CN116659160A - Cold and hot combined supply compressed air energy storage system - Google Patents
Cold and hot combined supply compressed air energy storage system Download PDFInfo
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- CN116659160A CN116659160A CN202310539673.3A CN202310539673A CN116659160A CN 116659160 A CN116659160 A CN 116659160A CN 202310539673 A CN202310539673 A CN 202310539673A CN 116659160 A CN116659160 A CN 116659160A
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 149
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 45
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011555 saturated liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005622 photoelectricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D16/00—Devices using a combination of a cooling mode associated with refrigerating machinery with a cooling mode not associated with refrigerating machinery
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
- F04B39/06—Cooling; Heating; Prevention of freezing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04B41/02—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids having reservoirs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
- F24S80/30—Arrangements for connecting the fluid circuits of solar collectors with each other or with other components, e.g. pipe connections; Fluid distributing means, e.g. headers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D19/00—Arrangement or mounting of refrigeration units with respect to devices or objects to be refrigerated, e.g. infrared detectors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D3/00—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Supply Devices, Intensifiers, Converters, And Telemotors (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a cold and hot combined supply compressed air energy storage system. The cold and hot combined supply compressed air energy storage system comprises: the energy storage subsystem comprises a precooler, a first compressor and an air storage chamber, wherein the precooler is matched with the first compressor in heat exchange, and the outlet of the first compressor is communicated with the inlet of the air storage chamber; the energy release subsystem comprises a first expander, the first expander comprises a first expansion input end and a first tail gas output end, and an outlet of the air storage chamber is communicated with the first expansion input end; and the cold accumulation cooling device comprises a first heat exchanger and a first liquid pump, the first tail gas output end of the first expander is communicated with the first heat exchanger, the first heat exchanger is matched with the precooler in heat exchange, and the first liquid pump is arranged on a heat exchange path of the precooler and the first heat exchanger. The cold and hot combined supply compressed air energy storage system can solve the problems of energy consumption and cost increase caused by adding a refrigerating device in the existing cold and hot combined supply compressed air energy storage system.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of compressed air energy storage, in particular to a cold and hot combined supply compressed air energy storage system.
Background
The installation scale and the generated energy of new energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy and the like are rapidly improved, but photoelectricity and wind power are limited by natural conditions, and the existing fluctuation can influence the frequency of a power grid, so that the power supply quality is reduced. Therefore, the energy storage technology is used for peak clipping and valley filling, so that the problem of fluctuation of new energy can be effectively solved, and the method has positive significance for improving the energy structure. The compressed air energy storage is used as one of common energy storage modes, has the advantages of long service life, large energy storage capacity, low operation cost and the like, can be coupled with other energy systems to form complementary advantages, and further improves the operation efficiency of the energy systems.
The mode that the required work amount is minimum in the air compression process is isothermal compression, but in practice, the compression process is faster, the gas cannot exchange heat sufficiently in the compression process, isothermal compression is difficult to realize, so that the temperature of air compressed by the compressor is high, the temperature and the pressure of the gas in the gas storage chamber are high finally, the stable operation of materials and a system are greatly influenced, and the volume rate of the gas storage chamber is low due to the high-temperature and high-pressure gas.
In the prior art known by the inventor, there is a mode of cooling gas first and then conveying the cooled gas to a compressor for compression, and in the mode, a set of refrigeration device is needed to refrigerate the gas, so that the temperature of the gas finally entering the air storage chamber is not too high, but the energy consumption and the cost are increased due to the addition of the refrigeration device.
Disclosure of Invention
The application mainly aims to provide a cold and hot combined supply compressed air energy storage system which can solve the problems of energy consumption and cost increase caused by adding a refrigerating device in the existing cold and hot combined supply compressed air energy storage system.
To achieve the above object, according to an aspect of the present application, there is provided a cold and hot combined supply compressed air energy storage system, comprising: the energy storage subsystem comprises a precooler, a first compressor and an air storage chamber, wherein the precooler is matched with the first compressor in heat exchange, and the outlet of the first compressor is communicated with the inlet of the air storage chamber; the energy release subsystem comprises a first expander, the first expander comprises a first expansion input end and a first tail gas output end, and an outlet of the air storage chamber is communicated with the first expansion input end; the cold accumulation cooling device comprises a first heat exchanger and a first liquid pump, the first tail gas output end of the first expander is communicated with the first heat exchanger, the first heat exchanger is in heat exchange fit with the precooler, cold accumulation working media are communicated in the precooler, and the first liquid pump is arranged on a heat exchange path between the precooler and the first heat exchanger; the low-temperature tail gas generated after the first expander works enters the first heat exchanger through the first tail gas output end so as to reduce the temperature of the cold accumulation working medium.
