CN116652365B - Friction stir welding equipment for aircraft aluminum alloy structural member - Google Patents
Friction stir welding equipment for aircraft aluminum alloy structural member Download PDFInfo
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- CN116652365B CN116652365B CN202310939284.XA CN202310939284A CN116652365B CN 116652365 B CN116652365 B CN 116652365B CN 202310939284 A CN202310939284 A CN 202310939284A CN 116652365 B CN116652365 B CN 116652365B
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 153
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 229910001095 light aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 241000883990 Flabellum Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/26—Auxiliary equipment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/003—Cooling means
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses friction stir welding equipment for an aircraft aluminum alloy structural member, and relates to the technical field of aviation part processing. The heat radiation assembly comprises a fixed seat, a rotating ring, a limiting ring, a fan ring and heat radiation fins, wherein a fixed rod is connected between the fixed seat and the limiting ring, and a plurality of heat radiation fins are connected to the limiting ring through the heat radiation rods; the rotating ring is movably arranged on the rotating seat, and the bottom surface of the rotating ring is connected with the fan ring through a plurality of fan rods. According to the invention, the radiating component is arranged on the welding head, the radiating component generates wind pressure by utilizing the rotating force generated by the rotating of the welding head, the welding point is blown, the radiating effect of the welding point is improved by arranging the radiating fins around the welding point, the radiating fins can be blown downwards by designing the angle of the fan blades, and under the high-speed rotation of the welding head, the driven wind power can blow off the shaggy and adhered scraps on the surface of the welding point, so that the welding speed is increased, the welding point is kept clean, and the production efficiency and the yield of products are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aviation part processing, and particularly relates to friction stir welding equipment for an aircraft aluminum alloy structural member.
Background
Friction stir welding technology was invented by the united kingdom welding institute (The Welding Institute, TWI for short) in 1991 and was introduced by the space and defense laboratory of the united states boeing company in 1998 for welding certain rocket components. Based on the characteristic that friction stir welding can generate heat in the welding process and remove oxide films on the metal surface, the method is very suitable for welding aircraft aluminum alloy structural members.
In the welding process of the aluminum alloy welding piece, plastic deformation occurs due to friction heat generation, in order to prevent the aluminum alloy welding piece from affecting the whole aluminum alloy welding piece structure when the welding stress is released, heat dissipation should be carried out on welding points in time, if cold liquid is directly used for spraying, liquid pits are easily formed on the surface of the welding piece, the structural stability of the welding piece is reduced, and if cold air is used for spraying, the physical property of the welding piece is easily changed to be fragile, so that the problem to be overcome is how to improve the production efficiency and the product yield under the condition that the stability of the aluminum alloy welding piece is not affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide friction stir welding equipment for an aircraft aluminum alloy structural member, which solves the existing problems.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to friction stir welding equipment for an aircraft aluminum alloy structural member, which comprises a welding machine tool body and a heat radiation assembly, wherein the heat radiation assembly is arranged on a welding friction stir head of the welding machine tool body and is used for cooling and radiating a welding part and cleaning scraps generated in the friction welding process.
The heat dissipation assembly comprises a fixed seat, a rotating ring, a limiting ring, a fan ring and heat dissipation fins, wherein a fixed rod is connected between the fixed seat and the limiting ring, and a plurality of heat dissipation fins are connected to the limiting ring through the heat dissipation rods; the rotating ring is movably arranged on the rotating seat, the bottom surface of the rotating ring is connected with the fan ring through a plurality of fan rods, the fan rods penetrate through the limiting ring core, and the fixing rods are of telescopic structures.
