Purification cyclic utilization system of eel breeding wastewater
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of aquaculture wastewater treatment, and particularly relates to a purification and recycling system for eel culture wastewater.
Background
Eel is a rare fish cultivated in fresh water, has tender meat quality, high content of vitamins and proteins, and has extremely high economic value. The eel culturing method can be divided into pond culturing, warm water culturing, open air culturing and the like, and the construction investment cost in the early stage of pond culturing is low; although the warm water culture has higher requirements on technology and cost, the warm water culture has higher benefit in large-scale eel culture due to the advantages of shortening the breeding period and reducing the incidence rate of diseases; the eel is classified and put in class in open air cultivation, and the requirements on cost and technology are not high, so that the eel cultivation method is the most commonly used at present.
The three eel culturing methods have different requirements on the field and the culturing condition, but have certain requirements on the water quality, and the water body needs to be timely in order to ensure that the water quality meets the culturing requirement, so that a large amount of wastewater can be generated in the eel culturing process. Aiming at eels of different varieties and different periods, the concentration of main pollutants in the wastewater generated in the cultivation process is greatly different, and even for eels of the same variety, the same period and the same pool, the concentrations of the main pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, COD and the like in the wastewater in winter and summer also show the conditions of low winter concentration and high summer concentration.
The existing method for treating eel breeding wastewater mainly adopts a combination of a plurality of oxidation ponds connected in series and a precipitation method, a biochemical method, an artificial wetland method and the like, and the method has high treatment cost, can not effectively treat wastewater with different pollution conditions, and has great limitation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to realize the economical and efficient treatment of eel culture wastewater with different pollution conditions and the recycling of the eel culture wastewater, the utility model provides a purification and recycling system of the eel culture wastewater.
The utility model provides a purification and recycling system for eel culture wastewater, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the system comprises an anaerobic sedimentation tank, a fiber rotary table filtering device, a clear water treatment device and a concentrated water treatment device, wherein an overflow port is arranged on the anaerobic sedimentation tank, a water inlet of the fiber rotary table filtering device is communicated with the overflow port of the anaerobic sedimentation tank, a water outlet of the fiber rotary table filtering device is communicated with the clear water treatment device, and a backwash water outlet of the fiber rotary table filtering device is communicated with the concentrated water treatment device;
the clear water treatment device comprises a clear water storage tank, a first catalytic electrolysis assembly, an aeration tank and a biological activation assembly which are sequentially communicated, the fiber turntable filtering device is communicated with the clear water storage tank, the first catalytic electrolysis assembly is communicated with the clear water storage tank, the aeration tank is communicated with the clear water storage tank, and the biological activation assembly is communicated with the eel culture tank;
the concentrated water treatment device comprises an air floatation tank, a micro-filter and a second catalytic electrolysis assembly which are sequentially communicated, wherein the air floatation tank is communicated with a backwash water outlet of the fiber turntable filtering device.
In some embodiments, the filter cloth pore size of the fiber rotary disc filter device is 5-20 μm.
In some specific embodiments, the first catalytic electrolysis assembly comprises a first catalytic electrolyzer and a first gas separation column in communication with each other, the first catalytic electrolyzer in communication with a clean water storage tank, the first gas separation column in communication with an aeration tank.
In some specific embodiments, the bioactivator comprises a photosynthetic bacteria proliferation cell, a chlorella proliferation cell, a diatom proliferation cell, a spirulina proliferation cell, a bacillus subtilis proliferation cell, and at least one bioactivator cell; the water inlet of the photosynthetic bacteria proliferation pond, the water inlet of the chlorella proliferation pond, the water inlet of the diatom proliferation pond, the water inlet of the spirulina proliferation pond and the water inlet of the bacillus subtilis proliferation pond are respectively communicated with the water inlet of the pipeline mixer, the water inlet of the biological activation pond is communicated with the aeration pond, and the water outlet of the pipeline mixer is communicated with the water inlet of the biological activation pond.
In some embodiments, the microfilter has a screen pore size of 23 to 75 μm.
In some embodiments, the second catalytic electrolysis assembly includes a second catalytic electrolyzer in communication with the microfilter and a second gas separation column in communication with the external drain.