Further, the energy release subsystem further comprises a second expander, the second expander comprises a second expansion input end and a second tail gas output end, an outlet of the air storage chamber is communicated with the second expansion input end, a second tail gas output end of the second expander is communicated with the first heat exchanger, and low-temperature tail gas generated after the second expander works enters the first heat exchanger through the second tail gas output end so as to reduce the temperature of the cold storage working medium.
Further, the cold accumulation cooling device further comprises a cold accumulator, a liquid accumulator and a first flow regulating valve, the cold accumulator and the first flow regulating valve are arranged on the heat exchange path of the first heat exchanger and the precooler along the flowing direction of the cold accumulation working medium, and the liquid accumulator is arranged on the heat exchange path of the precooler and the first heat exchanger.
Further, cold and hot allies oneself with supplies compressed air energy storage system still includes refrigerating plant, refrigerating plant includes second compressor, condenser, evaporimeter and choke valve, and the export and the condenser intercommunication of second compressor, condenser and evaporimeter heat exchange fit, and the choke valve setting is on the heat transfer path of condenser and evaporimeter, and first heat exchanger and condenser heat exchange fit, and first heat exchanger can once cool down cold-storage working medium, can be cooled down by the secondary after cold-storage working medium passes through the evaporimeter.
Further, the energy release subsystem further comprises a coupling, and the second expander is in driving connection with the second compressor through the coupling.
Further, the energy release subsystem further comprises a preheater, the gas flows through the preheater, the cold and heat combined supply compressed air energy storage system further comprises a heat collection subsystem, the heat collection subsystem comprises a solar heat collector and a second liquid pump, the solar heat collector is in heat exchange fit with the preheater so as to raise the temperature of the gas in the preheater, heat collection liquid flows through the solar heat collector, and the second liquid pump is arranged on a heat exchange path of the preheater and the solar heat collector.
Further, the heat collecting subsystem further comprises a hot water tank, a cold water tank and a second flow regulating valve, the hot water tank and the second flow regulating valve are arranged on the heat exchange path of the solar heat collector and the preheater along the flowing direction of the heat collecting liquid, and the cold water tank is arranged on the heat exchange path of the preheater and the solar heat collector.
Further, the energy storage subsystem further comprises a second heat exchanger, the first compressor, the second heat exchanger and the air storage chamber are sequentially communicated, air flows through the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the air storage chamber, and the second heat exchanger can reduce the temperature of air flowing through the second heat exchanger.
Further, the air storage chamber, the preheater and the first expansion input end of the first expander are sequentially communicated, and the preheater can raise the temperature of the gas flowing through the interior of the air storage chamber.
Further, the energy storage subsystem further comprises a first control valve, the first control valve is arranged on a communication path between the second heat exchanger and the air storage chamber along the flowing direction of the air, the energy release subsystem further comprises a second control valve, and the second control valve is arranged on a communication path between the air storage chamber and the preheater along the flowing direction of the air.
By applying the technical scheme of the application, the gas is cooled through the first heat exchanger and the precooler, the cooled gas is conveyed into the first compressor for compression, the first compressor compresses the cooled gas to form the heated and pressurized gas, the temperature of the gas formed by the first compressor after the gas which is not cooled is higher than that of the heated and pressurized gas, so that the temperature and the pressure of the heated and pressurized gas entering the gas storage chamber are not too high, the influence on the stable operation of materials and systems is relatively reduced, and the volume ratio of the gas storage chamber is relatively improved. In addition, the low-temperature tail gas output after the first heat exchanger and the first expander do work exchanges heat, the low-temperature tail gas firstly reduces the temperature of the cold accumulation working medium in the first heat exchanger, the low-temperature cold accumulation working medium reduces the temperature of gas in the precooler again, finally low-temperature low-pressure gas is formed, the low-temperature low-pressure gas is conveyed into the first compressor from the precooler to be compressed, and the gas which is formed by the compression of the first compressor and is heated and boosted enters the first expander after being processed, so that the first expander works, and the energy circulation is integrally formed. The low-temperature tail gas after the first expander does work is fully utilized, namely energy is fully utilized, the gas entering the first compressor does not need to be cooled completely by virtue of the refrigerating device, and the energy consumption and the cost are reduced.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a combined cooling and heating compressed air energy storage system according to a first embodiment of the application; and
fig. 2 shows a schematic block diagram of a cold and hot combined supply compressed air energy storage system according to a second embodiment of the application.
