CN116683561A - Extensible battery active equalization circuit - Google Patents

Extensible battery active equalization circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116683561A
CN116683561A CN202310551841.0A CN202310551841A CN116683561A CN 116683561 A CN116683561 A CN 116683561A CN 202310551841 A CN202310551841 A CN 202310551841A CN 116683561 A CN116683561 A CN 116683561A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
switch tube
control
control switch
bidirectional
tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202310551841.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
毛建良
王艺博
文辉清
杨勇
汪盼
樊小虎
黄伟国
邱榕鑫
代兰博
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Jiangsu Koyoe Energy Technology Co ltd
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Jiangsu Koyoe Energy Technology Co ltd
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Application filed by Jiangsu Koyoe Energy Technology Co ltd filed Critical Jiangsu Koyoe Energy Technology Co ltd
Priority to CN202310551841.0A priority Critical patent/CN116683561A/en
Publication of CN116683561A publication Critical patent/CN116683561A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00302—Overcharge protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00306—Overdischarge protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The application provides an expandable battery active equalization circuit, which comprises: a control circuit group and a bidirectional flyback converter circuit; the control circuit group comprises a plurality of control circuit units; the bidirectional flyback converter circuit comprises a plurality of primary windings and a secondary winding; the primary winding is connected with the control circuit unit and the first primary switching tube in series; the secondary winding is connected with the control circuit group and the first secondary switching tube in series, and the internal connection mode of the control circuit unit is as follows: the chip is connected with all the switch tubes; the first end of the first bidirectional switch tube is connected with the first battery cell; the second end of the first bidirectional switching tube is connected with the first control switching tube and the third control switching tube; the first end of the second bidirectional switch tube is connected with the first battery core; the second end of the second bidirectional switch tube is connected with a second control switch tube and a fourth control switch tube; the first control switch tube is connected with the second control switch tube; the third control switch tube is connected with the fourth control switch tube to solve the problem that the battery energy is difficult to control in an equalizing mode.

Description

Extensible battery active equalization circuit
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to an expandable battery active equalization circuit.
Background
Battery energy storage systems are used in different contexts as an essential component of renewable energy power generation systems. Because each energy storage unit in the battery energy storage system has different maximum capacity, charge state and other conditions after long-time use, a battery equalization circuit is needed to control energy distribution among the energy storage units, and the conditions of overcharge and overdischarge of the system, limited system functions, fire, explosion and the like caused by the state of part of the energy storage units are reduced.
The battery active equalization circuit is realized by adopting different types of topological structures, such as a buck-boost converter, a bidirectional flyback converter and the like. In the process of building a system, each cell needs to be controlled by adopting a set of converter, so that active equalization among batteries is realized; according to the method, more power electronic switching tubes are required to be controlled, for a large-scale energy storage system with more energy storage units, a single main control chip is difficult to meet the accurate control requirements of hundreds of power electronic switching tubes, each power electronic switching tube needs a set of driving circuit, the whole system is large in size and high in complexity, and the reliability of the system is directly affected by the excessive power electronic switching tubes. In other embodiments, the battery active equalization circuit controls energy transfer by adopting different chips, so that battery active equalization is realized, however, the maximum number of battery cells in the system is limited due to the limitation of the maximum voltage bearable by the chips, and the application scene requirement of the large-scale energy storage power station is difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides an expandable battery active equalization circuit which aims to solve the problem that battery energy is difficult to control in an equalization mode.
The application provides an expandable battery active equalization circuit, which comprises: a control circuit group and a bidirectional flyback converter circuit;
the control circuit group comprises a plurality of control circuit units; the bidirectional flyback converter circuit comprises a plurality of primary windings and a secondary winding; the primary winding is connected with the control circuit unit and the first primary switching tube in series; the secondary winding is connected with the control circuit group and the first secondary switching tube in series;
the control circuit unit comprises a first battery core, a first bidirectional switch tube, a second bidirectional switch tube, a first control switch tube, a second control switch tube, a third control switch tube, a fourth control switch tube and a chip; the chip is connected with the grid electrodes of the first bidirectional switch tube, the second bidirectional switch tube, the first control switch tube, the second control switch tube, the third control switch tube and the fourth control switch tube; the first end of the first bidirectional switch tube is connected with the negative electrode of the first battery cell; the second end of the first bidirectional switch tube is connected with the drain electrode of the first control switch tube and the source electrode of the third control switch tube; the first end of the second bidirectional switch tube is connected with the positive electrode of the first battery cell; the second end of the second bidirectional switch tube is connected with the drain electrode of the second control switch tube and the source electrode of the fourth control switch tube; the source electrode of the first control switch tube is connected with the source electrode of the second control switch tube; and the drain electrode of the third control switch tube is connected with the drain electrode of the fourth control switch tube.
