CN116678007B - Boiler provided with low-energy-consumption flue gas waste heat recovery device - Google Patents
Boiler provided with low-energy-consumption flue gas waste heat recovery device Download PDFInfo
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- CN116678007B CN116678007B CN202310604832.3A CN202310604832A CN116678007B CN 116678007 B CN116678007 B CN 116678007B CN 202310604832 A CN202310604832 A CN 202310604832A CN 116678007 B CN116678007 B CN 116678007B
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- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 158
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 156
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 title abstract description 18
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chimneys And Flues (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a boiler provided with a low-energy-consumption flue gas waste heat recovery device, which comprises a horizontal flue, wherein the flue gas waste heat recovery device is arranged in the horizontal flue, the flue gas waste heat recovery device comprises a flue gas cooling mechanism, the flue gas cooling mechanism comprises cooling pipes which are arranged in the vertical direction, the upper ends and the lower ends of the cooling pipes are respectively connected with a cooling pipe converging plate and pass through pipe holes of the cooling pipe converging plate, air enters from the pipe holes at the lower ends of the cooling pipes and flows out from the pipe holes at the upper ends in a natural convection mode, and the flue gas exchanges heat with the cooling pipes through the cooling pipes. According to the invention, the horizontal flue of the boiler is modified, natural convection of ambient air and saturated wet flue gas is realized by utilizing the heat of saturated wet flue gas on the premise of not generating additional energy consumption, and the saturated wet flue gas is cooled, so that the purposes of waste heat of the saturated wet flue gas and water recovery are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a boiler provided with a low-energy-consumption flue gas waste heat recovery device, and mainly relates to the technical field of heat exchange of waste heat boilers or heat exchangers.
Background
In reality, steel plants, cement plants and the like have the technical problems of energy conservation and waste heat utilization, so how to most efficiently utilize the discharged flue gas to recycle heat energy is a subject of continuous reform of technicians. In the steel production process, the energy consumption of the sintering process is about 10% of the total energy consumption, and the second process is next to the iron-making process. Of the total energy consumption of the sintering process, approximately 50% of the heat energy is discharged to the atmosphere in the form of sensible heat of the sintering machine flue gas and the cooler off gas. Since the temperature of the sintering cooler exhaust gas is not high, the heat is not recovered in the normal case, or only a simple heat exchanger is used for waste heat absorption, so that the recovery efficiency is low, and the amount of generated steam is small.
In the actual flue gas waste heat utilization technology, two or more flue gases with different temperatures are mixed in advance and then enter a waste heat boiler or a heat exchanger for heat exchange. This approach makes very low energy utilization of the flue gas due to the lack of sufficient use of the high quality heat of the high temperature flue gas.
The Chinese patent publication No. CN101017059A discloses a method and a device for utilizing the waste heat of the flue gas, which are characterized in that various flue gases with different temperatures enter a waste heat boiler or a heat exchanger through separate channels/inlets, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas is reduced through a high-temperature heat exchange surface/area/cavity, and when the temperature is reduced to be equal to the temperature of the low-temperature flue gas, the flue gas is mixed, and the flue gas flows through the low-temperature heat exchange surface together, so that the waste heat of the flue gas with different temperatures is recycled to the greatest extent. The method of the invention is that various different temperature flue gas is led into a boiler or a heat exchanger by a split channel, the high temperature flue gas is cooled through a high temperature heat exchange surface/area/cavity, and when the temperature is reduced to be equal to the temperature of the low temperature flue gas, the flue gas is mixed, wherein the temperature difference between the high temperature flue gas and the low temperature flue gas is more than 50 ℃, so that the flue gas waste heat is recovered and utilized to the maximum extent. The invention also comprises a device for realizing the method, which consists of a high-temperature flue gas inlet, a low-temperature flue gas inlet, a high-temperature heat exchange surface/area/cavity, a low-temperature heat exchange surface/area/cavity, a mixed heat exchange surface/area/cavity and a flue gas discharge port. Chinese patent application publication No. CN101598506a discloses a cold and hot water exchanging device using waste heat of exhaust gas. The device comprises an exhaust gas pool, an air inlet pipe and a heating water pipe, wherein the air inlet pipe is inserted in the exhaust gas pool, hot exhaust gas is led into the air inlet pipe, the heating water pipe is a plurality of circulating water