CN116689678A - Short-flow forging and rolling combined process and forging and rolling combined production line - Google Patents

Short-flow forging and rolling combined process and forging and rolling combined production line Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116689678A
CN116689678A CN202310610765.6A CN202310610765A CN116689678A CN 116689678 A CN116689678 A CN 116689678A CN 202310610765 A CN202310610765 A CN 202310610765A CN 116689678 A CN116689678 A CN 116689678A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
forging
rolling
ground rail
chamber type
heating furnace
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Pending
Application number
CN202310610765.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张铮
徐国荣
任东
张怀德
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Yangzhou Chengde Heavy Industries Co ltd
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Yangzhou Chengde Heavy Industries Co ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Yangzhou Chengde Heavy Industries Co ltd filed Critical Yangzhou Chengde Heavy Industries Co ltd
Priority to CN202310610765.6A priority Critical patent/CN116689678A/en
Publication of CN116689678A publication Critical patent/CN116689678A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/06Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
    • B21J5/08Upsetting
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21BROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/08Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling structural sections, i.e. work of special cross-section, e.g. angle steel
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21BROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B15/00Arrangements for performing additional metal-working operations specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J1/00Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
    • B21J1/06Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/06Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21KMAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K27/00Handling devices, e.g. for feeding, aligning, discharging, Cutting-off means; Arrangement thereof

Abstract

A short-flow forging and rolling combined process and a forging and rolling combined production line relate to a novel short-flow production process of ultra-large special-performance forged steel materials with low cost, high efficiency and high yield, and the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a chamber type heating furnace is used for heating billets, the billets are vertically arranged in the chamber type heating furnace, the chamber type heating furnace adopts top firing for heating, and the heated billets are transported to a 63MN forging press by a ground rail car reclaimer; step two, cogging production by using a 63MN forging press by adopting an upsetting process, wherein the compression ratio is 1.2-2.0 in the upsetting process; thirdly, performing drawing extension processing by using a 63MN forging press, wherein the drawing ratio is 1.2-3.0 in the drawing process, and forging cogging is completed; fourthly, conveying the forged and cogged steel billet to a 1500 section mill for pre-rolling; and fifthly, performing finish rolling by using a 1500 profile rolling mill, and performing hot straightening. The steel piece manufactured by the process has the advantages of good performances of finished materials, simple process, high production efficiency and high metal yield.

