CN116642957B - Foundation pile ultrasonic detection interpretation method based on multiple acoustic parameters - Google Patents
Foundation pile ultrasonic detection interpretation method based on multiple acoustic parameters Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/07—Analysing solids by measuring propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/28—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details providing acoustic coupling, e.g. water
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
- G01N29/4445—Classification of defects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
- G01N29/449—Statistical methods not provided for in G01N29/4409, e.g. averaging, smoothing and interpolation
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- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
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- G01N2291/0232—Glass, ceramics, concrete or stone
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/028—Material parameters
- G01N2291/0289—Internal structure, e.g. defects, grain size, texture
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/26—Scanned objects
- G01N2291/269—Various geometry objects
- G01N2291/2698—Other discrete objects, e.g. bricks
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Abstract
The application provides a foundation pile ultrasonic detection and interpretation method based on multiple acoustic parameters, which can rapidly and accurately interpret the integrity condition of a foundation pile by comprehensively analyzing the ultrasonic signals of the foundation pile by adopting multiple acoustic parameters including wave velocity, wave amplitude and main frequency. Through the comprehensive analysis, the structural state of the foundation pile can be more comprehensively estimated, and the efficiency and reliability of foundation pile detection are improved. In addition, the application also provides a method for remotely supervising the foundation pile, and the real-time uploading and the remote supervision of the foundation pile detection data are realized by combining the data acquisition and processing system, the cloud server and the client. The data acquisition processing system can acquire and process the data of the ultrasonic detection foundation pile, the cloud server performs real-time processing and analysis, and a user can check the real-time state and monitoring data of the foundation pile at any time through the client terminal. The method and the system have important application value and market prospect in the fields of infrastructure engineering, constructional engineering and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to an ultrasonic detection technology of foundation piles, in particular to a foundation pile ultrasonic detection interpretation method based on multiple acoustic parameters.
Background
In civil engineering, foundation piles are an important component of a supporting structure, the integrity of which is critical to the safety and stability of the engineering, and which are widely used in various civil engineering structures, such as bridge, building and the like. However, over time, these foundation piles may deteriorate or fail due to corrosion, loading, or environmental conditions. The traditional foundation pile ultrasonic detection method generally only considers a single acoustic parameter, and the integrity of the foundation pile is difficult to comprehensively evaluate. Therefore, there is a need for a method based on multiple acoustic parameters that can comprehensively consider multiple indicators to interpret the integrity of the foundation pile. In addition, the monitoring and maintenance of foundation piles usually requires manual operation and site survey, and has the problems of large workload, high cost, long period and the like. The traditional monitoring method has certain limitation on the integrity and structural condition judgment of the foundation pile, and cannot realize real-time and remote monitoring.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the application provides the foundation pile ultrasonic detection and interpretation method based on the multiple acoustic parameters, and the foundation pile ultrasonic detection and interpretation method based on the multiple acoustic parameters can be widely applied to the field of civil engineering to evaluate the integrity of the foundation pile, detect potential defects or damages and guide maintenance and repair work through comprehensive analysis of the multiple acoustic parameters. In addition, the real-time and remote monitoring of the foundation pile is realized by combining the data acquisition and processing system, the cloud server and the client. The method and the system have important application value and market prospect in the fields of infrastructure engineering, constructional engineering and the like.