Wherein the above figures include the following reference numerals:
12. a precooler; 1. a first compressor; 2. an air storage chamber; 21. a first control valve; 24. a second heat exchanger; 22. a first expander; 3. a preheater; 20. a second control valve; 4. a second expander; 5. a coupling; 23. a first heat exchanger; 14. a regenerator; 11. a reservoir; 13. a first flow regulating valve; 10. a first liquid pump; 6. a second compressor; 7. a condenser; 9. an evaporator; 8. a throttle valve; 17. a solar collector; 18. a hot water tank; 15. a cold water tank; 19. a second flow regulating valve; 16. a second liquid pump.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 in combination, the present application provides a cold and hot combined supply compressed air energy storage system, comprising: the energy storage subsystem comprises a precooler 12, a first compressor 1 and an air storage chamber 2, wherein the precooler 12 is in heat exchange fit with the first compressor 1, and an outlet of the first compressor 1 is communicated with an inlet of the air storage chamber 2; the energy release subsystem comprises a first expander 22, wherein the first expander 22 comprises a first expansion input end and a first tail gas output end, and an outlet of the air storage chamber 2 is communicated with the first expansion input end; the cold accumulation cooling device comprises a first heat exchanger 23 and a first liquid pump 10, the first tail gas output end of the first expander 22 is communicated with the first heat exchanger 23, the first heat exchanger 23 is in heat exchange fit with the precooler 12, cold accumulation working media circulate in the precooler 12, and the first liquid pump 10 is arranged on a heat exchange path between the precooler 12 and the first heat exchanger 23; the low-temperature tail gas generated after the first expander 22 performs work enters the first heat exchanger 23 through the first tail gas output end so as to reduce the temperature of the cold accumulation working medium.
In this embodiment, the first heat exchanger 23 exchanges heat with the cold storage working medium at the first temperature, the cold storage working medium at the second temperature is formed after the temperature of the cold storage working medium at the first temperature is reduced, the cold storage working medium at the second temperature enters the precooler 12 and exchanges heat with the gas at the first temperature, so that the gas at the first temperature is cooled to become the gas at the second temperature, the gas at the second temperature enters the first compressor 1, the temperature of the gas at the second temperature is smaller than the temperature of air, the work load of the first compressor 1 can be reduced, the first compressor 1 compresses the gas at the second temperature to form the gas at the third temperature, the temperature of the gas at the third temperature is smaller than the temperature of the gas formed by directly compressing the uncooled ambient air by the first compressor 1, the gas at the third temperature enters the gas storage chamber 2, the influence on the stable operation of materials and systems is relatively reduced, the volume rate of the gas storage chamber 2 is relatively increased, the gas at the third temperature in the gas storage chamber 2 enters the first expander 22 after being processed, and the work is circulated by the first expander 22.
The first heat exchanger 23 reduces the cold accumulation working medium of the first temperature in the following manner: the first expander 22 after doing work generates low-temperature tail gas, the low-temperature tail gas enters the first heat exchanger 23 through the first tail gas output end and exchanges heat with the cold accumulation working medium at the first temperature, the temperature of the cold accumulation working medium at the first temperature is reduced, the cold accumulation working medium at the first temperature is changed into the cold accumulation working medium at the second temperature, the cold accumulation working medium at the second temperature has enough cold energy, and after the cold accumulation working medium at the second temperature enters the precooler 12, the temperature of gas at the first temperature is reduced. The whole cooling process does not need to depend on a refrigerating device completely, energy resources required by refrigeration cannot be consumed, low-temperature tail gas after the first expander 22 does work is fully utilized, namely, energy resources are fully utilized, the energy utilization rate is improved, and the energy consumption and the cost are reduced. The first expander 22 further includes a first acting output end, where the first acting output end is connected to a load to drive the load to operate, the load may be a generator, the first expander 22 drives the generator to generate power, so that the user can use the power, and the surplus power can be delivered to the power grid.