Description

Short-flow forging and rolling combined process and forging and rolling combined production line
Technical Field
The invention relates to a novel short-process production process of a super-large forging steel material with special performance, which has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency and high yield.
Background
The traditional large-scale steel materials, such as bars with the diameter of not less than phi 350mm, mould thick plates with special properties and the like, generally adopt the following two processes:
forging method
The traditional forging process for producing large bars and thick plates mainly follows the following production process especially for products with higher performance requirements
The bar forging process comprises the following steps:
pressing pliers handle (comprising bottom cutting, cutting handle and shoulder cutting), chamfering (rounding), upsetting, heating, drawing, eight directions, heating, drawing (circle), clamping steps (sectional pressing grooves), drawing, finishing, correcting and cutting;
thick plate block process:
pressing pliers handle (comprising bottom cutting, cutting handle and shoulder cutting), upsetting, heating, flattening, drawing and extending, heating, finishing, correcting and cutting;
the forging method is adopted for production, and has the advantages that the performance of the forged steel is superior, the capacity of the forging press is relatively large, so that the forging press has large forging press reduction, large internal compression, complete core deformation penetration, broken internal carbide, bridging of metal defects, deformation refinement of the grain size of metal, dispersion of alloy distribution and improvement of toughness of the material. Because the forging is omnibearing upsetting and drawing, the longitudinal performance and transverse performance of the forging are small in difference, and the mechanical performance is improved comprehensively.
However, the defects of the traditional forging method are obvious, the trolley furnace is adopted for heating, the sealing performance of the trolley furnace is poor, the heating efficiency is low due to the fact that the padding absorbs much heat, the discharging speed is low, and the heat loss is large. Because the forging efficiency is low, the metal deformation efficiency is low, and the forging process is required to be heated by multiple fires, so that the burning loss is large, the yield is reduced by 3 percent/time, and the metal yield is low. The forging discontinuous deformation causes large size difference of forgings and low size precision, so that the metal yield of the subsequent processing procedure is low. Meanwhile, the production efficiency is low, batch quantification and serialization are difficult to form, so that the cost is high, and the market competitiveness is reduced.
Rolling method
The traditional rolling process is used for producing large bars and thick plates, and the following production process is mainly followed in large-scale steel or thick plate factories
The process for rolling the large rod comprises the following steps:
heating, cogging, octagonal (oval) rolling, rounding, cooling, heat treatment, finishing, correction and cutting;
the thick plate block rolling process comprises the following steps:
heating, cogging, reciprocating rolling, finish rolling, cooling, heat treatment, finishing and cutting.
The rolling method has the advantages of continuous rolling deformation, high dimensional accuracy of finished products, high deformation efficiency, capability of performing controlled rolling especially in a low-temperature stage, high degree of freedom of a rolling mode, capability of producing large bars and thick plates with the length of more than 16 meters, high production efficiency and capability of completing rolling deformation by one-time heating.
However, the defects of the traditional rolling method are obvious, the rolling deformation can only carry out unidirectional rolling, particularly a large long bar or a large thick plate, meanwhile, for a large steel piece, the deformation capacity of a rolling roller is limited to permeate, and the rolling reduction is small, the deformation is limited to more surface deformation passes, so that the transverse performance and the longitudinal performance of the steel are greatly different, the deformation cannot permeate, and the internal quality is different from that of a forging piece. For steel parts with higher and higher quality requirements at present, the steel parts are difficult to meet market demands.
Disclosure of Invention
The first aim of the invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a short-flow forging and rolling combined process, and the steel manufactured by the process has the advantages of good properties of finished materials, simple process, high production efficiency and high metal yield.
The first object of the present invention is achieved by: the short-flow forging and rolling combined process utilizes a chamber type heating furnace, a ground rail car reclaimer, a 63MN forging press and a 1500 profile steel rolling mill to complete the following steps in a mutually matched manner: firstly, heating a steel billet by using a chamber type heating furnace, vertically loading the steel billet into the chamber type heating furnace, heating the chamber type heating furnace by adopting top firing, and transferring the heated steel billet to a 63MN forging press by using a ground rail car reclaimer; step two, cogging production by using a 63MN forging press by adopting an upsetting process, wherein the compression ratio is 1.2-2.0 in the upsetting process; thirdly, performing drawing extension processing by using a 63MN forging press, wherein the drawing ratio is 1.2-3.0 in the drawing process, and forging cogging is completed; fourthly, conveying the forged and cogged steel billet to a 1500 section mill for pre-rolling; and fifthly, performing finish rolling by using a 1500 profile rolling mill, and performing hot straightening.