In order to achieve the above object, the present application is realized by the following technical scheme: a foundation pile ultrasonic detection interpretation method based on multiple acoustic parameters comprises the following steps:
step 1: embedding a plurality of mutually parallel sounding pipes in the foundation pile, wherein any two sounding pipes can be combined into a detection section, and the number of the detection sections can be determined through the combination of different sounding pipes; respectively placing an ultrasonic transmitting transducer and an ultrasonic receiving transducer at the bottoms of two acoustic pipes combined into a detection section, and filling water into the two acoustic pipes through a water injection device to serve as a coupling medium;
step 2: the ultrasonic transmitting transducer and the ultrasonic receiving transducer are pulled by the traction device so that the ultrasonic transmitting transducer and the ultrasonic receiving transducer can synchronously move upwards in the sounding pipe, and the depths of the ultrasonic transmitting transducer and the ultrasonic receiving transducer are always consistent in the moving process; using ultrasonic wave transmitting transducers to transmit ultrasonic wave signals at a plurality of preset depths, after receiving ultrasonic wave signals transmitted by foundation pile concrete at corresponding depths, converting the transmitted ultrasonic wave signals into analog electric signals, and then transmitting the analog electric signals to a data acquisition processing system, wherein the data acquisition processing system can acquire ultrasonic wave signals of different acoustic lines positioned at different preset depths on a detection section, and the number of the acoustic lines used for detection on the detection section can be set according to actual requirements;
step 3: an analog signal amplifier in the data acquisition and processing system amplifies the analog electric signal and converts the amplified analog electric signal into a digital signal through an analog-to-digital converter in the data acquisition and processing system;
step 4: the data acquisition processing system analyzes and processes the digital signals to extract the wave speed, the wave amplitude and the main frequency parameters of each acoustic measuring line;
step 5: and the data acquisition processing system calculates and obtains an integrity evaluation index of each acoustic line according to the wave speed, the wave amplitude and the dominant frequency parameters of each acoustic line, and judges whether the position of each acoustic line has defects according to the integrity evaluation index.
Further, in the step 4, the digital signal is analyzed and processed to extract the wave speed, the wave amplitude and the dominant frequency parameters of each acoustic line, specifically: and extracting the wave speed, the wave amplitude and the dominant frequency parameters of each acoustic line by using a Fourier transform algorithm.
Further, the step 5: according to the wave speed, the wave amplitude and the dominant frequency parameters of each acoustic line, calculating to obtain an integrity evaluation index of each acoustic line, and judging whether defects exist at the position of each acoustic line according to the integrity evaluation index, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 5.1: according to the actual requirement, M detection sections are arranged on the foundation pile, N sound measuring lines are arranged on each detection section, and the integrity evaluation index K of the sound measuring lines is calculated by using the following algorithm (i,j) ：
= />(1)
= />(2)
= />(3)
,j=[1,M] (4)
Wherein j-refers to the jth section, the value range is a positive integer from 1 to M, i-refers to the ith acoustic line in a certain section, V (i,j) -j detecting the wave velocity of the ith acoustic line of the profile; f (F) (i,j) -j detecting the dominant frequency of the ith acoustic line of the profile; a is that (i,j) -j detecting the amplitude of the ith line of sound of the profile; v (V) ’ (i,j) -j detecting the wave velocity of the ith line of sound of the profile and the maximum wave velocity max (V (i,j) ) Is a ratio of (2); f (F) ’ (i,j) -j detecting the dominant frequency of the i-th line of sound of the profile and the maximum dominant frequency max (F (i,j) ) Is a ratio of (2); a is that ’ (i,j) -j detecting the amplitude of the ith line of sound of the profile and the maximum amplitude max (A (i,j) ) Is a ratio of (2); m-probability guarantee coefficient;-detecting all V in profile for j (i,j) ·F (i,j) ·A (i,j) Standard deviation of values; k (K) (i,j) -an integrity evaluation index of the acoustic line;
step 5.2: if K (i,j) 1 or more, the sound test line is complete; k (K) (i,j) < 1, indicating that the acoustic line has defects; k of acoustic line (i,j) The lower the level of the water in the tank,the greater the degree of defect that indicates the location of the acoustic line.
Further, the foundation pile ultrasonic detection and interpretation method based on the multiple acoustic parameters further comprises the following steps: step 6: setting a three-dimensional vector identifier (g, j, i) to distinguish each sound line, wherein the three-dimensional vector identifier (g, j, i) represents an ith sound line on a jth section on a foundation pile with the number g; establishing a result storage system in the data acquisition and processing system; in the result storage system, creating a corresponding record for each acoustic line and associating with its corresponding three-dimensional vector identifier (g, j, i); the record comprises three-dimensional vector identification (g, j, i), wave speed, wave amplitude, dominant frequency and integrity evaluation indexes of the sound line.
