CN116655159A - Purification and recycling method and application of eel culture wastewater - Google Patents
Purification and recycling method and application of eel culture wastewater Download PDFInfo
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- CN116655159A CN116655159A CN202310684229.0A CN202310684229A CN116655159A CN 116655159 A CN116655159 A CN 116655159A CN 202310684229 A CN202310684229 A CN 202310684229A CN 116655159 A CN116655159 A CN 116655159A
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/24—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flotation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F7/00—Aeration of stretches of water
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of water resource recycling and environmental protection, and discloses a purification recycling method and application of eel culture wastewater. The method for purifying and recycling eel culture wastewater specifically comprises the following steps: settling, anaerobically treating and filtering the eel culture wastewater to obtain clear water and concentrated water; dividing the clear water into a first part and a second part, carrying out catalytic electrolytic denitrification on the first part, mixing the first part with the second part, and carrying out aeration and biological activation to obtain recyclable effluent; adding a flocculating agent and a coagulant aid into concentrated water, and performing air floatation deslagging, microfiltration and catalytic electrolytic denitrification to obtain the effluent reaching the standard. The method provided by the invention can be suitable for eel breeding wastewater with different pollution conditions, obtains effluent with good water quality and meeting the discharge standard, can realize the recycling of eel breeding wastewater and has no pollution discharge, simple process, low treatment cost and good practical application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water resource recycling and environmental protection, and particularly relates to a purification recycling method and application of eel culture wastewater.
Background
Eel (anguinlidae) belongs to order Anguilla, and is also called eel, white eel, river eel, etc., and specifically comprises Anguilla japonica, japanese eel, two-color eel, american eel (south American eel and North American eel), european eel, etc. Eel contains rich high-quality protein and various amino acids and vitamins required by human body, and contains high-content fish oil, so that the eel has high nutritive value and fresh and tender taste, and therefore has extremely high cultivation economic value.
Because the old water and the new water are required to be removed at fixed time in the eel culturing process, a large amount of eel culturing wastewater is generated, and the eel culturing wastewater contains ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and COD with higher concentration Cr The pollutants are directly discharged to the environment if not treated, and can lead to COD of natural water bodies such as rivers, lakes and the like Cr 、BOD 5 And the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus exceeds the standard and the water body is eutrophicated, so that the eel culture sewage is required to be purified.
As the growth speed of eels of different varieties is different, the quantity of baits consumed is also different, and the concentration of main pollutants in the discharged wastewater is also greatly different. For example, during the growth process of the bicolor eel, the daily bait is less, the discharged excrement is less, and ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and COD in the discharged wastewater are discharged Cr The total nitrogen content is less than or equal to 2mg/L, the total nitrogen content is less than or equal to 5mg/L, the total phosphorus content is less than or equal to 3.0mg/L and the COD content is less than or equal to 30mg/L; the American eels grow faster, and in the growth process, the daily baits are more, the discharged feces are more, and ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and COD in the wastewater are discharged Cr Is higher, the ammonia nitrogen in the wastewater is less than or equal to 7mg/L, the total nitrogen is less than or equal to 20mg/L, and the total phosphorus is less than or equal toLess than or equal to 3.5mg/L and COD Cr Less than or equal to 50mg/L. In addition to the above, the concentration of the main pollutants in the eel breeding wastewater is also related to the growth period of eels, and the green and strong periods are due to the rapid growth, the eating and the discharge of the main pollutants of ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and COD in the wastewater Cr Is also higher. At the same time, even the same eel in the same pool, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and COD in the wastewater in winter and summer Cr The concentration of main pollutants is low in winter and high in summer. In addition, the concentration of main pollutants in eel culture wastewater is also greatly related to a culture mode and a drainage mode.