The chip can control the charging and discharging states of the first battery cell by controlling the four switching tubes; meanwhile, the first primary side switching tube and the first secondary side switching tube of the bidirectional flyback converter circuit are controlled to control the direction and the speed of energy flow, so that the problem that more balanced control of battery energy is difficult is solved.
Optionally, the control circuit unit further includes a second electric core, a third electric core, a fourth electric core, a fifth electric core, a sixth electric core, a seventh electric core, a third bidirectional switch tube, a fourth bidirectional switch tube, a fifth bidirectional switch tube, a sixth bidirectional switch tube, a seventh bidirectional switch tube and an eighth bidirectional switch tube;
the first end of the third bidirectional switch tube is connected with the positive electrode of the second battery cell; the second end of the third bidirectional switch tube is connected with the drain electrode of the first control switch tube and the source electrode of the third control switch tube; the first end of the second bidirectional switch tube is connected with the negative electrode of the second battery cell;
the first end of the fourth bidirectional switch tube is connected with the positive electrode of the third battery cell; the second end of the fourth bidirectional switch tube is connected with the drain electrode of the second control switch tube and the source electrode of the fourth control switch tube; the first end of the third bidirectional switch tube is connected with the negative electrode of the third battery cell;
the first end of the fifth bidirectional switch tube is connected with the positive electrode of the fourth battery cell; the second end of the fifth bidirectional switch tube is connected with the drain electrode of the first control switch tube and the source electrode of the third control switch tube; the first end of the fourth bidirectional switch tube is connected with the negative electrode of the fourth battery cell;
the first end of the sixth bidirectional switch tube is connected with the positive electrode of the fifth battery cell; the second end of the sixth bidirectional switch tube is connected with the drain electrode of the second control switch tube and the source electrode of the fourth control switch tube; the first end of the fifth bidirectional switch tube is connected with the negative electrode of the fifth battery cell;
the first end of the seventh bidirectional switch tube is connected with the positive electrode of the sixth battery cell; the second end of the seventh bidirectional switch tube is connected with the drain electrode of the first control switch tube and the source electrode of the third control switch tube; the first end of the sixth bidirectional switch tube is connected with the negative electrode of the sixth battery cell;
the first end of the eighth bidirectional switch tube is connected with the anode of the seventh electric core; the second end of the eighth bidirectional switch tube is connected with the drain electrode of the second control switch tube and the source electrode of the fourth control switch tube; and the first end of the seventh bidirectional switch tube is connected with the negative electrode of the seventh electric core.
The chip can control the charge and discharge states of the battery cell by controlling four switching tubes each time; the number of the control switch tubes required by the chip at one time is reduced, and more electric cores are more convenient to control.
Optionally, the bidirectional flyback converter circuit further includes a first primary diode and a first secondary diode; the first primary diode is connected in series with the primary winding; the first secondary diode is connected in series with the secondary winding.
The first primary side diode and the first secondary side diode are used for being matched with inductive loads on the primary side and the secondary side of the bidirectional flyback converter circuit, so that current can be changed more gently, and the occurrence probability of the surge voltage is reduced.
Optionally, the bidirectional flyback converter circuit further includes a first primary side resistor and a first secondary side resistor; one end of the first primary resistor is connected with the primary winding; the other end of the first primary resistor is connected with the cathode of the first primary diode; one end of the first secondary side resistor is connected with the secondary side winding; the other end of the first secondary side resistor is connected with the cathode of the first secondary side diode.
The first primary side resistor and the first secondary side resistor are used for consuming energy stored by the converter when the converter leaks inductance and protecting the first primary side diode and the first secondary side diode.
Optionally, the bidirectional flyback converter circuit further includes a first primary capacitor and a first secondary capacitor; one end of the first primary capacitor is connected with the primary winding; the other end of the first primary side capacitor is connected with the cathode of the first primary side diode; one end of the first secondary side capacitor is connected with the secondary side winding; the other end of the first secondary side capacitor is connected with the cathode of the first secondary side diode.