pipes which are spirally bent, two ends of the heating water pipe extend out of the exhaust gas pool, one end of the heating water pipe is a water inlet, and the other end of the heating water pipe is a water outlet; the waste gas pool is filled with water, and the air outlet of the air inlet pipe and the circulating water pipe are immersed below the water surface. The Chinese patent publication No. CN105485915A discloses a flue gas waste heat recovery device for an oil-fired and gas-fired boiler, so as to solve the problems of large occupied area and difficult installation of the existing flue gas waste heat recovery device. The support tube, the inner wall and the outer wall are coaxially arranged from inside to outside in sequence, an inner chamber is arranged between the support tube and the inner wall, an outer chamber is arranged between the inner wall and the outer wall, the economizer annular header is arranged at the upper ends of the inner wall and the outer wall, the bottom flue is arranged at the lower ends of the inner wall and the outer wall, the lower end of the smoke outlet pipe is communicated with the inner chamber, the upper end of the economizer annular header is communicated with the atmosphere, an annular smoke inlet communicated with the smoke inlet channel is arranged on the inner ring side wall of the economizer annular header, the upper end of the economizer tube bundle is communicated with the economizer annular header, the lower end of the economizer tube bundle is communicated with the bottom flue, the upper end of the light pipe air preheater tube bundle is communicated with the smoke outlet pipe, the lower end of the economizer annular header is communicated with the bottom flue, the inner chamber flue baffles are spirally arranged in the inner chamber from top to bottom, and the outer chamber flue baffles are spirally arranged between the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate from bottom to top. The invention is used for the oil-gas boiler.
Said invention can implement flue gas waste heat recovery and utilization boiler, and its principle is feasible. The following problems still remain: 1. the modification of the boiler flue system is large, the investment is high, and the occupied area of the flue gas treatment system is increased. 2. The system has the advantages of more devices, complex structure, high control difficulty and high operation failure rate. 3. And a plurality of water pumps are arranged in the system, so that the energy consumption of the system and the wet flue gas water recovery cost are increased. 4. The recovery of water vapor in the flue gas is lacking.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a boiler provided with a low-energy-consumption flue gas waste heat recovery device, the device is used for reforming a horizontal flue of the boiler, and on the premise of not generating additional energy consumption, the natural convection of ambient air and saturated wet flue gas is realized by utilizing the self heat of the saturated wet flue gas, the cooling of the saturated wet flue gas is realized, and the purposes of recovering the waste heat and water of the saturated wet flue gas are achieved. The device can reduce the investment and the running cost of the flue gas waste heat recovery process.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a set up low energy consumption flue gas waste heat recovery device's boiler, the boiler includes horizontal flue, set up flue gas waste heat recovery device in the horizontal flue, flue gas waste heat recovery device includes flue gas cooling mechanism, flue gas cooling mechanism includes the cooling tube that vertical direction set up, and cooling tube beam plate is connected respectively to cooling tube upper end and lower extreme and passes from the tube hole of cooling tube beam plate, and the air gets into from the tube hole of cooling tube lower extreme, flows from the tube hole of upper end through natural convection's mode, flue gas exchanges heat with the cooling tube through the cooling tube.
As an improvement, the beam-converging plate of cooling tube upper end sets up on the external surface of the upper end of flue, and the beam-converging plate of cooling tube lower extreme is the box structure, the box is opened above, and other faces are sealed, set up the surface at the flue lower extreme below the box, surface a certain distance apart from the lower extreme outside, the box lower surface sets up the tube hole, the middle part of box lower surface sets up the outlet.
As an improvement, the inside of the cooling pipes is an air flow passage, the bottom end is an air inlet, the top end is an air outlet, and the cooling pipes penetrate through the flue.
As an improvement, the temperature of the wet flue gas is 50-55 ℃, the relative humidity is 100%, and the temperature difference between the ambient air and the wet flue gas is 35-80 ℃.
As an improvement, the cooling pipe is divided into an upstream part and a downstream part along the flow direction of the flue gas, the box body structure is arranged at the downstream part, the air of the cooling pipe at the upstream part exchanges heat with the flue gas in a forced convection mode, and the air at the downstream part exchanges heat in a natural convection mode.
As an improvement, the flue gas of the upstream portion is provided with a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the flue gas, and the air flow rate into the cooling pipe of the upstream portion is controlled by the detected flue gas temperature.