Further, the steel material with special section or step shape is sent to 63MN forging press for processing special section or step shape.
Further, the steel straightened in the fifth step is subjected to heat treatment on line.
Further, the heated billet is transferred from the ground rail reclaimer to a 63MN forging press in one minute.
Further, in the third step, the drawing is carried out by adopting the rolling reduction of delta H which is less than or equal to 200 mm/pass; in the fourth step, the pre-rolling operation is carried out by adopting the rolling reduction of delta H which is less than or equal to 100 mm/pass.
The beneficial effects of the technology are that:
1. the combination of forging and rolling ensures that the product has excellent mechanical property, higher dimensional accuracy and extra-long length requirement.
2. The energy-saving top-fired chamber type heating furnace is used for heating the steel billet, and the steel billet adopts a vertical charging method, so that the gas consumption per ton of steel is less than 45m, and compared with the traditional trolley furnace, the gas consumption per ton of steel is saved by nearly 50%.
3. According to the ground rail car reclaimer matched with the production process, the steel billet can be transferred to the 63MN forging press from the chamber type heating furnace within one minute, so that the steel billet can be deformed to the required size by only one-time heating, and the yield can be improved by 10% by the production process.
4. The 1500 section mill can straighten hot materials, reduce the workload of subsequent cold straightening, simplify the production process flow, shorten the production time, and has high production efficiency and low production cost.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a short-flow forging and rolling combined production line, which simplifies the production line, reduces the energy consumption and greatly reduces the production cost.
The second object of the present invention is achieved by: the production line comprises a chamber type heating furnace, a ground rail car reclaimer, a 63MN forging press and a 1500 profile steel rolling mill; the chamber type heating furnace comprises a furnace body, and burners are arranged on the periphery of the top in the furnace body; a ground rail is arranged between the chamber type heating furnace and the 63MN forging press, the ground rail reclaimer comprises a ground rail vehicle, a trolley and a reclaimer, the ground rail vehicle longitudinally moves on the ground rail vehicle, the trolley is arranged on the ground rail vehicle and transversely moves on the ground rail vehicle, the reclaimer is connected to the trolley through a rotary table, and the ground rail vehicle reclaimer transfers billets in the chamber type heating furnace to the 63MN forging press; the 1500 section mill is arranged on one side of the ground rail, and the ground rail reclaimer transfers the billet of the 63MN forging press to the 1500 section mill.
The beneficial effect of adopting above production line is:
1. the energy-saving top-firing chamber type heating furnace is used for heating the steel billet, the steel billet adopts a vertical furnace loading method, the top firing is more favorable for full convection of natural gas and air, the full combustion is easy, the space between materials is large, the surface area of the steel billet irradiated by high temperature is large, the temperature rise is fast, and the temperature loss is small.
2. The ground rail car reclaimer matched with the production process has the moving capability of transverse longitudinal and rotary advancing and retreating, and a billet can be transferred from a chamber heating furnace to a 63MN forging press within one minute.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a layout diagram of a short-flow forging and rolling combination production line.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a chamber type heating furnace.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to limit the invention, so that those skilled in the art may better understand the invention and practice it.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the short-process forging and rolling combined production line comprises a chamber type heating furnace 1, a ground rail car reclaimer 3, a 63MN forging press 4 and a 1500 section mill 5. The chamber type heating furnace 1 comprises a furnace body 11, burners 12 are arranged on the periphery of the top in the furnace body 11 to form top firing, and a billet 6 is vertically arranged in the furnace body 11. A ground rail 2 is arranged between the chamber type heating furnace 1 and the 63MN forging press 4, the ground rail reclaimer 3 comprises a ground rail 31, a trolley 32 and a reclaimer 34, the ground rail 31 longitudinally moves on the ground rail 2, the trolley 32 is arranged on the ground rail 31 and transversely moves on the ground rail 31, the reclaimer 34 is connected on the trolley 31 through a rotary table 33 and can rotate 360 degrees, and the ground rail reclaimer 3 transfers billets 6 in the chamber type heating furnace 1 to the 63MN forging press 4. The 1500 section mill 5 is arranged on one side of the ground rail 2, and the ground rail reclaimer 3 transfers a billet of the 63MN forging press 4 to the 1500 section mill 5.