The first primary side capacitor and the first secondary side capacitor are used for reducing voltage spikes generated by oscillation on the first primary side diode and the first secondary side diode when the converter leaks inductance, and protecting the first primary side diode and the first secondary side diode.
Optionally, the bidirectional flyback converter circuit further includes a second primary capacitor and a second secondary capacitor; the second primary side capacitor is connected with the control circuit unit in parallel; the second secondary capacitor is connected with the control circuit group in parallel.
The second primary side capacitor and the second secondary side capacitor are used for absorbing reverse high voltage, protecting components in the bidirectional flyback converter circuit and reducing the probability of burning out the components in the bidirectional flyback converter circuit due to large current generated in the transition period between non-conduction and conduction.
Optionally, the source electrode of the first primary side switching tube and the source electrode of the first secondary side switching tube are grounded.
The source electrode of the first primary side switching tube and the source electrode of the first secondary side switching tube are grounded and used for protecting a circuit.
Optionally, the first primary side switching tube and the first secondary side switching tube are NMOS tubes.
The first primary side switching tube and the first secondary side switching tube are NMOS tubes, so that a circuit can be simplified, and the circuit has higher working stability and stronger anti-interference capability.
Optionally, the battery pack further comprises a sampling unit, wherein the sampling unit is electrically connected with the first battery cell; the sampling unit is in communication connection with the chip.
The sampling unit is used for collecting the first electric core electric quantity, and the chip controls the charge and discharge states of the first electric core according to the condition of the first electric core electric quantity.
As can be seen from the above technical solution, the present application provides an expandable battery active equalization circuit, comprising: a control circuit group and a bidirectional flyback converter circuit; the control circuit group comprises a plurality of control circuit units; the bidirectional flyback converter circuit comprises a plurality of primary windings and a secondary winding; the primary winding is connected with the control circuit unit and the first primary switching tube in series; the secondary winding is connected with the control circuit group and the first secondary switching tube in series, and the control circuit unit comprises a first electric core, a first bidirectional switching tube, a second bidirectional switching tube, a first control switching tube, a second control switching tube, a third control switching tube, a fourth control switching tube and a chip; the chip is connected with the grid electrodes of the first bidirectional switch tube, the second bidirectional switch tube, the first control switch tube, the second control switch tube, the third control switch tube and the fourth control switch tube; the first end of the first bidirectional switch tube is connected with the negative electrode of the first battery cell; the second end of the first bidirectional switch tube is connected with the drain electrode of the first control switch tube and the source electrode of the third control switch tube; the first end of the second bidirectional switch tube is connected with the positive electrode of the first battery cell; the second end of the second bidirectional switch tube is connected with the drain electrode of the second control switch tube and the source electrode of the fourth control switch tube; the source electrode of the first control switch tube is connected with the source electrode of the second control switch tube; the drain electrode of the third control switch tube is connected with the drain electrode of the fourth control switch tube, so that the problem that battery energy is difficult to control in an equalizing mode is solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of an active equalization circuit for an expandable battery according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a control circuit unit of an active equalization circuit of an expandable battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, the same numbers in different drawings refer to the same or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the examples below do not represent all embodiments consistent with the application. Merely exemplary of systems and methods consistent with aspects of the application as set forth in the claims.
The battery equalization circuit is used for timely balancing the energy of the single battery in the battery in an energy consumption or transfer mode in the battery recycling process, so that the probability of overcharge and overdischarge of the single battery is reduced, adverse effects of discharge depth difference on the battery are eliminated, the overall energy utilization rate of the battery is improved, and the cycle life of the battery is prolonged. The battery equalization circuit is divided into a battery active equalization circuit and a battery passive equalization circuit, wherein the battery active equalization circuit is realized by adopting different types of topological structures, such as a buck-boost converter, a bidirectional flyback converter and the like. In the process of building a system, each cell needs to be controlled by adopting a set of converter, so that active equalization among batteries is realized; according to the method, more switching tubes are required to be controlled, for a large-scale energy storage system with more energy storage units, a single main control chip is difficult to meet the accurate control requirements of hundreds of switching tubes, each switching tube needs a set of driving circuit, the whole system is large in size, the complexity is high, and the reliability of the system is directly affected by the excessive switching tubes. In other embodiments, the battery active equalization circuit controls energy transfer by adopting different chips, so that battery active equalization is realized, however, the maximum number of battery cells in the system is limited due to the limitation of the maximum voltage bearable by the chips, and the application scene requirement of the large-scale energy storage power station is difficult to meet.