As a modification, the controller controls the blower to decrease the air flow rate into the upstream portion cooling pipe if the detected temperature of the upstream portion flue gas is lower than a set value, and controls the blower to increase the air flow rate into the upstream portion cooling pipe if the detected temperature of the upstream portion flue gas is higher than the set value.
As an improvement, the cooling pipes in the downstream portion are distributed more and more densely along the flow direction of the flue gas.
As an improvement, the distribution density of the cooling pipes in the downstream portion is increasing in the flow direction of the flue gas.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the transformation is small, the structure is simple: the invention is based on the flue gas indirect condensation technology, and only the original horizontal flue of the boiler is modified, so that the investment is small. Compared with the prior art, the flue gas treatment system does not need to be additionally provided with equipment such as a spray tower and the like, and the occupied area of the flue gas treatment system can not be increased.
2. The energy consumption is low: the invention utilizes the self heat of saturated wet flue gas to drive the natural convection of the ambient air and the saturated wet flue gas, thereby realizing the recovery of the waste heat of the wet flue gas and the recovery of water. Compared with the prior art, energy consumption equipment such as a water pump is not needed, and the cost of wet flue gas water recovery is reduced.
3. The cooling pipe is divided into two parts, so that waste heat utilization at different temperatures can be realized, air at different temperatures can be output, waste heat utilization and water recovery can be separated, heat and water are fully recovered, and waste heat recovery efficiency is improved.
4. The invention changes the distribution density of the downstream cooling pipes, thereby ensuring uniform distribution of water on the whole, avoiding dry and too much water distribution on the cooling pipes, and ensuring the service life of the pipes and sufficient condensation recovery of water.
Drawings
Fig. 1 and fig. 2 are schematic structural diagrams of the low-energy-consumption flue gas waste heat recovery device.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a cooling tube converging plate structure and a flue gas cooling tube arrangement mode according to the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the condensate collection mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a flue gas cooling mechanism.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the horizontal flue of the boiler according to the present invention.
Reference numerals in the drawings are as follows:
1: a cooling tube converging plate; 2: a condensed water collecting tank; 3: a flue gas cooling tube; 3-1: an air inlet; 3-2: an air outlet; 4: a water outlet; 5: a horizontal flue of the boiler; 5-1: a flue gas inlet; 5-2: and a flue gas outlet.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings.
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as upper and lower … …) in the embodiments of the present invention are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement conditions, etc. between the components in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.
Furthermore, descriptions such as those referred to as "first," "second," and the like, are provided for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implying an order of magnitude of the indicated technical features in the present disclosure. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature.
Moreover, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to be based on the fact that those skilled in the art can implement the embodiments, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that the combination of the technical solutions does not exist, and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.
The boiler comprises a horizontal flue 5, wherein the flue gas waste heat recovery device is arranged in the horizontal flue 5, the flue gas waste heat recovery device is shown in fig. 1 and comprises a flue gas cooling mechanism, the flue gas cooling mechanism comprises a cooling pipe 3 arranged in the vertical direction, the upper end and the lower end of the cooling pipe 3 are respectively connected with a cooling pipe converging plate 1 and pass through pipe holes of the cooling pipe converging plate 1, air enters from pipe holes at the lower end of the cooling pipe and flows out from pipe holes at the upper end in a natural convection mode, and the flue gas exchanges heat with the cooling pipe through the cooling pipe.
The invention has small transformation and simple structure, is based on the flue gas indirect condensation technology, and only performs transformation on the original horizontal flue of the boiler, thereby having small investment. Compared with the prior art, the flue gas treatment system does not need to be additionally provided with equipment such as a spray tower and the like, and the occupied area of the flue gas treatment system can not be increased.
As an improvement, as shown in fig. 6, the beam-converging plate at the upper end of the cooling tube is arranged on the outer surface of the upper end of the flue, the beam-converging plate at the lower end of the cooling tube is of a box structure, the upper surface of the box is open, the other surfaces are closed, the lower surface of the box is arranged on the outer surface of the lower end of the flue, a certain distance is formed between the lower surface of the box and the outer surface of the lower end, a tube hole is formed in the lower surface of the box, and a water outlet 4 is formed in the middle of the lower surface of the box.