At present, the eel breeding wastewater is mainly treated for COD in the wastewater Cr 、BOD 5 The main methods of the treatment of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus include a method of adding a dephosphorizing agent to a plurality of oxidation ponds in series for precipitation, a biochemical method, an artificial wetland method, a combination method of oxidation ponds and a precipitation method, and the like. However, COD of the effluent obtained by the method of adding the dephosphorizing agent to precipitate in series in a plurality of oxidation ponds Cr 、BOD 5 Most of pollutant indexes such as ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and the like are difficult to reach the emission standard, and larger pollution is brought to the surrounding environment; when the eel breeding wastewater is treated by a biochemical method or an artificial wetland, COD in the eel breeding wastewater is caused Cr And BOD 5 The carbon-phosphorus ratio is seriously disordered with lower carbon-phosphorus ratio, carbon sources are required to be continuously added in operation, the treatment cost is high, and the operation effect is poor; when the combination of the oxidation pond and the precipitation method is adopted to remove the total phosphorus and the total nitrogen in the eel culture wastewater, coagulant is required to be continuously added, and the adding amount in the treatment process is up to 120-300 g/m 3 A large amount of sludge can be produced, the dephosphorization effect is poor, and the cost is up to 0.6 yuan/m 3 The above. Therefore, with the rapid development of eel breeding industry, there is an urgent need for a treatment method which is economical and practical and can realize purification and recycling of eel breeding wastewater.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to adapt to eel breeding wastewater with different pollution conditions, realize purification and recycling of the eel breeding wastewater, and provides a purification and recycling method and application of the eel breeding wastewater.
In a first aspect, the method for purifying and recycling eel culture wastewater provided by the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the method for purifying and recycling eel culture wastewater specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, pretreatment of eel breeding wastewater: precipitating and anaerobically treating eel culture wastewater, removing solid particulates such as feces and residual feed in water, and oxidizing carbon-containing organic compounds in eel culture wastewater to CO 2 And converting the organic phosphorus into phosphate radical to obtain a crude water sample; filtering and splitting the crude water sample to obtain clear water and concentrated water;
s2, treating clear water: the clear water is divided into a first part and a second part, the first part is subjected to catalytic electrolytic denitrification, and then is mixed with the second part for aeration and biological activation to obtain recyclable effluent;
s3, treating concentrated water: and (3) sequentially carrying out air floatation, microfiltration and catalytic electrolytic denitrification on the concentrated water to obtain qualified effluent.
In some specific embodiments, in S1, the temperature of the precipitation and anaerobic treatment is 15-35 ℃ for 3-5 hours.
In some specific embodiments, in S1, the filtering split is: and filtering the crude water sample by adopting a fiber rotary disc filter with a filtering aperture of 5-20 mu m to obtain clear water and concentrated water.
In some specific embodiments, the volume ratio of the clean water is 80-90%, and the volume ratio of the concentrated water is 10-20%.
In some specific embodiments, in S2, the bioactivating is: mixing the bacterial algae culture solution with the aerated clear water, and culturing for 18-36 h at 20-35 ℃.
In some specific embodiments, the bacterial algae culture broth comprises at least two of photosynthetic bacteria, chlorella, diatom, spirulina, and bacillus subtilis.
In some specific embodiments, the bacterial algae density in the bacterial algae culture is 10 7 ～10 10 and/L.
In some specific embodiments, the amount of the bacterial algae culture solution added is 1-5 per mill (v/v).
In some specific embodiments, the method further comprises step S4, and in S4, the sludge generated in the sedimentation and anaerobic treatment and the air floatation deslagging is subjected to gravity separation and pressure filtration to obtain dewatered sludge.
In a second aspect, the invention also provides application of the purification recycling method of eel culture wastewater in eel culture wastewater treatment.
The beneficial effects are that:
the purification and recycling method of eel culture wastewater provided by the invention has simple process, and only comprises the steps of carrying out precipitation and anaerobic treatment and filtration and diversion on the eel culture wastewater, separating the eel culture wastewater into clear water for recycling and discharged concentrated water, and respectively treating the clear water and the concentrated water; the method comprises the steps of separating clear water into two parts, mixing the first part with the second part after catalytic electrolytic denitrification treatment, performing aeration and biological activation, enabling hydrogen ions, hydroxyl free radicals and sodium hypochlorite in the first part to react with ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in the second part after catalytic electrolytic denitrification treatment, oxidizing ammonia nitrogen in water into nitrogen, reducing nitrate nitrogen into nitrogen, eliminating excessive hydrogen atoms, hydroxyl free radicals and sodium hypochlorite, regulating and controlling the volume ratio of the clear water in the first part and the clear water in the second part, enabling eel culture wastewater with different pollution conditions to still have good treatment effects, continuously putting the eel culture wastewater into eel culture for recycling after biological activation, discharging the concentrated water after air floatation deslagging, microfiltration and catalytic electrolytic denitrification, realizing recycling of eel culture wastewater and double-line parallel standard discharge treatment, and achieving good applicability to eel culture wastewater with different pollution conditions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method for treating eel culture wastewater provided in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to realize purification and recycling of eel culture wastewater with different pollution degrees, the inventor has made the following schemes through extensive and intensive studies.