In order to solve the problem of difficulty in balancing control of battery energy, refer to fig. 1-2, wherein fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of an expandable battery active balancing circuit; fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a control circuit unit of an expandable battery active equalization circuit. The embodiment of the application provides an expandable battery active equalization circuit, which comprises: a control circuit group and a bidirectional flyback converter circuit;
the control circuit group comprises a plurality of control circuit units; the two-way reverse directionThe laser converter circuit comprises a plurality of primary windings and a secondary winding; the primary winding, the control circuit unit and the first primary switching tube S 1 Serial connection; the secondary winding, the control circuit group and the first secondary switching tube S p Serial connection;
the control circuit unit comprises a first cell BAT 1 First two-way switch tube S S0 Second bidirectional switch tube S S1 First control switch tube S p1 Second control switch tube S p2 Third control switch tube S p3 Fourth control switch tube S p4 A chip; the chip and the first bidirectional switch tube S S0 The second bidirectional switch tube S S1 The first control switch tube S p1 The second control switch tube S p2 The third control switch tube S p3 The fourth control switch tube S p4 Is connected with the grid electrode; the first bidirectional switch tube S S0 Is connected with the first battery cell BAT 1 Is a negative electrode of (a); the first bidirectional switch tube S S0 Is connected with the first control switch tube S p1 And the third control switch S p3 A source of (a); the second bidirectional switch tube S S1 Is connected with the first battery cell BAT 1 Is a positive electrode of (a); the second bidirectional switch tube S S1 Is connected with the second control switch tube S p2 And the fourth control switch S p4 A source of (a); the first control switch tube S p1 Is connected with the source electrode of the second control switch tube S p2 A source of (a); the third control switch tube S p3 Is connected with the fourth control switch tube S p4 Is formed on the drain electrode of the transistor.
It should be appreciated that the "+" and "-" terminals are connected to the left side port of the bi-directional flyback converter circuit as shown in fig. 1-2. When a plurality of control circuit units exist, the control circuit units are connected in series; wherein the "+" terminal is connected to the "-" terminal of the higher voltage stage, and the "-" terminal is connected to the "+" terminal of the lower voltage stage; for example: when three control circuit units exist, the "+" terminal of the first control circuit unit is connected with the "-" terminal of the second control circuit unit; the "+" terminal of the second control circuit unit is connected to the "-" terminal of the third control circuit unit.
The chip can control the first battery cell BAT by controlling four switching tubes 1 Simultaneously controlling the first primary side switching tube S of the bidirectional flyback converter circuit 1 And the first secondary side switching tube S p The direction and speed of the energy flow can be controlled, solving the problem that it is difficult to balance and control the battery energy more.
In some embodiments, the chip may be an EMB1428 chip, which is used to drive the switching of the switching tube.
In some embodiments, the bi-directional flyback converter circuit is a single-input single-output converter circuit with the primary winding of the bi-directional flyback converter circuit being wound opposite to the secondary winding and the induced voltages being opposite. The energy can be transferred between the primary side and the secondary side, and the effect of balancing the energy in the battery cell is achieved.
In some embodiments, the control circuit unit further comprises a second cell BAT 2 Third cell BAT 3 Fourth cell BAT 4 Fifth cell BAT 5 Sixth cell BAT 6 Seventh cell BAT 7 Third bidirectional switch tube S S2 Fourth bidirectional switch tube S S3 Fifth two-way switch tube S S4 Sixth bidirectional switch tube S S5 Seventh bidirectional switch tube S S6 Eighth bidirectional switching tube S S7 ；
The third bidirectional switch tube S S2 Is connected with the second battery cell BAT 2 Is a positive electrode of (a); the third bidirectional switch tube S S2 Is connected with the first control switch tube S p1 And the third control switch S p3 A source of (a); the second bidirectional switch tube S S1 Is connected with the second battery cell BAT 2 Is a negative electrode of (a);
the fourth bidirectional switch tube S S3 Is connected with the first end of theThree-cell BAT 3 Is a positive electrode of (a); the fourth bidirectional switch tube S S3 Is connected with the second control switch tube S p2 And the fourth control switch S p4 A source of (a); the third bidirectional switch tube S S2 Is connected with the first end of the third cell BAT 3 Is a negative electrode of (a);
the fifth bidirectional switch tube S S4 Is connected with the fourth cell BAT 4 Is a positive electrode of (a); the fifth bidirectional switch tube S S4 Is connected with the first control switch tube S p1 And the third control switch S p3 A source of (a); the fourth bidirectional switch tube S S3 Is connected with the fourth cell BAT 4 Is a negative electrode of (a);
the sixth bidirectional switch tube S S5 Is connected with the first end of the fifth cell BAT 5 Is a positive electrode of (a); the sixth bidirectional switch tube S S5 Is connected with the second control switch tube S p2 And the fourth control switch S p4 A source of (a); the fifth bidirectional switch tube S S4 Is connected with the first end of the fifth cell BAT 5 Is a negative electrode of (a);
the seventh bidirectional switch tube S S6 Is connected with the first end of the sixth cell BAT 6 Is a positive electrode of (a); the seventh bidirectional switch tube S S6 Is connected with the first control switch tube S p1 And the third control switch S p3 A source of (a); the sixth bidirectional switch tube S S5 Is connected with the first end of the sixth cell BAT 6 Is a negative electrode of (a);
the eighth bidirectional switch tube S S7 Is connected with the seventh cell BAT 7 Is a positive electrode of (a); the eighth bidirectional switch tube S S7 Is connected with the second control switch tube S p2 And the fourth control switch S p4 A source of (a); the seventh bidirectional switch tube S S6 Is connected with the seventh cell BAT 7 Is a negative electrode of (a).
