; the minimum value of power generation of the engine can be adjusted to 0 at minimum.
II. When the actual current of the battery is more than the current overcharge safety threshold value, the power generation power of the engine is increased; the increased power generation of the engine may increase the maximum value of the power generation of the large engine.
And III, when the actual current of the battery is between the current overcharge safety thresholds, the generated power of the engine keeps the requested value, and the generated power of the generator is not regulated through closed-loop regulation. .
When the battery discharge power is 3kw or 30kw, the engine is adopted to generate power and output the power to the driving motor for control;
(1) the control mode is as follows: performing closed-loop regulation control through the actual current of the battery, and requesting driving power, air conditioning power and battery discharging power by a driver as a maximum power generation limit value of the engine;
(2) presetting a battery target control current, wherein the target control current is positioned between current overcharge safety thresholds, regulating the power generation power of the engine through the actual current of the battery, the battery overcharge safety thresholds are current values when the battery is overcharged, and are usually a range of values,
I. when the actual current of the battery is less than the current overcharge safety threshold, the generated power is reduced, and the minimum value of the generated power of the engine can be minimally adjusted to 0.
II. When the actual current of the battery > the current overcharge safety threshold value, the generated power is increased, and the increased generated power of the engine may increase the maximum value of the generated power of the large engine.
And III, when the actual current of the battery is between the current overcharge safety thresholds, the generated power of the engine keeps the requested value, and the generated power of the generator is not regulated through closed-loop regulation.
When the discharge power of the battery is less than 3kw, the generator voltage stabilizing control is adopted, the generator voltage stabilizing control comprises generator controller voltage stabilizing control and an engine controller, the generator controller is used for generator power generation control, and the engine controller is used for engine oil injection ignition, torque, rotating speed and other control.
And (3) stabilizing and controlling the voltage of the generator controller:
when the whole vehicle controller sends a voltage-stabilizing control zone bit to the generator controller, and after the generator controller receives the voltage-stabilizing control zone bit, the generator controller enters a voltage-stabilizing control mode;
meanwhile, the whole vehicle controller sends request power to the generator controller, and the generator controller ensures that the voltage is stabilized at a target value according to the control phase current and the magnetic field and meets the power request of the whole vehicle controller.
An engine controller:
the whole vehicle controller sends a rotating speed control zone bit to the engine controller, and when the engine controller receives the rotating speed control zone bit, the engine controller enters an engine rotating speed control mode;
meanwhile, the whole vehicle controller sends a target rotating speed to the engine controller, and the engine controller ensures that the actual rotating speed is stirred in the target rotating speed range according to the torque of the engine.
When the automobile is in the throttle receiving and decelerating process, the whole automobile controller requests to reduce the torque due to the response of the engine controller, but the 0 torque request is slow by 100ms-300ms, so that the problem that the battery is charged with redundant power generation of the engine can occur in the time, (the excessive power generation is the actual power generation of the engine-the power generation part of the requested engine=redundant part power generation).
At the moment, the whole vehicle controller sends out a 0 torque request and simultaneously sends out a stop request, the engine controller directly responds to stop, and after the engine is flameout, the whole vehicle controller requests to start to operate under the 0 torque working condition again.
When the ambient temperature is lower than-20 ℃, and the automobile starts to be started, in order to quickly heat the water temperature of the engine, the water heating electric heater is forcedly started, and the passenger cabin is heated by the battery without a heating request (the water heating electric heater is used for heating water of the warm air loop to heat the passenger cabin or the battery).
Example 1: when the vehicle is in a low-temperature environment, for example, the environment temperature is lower than-20 ℃, the battery temperature is lower than-20 ℃, the charging power of the battery is 0kw at the moment, namely, the battery is not allowed to be charged, if the battery is forcedly charged for more than 2 seconds, the battery can report an overcharge fault, high voltage is generated, and the whole vehicle cannot run.
When the battery discharge power is less than 30kw and the engine is running, and the hybrid electric vehicle is under the external environment with extremely low temperature, the air intake density is higher than the normal temperature (namely, the density of the external cold air entering the engine is higher than the density of the external cold air entering the engine at the normal temperature) because the external environment is in the low temperature environment in the acceleration process of stepping on the accelerator by the driver, so that the generated power of the engine controller is larger, and the redundant part can be charged into the battery and the overcharge problem occurs.
1. When the discharge power of the battery is less than 3kw, adopting the generator voltage stabilizing control, wherein the generator voltage stabilizing control comprises two forms of generator controller voltage stabilizing control and engine controller control.
1.1, voltage stabilizing control of a generator controller: the whole vehicle controller sends a voltage-stabilizing control zone bit to the generator controller, and the generator controller enters a voltage-stabilizing control mode after receiving the voltage-stabilizing control zone bit. Meanwhile, the whole vehicle controller sends request power to the generator controller, and the generator controller ensures that the voltage is stabilized at a target value according to the control phase current and the magnetic field and meets the power request of the whole vehicle controller.
1.2, engine speed control: the whole vehicle controller sends a rotating speed control zone bit to the engine controller, and after the engine controller receives the rotating speed control zone bit, the engine controller enters an engine rotating speed control mode and simultaneously sends a target rotating speed to the engine controller, and the engine controller ensures that the actual rotating speed is stirred in a target rotating speed range according to the torque of the engine.
2. When the battery discharge power is 3kw or 30kw, the engine is used to generate electricity and output the electricity to the driving motor for control.
The control mode is as follows: closed loop regulation control is performed by the actual current of the battery.
2.1, the driver requests driving power+air conditioning power-battery discharging power as the maximum generating power limit value of the engine.
2.2, setting a battery target control current, such as 3A-5A;
2.3, regulating the power generated by the engine through the actual current of the battery;
2.3.1, when the actual current of the battery is less than 3A, reducing the generated power, and reducing the minimum value to 0;
2.3.2, when the actual current of the battery is more than 5A, increasing the generated power, and increasing the maximum value to the maximum generated power limit value of the engine;
2.3.3 when the actual current of the battery is between [3A,5A ], the generated power is maintained at the requested value, and the generated power of the generator is not regulated by closed loop regulation.
The parts not described in detail above are all prior art.