Further, the foundation piles can be multiple, each foundation pile is connected with a data acquisition and processing system, and the data acquisition and processing system can upload the record of the stored sound line to the cloud server in real time; the cloud server can receive the record of the sound line and generate a detection report; the client may connect to the cloud server over a network, looking up the detection report and the sound line record for multiple piles through a specialized software application or web page interface.
Further, the data acquisition and processing system can detect the foundation pile periodically or in real time, or the client can send foundation pile detection commands to all or selected data acquisition and processing systems through the cloud server so as to trigger the data acquisition and processing systems to detect foundation piles connected with the foundation pile detection commands.
Further, the client side can set the management number of each foundation pile and the contact way of the corresponding project responsible person through the cloud server, when detecting that the position of the sound line on a foundation pile is defective, the cloud server sends an alarm notice to the corresponding project responsible person, and the alarm notice can be sent through a short message and/or a mail, and the alarm notice comprises the management number and the detection report of the foundation pile with the defect and the record of the sound line on the foundation pile with the defect.
Furthermore, the manager can set the access authority of the cloud server, and only the authorized personnel can view and modify the data; the cloud server can also record operation logs and audit logs, access and modification operations on data are recorded, and traceability and safety of the data are ensured.
The application has the beneficial effects that:
the application provides a foundation pile ultrasonic detection interpretation method based on multiple acoustic parameters. By adopting various acoustic parameters including wave velocity, wave amplitude and main frequency and comprehensively analyzing the ultrasonic signals of the foundation pile, the integrity condition of the foundation pile can be rapidly and accurately judged. Through the comprehensive analysis, the structural state of the foundation pile can be more comprehensively estimated, and the efficiency and reliability of foundation pile detection are improved.
In addition, the application also provides a method for remotely supervising the foundation pile, and the real-time uploading and the remote supervision of the foundation pile detection data are realized by combining the data acquisition and processing system, the cloud server and the client. The data acquisition processing system can acquire and process the data of the ultrasonic detection foundation pile, the cloud server performs real-time processing and analysis, and a user can check the real-time state and monitoring data of the foundation pile at any time through the client terminal.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments, given with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a cross-section of a foundation pile, an embodiment of a sonographic profile;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of ultrasonic detection of a foundation pile by a data acquisition and processing system;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for ultrasonic detection and interpretation of foundation piles based on multiple acoustic parameters;
fig. 4 is a system diagram of remote supervision of a plurality of foundation piles.
Detailed Description
The application is further described in connection with the following detailed description, in order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement of the purpose and the effect of the application easy to understand.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the foundation pile is embedded with three parallel sounding pipes BB ', CC ', DD ', and each two sounding pipes can be combined into a detection section, which includes three detection sections, namely BCC ' B ', BDD ' B ', CDD ' C ', respectively, wherein QP is a sounding line on the detection section BCC ' B ' with depth h1, and ST is a sounding line on the detection section BCC ' B ' with depth h 2; i.e. the acoustic line is the boundary between the detection section of the preset depth and the detection section. Fig. 1 is only an embodiment of a pile detection section and a distribution diagram of acoustic lines, and those skilled in the art may set the number and distribution of acoustic lines on the acoustic pipe, the detection section and the detection section according to practical situations, which is not limited in the present application.