The purification and recycling method of eel culture wastewater provided by the invention comprises the steps of pretreating eel culture wastewater to obtain clear water and concentrated water; on the one hand, when clean water purification treatment is carried out, clean water is divided into two parts, one part carries out catalytic electrolytic denitrification, the other part is directly subjected to aeration and biological activation treatment after being mixed with the clean water subjected to the catalytic electrolytic denitrification, and the obtained effluent can be used for eel culture, so that recycling of eel culture wastewater is realized; on the other hand, the concentrated water is subjected to air floatation, microfiltration and catalytic electrolytic denitrification, and the effluent meets the emission standard.
In the invention, firstly, the eel culture wastewater generated in the eel culture process is subjected to precipitation and anaerobic treatment, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: discharging eel culture wastewater into a sedimentation tank under anaerobic conditions, settling solid such as excrement and residual feed in the eel culture wastewater under the action of gravity, oxidizing organic carbon-containing compounds in the wastewater into carbon dioxide, hydrolyzing organic nitrogen compounds into ammonia nitrogen, denitrifying nitrate to nitrogen and oxidatively decomposing organic phosphorus-containing compounds into phosphate under the action of anaerobic microorganisms in the sedimentation tank, and obtaining a crude treatment water sample for subsequent treatment.
The conditions for precipitation and anaerobic treatment are not specifically limited in the invention, namely, precipitation and anaerobic treatment can be carried out under conventional conditions; in some embodiments, the precipitation and anaerobic treatment temperatures are 15-35 ℃, more specifically 15 ℃, 18 ℃, 20 ℃, 22 ℃, 25 ℃, 26 ℃, 27 ℃, 28 ℃, 29 ℃, 30 ℃, 31 ℃, 32 ℃, 33 ℃, 34 ℃, 35 ℃, or any value therebetween; the time is 3 to 5 hours, more specifically 3 hours, 3.5 hours, 4 hours, 4.5 hours, 5 hours or any value between them.
In the invention, the crude water sample overflows into the filtering and diverting device for filtering and diverting to obtain clear water and concentrated water with different pollution degrees, the device used in the filtering and diverting is not limited, and the device capable of realizing the filtering and diverting effect in the prior art can be used. In some specific embodiments, the filtering and diverting device is selected as a fiber rotary disk filter, the water body is filtered by the fiber rotary disk machine, the main pests of the fishes such as dactylogyrus, worm eggs, wheel worms, worm eggs, melon worms, worm eggs and the like are filtered to obtain clear water, and a small amount of clear water is used for backwashing to obtain concentrated water.
Wherein, the fiber rotary table machine with corresponding filtering aperture can be selected for filtering according to the turbidity degree of eel culture wastewater, the conventional filtering aperture of the fiber rotary table machine is 5-20 μm, and the specific filtering aperture can be 5 μm, 8 μm, 9 μm, 10 μm, 12 μm, 15 μm, 16 μm, 17 μm, 18 μm, 19 μm, 20 μm or any value between them.
In some specific embodiments, the volume ratio of clear water and concentrated water obtained in the filtration and diversion is regulated, preliminary regulation of the pollution degree of the clear water and the concentrated water is realized, the subsequent treatment is facilitated, the volume ratio of the obtained clear water can be 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90% or any value between the clear water and the concentrated water, and the volume ratio of the obtained concentrated water can be 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20% or any value between the clear water and the concentrated water.
In the invention, clean water is treated in a split-flow and combined mode, firstly, catalytic electrolytic denitrification is carried out on the clean water in the first part, so that ammonia nitrogen in the water is oxidized into nitrate radical by hydroxyl generated by electrolysis in the electrolytic process, the nitrate radical is generated by electrolysis and reduced into nitrogen by hydrogen atoms, meanwhile, hydrogen ions, hydroxyl free radicals and sodium hypochlorite in the water can react with ammonia nitrogen and nitrate radical in the second part to react, ammonia nitrogen in the water is oxidized into nitrogen, and nitrate nitrogen is reduced into nitrogen. Preferably, the volume ratio of the first part and the second part can be adaptively adjusted according to the pollution condition of clean water, so that the method has better adaptability.