Claims (7)

1. A control method for avoiding overcharge of a battery of a hybrid electric vehicle in a low-temperature environment is characterized in that when the temperature of the external environment is less than-20 ℃ and the temperature of the battery is less than-20 ℃, the control method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following control steps of; when the battery discharge power is greater than 30kw, the engine is operated,
(1) when the automobile is in an acceleration process, firstly discharging a battery, and when the battery discharge power is insufficient, supplementing the insufficient part by using the power generation of the engine, performing closed-loop regulation according to the actual current of the battery, and regulating the power generation of the engine through the closed-loop regulation;
I. when the actual current of the battery is less than the current overcharge safety threshold value, reducing the power generated by the engine;
II. When the actual current of the battery is more than the current overcharge safety threshold value, the power generation power of the engine is increased;
and III, when the actual current of the battery is between the current overcharge safety thresholds, maintaining the request value of the generated power of the engine.
2. The control method for avoiding overcharging of a battery of a hybrid electric vehicle in a low temperature environment according to claim 1, wherein when the battery discharge power is 3kw,30kw, the engine is used to generate power for output to the driving motor for control;
(1) the control mode is as follows: performing closed-loop regulation control through the actual current of the battery, and requesting driving power, air conditioning power and battery discharging power by a driver as a maximum power generation limit value of the engine;
(2) presetting a battery target control current, wherein the target control current is positioned between the current overcharge safety thresholds, regulating the power generation power of the engine through the actual current of the battery,
I. when the actual current of the battery is less than the current overcharge safety threshold value, the generated power is reduced,
II. When the actual current of the battery is larger than the current overcharge safety threshold value, the generated power is increased,
and III, when the actual current of the battery is between the current overcharge safety threshold values, maintaining the request value of the generated power of the engine.
3. The control method for avoiding overcharging of a battery of a hybrid electric vehicle in a low temperature environment according to claim 2, wherein: when the discharge power of the battery is less than 3kw, the generator voltage stabilizing control is adopted, and the generator voltage stabilizing control comprises generator controller voltage stabilizing control and engine rotating speed control.
4. A control method for avoiding overcharging of a battery of a hybrid vehicle in a low temperature environment according to claim 3, wherein: and (3) stabilizing and controlling the voltage of the generator controller:
when the whole vehicle controller sends a voltage-stabilizing control zone bit to the generator controller, and after the generator controller receives the voltage-stabilizing control zone bit, the generator controller enters a voltage-stabilizing control mode;
meanwhile, the whole vehicle controller sends request power to the generator controller, and the generator controller ensures that the voltage is stabilized at a target value according to the control phase current and the magnetic field and meets the power request of the whole vehicle controller.
5. The control method for avoiding overcharging of a battery of a hybrid electric vehicle in a low temperature environment according to claim 4, wherein: engine speed control:
the whole vehicle controller sends a rotating speed control zone bit to the engine controller, and when the engine controller receives the rotating speed control zone bit, the engine controller enters an engine rotating speed control mode;
meanwhile, the whole vehicle controller sends a target rotating speed to the engine controller, and the engine controller ensures that the actual rotating speed is stirred in the target rotating speed range according to the torque of the engine.
6. The method for controlling a battery of a hybrid electric vehicle to avoid overcharging in a low temperature environment according to claim 5, wherein when the vehicle is in a throttle-down process, the vehicle controller requests a torque reduction due to the response of the engine controller, but the 0 torque request is 100ms-300ms slower, the vehicle controller sends the 0 torque request and simultaneously sends a stop request, the engine controller directly responds to stop, and when the engine is turned off, the vehicle controller requests to start to operate under the 0 torque condition again.
7. The control method for avoiding overcharging of a battery of a hybrid electric vehicle in a low-temperature environment according to claim 6, wherein the environment temperature is lower than-20 ℃, and when the vehicle starts to start, an engine runs and the water heating electric heater is forced to be turned on in advance.
CN202310679556.7A 2023-06-08 2023-06-08 Control method for avoiding overcharge of battery of hybrid electric vehicle in low-temperature environment Pending CN116691649A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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CN202310679556.7A CN116691649A (en) 2023-06-08 2023-06-08 Control method for avoiding overcharge of battery of hybrid electric vehicle in low-temperature environment

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310679556.7A CN116691649A (en) 2023-06-08 2023-06-08 Control method for avoiding overcharge of battery of hybrid electric vehicle in low-temperature environment

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CN116691649A true CN116691649A (en) 2023-09-05

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