Specifically, the first compressor 1 is in communication with the external environment before heat exchange engagement with the precooler 12, i.e. the gas at the first temperature is air in the external environment, and the temperature and pressure of the gas at the second temperature are both less than those of the air in the external environment.
For the cold storage working medium, the first temperature is higher than the second temperature. For a gas, the first temperature is greater than the second temperature, which is less than the third temperature.
In another embodiment, the first compressors 1 may be multiple, multi-stage compression is adopted, and an intercooler is arranged to realize inter-stage cooling. The number of the first expansion machines 22 may be plural, and the intermediate heat exchanger may be provided to increase the inlet temperature of the first expansion machine 22 at the next stage and increase the work output from the first expansion machine 22 to the outside.
Referring to fig. 1 in combination, in the first embodiment of the present application, the cold storage cooling device further includes a cold storage 14, a liquid storage 11, and a first flow rate adjusting valve 13, where, along the flowing direction of the cold storage working medium, the cold storage 14 and the first flow rate adjusting valve 13 are both disposed on the heat exchange path between the first heat exchanger 23 and the precooler 12, and the liquid storage 11 is disposed on the heat exchange path between the precooler 12 and the first heat exchanger 23.
In this embodiment, since the first expander 22 and the first compressor 1 do not work simultaneously, the regenerator 14 and the accumulator 11 are provided, the regenerator 14 stores the second-temperature cold-storage working medium, when the first expander 22 works, the second-temperature cold-storage working medium is stored by using the regenerator 14, when the first compressor 1 works, the second-temperature cold-storage working medium in the regenerator 14 is released, the second-temperature cold-storage working medium enters the precooler 12 to exchange heat with the first-temperature gas to form the first-temperature cold-storage working medium, the first-temperature cold-storage working medium is stored by using the accumulator 11, and then when the first expander 22 works, the first-temperature cold-storage working medium in the accumulator 11 is released, so that the first-temperature cold-storage working medium exchanges heat with the low-temperature tail gas in the first heat exchanger 23 to form the second-temperature cold-storage working medium, and the cycle is completed. The first flow regulating valve 13 is used for regulating the flow of the cold accumulation working medium at the second temperature entering the precooler 12, on one hand, regulating the temperature of the gas at the first temperature, i.e. regulating the temperature of the gas at the second temperature, and on the other hand, regulating the temperature-reducing speed of the gas at the first temperature, i.e. regulating the generating speed of the gas at the second temperature.
By the arrangement of the cold accumulator 14 and the liquid reservoir 11, a temporary storage function is achieved, so that the first expander 22 and the first compressor 1, which do not operate simultaneously, can interact, ensuring feasibility.
In another embodiment, the first expander 22 and the first compressor 1 may be operated simultaneously.
Referring to fig. 1 in combination, in the first embodiment of the present application, the energy release subsystem further includes a preheater 3, the gas circulates in the preheater 3, the heat and cold combined supply compressed air energy storage system further includes a heat collection subsystem, the heat collection subsystem includes a solar heat collector 17 and a second liquid pump 16, the solar heat collector 17 is in heat exchange fit with the preheater 3 to raise the temperature of the gas in the preheater 3, the heat collection liquid circulates in the solar heat collector 17, and the second liquid pump 16 is disposed on a heat exchange path between the preheater 3 and the solar heat collector 17.
In this embodiment, the solar heat collector 17 heats the heat collecting liquid with the first temperature to form the heat collecting liquid with the second temperature, the heat collecting liquid with the second temperature exchanges heat with the gas in the preheater 3, the heat collecting liquid with the first temperature is formed after being cooled, and the heat collecting liquid with the first temperature enters the solar heat collector 17 again to realize circulation. The heat collection liquid of the second temperature is used to raise the temperature of the gas in the preheater 3 so that the temperature of the gas entering the first expander 22 meets the operating requirements of the first expander 22. The solar heat collector 17 uses solar energy as energy, is clean and environment-friendly, and reduces energy consumption.
In another embodiment, the power supply of the first compressor 1 may be supplied by electric energy generated by an external solar energy system, and may also be coupled with other unstable energy sources for dissipating off-grid loads and renewable energy waste electric energy.