In the invention, the following specific reactions are involved in catalytic electrolytic denitrification in both the treatment of clear water and the anhydrous treatment:
1. one of the main reactions of catalytic electrolytic denitrification: h 2 O→H·+OH·，
NH due to the presence of ammonia in the wastewater 3 /N 2 Has a standard potential of-3.1, which is far lower than H + /H 2 Therefore, the hydroxyl radicals generated by electrolysis react first with ammonia to form nitrate. At the same time, nitrate reacts with hydrogen atoms generated by electrolysis to produce nitrogen.
NH 3 +9OH·→NO 3 - +6H 2 O，6H·+2NO 3 - →N 2 ↑+3H 2 O。
2. Two main reactions of catalytic electrolytic denitrification:
NH 4 + +NaClO→NH 2 Cl+H 2 O+Na + (monochloramine),
NH 2 Cl+NaClO→NHCl 2 +H 2 O+Na + (dichloramine),
2NH 2 Cl+NaClO→N 2 ↑+3HCl+H 2 O+Na + (denitrification primary reaction one),
general reaction formula: 2NH 4 + +3NaClO→N 2 ↑+3HCl+H 2 O+3Na + 。
And (3) removing ammonia nitrogen, and simultaneously, oxidizing organic phosphorus and polyphosphoric acid in the wastewater into phosphate radicals by catalytic electrolysis.
In the invention, clean water after catalytic electrolytic denitrification and aeration treatment is discharged into a biological activation tank, water body and bacterial algae culture solution are mixed for biological activation, and the water body is cultured for 18 to 36 hours at the temperature of 20 to 35 ℃ to reconstruct the balance of microecology of the water body so as to restore the activity of the water body.
The temperature and time required for the bioactivation may be determined according to the conditions of the water body, and in some embodiments, the bioactivation temperature may be 20 ℃, 21 ℃, 23 ℃, 25 ℃, 26 ℃, 27 ℃, 28 ℃, 29 ℃, 30 ℃, 32 ℃, 34 ℃, 35 ℃ or any value therebetween, and the time may be 18h, 20h, 21h, 23h, 25h, 27h, 28h, 30h, 32h, 34h, 36h or any value therebetween.
In the invention, the microorganism contained in the bacterial algae culture solution is selected as the microorganism which is favorable for eel growthThe substance can be, but is not limited to, photosynthetic bacteria, chlorella, diatom, spirulina and bacillus subtilis singly or in combination, and can restore activity of the water body through mass propagation of photosynthetic bacteria, chlorella, diatom, spirulina and/or bacillus subtilis. Wherein, active substances such as subtilin, polymyxin, nystatin, gramicidin and the like generated in the proliferation process of bacillus subtilis have obvious inhibition effect on pathogenic bacteria, can stimulate the growth and development of eel immune organs, activate T, B lymphocytes, improve the immunoglobulin and antibody level, enhance the cellular immunity and humoral immunity functions, improve the group immunity, and the bacillus subtilis can also synthesize VB 1 、VB 2 、VB 6 And various B vitamins such as nicotinic acid, etc., improve the activity of interferon and macrophage in eel body; more specifically, the thallus density in the bacterial algae culture solution is 10 7 ～10 10 and/L.
In some specific embodiments, the adding amount of the bacterial algae culture solution is 1-5 per mill (v/v), namely, 1-5 mL of bacterial algae culture solution is added into 1L of water sample to be biologically activated, at this time, the concentration of bacterial cells in the water sample is proper, the subsequent culture is facilitated, and the ideal biological activation effect is realized, wherein the adding amount of the bacterial algae culture solution is 1 per mill (v/v), 2 per mill (v/v), 3 per mill (v/v), 4 per mill (v/v), 5 per mill (v/v) or any value between them.
In the invention, in the treatment of the concentrated water in the step S3, firstly, flocculant and coagulant aid are added into the concentrated water for air floatation, and 90-98% of phosphorus and 40-75% of COD in the concentrated water are removed Cr 。
In some embodiments, the flocculant may be, but is not limited to, one or more of ferrous sulfate, ferrous chloride, aluminum chlorohydrate, calcium chloride, sodium polyacrylate, polyacrylamide, polystyrene sulfonate, and polyethylene oxide; the addition amount is 5-200 mg/L, specifically 5mg/L, 10mg/L, 25mg/L, 50mg/L, 60mg/L, 75mg/L, 80mg/L, 85mg/L, 90mg/L, 95mg/L, 100mg/L, 110mg/L, 115mg/L, 128mg/L, 140mg/L, 150mg/L, 157mg/L, 180mg/L, 190mg/L, 200mg/L or any value between them.