It should be understood that the switching tube S s0 -S s7 Is also the gate of (2)Is also connected with the chip; switch tube S s0 -S s7 In the working process, only two adjacent switching tubes are conducted simultaneously, and the switching tube S p1 -S p4 Only two of them are simultaneously conducted during operation. The operation modes of the control circuit unit can be divided into two main types of charging and discharging.
In the charging mode of operation, the switch on state is shown in table 1, wherein "1" represents the switch on and "0" represents the switch off.
TABLE 1 working mode of cell gating switch tube in charging process
Battery cell S s0 S s1 S s2 S s3 S s4 S s5 S s6 S s7 S p1 S p2 S p3 S p4
BAT 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
BAT 2 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0
BAT 3 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
BAT 4 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0
BAT 5 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1
BAT 6 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0
BAT 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
In the charging operation mode of the control circuit unit, 7 gating modes are provided, and the gating modes are specifically as follows:
charging strobe mode 1: switch tube S only s0 Switch tube S s1 Switch tube S p3 Switch tube S p4 Conducting, first cell BAT 1 Charging;
charging strobe mode 2: switch tube S only s1 Switch tube S s2 Switch tube S p1 Switch tube S p2 Conducting, second cell BAT 2 Charging;
charging gating mode3: switch tube S only s2 Switch tube S s3 Switch tube S p3 Switch tube S p4 Conducting, third cell BAT 3 Charging;
charging strobe mode 4: switch tube S only s3 Switch tube S s4 Switch tube S p1 Switch tube S p2 Conducting, fourth cell BAT 4 Charging;
charging strobe mode 5: switch tube S only s4 Switch tube S s5 Switch tube S p3 Switch tube S p4 Conducting, fifth cell BAT 5 Charging;
charge gating mode 6: switch tube S only s5 Switch tube S s6 Switch tube S p1 Switch tube S p2 Conducting, sixth cell BAT 6 Charging;
charging strobe mode 7: switch tube S only s6 Switch tube S s7 Switch tube S p3 Switch tube S p4 Conduction, seventh cell BAT 7 And (5) charging.
In the discharging mode of operation, the switch on state is shown in table 2, wherein "1" represents the switching tube being on and "0" represents the switching tube being off.
Table 2 operating mode of the cell gating switch tube during discharging
Battery cell S s0 S s1 S s2 S s3 S s4 S s5 S s6 S s7 S p1 S pz S p3 S p4
BAT 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0
BAT 2 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
BAT 3 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0
BAT 4 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
BAT 5 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0
BAT 6 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1
BAT 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0
In the discharging operation mode of the control circuit unit, 7 gating modes are provided, and the specific steps are as follows:
discharge strobe mode 1: switch tube S only s0 Switch tube S s1 Switch tube S p1 Switch tube S p2 Conducting, first cell BAT 1 Discharging;
discharge gating pattern 2: switch tube S only s1 Switch tube S s2 Switch tube S p3 Switch tube S p4 Conducting, second cell BAT 2 Discharging;
discharge gating pattern 3: switch tube S only s2 Switch tube S s3 Switch tube S p1 Switch tube S p2 Conducting, third cell BAT 3 Discharging;
discharge gating pattern 4: switch tube S only s3 Switch tube S s4 Switch tube S p3 Switch tube S p4 Conducting, fourth cell BAT 4 Discharging;
discharge strobe mode 5: switch tube S only s4 Switch tube S s5 Switch tube S p1 Switch tube S p2 Conducting, fifth cell BAT 5 Discharging;
discharge gating pattern 6: switch tube S only s5 Switch tube S s6 Switch tube S p3 Switch tube S p4 Conducting, sixth cell BAT 6 Discharging;
discharge strobe mode 7: switch tube S only s6 Switch tube S s7 Switch tube S p1 Switch tube S p2 Conduction, seventh cell BAT 7 And (5) discharging.