In another embodiment, the heat generated by the heat collection subsystem may also provide heat to the user.
Referring to fig. 1 in combination, in the first embodiment of the present application, the heat collecting subsystem further includes a hot water tank 18, a cold water tank 15, and a second flow rate adjustment valve 19, and the hot water tank 18 and the second flow rate adjustment valve 19 are disposed on a heat exchange path between the solar heat collector 17 and the preheater 3 in a flow direction of the heat collecting liquid, and the cold water tank 15 is disposed on a heat exchange path between the preheater 3 and the solar heat collector 17.
In this embodiment, since the solar heat collector 17 uses solar energy, the working period is generally daytime, and therefore the hot water tank 18 and the cold water tank 15 are provided, when the solar heat collector 17 is working and the first expander 22 is not working, the second temperature heat collecting liquid formed by the solar heat collector 17 is stored by using the hot water tank 18, when the solar heat collector 17 is not working and the first expander 22 is working, the second temperature heat collecting liquid in the hot water tank 18 is released, the second temperature heat collecting liquid exchanges heat with the gas in the preheater 3 to form the first temperature heat collecting liquid, the first temperature heat collecting liquid is stored by using the cold water tank 15, and again when the solar heat collector 17 is working and the first expander 22 is not working, the first temperature heat collecting liquid in the cold water tank 15 is released, the first temperature heat collecting liquid is heated by the solar heat collector 17 to form the second temperature heat collecting liquid, and the cycle is completed. The second flow rate adjustment valve 19 is used to adjust the flow rate of the heat collecting liquid at the second temperature, which exchanges heat with the gas in the precooler 12, and on the one hand, adjusts the temperature rise amplitude of the gas in the preheater 3, and on the other hand, adjusts the temperature rise speed of the gas in the preheater 3.
By the arrangement of the hot water tank 18 and the cold water tank 15, a temporary storage function is realized, and when the solar heat collector 17 does not work, energy is stored for the first expander 22 to work, so that the solar energy is effectively utilized.
It should be noted that, for the heat collecting liquid, the first temperature is smaller than the second temperature.
Specifically, the heat collecting liquid may be water.
Referring to fig. 1 in combination, in the first embodiment of the present application, the energy storage subsystem further includes a second heat exchanger 24, where the first compressor 1, the second heat exchanger 24 and the air storage chamber 2 are sequentially connected, and air circulates in the three, and the second heat exchanger 24 can reduce the temperature of the air flowing through the interior thereof.
In this embodiment, the gas at the third temperature, which is compressed by the first compressor 1, enters the second heat exchanger 24, and the gas at the fourth temperature, which is cooled, enters the gas storage chamber 2.
By the arrangement of the second heat exchanger 24, on one hand, the temperature and the pressure of the gas entering the gas storage chamber 2 are reduced again, and the volume rate of the gas storage chamber 2 is further improved again; on the other hand, the second heat exchanger 24 can exchange heat with other energy-consuming machines or energy storage containers, transfer the heat energy of the third temperature gas to the other energy-consuming machines or store the heat energy into the energy storage containers, and fully utilize the energy generated by the first compressor 1.
The third temperature is higher than the fourth temperature, which is lower than the fifth temperature, for the gas.
Referring to fig. 1 in combination, in a first embodiment of the present application, the air storage chamber 2, the preheater 3 and the first expansion input of the first expander 22 are sequentially connected, and the preheater 3 is capable of raising the temperature of the gas flowing therethrough.
In this embodiment, the gas at the fourth temperature enters the preheater 3 from the gas storage chamber 2, exchanges heat with the heat collecting liquid at the second temperature, and is warmed up to the fifth temperature by the heat collecting liquid at the second temperature, and the gas at the fifth temperature meets the operation requirement of the first expander 22, and the gas at the fifth temperature enters the first expander 22 from the first expansion input end of the first expander 22, so that the first expander 22 operates. In order to avoid the influence of the gas in the gas storage chamber 2 on the stable operation of materials and systems, and in order to ensure the high volume rate of the gas storage chamber 2, the temperature and the pressure of the gas entering the gas storage chamber 2 are firstly reduced, and in order to ensure that the first expander 22 can work normally, the preheater 3 and the heat collecting subsystem are added, and then the temperature of the gas entering the first expander 22 is increased, the process that the temperature of the gas is firstly reduced and then increased is realized through the preheater 3 and the heat collecting subsystem, the heat collecting subsystem uses solar energy as an energy source, the temperature of the gas is ensured to be increased to the required temperature, and the energy consumption is reduced.