The rotary seat is of an annular structure, a baffle ring is arranged on the peripheral side face of the rotary seat, the baffle ring divides the peripheral side face of the rotary seat into a fixed area and a driving area, a plurality of pin hole groups are arranged on the periphery of the fixed area of the rotary seat, the pin hole groups are two vertically arranged pin holes, pins are arranged in the pin holes, a rotating ring is movably arranged between the two pins, and the rotating ring is respectively in movable fit with the upper pin and the lower pin; a pin arranged in one pin hole group is in threaded connection with the pin hole, and the thread directions are opposite; the pin sets up the purpose to be fixed the rear portion periphery side of soldered connection with the swivel mount, and the swivel mount is used for the control pin to extrude fixedly in the swivel mount, therefore only need reach the structure of above-mentioned effect and all can use, specifically can adopt following structure: the rotating ring and the pin can be in friction fit, and at the moment, in order to overcome the loss between the pin and the rotating ring caused by axial movement, the rotating ring cannot be contacted with the pin after being used for a period of time, and the rotating ring can be made of materials with certain deformability and high friction force, such as rubber and the like; or, a plurality of convex columns can be arranged at the annular part where the pin contacts with the rotating ring, and a plurality of axial grooves are arranged on the rotating ring, so that the convex columns and the grooves are matched to form a gear-like structure; in addition, an elastic element can be arranged on the pin, so that the pin is connected to the rotating seat in a semi-fixed mode, wedge-shaped plates are arranged on two opposite sides of the rotating ring, the wedge-shaped plates press the elastic element and bring the pin out when the rotating ring is rotated, and the wedge-shaped plates release the elastic element and press the pin into the rotating seat when the rotating ring is rotated reversely; the pins on the upper side and the lower side are controlled simultaneously through one rotating ring, and then the pins on the upper side and the lower side around improve the stability of the rotating seat on the welding head, so that the problem of sliding in the rotating process is prevented.
A plurality of telescopic rods are arranged at the part, close to the peripheral edge, of one side surface of the baffle ring, close to the driving area, one end of each telescopic rod is fixedly connected with a clamping seat, each clamping seat is in sliding fit with the rotating ring, a plurality of unidirectional ratchets are annularly arranged on the two opposite surfaces of the baffle ring and the rotating ring, and the unidirectional ratchets are arranged on the baffle ring and the rotating ring in opposite positions and opposite directions; when the swivel ring upwards moves, the check ring and the unidirectional ratchet on the swivel ring are engaged, the rotating welding head drives the swivel seat to rotate, the swivel seat is driven by the check ring on the swivel seat to rotate, the spring is arranged in the telescopic rod, when the swivel ring is not subjected to external force, the telescopic rod can push the swivel ring away from the check ring under the self gravity and the elasticity of the spring, the welding head stops rotating, the swivel seat can also rotate, and the swivel ring is in the opposite relative rotation direction with the check ring because of the unidirectional ratchet, and the swivel ring continues rotating under the action of inertia for a period of time.
The rotary ring is nested on the peripheral side surface of the rotary seat, one side of the rotary ring, which is far away from the baffle ring, is provided with an annular chute coaxial with the rotary ring, the clamping seat is of a G-shaped clamping structure, and one side of the clamping seat is in sliding fit with the rotary ring in the annular chute; one end of each fan rod is connected to the inner side of the annular chute of the rotary ring and is arrayed along the annular chute, the other end of each fan rod is connected with the fan ring, and a surface of the fan ring opposite to the fan rod is annularly arrayed with a plurality of fan blades; through the setting of cassette, can let the rotatory ring under the circumstances of free rotation, keep in certain distance within range with the baffle ring all the time, the expansion range of telescopic link promptly, rotatory drive fan ring is rotatory, the flabellum rotatory on it is moved by the fan ring again, the air is revolved to the flabellum when rotatory, form the air current difference, according to the direction of rotation of flabellum, should adjust the angle adjustment of flabellum to produce the blowing to below and to the peripheral side direction, the piece that produces in the welding process with the welding still has the adhesion blows off, the air velocity on the fin is increased to the wind of side, improve its radiating effect.
The fan is characterized in that an annular limiting plate is fixedly arranged on the fan rod, the limiting plate is arranged between the rotating ring and the limiting ring, the outer diameter of the limiting plate is larger than the inner diameter of the limiting ring, in the process that the welding head is pressed down, the radiating fin is firstly in contact with the welding piece, then the limiting ring is propped against through the radiating rod, the fixing rod is of a telescopic structure, at the moment, the fixing rod is compressed, the limiting ring is in contact with the limiting plate, the limiting plate is jacked up upwards, and force is transmitted to the rotating ring through the fan rod by the limiting plate, and the rotating ring is lifted, so that the rotating ring is meshed with the baffle ring.