In some embodiments, the coagulant aid may be, in particular but not limited to, polyacrylamide; the addition amount is 0.1-20 mg/L, specifically 0.1mg/L, 0.5mg/L, 0.8mg/L, 1.0mg/L, 1.5mg/L, 2.0mg/L, 5.0mg/L, 8mg/L, 10mg/L, 15mg/L, 20mg/L or any value between them.
A certain amount of sludge is produced in the sedimentation and anaerobic treatment and the air-float deslagging, and therefore the treatment method provided by the invention further comprises the treatment of the sludge: collecting the sludge subjected to precipitation, anaerobic treatment and air floatation deslagging, carrying out gravity separation and filter pressing to obtain dehydrated sludge and filtered water, wherein the filtered water can enter a treatment process of concentrated water and is discharged after being purified.
The invention also provides application of the purification and recycling method of the eel culture wastewater in eel culture wastewater treatment, which can realize ideal treatment effect on the culture wastewater with different pollution conditions, has high effluent quality, can enter eel culture for recycling, and has low treatment cost, simple operation and good application prospect.
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is intended to be illustrative of the invention and is not to be taken as limiting the invention. The specific techniques or conditions are not identified in the examples and are performed according to techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field or according to the product specifications. The reagents or apparatus used were conventional products commercially available without the manufacturer's attention.
Example 1.
This example is a method for purifying and recycling eel culture wastewater with a production amount of 3000 tons/day, and specifically comprises the following steps with reference to fig. 1:
1. precipitation and anaerobic treatment of eel culture wastewater
Discharging eel breeding wastewater into a sedimentation tank, and carrying out sedimentation and anaerobic reaction for 8 hours at the temperature of 25-35 ℃; on one hand, solid particles such as excrement and residual feed in eel culture wastewater are removed through precipitation, and on the other hand, carbon-containing organic matters in the eel culture wastewater are oxidized into CO through the action of anaerobic microorganisms in a precipitation tank 2 And converting the organophosphorus to phosphate.
2. Filtration split
Overflowing the eel culture wastewater subjected to precipitation and anaerobic treatment from a precipitation tank to a fiber rotary disc filter with a filtering aperture of 15 mu m for filtering and splitting, wherein the obtained clear water accounts for 80% of the total effluent volume, and the concentrated water accounts for 20% of the total effluent volume.
3. Treatment of clear water
(1) Catalytic electrolytic denitrification: a part of clear water obtained by filtering the fiber turntable is treated by a method of 100m 3 The flow rate of/h enters a catalytic electrolyzer, and catalytic electrolytic denitrification is carried out under the conditions of 62V voltage and 850A current;
(2) Aerating: introducing the clean water subjected to catalytic electrolytic denitrification into a gas separation tower, discharging nitrogen through the gas separation tower, introducing into an aeration tank, simultaneously, directly pumping the other part of clean water obtained by filtering the fiber turntable into the aeration tank, mixing the clean water subjected to catalytic electrolytic denitrification in the aeration tank with the other part of clean water obtained by filtering and splitting, and performing aeration for 12 hours;
(3) Biological activation: the aerated clean water flows into a biological activation tank, and is added into a bacterial density of 10 according to the dosage of 5 per mill (v/v) 7 Culturing the bacterial algae culture solution at 25 ℃ for 18h, so that photosynthetic bacteria, chlorella, diatom, spirulina and bacillus subtilis in the bacterial algae culture solution are propagated in a large quantity in an activation pond to restore the activity of clear water, and the clear water is continuously put into eel culture for recycling.