The Chinese patent inventions with publication numbers of CN 110124465B, CN 111974177A and CN 110124500B all adopt a mode of combining a water collecting tower with condensate water circulation to realize wet flue gas water recycling, and the principle is feasible. The following problems still remain: 1. the modification of the boiler flue system is large, the investment is high, and the occupied area of the flue gas treatment system is increased. 2. The system has the advantages of more devices, complex structure, high control difficulty and high operation failure rate. 3. And a plurality of water pumps are arranged in the system, so that the energy consumption of the system and the wet flue gas water recovery cost are increased.
The invention is provided with the device for condensing and recycling the water in the flue gas, has small transformation and simple structure, is based on the indirect condensation technology of the flue gas, and has small investment by only transforming on the original horizontal flue of the boiler. Compared with the prior art, the flue gas treatment system does not need to be additionally provided with equipment such as a spray tower and the like, and the occupied area of the flue gas treatment system can not be increased. Can realize the recovery of waste heat and the recovery of water in the wet air at the same time. A significant improvement over prior art recovery systems.
As an improvement, the inside of the plurality of flue gas cooling pipes 3 is provided with air channels, the bottom end is provided with an air inlet 3-1, the top end is provided with an air outlet 3-2, and the flue is penetrated.
As an improvement, the temperature of the wet flue gas is 50-55 ℃, the relative humidity is 100%, and the temperature difference between the ambient air and the wet flue gas is 35-80 ℃.
As an improvement, the cooling pipe 3 is divided into an upstream portion and a downstream portion along the flow direction of the flue gas, the tank structure (condensate recovery tank) is disposed at the downstream portion, the air of the cooling pipe at the upstream portion exchanges heat with the flue gas by forced convection, and the air at the downstream portion exchanges heat by natural convection.
The cooling pipe is divided into two parts, the upstream part carries out full waste heat utilization, the waste heat utilization efficiency can be greatly improved, high-temperature air is output, the downstream part can utilize the waste heat utilization and the water recovery, low-temperature air is output, the waste heat utilization of different temperatures can be realized, the air of different temperatures is output, the waste heat utilization and the water recovery can be separated, the full heat recovery and the full water recovery are ensured, and the waste heat recovery efficiency is improved.
As an improvement, the flue gas of the upstream portion is provided with a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the flue gas, and the air flow rate into the cooling pipe of the upstream portion is controlled by the detected flue gas temperature. The generation of condensed water at the upstream is avoided by detecting the temperature of the flue gas, and the recovery of heat and the collection of water are affected.
As a modification, the controller controls the blower to decrease the air flow rate into the upstream portion cooling pipe if the detected temperature of the upstream portion flue gas is lower than a set value, and controls the blower to increase the air flow rate into the upstream portion cooling pipe if the detected temperature of the upstream portion flue gas is higher than the set value. By means of automatic control, the temperature of the upstream flue gas is kept above the dew point, and condensation of water is avoided. Preferably, the temperature setting is higher than the dew point temperature.
As an improvement, the cooling tube material of the upstream portion and the downstream portion are different. The downstream cooling tube has a greater corrosion resistance than the upstream cooling tube. There is a problem of low temperature corrosion because condensate water is required downstream. By separating the upstream cooling pipe from the downstream cooling pipe, different materials are arranged according to different conditions, and the cost can be greatly reduced under the conditions of efficiently absorbing waste heat and recycling water.
As an improvement, the cooling pipes in the downstream portion are distributed more and more densely along the flow direction of the flue gas. The invention changes the distribution density of the downstream cooling pipes, thereby ensuring uniform distribution of water on the whole, avoiding dry and too much water distribution on the cooling pipes, and ensuring the service life of the pipes and sufficient condensation recovery of water.
As an improvement, the distribution density of the cooling pipes in the downstream portion is increasing in the flow direction of the flue gas. The arrangement can further meet the requirement that the condensate water is uniformly distributed.
As an improvement, the cooling tube at the downstream part has better corrosion resistance along the flow direction of the flue gas. The cooling water is not excessive due to low downstream temperature, so that the overall corrosion resistance can be increased by increasing the corrosion resistance of the downstream cooling pipe, the cost is further reduced, and the service life is prolonged.
By separating the upstream and downstream cooling pipes, the upstream and downstream cooling pipes can be replaced individually. For example, the downstream corrosion performance results in a short cooling tube life, and therefore a high replacement frequency, and by separating the upstream from the downstream, the overall replacement is avoided, and efficiency is improved.