The surface of the limiting ring is provided with a plurality of roller cavities, each roller cavity is of a hemispherical structure, the volume of a hemisphere in each roller cavity is more than half of the specific gravity of the whole volume of the sphere, limiting balls are movably arranged in each roller cavity and are limited in the roller cavities, and the limiting balls can freely move and do not fall out; the contact surface of the limiting plate and the limiting ring is provided with a limiting chute, the limiting chute is of an annular groove-shaped structure coaxial with the limiting plate, and the limiting ball is in sliding fit with the limiting chute; the setting of spacing spout and spacing ball cooperation, spacing spout further improves rotatory ring, fan pole stability when rotatory.
The limiting ring is connected with the radiating fin through a plurality of radiating rods on one side surface of the fixing base, the radiating fin is of an annular arc structure, a plurality of radiating columns are arranged on the surface of the radiating fin, the radiating rods are of telescopic structure rod body structures, the surface area of the radiating fin is improved through the arrangement of the radiating columns, and the radiating effect is enhanced.
The fan ring is of a double-ring structure, and the opposite surface of the fan ring, on which the fan blades are mounted, is connected with the fan rod through a connecting seat.
The application method of the friction stir welding equipment for the aircraft aluminum alloy structural member comprises the following steps of:
step one: the method comprises the steps of determining the position heights of a fixed seat, a rotating seat, a limiting ring, a radiating fin and a limiting plate according to the required welding depth of a welding piece, attaching the radiating fin to the welding piece when a welding head works, mounting the rotating seat on the peripheral side surface of the rear part of the welding head, mounting the fixed seat on a welding head fixing arm of a welding machine tool, and determining the position of the limiting ring according to the displacement difference of the limiting plate when the rotating ring is meshed with the rotating seat;
step two: mounting the heat radiation component on the welding machine tool body; according to the position determined in the first step, connecting the fixed seat to a welding head fixed arm of the welding machine tool body, mounting the rotating seat on the peripheral side surface of the rear part of the welding head, and adjusting the position of the limiting ring on the fixed rod;
step three: and starting a switch of the welding machine tool body, rotating the welding head according to the welding parameters input in advance, and adjusting the position of the welding head to be aligned with the welding part for welding.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the heat dissipation component is arranged on the welding head, the heat dissipation component generates wind pressure by utilizing the rotation force generated by the rotation of the welding head, the heat dissipation effect of the welding point is improved by arranging the heat dissipation fins around the welding point, the influence of the high temperature of the welding point on the structures of other positions of the welding piece is reduced, meanwhile, wind can be blown downwards by designing the angle of the fan blade, and under the high-speed rotation of the welding head, the driven wind force can blow off the waste scraps adhered on the surface of the welding point, so that the welding speed is increased, the welding point is kept clean, and the production efficiency and the yield of products are improved.
Of course, it is not necessary for any one product to practice the invention to achieve all of the advantages set forth above at the same time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a friction stir welding apparatus for aircraft aluminum alloy structural members according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a heat dissipating assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged partial view of portion A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged partial view of portion B of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a heat dissipating assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic side view of a heat dissipating assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure A-A of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged partial view of portion C of FIG. 7;
fig. 9 is a partial enlarged view of a portion D in fig. 7.
In the drawings, the list of components represented by the various numbers is as follows:
1. welding a machine tool body; 2. a heat dissipation assembly; 3. a fixing seat; 4. a rotating seat; 5. a rotating ring; 6. a limiting ring; 7. a fan ring; 8. a heat sink; 9. a fixed rod; 10. a fan bar; 11. a heat dissipation rod; 401. a pin; 402. a rotating ring; 403. a baffle ring; 404. a telescopic rod; 405. a clamping seat; 601. limiting balls; 701. a fan blade; 801. a heat radiation column; 1001. a limiting plate; 1002. and a connecting seat.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "middle," "outer," "inner," and the like indicate an orientation or a positional relationship, and are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention relates to a friction stir welding device for an aluminum alloy structural member of an aircraft, which comprises a welding machine tool body 1 and a heat radiation component 2, wherein the heat radiation component 2 is arranged on a welding friction stir head of the welding machine tool body 1, and the heat radiation component 2 is used for cooling and radiating a welding part and cleaning scraps generated in the friction welding process.