The chip can control the charge and discharge states of the battery cell by controlling four switching tubes each time; the number of the control switch tubes required by the chip at one time is reduced, and more electric cores are more convenient to control.
In some embodiments, the bi-directional flyback converter circuit further includes a first primary diode D 1 And a first secondary diode D; the first primary side is two polesTube D 1 Is connected in series with the primary winding; the first secondary diode D is connected in series with the secondary winding.
It will be appreciated that the end connected to the primary winding is the first primary diode D 1 Is a positive electrode of (a); and one end connected with the secondary winding is the positive electrode of the first secondary diode D.
The first primary side diode D 1 And the first secondary diode D is used for being matched with inductive loads on the primary side and the secondary side of the bidirectional flyback converter circuit, so that the current can be changed more gradually, and the occurrence probability of the surge voltage is reduced.
In some embodiments, the bi-directional flyback converter circuit further includes a first primary-side resistor R1 and a first secondary-side resistor R; the first primary side resistor R 1 Is connected with the primary winding; the first primary side resistor R 1 Is connected with the other end of the first primary side diode D 1 Is a negative electrode of (a); one end of the first secondary resistor R is connected with the secondary winding; and the other end of the R of the first secondary side resistor is connected with the cathode of the first secondary side diode D.
The first primary side resistor R 1 And the first secondary resistor R is used for consuming the energy stored by the converter to protect the first primary diode D when the converter leaks inductance 1 And the first secondary diode D.
In some embodiments, the bidirectional flyback converter circuit further includes a first primary capacitor C 1 And a first secondary capacitance C; the first primary side capacitor C 1 Is connected with the primary winding; the first primary side capacitor C 1 Is connected with the other end of the first primary side diode D 1 Is a negative electrode of (a); one end of the first secondary side capacitor C is connected with the secondary side winding; the other end of the first secondary side capacitor C is connected with the negative electrode of the first secondary side diode D.
The first primary side capacitor C 1 And the first secondary capacitor C is used for reducing the first primary diode D when the converter leaks inductance 1 And voltage spike generated by oscillation on the first secondary diode D for protectionThe first primary side diode D 1 And the first secondary diode D.
In some embodiments, the bi-directional flyback converter circuit further includes a second primary capacitor C s1 And a second secondary capacitance C p The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The second primary side capacitor C s1 Connected in parallel with the control circuit unit; the second secondary capacitor C p In parallel with the set of control circuits.
The second primary side capacitor C s1 The second secondary capacitor C p The high-voltage power supply is used for absorbing reverse high voltage, protecting components in the bidirectional flyback converter circuit and reducing the probability of burning the components in the bidirectional flyback converter circuit due to high current generated in the transition period between non-conduction and conduction.
In some embodiments, the first primary side switching tube S 1 Source electrode of (C) and the first secondary side switch tube S p The source of (c) is grounded.
The first primary side switch tube S 1 Source electrode of (C) and the first secondary side switch tube S p Is grounded for protecting the circuit.
It should be understood that when the primary winding of the primary is plural, the switching tubes of the primary are also plural; as shown in FIG. 1, the number of the primary side switching tubes is 3, and the switching tubes are respectively a first primary side switching tube S 1 Second primary side switch tube S 2 Third primary side switching tube S n Then only the switching tube S of the third primary side is needed n The source of (c) is grounded.
In some embodiments, the first primary side switching tube S 1 Source electrode of (C) and the first secondary side switch tube S p Is an NMOS tube.
The first primary side switch tube S 1 Source electrode of (C) and the first secondary side switch tube S p The NMOS transistor has the advantages of simplifying a circuit, and having higher working stability and stronger anti-interference capability. It should be understood that the switching transistors in the embodiments of the present application may be NMOS transistors.