In some embodiments, the system further comprises a sludge treatment device, the sludge treatment device further comprising a sludge concentration tank and a sludge dewatering machine which are communicated with each other, wherein the sludge concentration tank is used for receiving sludge in the anaerobic sedimentation tank and/or the air floatation tank, and a water outlet of the sludge dewatering machine is communicated with a water inlet of the air floatation tank.
In some specific embodiments, the sludge dewatering machine is selected from one or more of a plate and frame sludge dewatering machine, a belt sludge dewatering machine, a sludge centrifugal dewatering machine, a stacked sludge dewatering machine, and a screw press dewatering machine.
The beneficial effects are that:
(1) The system provided by the utility model is provided with the anaerobic sedimentation tank, the fiber rotary disc filter device, the clear water storage tank, the clear water treatment device and the concentrated water treatment device, and the eel culture wastewater is split into concentrated water and clear water with different pollution degrees after being treated by the anaerobic sedimentation tank and the fiber rotary disc filter device, so that the water outlet volume ratio of the concentrated water and the clear water can be adjusted according to the pollution degree of the eel culture wastewater, the pollution degree of the concentrated water and the clear water is kept in a reasonable interval, and the subsequent treatment is facilitated; fresh water with lighter pollution degree enters a fresh water storage tank for storage, part of fresh water in the fresh water storage tank enters an aeration tank for aeration after nitrogen removal by a first catalytic electrolysis assembly, and the other part of fresh water in the fresh water storage tank directly enters the aeration tank for aeration after mixing with fresh water subjected to catalytic electrolysis treatment, and hydrogen atoms, hydroxyl free radicals and sodium hypochlorite generated after catalytic electrolysis react with ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in untreated fresh water to oxidize ammonia nitrogen in water into nitrogen and reduce nitrate nitrogen into nitrogen, so that excessive hydrogen atoms, hydroxyl free radicals and sodium hypochlorite are eliminated; the water quality of the effluent obtained through aeration treatment meets the requirements of eel culture, the effluent contains a certain amount of beneficial microorganisms after being treated by a biological activation assembly, and the water body can restore biological activity and be discharged into an eel culture pond for recycling; the concentrated water with heavy pollution degree enters an air floatation tank, sedimentation occurs under the action of a flocculating agent and a coagulant aid, the effluent after air floatation impurity removal enters a micro-filter to further remove tiny solid small particles in sewage, and finally enters a second catalytic electrolysis assembly to carry out catalytic electrolysis to obtain effluent meeting the emission standard, and the effluent can be directly discharged to the environment; the system provided by the utility model can realize the effective treatment of eel breeding wastewater with different pollution conditions, and can realize the standard discharge and the recycling of the eel breeding wastewater at the same time;
(2) The system provided by the utility model is also provided with a sludge treatment device which is used for treating sludge generated in the eel culture wastewater treatment process to obtain mud blocks and filtered water, wherein the filtered water can enter an air floatation tank to be mixed with concentrated water for treatment, so that the complete treatment of the eel culture wastewater is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a purification recycling system for eel culture wastewater provided by an embodiment of the utility model;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a clean water treatment device according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the utility model is intended to be illustrative of the utility model and is not to be construed as limiting the utility model; the specific apparatus or devices are not identified in the examples as being conventional in the art.
Examples
This embodiment is used for explaining eel culture wastewater's purification cyclic utilization system, and this system can be applicable to the different pollution conditions and obtain eel culture wastewater's treatment, realizes simultaneously that eel culture wastewater's cyclic utilization and discharge up to standard.
Referring to fig. 1, the system comprises an anaerobic sedimentation tank 1, a fiber rotary disc filter device 2, a clear water treatment device 3, a concentrated water treatment device 4 and a sludge treatment device 5; the water inlet of the anaerobic sedimentation tank 1 is communicated with the water outlet of the eel culture tank through a pipeline; an overflow port is arranged on the anaerobic sedimentation tank 1; the water inlet of the fiber rotary disc filter device 2 is communicated with an overflow port on the anaerobic sedimentation tank 1 through a pipeline, the water outlet is communicated with the clear water treatment device 3 through a pipeline, and the backwash water outlet is communicated with the concentrated water treatment device 4 through a pipeline.