Embedding a plurality of mutually parallel sound measuring tubes in a foundation pile, combining any two sound measuring tubes into a detection section, respectively placing an ultrasonic transmitting transducer and an ultrasonic receiving transducer at the bottoms of the two sound measuring tubes combined into the detection section, wherein the number of the ultrasonic transmitting transducer and the number of the ultrasonic receiving transducer can be set according to actual needs; for example, an ultrasonic transmitting transducer and an ultrasonic receiving transducer can be respectively placed at the bottoms of two acoustic pipes BB ', CC' combined into a detection section BCC 'B', water is filled in the acoustic pipes, the ultrasonic transmitting transducer and the ultrasonic receiving transducer are simultaneously lifted to the position with the depth of h1, then ultrasonic signals are transmitted through the ultrasonic transmitting transducer, the ultrasonic receiving transducer receives the ultrasonic signals transmitted by foundation pile concrete at the depth of h1, and then the ultrasonic signals on an acoustic line QP positioned at the depth of h1 on the detection section BCC 'B' can be collected; by simultaneously pulling up the ultrasonic transmitting transducer and the ultrasonic receiving transducer to a depth h2, an ultrasonic signal on the acoustic line ST at the depth h2 on the detection section BCC 'B' can be acquired.
The data acquisition processing system comprises an analog-to-digital converter A/D module, a digital-to-analog converter D/A module, a processor, a memory, an analog signal amplifier, a network module, a water injection device, a traction device and the like. The data acquisition and processing system can control the water injection device to inject water into the corresponding sound tube; the data acquisition and processing system can control the traction device to pull the ultrasonic transmitting transducer and the ultrasonic receiving transducer so that the ultrasonic transmitting transducer and the ultrasonic receiving transducer can synchronously move upwards in the sounding pipe. The traction device comprises a driving module, a winding wheel and a traction wire, one end of the traction wire is connected with an ultrasonic transducer, one end of the traction wire is connected with the winding wheel, the driving module drives the winding wheel to rotate to pull the traction wire, and the ultrasonic transducer comprises an ultrasonic transmitting transducer and an ultrasonic receiving transducer.
Referring to fig. 3, the method for ultrasonic detection and interpretation of foundation piles based on multiple acoustic parameters comprises the following steps:
step 1: embedding a plurality of mutually parallel sounding pipes in the foundation pile, wherein any two sounding pipes can be combined into a detection section, and the number of the detection sections can be determined through the combination of different sounding pipes; respectively placing an ultrasonic transmitting transducer and an ultrasonic receiving transducer at the bottoms of two acoustic pipes combined into a detection section, and filling water into the two acoustic pipes through a water injection device to serve as a coupling medium;
step 2: the ultrasonic transmitting transducer and the ultrasonic receiving transducer are pulled by the traction device so that the ultrasonic transmitting transducer and the ultrasonic receiving transducer can synchronously move upwards in the sound tube, and the depths of the ultrasonic transmitting transducer and the ultrasonic receiving transducer are always consistent in the moving process; using ultrasonic wave transmitting transducers to transmit ultrasonic wave signals at a plurality of preset depths, after receiving ultrasonic wave signals transmitted by foundation pile concrete at corresponding depths, converting the transmitted ultrasonic wave signals into analog electric signals, and then transmitting the analog electric signals to a data acquisition processing system, wherein the data acquisition processing system can acquire ultrasonic wave signals of different acoustic lines positioned at different preset depths on a detection section, and the number of the acoustic lines used for detection on the detection section can be set according to actual requirements;
step 3: an analog signal amplifier in the data acquisition and processing system amplifies the analog electric signal and converts the amplified analog electric signal into a digital signal through an analog-to-digital converter in the data acquisition and processing system;
step 4: the data acquisition processing system analyzes and processes the digital signals to extract the wave speed, the wave amplitude and the main frequency parameters of each acoustic measuring line;
step 5: and the data acquisition processing system calculates and obtains an integrity evaluation index of each acoustic line according to the wave speed, the wave amplitude and the dominant frequency parameters of each acoustic line, and judges whether the position of each acoustic line has defects according to the integrity evaluation index.
Further, in the step 4, the digital signal is analyzed and processed to extract the wave speed, the wave amplitude and the dominant frequency parameters of each acoustic line, specifically: and extracting the wave speed, the wave amplitude and the dominant frequency parameters of each acoustic line by using a Fourier transform algorithm.