In some embodiments, a sampling unit is further included, the sampling unit being in communication with the first cell BAT 1 Electrically connecting; the sampling unit is in communication connection with the chip.
The sampling unit is used for collecting the electric quantity of the first battery cell, and the chip is used for controlling the battery cell according to the first battery cell BAT 1 Controlling the first battery cell BAT under the condition of electric quantity 1 Is a charge-discharge state of (a).
It should be appreciated that the sampling unit is also used to sample the core BAT 2 -BAT 7 Is a power supply.
In the control process of the bidirectional flyback converter circuit, the duty ratio of the pulse width modulation signal can be modified according to the state of the battery cell to control the energy transfer direction to be that the single battery cell moves to the battery pack or the battery pack moves to the single battery cell. The battery pack is composed of a plurality of electric cores, and in the embodiment, the battery pack comprises 7 electric cores.
When the duty cycle is greater than 50%, the entire battery pack begins to discharge and charge a certain cell in each pack.
When the duty cycle is less than 50%, a certain cell in each group starts to discharge and charge the entire battery pack.
For different cell balancing requirements, the battery can be divided into different working modes. Taking the circuit of two groups of battery packs as an example, the equalization function of fourteen battery cells is realized. Table 3 shows the operating states of the control circuit unit and the bi-directional flyback converter circuit corresponding to the equalization requirements of the two sets of battery packs in different states.
Table 3 working mode of extensible battery active equalization circuit
As can be seen from the above technical solution, the present application provides an expandable battery active equalization circuit, comprising: a control circuit group and a bidirectional flyback converter circuit; the control circuit group comprises ifA plurality of control circuit units; the bidirectional flyback converter circuit comprises a plurality of primary windings and a secondary winding; the primary winding, the control circuit unit and the first primary switching tube S 1 Serial connection; the secondary winding, the control circuit group and the first secondary switching tube S p The control circuit unit comprises a first cell BAT connected in series 1 First two-way switch tube S 0 Second bidirectional switch tube S 1 First control switch tube S p1 Second control switch tube S p2 Third control switch tube S p3 Fourth control switch tube S p4 A chip; the chip and the first bidirectional switch tube S s0 The second bidirectional switch tube S s1 The first control switch tube S p1 The second control switch tube S p2 The third control switch tube S p3 The fourth control switch tube S p4 Is connected with the grid electrode; the first bidirectional switch tube S s0 Is connected with the first battery cell BAT 1 Is a negative electrode of (a); the first bidirectional switch tube S s0 Is connected with the first control switch tube S p1 And the third control switch S p3 A source of (a); the second bidirectional switch tube S s1 Is connected with the first battery cell BAT 1 Is a positive electrode of (a); the second bidirectional switch tube S s1 Is connected with the second control switch tube S p2 And the fourth control switch S p4 A source of (a); the first control switch tube S p1 Is connected with the source electrode of the second control switch tube S p2 A source of (a); the third control switch tube S p3 Is connected with the fourth control switch tube S p4 To solve the problem of difficulty in controlling the battery energy uniformly.
The above-provided detailed description is merely a few examples under the general inventive concept and does not limit the scope of the present application. Any other embodiments which are extended according to the solution of the application without inventive effort fall within the scope of protection of the application for a person skilled in the art.

Claims (9)

1. An expandable battery active equalization circuit, comprising: a control circuit group and a bidirectional flyback converter circuit;
the control circuit group comprises a plurality of control circuit units; the bidirectional flyback converter circuit comprises a plurality of primary windings and a secondary winding; the primary winding is connected with the control circuit unit and the first primary switching tube in series; the secondary winding is connected with the control circuit group and the first secondary switching tube in series;
the control circuit unit comprises a first battery core, a first bidirectional switch tube, a second bidirectional switch tube, a first control switch tube, a second control switch tube, a third control switch tube, a fourth control switch tube and a chip; the chip is connected with the grid electrodes of the first bidirectional switch tube, the second bidirectional switch tube, the first control switch tube, the second control switch tube, the third control switch tube and the fourth control switch tube; the first end of the first bidirectional switch tube is connected with the negative electrode of the first battery cell; the second end of the first bidirectional switch tube is connected with the drain electrode of the first control switch tube and the source electrode of the third control switch tube; the first end of the second bidirectional switch tube is connected with the positive electrode of the first battery cell; the second end of the second bidirectional switch tube is connected with the drain electrode of the second control switch tube and the source electrode of the fourth control switch tube; the source electrode of the first control switch tube is connected with the source electrode of the second control switch tube; and the drain electrode of the third control switch tube is connected with the drain electrode of the fourth control switch tube.