As shown in fig. 2 and 5, the heat dissipation assembly 2 comprises a fixed seat 3, a rotating seat 4, a rotating ring 5, a limiting ring 6, a fan ring 7 and heat dissipation fins 8, wherein a fixed rod 9 is connected between the fixed seat 3 and the limiting ring 6, and a plurality of heat dissipation fins 8 are connected to the limiting ring 6 through heat dissipation rods 11; the rotating ring 5 is movably arranged on the rotating seat 4, the bottom surface of the rotating ring 5 is connected with the fan ring 7 through a plurality of fan rods 10, the fan rods 10 penetrate through the ring center of the limiting ring 6, and the fixing rods 9 are of telescopic structures.
As shown in fig. 2-9, the rotating seat 4 is in an annular structure, a baffle ring 403 is arranged on the peripheral side surface of the rotating seat 4, the baffle ring 403 divides the peripheral side surface of the rotating seat 4 into a fixed area and a driving area, a plurality of pin hole groups are arranged around the fixed area of the rotating seat 4, the pin hole groups are two vertically arranged pin holes, pins 401 are arranged in the pin holes, a rotating ring 402 is movably arranged between the two pins 401, and the rotating ring 402 is respectively in movable fit with the upper pin 401 and the lower pin 401; a pin 401 installed in one pin hole group is in threaded connection with the pin hole, and the thread directions are opposite; the pin 401 is provided to fix the rotating base 4 to the rear peripheral side of the welding head, and the rotating ring 402 is used to control the pin 401 to be pressed and fixed into the rotating base 4, so that any structure that is only required to achieve the above effect can be used, specifically, the following structure can be adopted: the rotating ring 402 and the pin 401 can be in friction fit, at this time, in order to overcome the loss between the pin 401 and the rotating ring 402 caused by the axial movement of the pin 401, the rotating ring 402 cannot contact with the pin 401 after being used for a period of time, and the rotating ring 402 can be made of a material with certain deformability and high friction force, such as rubber; or, a plurality of convex columns can be arranged at the annular part where the pin 401 is in contact with the rotating ring 402, and a plurality of axial channels are arranged on the rotating ring 402, so that the convex columns and the channels are matched to form a gear-like structure; in addition, an elastic element can be arranged on the pin 401, so that the pin 401 is connected to the rotating seat 4 in a semi-fixed mode, wedge-shaped plates are arranged on two opposite sides of the rotating ring 402, the wedge-shaped plates press the elastic element when the rotating ring 402 is rotated, the pin 401 is carried out, and when the rotating ring 402 is rotated reversely, the wedge-shaped plates release the elastic element, and the elastic element presses the pin 401 into the rotating seat 4; the pins 401 on the upper side and the lower side are controlled simultaneously through one rotating ring 402, and then the pins 401 on the upper side and the lower side around improve the stability of the rotating seat 4 on the welding head, so that the problem of sliding in the rotating process is prevented.
A plurality of telescopic rods 404 are arranged at the position, close to the peripheral edge, of one side surface of the baffle ring 403, close to the driving area, one end of each telescopic rod 404 is fixedly connected with a clamping seat 405, the clamping seats 405 are in sliding fit with the rotating ring 5, a plurality of unidirectional ratchets are annularly arranged on the two opposite surfaces of the baffle ring 403 and the rotating ring 5, and the positions of the unidirectional ratchets arranged on the baffle ring 403 and the rotating ring 5 are opposite and opposite; when the rotating ring 5 moves upwards, the retaining ring 403 is engaged with the unidirectional ratchet on the rotating ring 5, the rotating welding head drives the rotating seat 4 to rotate, the rotating seat 4 is driven by the retaining ring 403 on the rotating seat to rotate the rotating ring 5, the telescopic rod 404 is internally provided with a spring, when the rotating ring 5 is not subjected to external force, the telescopic rod 404 can push the rotating ring 5 away from the retaining ring 403 under the self gravity and the elasticity of the spring, the welding head stops rotating, the rotating seat 4 also rotates, and the rotating ring 5 rotates in the opposite relative rotation direction with the retaining ring 403 due to the unidirectional ratchet, and the rotating ring 5 continues to rotate for a period of time under the action of inertia.