Referring to fig. 1 in combination, in the first embodiment of the present application, the energy storage subsystem further includes a first control valve 21, the first control valve 21 is disposed on a communication path between the second heat exchanger 24 and the air storage chamber 2 along the gas flowing direction, and the energy release subsystem further includes a second control valve 20, the second control valve 20 is disposed on a communication path between the air storage chamber 2 and the preheater 3 along the gas flowing direction.
In the present embodiment, when the gas of the third temperature exchanges heat in the second heat exchanger 24, the first control valve 21 is closed, preventing the gas of the third temperature, which has not sufficiently exchanged heat, from entering the gas storage chamber 2; when the gas at the third temperature exchanges heat sufficiently in the second heat exchanger 24 and forms the gas at the fourth temperature, the first control valve 21 is opened, so that the gas entering the gas storage chamber 2 is ensured to be the gas at the fourth temperature. When the first expander 22 is not in operation, the second control valve 20 is closed to prevent the gas in the gas storage chamber 2 from entering the first expander 22; when the first expander 22 works, the second control valve 20 is opened, and the gas with the fourth temperature is released to enter the preheater 3 for heat exchange.
Example two
The difference from the first embodiment is that: a second expander 4, a coupling 5 and a refrigerating device are additionally arranged.
In combination with fig. 2, in the second embodiment of the present application, the energy release subsystem further includes a second expander 4, where the second expander 4 includes a second expansion input end and a second tail gas output end, the outlet of the air storage chamber 2 is communicated with the second expansion input end, the second tail gas output end of the second expander 4 is communicated with the first heat exchanger 23, and low-temperature tail gas generated after the second expander 4 performs work enters the first heat exchanger 23 through the second tail gas output end, so as to reduce the temperature of the cold storage working medium.
In this embodiment, the second expander 4 generates low-temperature tail gas after working, and the low-temperature tail gas enters the first heat exchanger 23 through the second tail gas output end, so that the temperature of the cold storage working medium at the first temperature is reduced, and the cold storage working medium at the first temperature is cooled to become the cold storage working medium at the second temperature. The low-temperature tail gas of the second expander 4 can independently enter the first heat exchanger 23 to reduce the temperature of the cold storage working medium, and is matched with the low-temperature tail gas of the first expander 22 to increase the heat exchange amount of the cold storage working medium; the low-temperature tail gas of the second expander 4 and the low-temperature tail gas of the first expander 22 can enter the first heat exchanger 23 at the same time, so that the temperature of the cold accumulation working medium is reduced together, and the heat exchange rate of the cold accumulation working medium is increased. The low-temperature tail gas after the first expander 22 and the second expander 4 do work is fully utilized, namely the energy is fully utilized, and the energy consumption and the cost are reduced.
In another embodiment, the second expander 4 further comprises a second work output end, and the second work output end is connected to the load to drive the load to operate.
In another embodiment, the refrigeration generated by the refrigeration device may also provide cooling to the user.
In the second embodiment of the application, referring to fig. 2, the cold and hot combined supply compressed air energy storage system further comprises a refrigeration device, the refrigeration device comprises a second compressor 6, a condenser 7, an evaporator 9 and a throttle valve 8, the outlet of the second compressor 6 is communicated with the condenser 7, the condenser 7 is in heat exchange fit with the evaporator 9, the throttle valve 8 is arranged on a heat exchange path between the condenser 7 and the evaporator 9, the first heat exchanger 23 is in heat exchange fit with the condenser 7, the first heat exchanger 23 can cool the cold storage working medium for the first time, and the cold storage working medium can be cooled for the second time after passing through the evaporator 9.