2. The scalable battery active equalization circuit of claim 1, wherein the control circuit unit further comprises a second cell, a third cell, a fourth cell, a fifth cell, a sixth cell, a seventh cell, a third bi-directional switching tube, a fourth bi-directional switching tube, a fifth bi-directional switching tube, a sixth bi-directional switching tube, a seventh bi-directional switching tube, and an eighth bi-directional switching tube;
the first end of the third bidirectional switch tube is connected with the positive electrode of the second battery cell; the second end of the third bidirectional switch tube is connected with the drain electrode of the first control switch tube and the source electrode of the third control switch tube; the first end of the second bidirectional switch tube is connected with the negative electrode of the second battery cell;
the first end of the fourth bidirectional switch tube is connected with the positive electrode of the third battery cell; the second end of the fourth bidirectional switch tube is connected with the drain electrode of the second control switch tube and the source electrode of the fourth control switch tube; the first end of the third bidirectional switch tube is connected with the negative electrode of the third battery cell;
the first end of the fifth bidirectional switch tube is connected with the positive electrode of the fourth battery cell; the second end of the fifth bidirectional switch tube is connected with the drain electrode of the first control switch tube and the source electrode of the third control switch tube; the first end of the fourth bidirectional switch tube is connected with the negative electrode of the fourth battery cell;
the first end of the sixth bidirectional switch tube is connected with the positive electrode of the fifth battery cell; the second end of the sixth bidirectional switch tube is connected with the drain electrode of the second control switch tube and the source electrode of the fourth control switch tube; the first end of the fifth bidirectional switch tube is connected with the negative electrode of the fifth battery cell;
the first end of the seventh bidirectional switch tube is connected with the positive electrode of the sixth battery cell; the second end of the seventh bidirectional switch tube is connected with the drain electrode of the first control switch tube and the source electrode of the third control switch tube; the first end of the sixth bidirectional switch tube is connected with the negative electrode of the sixth battery cell;
the first end of the eighth bidirectional switch tube is connected with the anode of the seventh electric core; the second end of the eighth bidirectional switch tube is connected with the drain electrode of the second control switch tube and the source electrode of the fourth control switch tube; and the first end of the seventh bidirectional switch tube is connected with the negative electrode of the seventh electric core.
3. The scalable battery active equalization circuit of claim 1, wherein the bi-directional flyback converter circuit further comprises a first primary diode and a first secondary diode; the first primary diode is connected in series with the primary winding; the first secondary diode is connected in series with the secondary winding.
4. The scalable battery active equalization circuit of claim 3, wherein the bi-directional flyback converter circuit further comprises a first primary side resistor and a first secondary side resistor; one end of the first primary resistor is connected with the primary winding; the other end of the first primary resistor is connected with the cathode of the first primary diode; one end of the first secondary side resistor is connected with the secondary side winding; the other end of the first secondary side resistor is connected with the cathode of the first secondary side diode.
5. The scalable battery active equalization circuit of claim 3, wherein the bi-directional flyback converter circuit further comprises a first primary side capacitor and a first secondary side capacitor; one end of the first primary capacitor is connected with the primary winding; the other end of the first primary side capacitor is connected with the cathode of the first primary side diode; one end of the first secondary side capacitor is connected with the secondary side winding; the other end of the first secondary side capacitor is connected with the cathode of the first secondary side diode.
6. The scalable battery active equalization circuit of claim 1, wherein the bi-directional flyback converter circuit further comprises a second primary side capacitor and a second secondary side capacitor; the second primary side capacitor is connected with the control circuit unit in parallel; the second secondary capacitor is connected with the control circuit group in parallel.
7. The scalable battery active equalization circuit of claim 1, wherein the source of the first primary side switching tube is grounded to the source of the first secondary side switching tube.
8. The scalable battery active equalization circuit of claim 1, wherein the first primary side switching tube and the first secondary side switching tube are NM0S tubes.
9. The scalable battery active equalization circuit of claim 1, further comprising a sampling unit electrically connected to the first cell; the sampling unit is in communication connection with the chip.
CN202310551841.0A 2023-05-16 2023-05-16 Extensible battery active equalization circuit Pending CN116683561A (en)

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