3. Treatment of concentrate
(1) Air floatation: the concentrated water obtained by filtering the fiber turntable enters an air floatation device, ferrous sulfate and polyacrylamide are added according to the dosage of 50mg/L and 10mg/L, and air floatation deslagging is carried out to remove phosphorus and organic compounds in the concentrated water;
(2) Microfiltration: the solution obtained after the air floatation enters a micro-filter, and tiny solid particles in water are removed through the micro-filter;
(3) Catalytic electrolytic denitrification: the solution obtained by microfiltration was treated at 25m 3 Introducing the flow rate of/h into a catalytic electrolyzer, performing catalytic electrolytic denitrification under the conditions of voltage of 62V and current of 350A, introducing the catalytic electrolytic denitrification solution into a gas separation tower, introducing the gas into a gas separation towerAnd the nitrogen is discharged from the body separation tower and then discharged after reaching the standard.
4. Treatment of sludge
The sludge of the sedimentation tank and the air floatation device enters a plate-and-frame filter press machine for filter pressing and dehydration to obtain dehydrated sludge and sludge filtered water, and the sludge filtered water enters the air floatation device and is treated together with concentrated water.
The water quality index of the water inlet and outlet in each treatment step in this example is shown in table 1. Separating the eel breeding wastewater into two paths after precipitation in a precipitation tank and filtration by a fiber turntable, wherein one path is clear water, and the other path is concentrated water; COD of the effluent after the treatment of catalytic electrolytic denitrification, aeration, biological activation and the like of clear water Cr Less than or equal to 30mg/L, less than or equal to 0.5mg/L of ammonia nitrogen, less than or equal to 3mg/L of total nitrogen and less than or equal to 0.2mg/L of total phosphorus nitrogen, and can be recycled to the culture pond for reuse; and the effluent COD of the concentrated water is treated by air floatation, microfiltration, catalytic electrolytic denitrification and the like Cr 40mg/L or less, ammonia nitrogen or less than 1.0mg/L, total nitrogen or less than 3mg/L and total phosphorus or less than 0.5mg/L, and meets the emission standard.
TABLE 1 Water quality index of inlet and outlet (unit: mg/L)
Example 2.
The embodiment is used for explaining a purification and recycling method of eel culture wastewater with the production amount of 10000 tons/day, and specifically comprises the following steps:
1. precipitation and anaerobic treatment of eel culture wastewater
Discharging eel breeding wastewater into a sedimentation tank, and carrying out sedimentation and anaerobic reaction for 8 hours at the temperature of 25-35 ℃; on one hand, solid particles such as excrement and residual feed in eel culture wastewater are removed through precipitation, and on the other hand, carbon-containing organic matters in the eel culture wastewater are oxidized into CO through the action of anaerobic microorganisms in a precipitation tank 2 And converting the organophosphorus to phosphate.
2. Filtration split
Overflowing the eel culture wastewater subjected to precipitation and anaerobic treatment from a precipitation tank into a fiber rotary disc filter with a filtering aperture of 10 mu m, wherein clear water obtained by filtering accounts for 90% of the total effluent volume, and concentrated water accounts for 10% of the total effluent volume.
3. Treatment of clear water
(1) Catalytic electrolytic denitrification: filtering a part of clear water obtained by the fiber turntable with 375m 3 The flow rate of/h enters a catalytic electrolyzer, and catalytic electrolytic denitrification is carried out under the conditions of 62V voltage and 5600A current;
(2) Aerating: introducing the clean water subjected to catalytic electrolytic denitrification into a gas separation tower, discharging nitrogen through the gas separation tower, introducing into an aeration tank, simultaneously, directly pumping the other part of clean water obtained by filtering the fiber turntable into the aeration tank, mixing the clean water subjected to catalytic electrolytic denitrification in the aeration tank with the other part of clean water obtained by filtering and splitting, and performing aeration for 12 hours;
(3) Biological activation: the aerated clean water flows into a biological activation tank, and is added into a bacterial density of 10 according to the dosage of 3 per mill (v/v) 10 Culturing bacterial algae culture solution at 30 deg.c for 28 hr to make photosynthetic bacteria, chlorella, diatom, spirulina and bacillus subtilis in the bacterial algae culture solution propagate in the activating pond to restore activity of clear water, and the clear water is reused in eel culture.