Further, the step 5: according to the wave speed, the wave amplitude and the dominant frequency parameters of each acoustic line, calculating to obtain an integrity evaluation index of each acoustic line, and judging whether defects exist at the position of each acoustic line according to the integrity evaluation index, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 5.1: according to the actual requirement, M detection sections are arranged on the foundation pile, N sound measuring lines are arranged on each detection section, and the integrity evaluation index K of the sound measuring lines is calculated by using the following algorithm (i,j) ：
= />(1)
= />(2)
= />(3)
,j=[1,M] (4)
Wherein j-refers to the jth section, the value range is a positive integer from 1 to M, i-refers to the ith acoustic line in a certain section, V (i,j) -j detecting the wave velocity of the ith acoustic line of the profile; f (F) (i,j) -j detecting the dominant frequency of the ith acoustic line of the profile; a is that (i,j) -j detecting the amplitude of the ith line of sound of the profile; v (V) ’ (i,j) -j detecting the wave velocity of the ith line of sound of the profile and the maximum wave velocity max (V (i,j) ) Is a ratio of (2); f (F) ’ (i,j) -j detecting the dominant frequency of the i-th line of sound of the profile and the maximum dominant frequency max (F (i,j) ) Is a ratio of (2); a is that ’ (i,j) -j detecting the amplitude of the ith line of sound of the profile and the maximum amplitude max (A (i,j) ) Is a ratio of (2); m-probability guarantee coefficient;-detecting all V in profile for j (i,j) ·F (i,j) ·A (i,j) Standard deviation of values; k (K) (i,j) -an indicator of the integrity of the acoustic line.
Step 5.2: if K (i,j) 1 or more, the sound test line is complete; k (K) (i,j) < 1, indicating that the acoustic line has defects; k of acoustic line (i,j) The lower the defect level is, the greater the defect level is at the position of the sound line.
The formula (4) is multi-parameter probability statistical analysis type, the algorithm utilizes probability statistics, according to the normal distribution principle, the actual measurement value distribution of the sound parameters of the defective concrete is mainly concentrated in an abnormal value interval and is smaller than a statistical critical value, and the ratio of the normal concrete to the concrete statistical critical value is larger than or equal to 1 and smaller than 1 to judge the abnormal value.
Further, the integrity evaluation index K of the acoustic line (i,j) The defect degree of the foundation pile position where the sound measuring line is positioned can be further judged, when K is more than or equal to 1.0 (i,j) Less than 1.35, the position of the sound measuring line is complete; when acoustic line integrity evaluation index K (i,j) When the number is more than or equal to 1.35, K is caused by the first broadcast interpretation error except the individual point (i,j) And (3) dispersing. When K is more than or equal to 0.85 (i,j) When the wave velocity is less than 1.0, the ultrasonic signals on the sound measuring line are all wave velocity and the wave amplitude is obviously abnormal, namely the position of the sound measuring line has obvious defects. When K is (i,j) When the wave velocity is less than 0.85, the ultrasonic signals on the sound measuring line are all wave velocity, the wave amplitude is seriously abnormal, the waveform is obviously distorted, namely, the position of the sound measuring line has serious defects.
Further, the foundation pile ultrasonic detection and interpretation method based on the multiple acoustic parameters further comprises the following steps: step 6: setting a three-dimensional vector identifier (g, j, i) to distinguish each sound line, wherein the three-dimensional vector identifier (g, j, i) represents an ith sound line on a jth section on a foundation pile with the number g; establishing a result storage system in the data acquisition and processing system; in the result storage system, creating a corresponding record for each acoustic line and associating with its corresponding three-dimensional vector identifier (g, j, i); the record comprises three-dimensional vector identification (g, j, i), wave speed, wave amplitude, dominant frequency and integrity evaluation indexes of the sound line.