As an example, as shown in fig. 1-6, a low energy wet flue gas heat and water recovery device includes a flue gas cooling mechanism and a condensate collection mechanism. The flue gas cooling mechanism consists of a cooling pipe converging plate 1 and a plurality of flue gas cooling pipes 3, and the condensed water collecting mechanism comprises a condensed water collecting tank 2 and a water outlet 4. The low-energy wet flue gas waste heat recovery device is arranged in the horizontal flue 5 of the boiler, can be modified on the original horizontal flue, and is assembled and connected with the horizontal flue 5 through a flange or manufactured along with a new flue.
The flue gas cooling pipes 3 are arranged in staggered mode and form 90 degrees with the flow direction of wet flue gas, and the arrangement mode of the flue gas cooling pipes is shown in figure 3.
As shown in fig. 5, a plurality of flue gas cooling pipes 3 are fixed on a cooling pipe converging plate 1 to form a flue gas cooling mechanism. The flue gas cooling mechanism is inserted from the upper wall surface of the horizontal flue 5 of the boiler, so that the flue gas cooling pipe 3 penetrates through the horizontal flue 5 of the boiler, and the cooling pipe converging plate 1 is assembled and connected with the upper wall surface of the horizontal flue 5 of the boiler by using a flange. The condensate water collecting mechanism is assembled and connected with the wall surface of the lower part of the horizontal flue 5 of the boiler by using a flange, and each flue gas cooling pipe is matched with a pipe bundle mounting hole of the condensate water collecting tank, so that the tightness of a flue gas flow channel is ensured. The water outlet 4 is positioned in the geometric center of the bottom surface of the condensed water collecting tank and is connected with the outside through a pipeline and a valve to discharge condensed water.
The specific heat and water recovery process is as follows:
the saturated wet flue gas after wet desulfurization flows into the horizontal flue 5 of the boiler through the flue gas inlet 5-1, the air in the flue gas cooling pipe 3 is heated by the saturated wet flue gas in the horizontal flue 5 of the boiler, the ambient air is heated and the density is reduced. The density difference between the air in the flue gas cooling pipe 3 and the ambient air below the air inlet 3-1 enables the air to generate upward self-ventilation wind power, the ambient air spontaneously flows in from the air inlet 3-1 and flows out from the air outlet 3-2, and natural convection is formed between the ambient air and saturated wet flue gas. The saturated wet flue gas continuously releases heat in the convective heat transfer process, and the water vapor therein releases the latent heat of vaporization and condenses into water on the surface of the flue gas cooling tube 3. Because the flue gas cooling pipe 3 and the flue gas flow direction are 90 degrees, the water condensed on the outer surface of the flue gas cooling pipe 3 flows into the condensed water collecting tank 2 under the action of gravity and is discharged through the water outlet 4, and the water recovery is completed. And the heat-exchanged flue gas is discharged from a flue gas outlet 5-2.
Examples
Taking a 600 MW unit with a smoke flow rate of 200 Nm3/h and a smoke flow rate of 15 m/s as an example, the inlet temperature of the smoke is 50 ℃ and the relative humidity is 100%. By adopting the low-energy-consumption flue gas waste heat recovery device, flue gas cooling pipes with DN 40 size are selected, the flue gas cooling pipes are arranged in staggered mode, and 16 rows of pipe bundles (39 first rows and 38 second rows) are arranged in total, and 616 flue gas cooling pipes are arranged in total. The device can realize water recovery of 5.13 t/day in spring/autumn (the temperature of the ambient air is 10 ℃); the water recovery amount can be realized in summer (the ambient temperature is 20 ℃) by 4.59 t/day; the water recovery amount can be 5.98 t/day in winter (the ambient temperature is minus 20 ℃).
The water recovery amounts achievable with low energy flue gas waste heat recovery devices employing flue gas cooling tubes of different tube diameters are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Water recovery quantity (t/day) of Low energy consumption wet flue gas waste heat recovery device
(note: spring/autumn temperature 10 ℃, summer temperature 20 ℃ and winter temperature-20 ℃;
when DN 32 steel pipes are selected, the first row of 45 pipes and the second row of 44 pipes are used, and the total number of the devices is 712;
when DN 40 steel pipes are selected, 39 pipes in the first row and 38 pipes in the second row are used, and 616 pipes are arranged in the device;
when DN 50 steel pipes are selected, the first row of 31 pipes and the second row of 10 pipes are arranged, and 488 pipes are arranged;
when DN 70 steel pipes are selected, 25 pipes are arranged in the first row, 24 pipes are arranged in the second row, and 392 pipes are arranged in the device. ).