The present example describes in detail the process route for producing phi 660mm large diameter round steel by the present invention, using a chamber type heating furnace, a ground rail car reclaimer, a 63MN forging press and a 1500 section mill which are arranged in this order, the concrete steps are as follows:
billet-heating-pressing pliers handle-63 MN forging press upsetting-drawing-1500 section mill pre-rolling-finish rolling-cooling-straightening-cutting-grinding finishing-packing-warehousing.
Firstly, the steel billet selected in the example is a phi 1100mm steel billet, the length is 2.2 meters, a top-fired chamber type heating furnace is used, the steel billet is vertically arranged in the furnace, a sizing block is not needed, the sealing performance is good, the temperature uniformity of the heated steel billet is good, and a ground rail car reclaimer arranged between the chamber type heating furnace and a 63MN forging press is utilized to transfer the heated steel billet to the 63MN forging press. The ground rail car reclaimer adopted by the invention has the capability of transverse and longitudinal double-rail movement, and the reclaimer can rotate by 360 degrees. Compared with the traditional soft connection for crane lifting, the speed is faster; compared with a trackless material taking vehicle, the material taking vehicle has larger material taking tonnage, and the maximum material taking tonnage of the material taking vehicle can reach 30 tons. Because the steel billet is transported in a clamping mode, the steel billet can be sent to a 63MN forging press after being rotated 180 degrees, the temperature drop is reduced, and more processing time is provided for subsequent deformation.
And secondly, processing the heated steel billet through a 63MN forging press, mainly pressing a clamp handle, upsetting and deforming, wherein the compression ratio is 1.5 in the upsetting process, the diameter of the steel billet is about phi 1348mm, and crushing carbide in a metal material through upsetting and deforming, and penetrating into the metal by utilizing deformation with large deformation amount to crush grains. Because the novel invention adopts forging cogging, the novel invention is convenient to adopt billets and raw material sizes with various specifications, has great market compatibility, simple free upsetting deformation process and easy production without faults.
And thirdly, turning over the upsetted billet by 90 degrees, clamping the forging piece by using a 63MN forging press, and performing drawing processing to an octagon with the opposite side height of 830mm, wherein the drawing ratio is 2.5 in the drawing process, so as to finish forging cogging. The billet in the embodiment enters the drawing deformation of the 63MN forging press with the height adjustable up and down, and extends between the upper anvil and the lower anvil to deform, so that the compression ratio meeting the performance is achieved, the internal quality of the material is further improved, and the performance compression ratio requirement of a large bar is met. Due to the improvement of efficiency, a large amount of deformation heat can be generated at the same time, which is beneficial to maintaining the temperature of the steel billet, avoiding secondary heating and reducing the coarse grain condition.
And fourthly, transferring the forged and cogged steel billet to a 1500-section mill for rolling by using a ground rail skip car, and pre-rolling the steel billet. The bar is rolled to a circle of approximately phi 700 in the pre-rolling process, and the drawing ratio is 1.49 in the drawing process.
Fifthly, entering a finished product Kong Jingga with the diameter of 660mm of a 1500-type steel rolling mill into a small deformation quantity to finish the surface of the billet, so that the surface size is more accurate; meanwhile, the hot straightening of the steel is finished by matching with a 5MN large-thrust pushing bed, and a hot rolled finished product is manufactured through finish rolling. Because of adopting the finish rolling with small rolling reduction, the dimensional accuracy of the final product is far higher than that of the traditional forging process, the workload of the subsequent cold finishing process is greatly reduced, and the production period of the product is greatly shortened.
And sixthly, performing heat treatment on the semi-finished product with the requirements of external dimensions such as rolling completion precision, length and the like on line after forging completion performance requirements.
Seventh, after heat treatment, the product is processed into a finished product through straightening, cutting, head and tail cutting and grinding procedures (micro grinding aiming at the quality of the product).
Compared with the traditional forging and simple rolling production process, the production process provided by the invention can deform the billet to the required size only by one-time heating, and has the advantages of simple production process, high production efficiency and low production cost. Moreover, the production process can improve the yield by 10%, and the manufactured steel piece has high dimensional accuracy and mechanical property which are better than those of products manufactured by the traditional process.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully explaining the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions and modifications will occur to those skilled in the art based on the present invention, and are intended to be within the scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the invention is subject to the claims.