3. Treatment of concentrate
(1) Air floatation: the concentrated water obtained by filtering the fiber turntable enters an air floatation device, ferrous sulfate is added according to the dosage of 50mg/L, polyethylene oxide is added according to the dosage of 50mg/L, polyacrylamide is added according to the dosage of 20mg/L, and air floatation deslagging is carried out to remove phosphorus and organic compounds in the concentrated water;
(2) Microfiltration: the solution obtained after the air floatation enters a micro-filter, and tiny solid particles in water are removed through the micro-filter;
(3) Catalytic electrolytic denitrification: the solution obtained by microfiltration was treated at 25m 3 Introducing the flow rate of/h into a catalytic electrolyzer, performing catalytic electrolysis denitrification under the conditions of voltage of 62V and current of 350A, and performing catalytic electrolysisThe denitrified solution enters a gas separation tower, and is discharged after nitrogen is discharged from the gas separation tower and reaches the standard.
4. Treatment of sludge
The sludge of the sedimentation tank and the air floatation device enters a plate-and-frame filter press machine for filter pressing and dehydration to obtain dehydrated sludge and sludge filtered water, and the sludge filtered water enters the air floatation device and is treated together with concentrated water.
The water quality index of the water inlet and outlet in each treatment step in this example is shown in table 2. Separating the eel breeding wastewater into two paths after precipitation in a precipitation tank and filtration by a fiber turntable, wherein one path is clear water, and the other path is concentrated water; COD of the effluent after the treatment of catalytic electrolytic denitrification, aeration, biological activation and the like of clear water Cr The total nitrogen is less than or equal to 40mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen is less than or equal to 0.5mg/L, the total nitrogen is less than or equal to 3mg/L, and the total phosphorus is less than or equal to 0.2mg/L, and the total nitrogen and the total phosphorus can be recycled to the culture pond for reuse; and the effluent COD of the concentrated water is treated by air floatation, microfiltration, catalytic electrolytic denitrification and the like Cr 40mg/L or less, ammonia nitrogen or less than 1.0mg/L, total nitrogen or less than 3mg/L and total phosphorus or less than 0.5mg/L, and meets the emission standard.
TABLE 2 Water quality index of inlet and outlet water (unit: mg/L)
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Example 3.
The embodiment is used for explaining a purification and recycling method of eel culture wastewater with the production amount of 1000 tons/day, and specifically comprises the following steps:
1. precipitation and anaerobic treatment of eel culture wastewater
Discharging eel breeding wastewater into a sedimentation tank, and carrying out sedimentation and anaerobic reaction for 8 hours at the temperature of 25-35 ℃; on one hand, solid particles such as excrement and residual feed in eel culture wastewater are removed through precipitation, and on the other hand, carbon-containing organic matters in the eel culture wastewater are oxidized into CO through the action of anaerobic microorganisms in a precipitation tank 2 And converting the organophosphorus to phosphate.
2. Filtration split
Overflowing the eel culture wastewater subjected to precipitation and anaerobic treatment from a precipitation tank into a fiber rotary disc filter with a filtering aperture of 20 mu m, wherein clear water obtained by filtering accounts for 95% of the total effluent volume, and concentrated water accounts for 5% of the total effluent volume.
3. Treatment of clear water
(1) Catalytic electrolytic denitrification: a part of clear water obtained by filtering the fiber turntable is filtered by 42m 3 The flow rate of/h enters a catalytic electrolyzer, and catalytic electrolytic denitrification is carried out under the conditions of 670V voltage and 1000A current;
(2) Aerating: introducing the clean water subjected to catalytic electrolytic denitrification into a gas separation tower, discharging nitrogen through the gas separation tower, introducing into an aeration tank, simultaneously, directly pumping the other part of clean water obtained by filtering the fiber turntable into the aeration tank, mixing the clean water subjected to catalytic electrolytic denitrification in the aeration tank with the other part of clean water obtained by filtering and splitting, and performing aeration for 12 hours;
(3) Biological activation: the aerated clean water flows into a biological activation tank, and is added into the biological activation tank according to the dosage of 1 per mill (v/v) to obtain the microbial cell density of 10 8 Culturing bacterial algae culture solution at 35 deg.c for 18 hr to make photosynthetic bacteria, chlorella, diatom, spirulina and bacillus subtilis in the bacterial algae culture solution propagate in the activating pond to restore activity of clear water, and the clear water is reused in eel culture.