The rotating ring 5 is nested on the peripheral side surface of the rotating seat 4, one side of the rotating ring 5, which is far away from the baffle ring 403, is provided with an annular chute coaxial with the rotating ring 5, the clamping seat 405 is of a G-shaped clamping structure, and one side of the clamping seat 405 is in sliding fit with the rotating ring 5 in the annular chute; one end of each fan rod 10 is connected to the inner side of the annular chute of the rotary ring 5 and is arrayed along the annular chute, the other end of each fan rod 10 is connected with the fan ring 7, and a surface of the fan ring 7 opposite to the fan rods 10 is annularly arrayed with a plurality of fan blades 701; through setting up of cassette 405, can let under the circumstances of rotatory ring 5 free rotation, keep in certain distance within range with the baffle ring 403 all the time, the flexible scope of telescopic link 404 promptly, rotatory drive fan ring 7 of rotatory ring 5, fan blade 701 rotation on it is driven by fan ring 7 again, the air is winded when the fan blade 701 is rotatory, form the air current difference, according to the direction of rotation of fan blade 701, should be with the angle modulation of fan blade 701 for producing the blowing with peripheral side direction in the below, the below wind blows off the piece that produces in the welding process still has the adhesion with the weldment, the air velocity on the side wind increase fin 8, improve its radiating effect.
The fan rod 10 is fixedly provided with an annular limiting plate 1001, the limiting plate 1001 is arranged between the rotating ring 5 and the limiting ring 6, the outer diameter of the limiting plate 1001 is larger than the inner diameter of the limiting ring 6, in the process of pressing down a welding head, the radiating fins 8 are firstly in contact with a welding piece, then the limiting ring 6 is propped against through the radiating rod 11, the fixing rod 9 is of a telescopic structure, at the moment, the fixing rod 9 is compressed, the limiting ring 6 is in contact with the limiting plate 1001, then the limiting plate 1001 is jacked up upwards, the force is transmitted to the rotating ring 5 through the fan rod 10 by the limiting plate 1001, and the rotating ring 5 is lifted, so that the rotating ring 5 is meshed with the baffle ring 403.
The surface of the limiting ring 6 is provided with a plurality of roller cavities, each roller cavity is of a hemispherical structure, the volume of a hemisphere in each roller cavity is more than half of the specific gravity of the whole volume of the sphere, limiting balls 601 are movably arranged in each roller cavity, and the limiting balls 601 are limited in the roller cavities and can move freely and do not fall out; a limiting sliding groove is formed in the contact surface of the limiting plate 1001 and the limiting ring 6, the limiting sliding groove is of an annular groove-shaped structure coaxial with the limiting plate 1001, and the limiting ball 601 is in sliding fit with the limiting sliding groove; the setting of spacing spout and spacing ball 601 cooperation, spacing spout further improves rotatory ring 5, fan ring 7, fan pole 10 stability when rotatory.
A side surface of the limiting ring 6 far away from the fixed seat 3 is connected with the radiating fins 8 through a plurality of radiating rods 11, the radiating fins 8 are of annular arc structures, a plurality of radiating columns 801 are arranged on the surface of the radiating fins 8, the radiating rods 11 are of telescopic structure rod body structures, the surface area of the radiating fins 8 is improved through the arrangement of the radiating columns 801, and the radiating effect is enhanced.
The fan ring 7 has a double-ring structure, and the opposite surface of the fan ring 7, on which the fan blades 701 are mounted, is connected to the fan rod 10 through a connecting seat 1002.
The application method of the friction stir welding equipment for the aircraft aluminum alloy structural member comprises the following steps of:
step one: the position heights of the fixed seat 3, the rotating seat 4, the limiting ring 6, the cooling fins 8 and the limiting plate 1001 are determined according to the required welding depth of the welding piece, when the welding head works, the cooling fins 8 are attached to the welding piece, the rotating seat 4 is arranged on the outer peripheral side surface of the rear part of the welding head, the fixed seat 3 is arranged on a welding head fixing arm of a welding machine tool, and the position of the limiting ring 6 is determined according to the displacement difference of the limiting plate 1001 when the rotating ring 5 is meshed with the rotating seat 4;
step two: mounting the heat radiation component 2 on the welding machine tool body 1; according to the position determined in the first step, connecting the fixed seat 3 to a welding head fixed arm of the welding machine tool body 1, mounting the rotating seat 4 on the peripheral side surface of the rear part of the welding head, and adjusting the position of the limiting ring 6 on the fixed rod 9;
step three: and starting a switch of the welding machine tool body 1, rotating the welding head according to the welding parameters input in advance by the welding machine tool body 1, and adjusting the position of the welding head to be aligned with the welding of the welding piece.