In this embodiment, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by the second compressor 6 enters the condenser 7, is cooled by the condenser 7 to form saturated liquid, and exchanges heat with the cold storage working medium in the evaporator 9 after the saturated liquid is cooled and depressurized by the throttle valve 8, and forms steam after absorbing a large amount of heat of the cold storage working medium, and enters the second compressor 6 to realize circulation. The cold accumulation working medium with the first temperature exchanges heat with the first heat exchanger 23 to form a cold accumulation working medium with the second temperature, the cold accumulation working medium with the second temperature enters the evaporator 9, the temperature in the evaporator 9 is reduced again to form a cold accumulation working medium with the third temperature, and the cold accumulation working medium with the third temperature enters the cold accumulator 14 for storage. The cold accumulation working medium at the third temperature is lower in temperature, and can exchange heat with gas rapidly in the precooler 12, so that the temperature of the gas can be reduced rapidly, the cooled gas can enter the first compressor 1 rapidly and continuously in a large amount, and the working efficiency of the first compressor 1 is improved. The refrigeration device, the low-temperature tail gas of the first expander 22 and the low-temperature tail gas of the second expander 4 are matched together to reduce the temperature of the gas entering the compressor, increase the cooling efficiency of the gas, and relatively save energy consumption without completely depending on the refrigeration device.
The third temperature is lower than the second temperature for the cold storage medium.
In another embodiment, the throttle valve 8 may be replaced by an electronic expansion valve.
Referring now to fig. 2 in combination, in one embodiment of the application, the energy release subsystem further comprises a coupling 5, and the second expander 4 is drivingly connected to the second compressor 6 via the coupling 5.
In this embodiment, the second expander 4 is used for driving the second compressor 6 to work, the coupling 5 is used for connecting the second expander 4 and the second compressor 6, the coupling 5 is detachably connected with the second compressor 6, and when the second compressor 6 is not working, the coupling 5 can be detached from the second compressor 6 and is in driving connection with other loads to drive other loads to work.
Other aspects of the second embodiment are identical to those of the first embodiment except for the differences between them, and are not described here again.
The first temperature of the different substances refers to different temperatures, the second temperature of the different substances refers to different temperatures, and the third temperature of the different substances refers to different temperatures.
From the above description, it can be seen that the above-described embodiments of the present application achieve the following technical effects: through first heat exchanger and precooler, with gaseous cooling earlier, the gas after the cooling is carried in the first compressor and is compressed, and first compressor forms the gas that the intensification was stepped up after to the gas compression after the cooling, and the first compressor is higher than the gas that the intensifies that the temperature of the gas that forms after the gas compression after not cooling for the temperature and the pressure of the gas that the heating that gets into the gas receiver stepped up can not be too high, reduces the influence to material and system steady operation relatively, also improves the volume fraction of gas receiver relatively. In addition, the low-temperature tail gas output after the first heat exchanger and the first expander do work exchanges heat, the low-temperature tail gas firstly reduces the temperature of the cold accumulation working medium in the first heat exchanger, the low-temperature cold accumulation working medium reduces the temperature of gas in the precooler again, finally low-temperature low-pressure gas is formed, the low-temperature low-pressure gas is conveyed into the first compressor from the precooler to be compressed, and the gas which is formed by the compression of the first compressor and is heated and boosted enters the first expander after being processed, so that the first expander works, and the energy circulation is integrally formed. The low-temperature tail gas after the first expander does work is fully utilized, namely energy is fully utilized, the gas entering the first compressor does not need to be cooled completely by virtue of the refrigerating device, and the energy consumption and the cost are reduced.
It will be apparent that the embodiments described above are merely some, but not all, embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present application.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A cold and hot combined supply compressed air energy storage system, comprising:
the energy storage subsystem comprises a precooler (12), a first compressor (1) and an air storage chamber (2), wherein the precooler (12) is in heat exchange fit with the first compressor (1), and an outlet of the first compressor (1) is communicated with an inlet of the air storage chamber (2);
the energy release subsystem comprises a first expander (22), wherein the first expander (22) comprises a first expansion input end and a first tail gas output end, and an outlet of the air storage chamber (2) is communicated with the first expansion input end; and
the cold accumulation cooling device comprises a first heat exchanger (23) and a first liquid pump (10), wherein the first tail gas output end of the first expander (22) is communicated with the first heat exchanger (23), the first heat exchanger (23) is in heat exchange fit with the precooler (12), cold accumulation working media flow in the precooler (12), and the first liquid pump (10) is arranged on a heat exchange path between the precooler (12) and the first heat exchanger (23);
the low-temperature tail gas generated after the first expander (22) works enters the first heat exchanger (23) through the first tail gas output end so as to reduce the temperature of the cold accumulation working medium.