While the invention has been described in terms of preferred embodiments, the invention is not so limited. Various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and the scope of the invention should be assessed accordingly to that of the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. The boiler comprises a horizontal flue, wherein the horizontal flue is internally provided with the flue gas waste heat recovery device, the flue gas waste heat recovery device comprises a flue gas cooling mechanism, the flue gas cooling mechanism comprises cooling pipes arranged in the vertical direction, the upper ends and the lower ends of the cooling pipes are respectively connected with a cooling pipe converging plate and pass through pipe holes of the cooling pipe converging plate, air enters from pipe holes at the lower ends of the cooling pipes and flows out from pipe holes at the upper ends in a natural convection mode, and the flue gas exchanges heat with the cooling pipes through the cooling pipes; the collecting plate at the upper end of the cooling pipe is arranged on the outer surface of the upper end of the flue, the collecting plate at the lower end of the cooling pipe is of a box body structure, the upper surface of the box body is opened, the other surfaces of the box body are closed, the lower surface of the box body is arranged on the outer surface of the lower end of the flue, a certain distance is formed between the lower surface of the box body and the outer surface of the lower end of the box body, a pipe hole is formed in the lower surface of the box body, and a water outlet is formed in the middle of the lower surface of the box body;
the cooling pipe is divided into an upstream part and a downstream part along the flow direction of the flue gas, the box body structure is arranged at the downstream part, the air of the cooling pipe at the upstream part exchanges heat with the flue gas in a forced convection mode, and the air at the downstream part exchanges heat in a natural convection mode; the distribution density of the cooling pipes at the downstream part is larger along the flow direction of the flue gas, and the distribution density of the cooling pipes at the downstream part is larger along the flow direction of the flue gas, so that the distribution density of the cooling pipes at the downstream part is increased continuously;
the flue gas of the upstream part is provided with a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the flue gas, and the air flow entering the cooling pipe of the upstream part is controlled by the detected temperature of the flue gas; the controller controls the fan to decrease the air flow into the upstream portion cooling tube if the detected temperature of the upstream portion flue gas is below the set value, and controls the fan to increase the air flow into the upstream portion cooling tube if the detected temperature of the upstream portion flue gas is above the set value.
2. The boiler of claim 1, wherein the plurality of cooling tubes each have an air flow path therein, an air inlet at a bottom end thereof, an air outlet at a top end thereof, and a through-flue.
3. The boiler of claim 1, wherein the wet flue gas has a temperature of 50 ℃ to 55 ℃ and a relative humidity of 100 ℃ and the temperature difference between ambient air and wet flue gas is 35 ℃ to 80 ℃.
Priority Applications (3)
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| CN202410180868.8A CN117906161A (en) | 2023-05-26 | 2023-05-26 | Boiler of flue gas waste heat recovery device with forced and natural convection functions |
| CN202410181022.6A CN118031239A (en) | 2023-05-26 | 2023-05-26 | Corrosion-resistant boiler of flue gas waste heat recovery device |
| CN202310604832.3A CN116678007B (en) | 2023-05-26 | 2023-05-26 | Boiler provided with low-energy-consumption flue gas waste heat recovery device |
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| CN202310604832.3A CN116678007B (en) | 2023-05-26 | 2023-05-26 | Boiler provided with low-energy-consumption flue gas waste heat recovery device |
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| CN202410181022.6A Division CN118031239A (en) | 2023-05-26 | 2023-05-26 | Corrosion-resistant boiler of flue gas waste heat recovery device |
| CN202410180868.8A Division CN117906161A (en) | 2023-05-26 | 2023-05-26 | Boiler of flue gas waste heat recovery device with forced and natural convection functions |
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| CN202310604832.3A Active CN116678007B (en) | 2023-05-26 | 2023-05-26 | Boiler provided with low-energy-consumption flue gas waste heat recovery device |
| CN202410181022.6A Pending CN118031239A (en) | 2023-05-26 | 2023-05-26 | Corrosion-resistant boiler of flue gas waste heat recovery device |
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- 2023-05-26 CN CN202410180868.8A patent/CN117906161A/en active Pending
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN116678007A (en) | 2023-09-01 |
| CN118031239A (en) | 2024-05-14 |
| CN117906161A (en) | 2024-04-19 |
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