The invention has the specific working principle that:
after the heat radiation component 2 is fixed on the welding machine tool body 1 according to the method, the welding of the welding piece is started;
during welding, the welding head rotates under the drive of the welding head fixing arm and approaches the welding part, when the welding head does not contact the welding part, the radiating fin 8 is firstly attached to the welding part, the welding head fixing arm continues to downwards, the radiating fin 8 is attached to the radiating rod 11 and fixes the limiting ring 6 arranged on the radiating rod 11, at the moment, the fixing rod 9 with a shrinkage structure is shrunk, the rotating seat 4 arranged on the welding head and the limiting ring 6 relatively displace, the welding head continues to downwards, the limiting ring 6 is attached to the limiting plate 1001 when contacting the surface of the welding part, the limiting plate 1001 is attached to the fan rod 10, then the fan rod 10 is attached to the rotating ring 5, the rotating ring 5 and the rotating seat 4 relatively displace, the telescopic rod 404 is compressed, the rotating ring 5 is snapped with the unidirectional ratchet wheel on the baffle ring 403, the rotating ring 5 is driven to rotate, the fan rod 10 drives the fan ring 7 and the fan 701 thereon to rotate, and blowing is generated, and in order to ensure that air can flow into a gap of the fan ring 7 with a double-ring nested structure and enhance wind pressure;
when the welding head moves, the radiating fin 8 also moves along with the welding head, so that the part being welded is always positioned in the middle of the fan blade 701, and then the radiating columns 801 are used for radiating heat cooperatively, so that the radiating effect is improved, and the welding part is further used for accelerating the radiating.
When the welding is completed and stopped, the welding head is gradually lifted away from the welding piece, the fixing rod 9 is gradually stretched and restored, the rotating seat 4 is also gradually pulled up, when the rotating seat is pulled up to a certain position, the telescopic rod 404 is restored, the rotating ring 5 and the baffle ring 403 are tooth-removed, the limiting plate 1001 is also separated from the limiting ring 6, the rotating ring 5 still drives the fan ring 7 to rotate for a period of time under the action of inertia, and the heat dissipation effect of the final welding point is prolonged.
In the description of the present specification, the descriptions of the terms "one embodiment," "example," "specific example," and the like, mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended only to assist in the explanation of the invention. The preferred embodiments are not exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and the full scope and equivalents thereof.
Claims (5)
1. Friction stir welding equipment of aircraft aluminum alloy structure, including welding lathe body (1) and radiator unit (2), its characterized in that: the heat dissipation assembly (2) is arranged on a welding stirring friction head of the welding machine tool body (1); the heat dissipation assembly (2) comprises a fixed seat (3), a rotating seat (4), a rotating ring (5), a limiting ring (6), fan rings (7) and cooling fins (8), wherein a fixed rod (9) is connected between the fixed seat (3) and the limiting ring (6), and a plurality of cooling fins (8) are connected to the limiting ring (6) through cooling rods (11); the rotating ring (5) is movably arranged on the rotating seat (4), the bottom surface of the rotating ring (5) is connected with the fan ring (7) through a plurality of fan rods (10), the fan rods (10) penetrate through the ring center of the limiting ring (6), and the fixing rods (9) are of telescopic structures; the rotary seat (4) is of an annular structure, a baffle ring (403) is arranged on the peripheral side face of the rotary seat (4), the baffle ring (403) divides the peripheral side face of the rotary seat (4) into a fixed area and a driving area, a plurality of pin hole groups are arranged around the fixed area of the rotary seat (4), the pin hole groups are two vertically arranged pin holes, pins (401) are arranged in the pin holes, a rotating ring (402) is movably arranged between the two pins (401), and the rotating ring (402) is respectively in movable fit with the upper pin (401) and the lower pin (401); a pin (401) arranged in one pin hole group is in threaded connection with the pin hole, and the thread directions are opposite;
a plurality of telescopic rods (404) are arranged at the part, close to the peripheral edge, of one side surface of the baffle ring (403) close to the driving area, one end of each telescopic rod (404) is fixedly connected with a clamping seat (405), each clamping seat (405) is in sliding fit with the corresponding rotating ring (5), a plurality of unidirectional ratchets are annularly arranged on the two opposite surfaces of the baffle ring (403) and the corresponding rotating ring (5), and the positions of the unidirectional ratchets arranged on the baffle ring (403) and the corresponding unidirectional ratchets on the corresponding rotating ring (5) are opposite in direction; the rotary ring (5) is nested on the outer peripheral side surface of the rotary seat (4), an annular chute coaxial with the rotary ring (5) is arranged on one side, far away from the baffle ring (403), of the rotary ring, the clamping seat (405) is of a G-shaped clamping structure, and one side of the clamping seat (405) is in sliding fit with the rotary ring (5) in the annular chute; one end of each fan rod (10) is connected to the inner side of the annular chute of the rotary ring (5) and is arrayed along the annular chute, the other end of each fan rod (10) is connected with the fan ring (7), and a surface of the fan ring (7) opposite to the fan rods (10) is annularly arrayed with a plurality of fan blades (701); one side surface of the limiting ring (6) far away from the fixed seat (3) is connected with the radiating fins (8) through a plurality of radiating rods (11), the radiating fins (8) are of annular arc structures, and a plurality of radiating columns (801) are arranged on the surface of the radiating fins (8).