2. The cold and hot combined supply compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the energy release subsystem further comprises a second expander (4), the second expander (4) comprises a second expansion input end and a second tail gas output end, an outlet of the air storage chamber (2) is communicated with the second expansion input end, the second tail gas output end of the second expander (4) is communicated with the first heat exchanger (23), and low-temperature tail gas generated after the second expander (4) performs work enters the first heat exchanger (23) through the second tail gas output end so as to reduce the temperature of the cold storage working medium.
3. The cold and hot combined supply compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cold storage cooling device further comprises a cold storage device (14), a liquid storage device (11) and a first flow regulating valve (13), the cold storage device (14) and the first flow regulating valve (13) are both arranged on a heat exchange path of the first heat exchanger (23) and the precooler (12) along the circulation direction of the cold storage working medium, and the liquid storage device (11) is arranged on a heat exchange path of the precooler (12) and the first heat exchanger (23).
4. The cold and hot combined supply compressed air energy storage system according to claim 2, further comprising a refrigeration device, wherein the refrigeration device comprises a second compressor (6), a condenser (7), an evaporator (9) and a throttle valve (8), an outlet of the second compressor (6) is communicated with the condenser (7), the condenser (7) is in heat exchange fit with the evaporator (9), the throttle valve (8) is arranged on a heat exchange path of the condenser (7) and the evaporator (9), the first heat exchanger (23) is in heat exchange fit with the condenser (7), the first heat exchanger (23) can perform primary cooling on cold storage working medium, and the cold storage working medium can be subjected to secondary cooling after passing through the evaporator (9).
5. The cold and hot combined supply compressed air energy storage system according to claim 4, wherein the energy release subsystem further comprises a coupling (5), and the second expander (4) and the second compressor (6) are in driving connection through the coupling (5).
6. The cold and hot combined supply compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the energy release subsystem further comprises a preheater (3), gas flows through the preheater (3), the cold and hot combined supply compressed air energy storage system further comprises a heat collection subsystem, the heat collection subsystem comprises a solar heat collector (17) and a second liquid pump (16), the solar heat collector (17) is in heat exchange fit with the preheater (3) so as to raise the temperature of the gas in the preheater (3), heat collection liquid flows through the solar heat collector (17), and the second liquid pump (16) is arranged on a heat exchange path between the preheater (3) and the solar heat collector (17).
7. The cold and hot combined supply compressed air energy storage system according to claim 6, wherein the heat collection subsystem further comprises a hot water tank (18), a cold water tank (15) and a second flow regulating valve (19), the hot water tank (18) and the second flow regulating valve (19) are arranged on a heat exchange path of the solar heat collector (17) and the preheater (3) along the circulation direction of the heat collection liquid, and the cold water tank (15) is arranged on a heat exchange path of the preheater (3) and the solar heat collector (17).
8. The cold and hot combined supply compressed air energy storage system according to claim 6, wherein the energy storage subsystem further comprises a second heat exchanger (24), the first compressor (1), the second heat exchanger (24) and the air storage chamber (2) are sequentially communicated, and air flows through the three, and the second heat exchanger (24) can reduce the temperature of the air flowing through the interior of the second heat exchanger.
9. The cold and hot combined supply compressed air energy storage system according to claim 8, wherein the air storage chamber (2), the preheater (3) and the first expansion input of the first expander (22) are in communication in sequence, the preheater (3) being capable of increasing the temperature of the gas flowing through the interior thereof.
10. The cold and hot combined supply compressed air energy storage system according to claim 8, wherein the energy storage subsystem further comprises a first control valve (21), the first control valve (21) is arranged on a communication path between the second heat exchanger (24) and the air storage chamber (2) along the flowing direction of the air, the energy release subsystem further comprises a second control valve (20), and the second control valve (20) is arranged on a communication path between the air storage chamber (2) and the preheater (3) along the flowing direction of the air.
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| CN202310539673.3A CN116659160A (en) | 2023-05-12 | 2023-05-12 | Cold and hot combined supply compressed air energy storage system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310539673.3A CN116659160A (en) | 2023-05-12 | 2023-05-12 | Cold and hot combined supply compressed air energy storage system |
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