In the embodiment, the shape and the size of the anaerobic sedimentation tank 1 are not limited, under the normal condition, the anaerobic sedimentation tank 1 is a circular or polygonal concrete pouring tank body, the depth of the tank is 4-6 m, the anaerobic sedimentation tank 1 is used for collecting and settling wastewater discharged in the eel culturing process, eel manure and residual feed in the wastewater are removed, and meanwhile, the COD in the wastewater is obtained by utilizing the anaerobic reaction of anaerobic microorganisms in the anaerobic sedimentation tank 1 Cr 、BOD 5 Oxidation to CO 2 Organic nitrogen is hydrolyzed into ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen is denitrified into nitrogen, and a large amount of phosphorus-containing organic matters in the wastewater are oxidized and decomposed into inorganic phosphate.
After the eel culture wastewater enters the anaerobic sedimentation tank 1 for anaerobic treatment and sedimentation treatment, overflows from an overflow port to the fiber turntable filter device 2 for filtration, wherein the aperture range of filter cloth in the fiber turntable filter device 2 is usually 5-20 mu m, in the embodiment, the aperture of the filter cloth is 10 mu m, the effluent water treated by the anaerobic sedimentation tank 1 enters the fiber turntable filter device 2, and clear water obtained by filtering the filter cloth flows from a water outlet of the fiber turntable filter device 2 to the clear water treatment device 3 for subsequent treatment; the concentrated water obtained by flushing the filter cloth by adopting part of clear water obtained by filtering flows from a backwash water outlet of the fiber rotary disc filter device 2 to the concentrated water treatment device 4 for subsequent treatment, and the use amount of the clear water for flushing the filter cloth can be adjusted to adjust the water outlet volumes of the clear water and the concentrated water to be 80-95% and 5-20% of the total volume of the wastewater respectively; in the system provided in this embodiment, the volume of the fresh water output is adjusted to 80%, 83%, 85%, 89%, 90%, 93%, 95% or any value between them of the total volume of the wastewater, and the volume of the concentrated water output is adjusted to 5%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 15%, 18%, 20% or any value between them of the total volume of the wastewater according to the pollution condition of the eel culture wastewater treated by the practical application.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the fresh water treatment apparatus 3 includes a fresh water storage tank 31, a first catalytic electrolysis assembly 32, an aeration tank 33, and a bio-activation assembly 34, which are sequentially connected. The first catalytic assembly 32 comprises a first catalytic electrolyzer 321 and a first gas separation tower 322, wherein a water inlet of the first catalytic electrolyzer 321 is communicated with a water outlet of the clean water storage tank 31 through a pipeline, a water outlet of the first catalytic electrolyzer 321 is communicated with a water inlet of the first gas separation tower 322 through a pipeline, and a water outlet of the first gas separation tower 322 is communicated with a water inlet of the aeration tank 33 through a pipeline; the first catalytic electrolyzer 321 is a conventional catalytic electrolyzer used in wastewater treatment, and will not be described in detail.
The water outlet of the clean water storage tank 31 is also communicated with the water inlet of the aeration tank 33 through a pipeline, so that the clean water subjected to catalytic electrolysis and untreated clean water are mixed in the aeration tank 33, and the hydrogen atoms, hydroxyl free radicals and sodium hypochlorite generated in the catalytic electrolysis are utilized to react with ammonia nitrogen and nitrate radical in the untreated clean water, so that the ammonia nitrogen in the water is oxidized into nitrogen, and nitrate nitrogen is reduced into nitrogen, thereby eliminating excessive hydrogen atoms, hydroxyl free radicals and hypochlorous acidSodium, COD in water Cr And adjusting the ammonia nitrogen concentration to be within a range suitable for eel growth.