Claims (6)

1. A short-flow forging and rolling combined process is characterized in that the following steps are completed by utilizing the mutual cooperation of a chamber type heating furnace, a ground rail car reclaimer, a 63MN forging press and a 1500 profile steel rolling mill:
firstly, heating a steel billet by using a chamber type heating furnace, vertically loading the steel billet into the chamber type heating furnace, heating the chamber type heating furnace by adopting top firing, and transferring the heated steel billet to a 63MN forging press by using a ground rail car reclaimer;
step two, cogging production by using a 63MN forging press by adopting an upsetting process, wherein the compression ratio is 1.2-2.0 in the upsetting process;
thirdly, performing drawing extension processing by using a 63MN forging press, wherein the drawing ratio is 1.2-3.0 in the drawing process, and forging cogging is completed;
fourthly, conveying the forged and cogged steel billet to a 1500 section mill for pre-rolling;
and fifthly, performing finish rolling by using a 1500 profile rolling mill, and performing hot straightening.
2. The short-flow forging and rolling combined process as recited in claim 1, wherein: and (3) conveying the steel with special section or step-shaped requirement to a 63MN forging press for processing the steel with special section or step-shaped requirement.
3. The short-flow forging and rolling combined process as recited in claim 1, wherein: and (3) carrying out on-line heat treatment on the steel straightened in the fifth step.
4. The short-flow forging and rolling combined process as recited in claim 1, wherein: the heated billet is transferred from the ground rail reclaimer to a 63MN forging press in one minute.
5. The short-flow forging and rolling combined process as recited in claim 1, wherein:
in the third step, the drawing is carried out by adopting the rolling reduction of delta H which is less than or equal to 200 mm/pass;
in the fourth step, the pre-rolling operation is carried out by adopting the rolling reduction of delta H which is less than or equal to 100 mm/pass.
6. A short-flow forging and rolling combined production line for implementing the short-flow forging and rolling combined process as recited in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the production line comprises a chamber type heating furnace, a ground rail car reclaimer, a 63MN forging press and a 1500 profile steel rolling mill; the chamber type heating furnace comprises a furnace body, and burners are arranged on the periphery of the top in the furnace body; a ground rail is arranged between the chamber type heating furnace and the 63MN forging press, the ground rail reclaimer comprises a ground rail vehicle, a trolley and a reclaimer, the ground rail vehicle longitudinally moves on the ground rail vehicle, the trolley is arranged on the ground rail vehicle and transversely moves on the ground rail vehicle, the reclaimer is connected to the trolley through a rotary table, and the ground rail vehicle reclaimer transfers billets in the chamber type heating furnace to the 63MN forging press; the 1500 section mill is arranged on one side of the ground rail, and the ground rail reclaimer transfers the billet of the 63MN forging press to the 1500 section mill.
CN202310610765.6A 2023-05-29 2023-05-29 Short-flow forging and rolling combined process and forging and rolling combined production line Pending CN116689678A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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CN202310610765.6A CN116689678A (en) 2023-05-29 2023-05-29 Short-flow forging and rolling combined process and forging and rolling combined production line

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310610765.6A CN116689678A (en) 2023-05-29 2023-05-29 Short-flow forging and rolling combined process and forging and rolling combined production line

Publications (1)

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CN116689678A true CN116689678A (en) 2023-09-05

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101972834A (en) * 2010-09-14 2011-02-16 沈阳重型机械集团有限责任公司 Device for quickly and efficiently forging tube blanks
CN102126121A (en) * 2010-12-08 2011-07-20 扬州诚德重工有限公司 New process combining forging and rolling
CN109759533A (en) * 2019-01-28 2019-05-17 中聚信海洋工程装备有限公司 A kind of Single arm hot forging unit
CN110153346A (en) * 2018-03-29 2019-08-23 钢铁研究总院淮安有限公司 A kind of method of the forging rolling duplex technique production long material of steel alloy big cross section

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101972834A (en) * 2010-09-14 2011-02-16 沈阳重型机械集团有限责任公司 Device for quickly and efficiently forging tube blanks
CN102126121A (en) * 2010-12-08 2011-07-20 扬州诚德重工有限公司 New process combining forging and rolling
CN110153346A (en) * 2018-03-29 2019-08-23 钢铁研究总院淮安有限公司 A kind of method of the forging rolling duplex technique production long material of steel alloy big cross section
CN109759533A (en) * 2019-01-28 2019-05-17 中聚信海洋工程装备有限公司 A kind of Single arm hot forging unit

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