2. The friction stir welding equipment for the aircraft aluminum alloy structural member according to claim 1, wherein an annular limiting plate (1001) is fixedly arranged on the fan rod (10), the limiting plate (1001) is arranged between the rotating ring (5) and the limiting ring (6), and the outer diameter of the limiting plate (1001) is larger than the inner diameter of the limiting ring (6).
3. The friction stir welding equipment for the aircraft aluminum alloy structural member according to claim 2, wherein the surface of the limiting ring (6) is provided with a plurality of roller cavities, each roller cavity is of a hemispherical structure, the volume of a hemisphere in each roller cavity is more than half of the specific gravity of the whole volume of the sphere, and limiting balls (601) are movably arranged in each roller cavity; the contact surface of limiting plate (1001) and spacing ring (6) is provided with spacing spout, and spacing spout is the coaxial ring channel-shaped structure with limiting plate (1001), spacing ball (601) and spacing spout sliding fit.
4. A friction stir welding apparatus for aluminum alloy structural members of aircraft according to claim 3, wherein said fan ring (7) is of a double-ring structure, and opposite surfaces of the fan ring (7) to which the fan blades (701) are mounted are connected to the fan bar (10) by connecting seats (1002).
5. A method of using a friction stir welding apparatus for aircraft aluminum alloy structural members according to any one of claims 1-4, comprising the steps of:
step one: according to the required welding depth of a welding piece, the position heights of a fixing seat (3), a rotating seat (4), a limiting ring (6), cooling fins (8) and a limiting plate (1001) are determined, when the welding head works, the cooling fins (8) are attached to the welding piece, the rotating seat (4) is arranged on the peripheral side face of the rear part of the welding head, the fixing seat (3) is arranged on a welding head fixing arm of a welding machine tool, and the position of the limiting ring (6) is determined according to the displacement difference of the limiting plate (1001) when the rotating ring (5) is meshed with the rotating seat (4);
step two: the heat dissipation assembly (2) is arranged on the welding machine tool body (1); according to the position determined in the first step, the fixed seat (3) is connected to a welding head fixing arm of the welding machine tool body (1), the rotating seat (4) is arranged on the peripheral side surface of the rear part of the welding head, and the position of the limiting ring (6) on the fixing rod (9) is adjusted;
step three: and starting a switch of the welding machine tool body (1), rotating the welding head according to the welding parameters input in advance by the welding machine tool body (1), and adjusting the position of the welding head to align with the welding of the welding piece.
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| CN202310939284.XA CN116652365B (en) | 2023-07-28 | 2023-07-28 | Friction stir welding equipment for aircraft aluminum alloy structural member |
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| CN202310939284.XA CN116652365B (en) | 2023-07-28 | 2023-07-28 | Friction stir welding equipment for aircraft aluminum alloy structural member |
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| CN117506123B (en) * | 2024-01-04 | 2024-05-28 | 成都市鸿侠科技有限责任公司 | Rapid cooling device for aircraft skin precise laser welding process |
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| CN116652365A (en) | 2023-08-29 |
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