The biological activation assembly 34 comprises a photosynthetic bacteria proliferation pond 341, a chlorella proliferation pond 342, a diatom proliferation pond 343, a spirulina proliferation pond 344, a bacillus subtilis proliferation pond 345 and a biological activation pond 346, wherein a water inlet of the biological activation pond 346 is communicated with a water outlet of the aeration pond 33 through a pipeline, and the photosynthetic bacteria proliferation pond 341, the chlorella proliferation pond 342, the diatom proliferation pond 343, the spirulina proliferation pond 344 and the bacillus subtilis proliferation pond 345 are respectively communicated with a water inlet of a pipeline mixer through water pipes, a water outlet of the pipeline mixer is communicated with a water inlet of the biological activation pond 346, and a water outlet of the biological activation pond 346 is communicated with a water inlet of the eel culture pond. The photosynthetic bacteria, the chlorella culture solution, the diatom algae culture solution, the spirulina culture solution and the bacillus subtilis culture solution in the photosynthetic bacteria proliferation pool 341, the chlorella proliferation pool 342, the diatom proliferation pool 343, the spirulina proliferation pool 344 and the bacillus subtilis proliferation pool 345 are mixed in a pipeline mixer to obtain mixed bacterial solution, the mixed bacterial solution enters the biological activation pool 346 to be mixed with clear water subjected to aeration treatment, biological activation is carried out under proper temperature and condition, and a large amount of photosynthetic bacteria, chlorella, diatom, spirulina culture and bacillus subtilis are propagated in the biological activation pool 346 to restore the activity of water bodies so as to meet the water quality requirement of eel culture and realize the recycling of eel culture wastewater.
The dense water treatment device 4 comprises an air floatation tank 41, a micro-filter 42 and a second catalytic electrolysis component 43, wherein a water inlet of the air floatation tank 41 is communicated with a backwash water outlet of the fiber turntable filter device 2 through a pipeline, a water outlet of the air floatation tank 41 is communicated with a water inlet of the micro-filter 42 through a pipeline, the aperture of a filter screen of the micro-filter 42 is 23-75 μm, in the embodiment, the aperture of the filter screen is 75 μm, the second catalytic motor component 43 comprises a second catalytic electrolysis machine 431 and a second gas separation tower 432, wherein the second catalytic electrolysis machine 431 is a conventional catalytic electrolysis machine used in wastewater treatment and is not repeated; the water inlet of the second catalytic electrolyzer 431 is communicated with the water outlet of the micro-filter 42 through a pipeline, and the water outlet of the second catalytic electrolyzer 431 is communicated with a second gas componentThe water inlet of the separation tower 432 is communicated with the outside through a pipeline, and the water outlet of the second gas separation tower 432 is communicated with the outside. The water treated by the fiber rotary disc filter device 2 enters an air floatation tank 41, flocculating agent and coagulant aid are added into the air floatation tank 41, sedimentation and air floatation impurity removal are carried out, solid particles in concentrated water are removed, and effluent water of the air floatation tank enters a micro filter 42 for treatment, so that tiny solid particles in the water body are further removed. The effluent water treated by the air floatation tank 41 and the micro-filter 42 in sequence enters a second catalytic electrolyzer 431 for catalytic electrolytic denitrification to remove COD in the water Cr And ammonia nitrogen, and the nitrogen in the water body is removed through the treatment of the second gas separation tower 432, so that the effluent of the second catalytic electrolysis assembly 43 meets the discharge standard, and the standard discharge of eel culture wastewater is realized.
The sludge treatment device 5 comprises a sludge concentration tank 51 and a sludge dehydrator 51, wherein the sludge concentration tank 51 is used for collecting and concentrating sludge in the anaerobic sedimentation tank and the air floatation tank, a sludge pump is arranged between the sludge concentration tank 51 and the sludge dehydrator 52 in a communicated manner, and a water outlet of the sludge dehydrator 51 is communicated with a water inlet of the air floatation tank 41 through a pipeline; wherein the sludge dewatering machine 52 is a conventional sludge dewatering machine used in wastewater treatment, and can be one or more of a plate-and-frame sludge dewatering machine, a belt sludge dewatering machine, a sludge centrifugal dewatering machine, a stacked sludge dewatering machine and a screw press dewatering machine, and in the embodiment, the sludge dewatering machine 52 is selected as a plate-and-frame sludge dewatering machine; the sludge in the sludge thickening tank 51 is sent to the sludge dewatering machine 52 by a sludge pump to be dewatered, the dewatered sludge treated by the sludge dewatering machine 52 can be used as an agricultural chemical fertilizer or recycled in eel culture, and the obtained filtered water enters the floatation tank 41 to be mixed with concentrated water to be treated together.
Although embodiments of the present utility model have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the utility model, and that variations, modifications, alternatives, and variations may be made in the above embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the utility model.