3. Treatment of concentrate
(1) Air floatation: the concentrated water obtained by filtering the fiber turntable enters an air floatation device, ferrous sulfate and polyacrylamide are added according to the dosage of 50mg/L and 10mg/L, and air floatation deslagging is carried out to remove phosphorus and organic compounds in the concentrated water;
(2) Microfiltration: the solution obtained after the air floatation enters a micro-filter, and tiny solid particles in water are removed through the micro-filter;
(3) Catalytic electrolytic denitrification: the solution obtained by microfiltration was taken up at 10m 3 The flow rate of/h enters a catalytic electrolyzer, catalytic electrolytic denitrification is carried out under the conditions of 65V voltage and 320A current, and the catalytic electrolysis is carried outThe solution after denitrification enters a gas separation tower, and is discharged after nitrogen is discharged from the gas separation tower.
4. Treatment of sludge
The sludge of the sedimentation tank and the air floatation device enters a plate-and-frame filter press machine for filter pressing and dehydration to obtain dehydrated sludge and sludge filtered water, and the sludge filtered water enters the air floatation device and is treated together with concentrated water.
The water quality index of the inlet and outlet water in each treatment step in this example is shown in table 3. Separating the eel breeding wastewater into two paths after precipitation in a precipitation tank and filtration by a fiber turntable, wherein one path is clear water, and the other path is concentrated water; COD of the effluent after the treatment of catalytic electrolytic denitrification, aeration, biological activation and the like of clear water Cr Less than or equal to 40mg/L, ammonia nitrogen less than or equal to 0.5mg/L, total nitrogen less than or equal to 3mg/L and total phosphorus less than or equal to 0.2mg/L, and can be recycled to the culture pond for reuse; and the effluent COD of the concentrated water is treated by air floatation, microfiltration, catalytic electrolytic denitrification and the like Cr 40mg/L or less, ammonia nitrogen or less than 1.0mg/L, total nitrogen or less than 3mg/L and total phosphorus or less than 0.5mg/L, and meets the emission standard.
TABLE 3 Water quality index of inlet and outlet (unit: mg/L)
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Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives, and variations may be made in the above embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for purifying and recycling eel culture wastewater is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, front part of eel breeding wastewaterAnd (3) treatment: precipitating and anaerobically treating eel culture wastewater, removing solid particulates such as feces and residual feed in water, and oxidizing carbon-containing organic compounds in eel culture wastewater to CO 2 And converting the organic phosphorus into phosphate radical to obtain a crude water sample; filtering and splitting the crude water sample to obtain clear water and concentrated water;
s2, treating clear water: the clear water is divided into a first part and a second part, the first part is subjected to catalytic electrolytic denitrification, and then is mixed with the second part for aeration and biological activation to obtain recyclable effluent;
s3, treating concentrated water: and (3) sequentially carrying out air floatation, microfiltration and catalytic electrolytic denitrification on the concentrated water to obtain qualified effluent.
2. The method for purifying and recycling eel culture wastewater according to claim 1, wherein in S1, the temperature of precipitation and anaerobic treatment is 15-35 ℃ and the time is 3-5 hours.
3. The method for purifying and recycling eel culture wastewater according to claim 1, wherein in S1, the filtration and diversion is as follows: and filtering the crude water sample by adopting a fiber rotary disc filter with a filtering aperture of 5-20 mu m to obtain clear water and concentrated water.
4. The method for purifying and recycling eel culture wastewater according to claim 3, wherein the volume ratio of the clear water is 80-90%, and the volume ratio of the concentrated water is 10-20%.
5. The method for purifying and recycling eel culture wastewater according to claim 1, wherein in S2, the biological activation is: mixing the bacterial algae culture solution with the aerated clear water, and culturing for 18-36 h at 20-35 ℃.
6. The method for purifying and recycling eel culture wastewater according to claim 5, wherein the bacterial algae culture solution comprises at least two of photosynthetic bacteria, chlorella, diatom, spirulina and bacillus subtilis.
7. The method for purifying and recycling eel culture wastewater according to claim 5, wherein the bacterial algae density in the bacterial algae culture solution is 10 7 ～10 10 And each mL.
8. The method for purifying and recycling eel culture wastewater according to claim 5, wherein the amount of the bacterial algae culture solution is 1-5 per mill (v/v).
9. The method for purifying and recycling eel culture wastewater according to claim 1, further comprising step S4, wherein the sludge produced in the sedimentation and anaerobic treatment and the air floatation deslagging is subjected to gravity separation and pressure filtration in S4 to obtain dewatered sludge.
10. Use of the purification recycling method of eel culture wastewater according to any one of claims 1 to 9 in eel culture wastewater treatment.
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