An identification module can be arranged on each sound line, the identification module is used for storing the three-dimensional vector identification (g, j, i) of the sound line, and the data acquisition processing system can read the three-dimensional vector identification (g, j, i) of the sound line stored on the identification module at the same time when receiving the ultrasonic signal on the sound line. In addition, any other method may be used to obtain the three-dimensional vector identifier of the acoustic line, which is not limited in this application.
Referring to fig. 4, to remotely monitor a plurality of foundation piles, each foundation pile is connected to a data acquisition and processing system, which can upload a record of the stored sound line to a cloud server in real time. The cloud server can receive, store and process the collected foundation pile data, such as records of sound measuring lines, and generate a detection report of each foundation pile; the cloud server has the capability of data processing and analysis, and is communicated with the data acquisition processor system through a network, so that the functions of remote supervision and management are realized. The cloud server can also classify the records of the sound line according to the integrity evaluation index, for example, the records can be classified into normal records, obvious defects and serious defects, so that the records can be conveniently checked by a client.
The client may connect to the cloud server over a network for remote access and supervision of the foundation piles. The client terminal can be a computer, a smart phone, a tablet personal computer and other devices, and can view the conditions of a plurality of foundation piles through special software application programs or web page interfaces, such as detection reports of each foundation pile, records of sounding lines on different foundation piles and the like.
The data acquisition and processing system can detect the foundation piles periodically or in real time, or the client can also send foundation pile detection commands to all or selected data acquisition and processing systems through the cloud server so as to trigger the data acquisition and processing systems to detect foundation piles connected with the foundation piles.
Furthermore, each foundation pile is provided with a corresponding management number, and when the foundation pile has a defect, a project responsible person needs to be timely notified to re-pour or repair the defect position. The method can be realized by the following steps: the client can set the management number of each foundation pile and the contact mode of the corresponding project responsible person through the cloud server, when detecting that the position of the sound line on a foundation pile is defective, the cloud server sends an alarm notice to the corresponding project responsible person, wherein the alarm notice can be sent through a short message and/or a mail and comprises the management number and the detection report of the foundation pile with the defect and the record of the sound line on the foundation pile with the defect.
Furthermore, the manager can set the access authority of the cloud server, and only the authorized personnel can view and modify the data; the cloud server can also record operation logs and audit logs, access and modification operations on data are recorded, and traceability and safety of the data are ensured.
Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the application, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. The foundation pile ultrasonic detection method based on the multiple acoustic parameters is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: embedding a plurality of mutually parallel sounding pipes in a foundation pile, combining any two sounding pipes into a detection section, and determining the number of the detection sections through the combination of different sounding pipes; respectively placing an ultrasonic transmitting transducer and an ultrasonic receiving transducer at the bottoms of two acoustic pipes combined into a detection section, and filling water into the two acoustic pipes through a water injection device to serve as a coupling medium;
step 2: the ultrasonic transmitting transducer and the ultrasonic receiving transducer are pulled by the traction device so that the ultrasonic transmitting transducer and the ultrasonic receiving transducer can synchronously move upwards in the sounding pipe, and the depths of the ultrasonic transmitting transducer and the ultrasonic receiving transducer are always consistent in the moving process; using ultrasonic wave transmitting transducers to transmit ultrasonic wave signals at a plurality of preset depths, after receiving ultrasonic wave signals transmitted by foundation pile concrete at corresponding depths, converting the transmitted ultrasonic wave signals into analog electric signals, and then transmitting the analog electric signals to a data acquisition processing system, wherein the data acquisition processing system acquires ultrasonic wave signals of different acoustic lines positioned at different preset depths on a detection section, and the number of the acoustic lines used for detection on the detection section can be set according to actual requirements;
step 3: an analog signal amplifier in the data acquisition and processing system amplifies the analog electric signal and converts the amplified analog electric signal into a digital signal through an analog-to-digital converter in the data acquisition and processing system;
step 4: the data acquisition processing system analyzes and processes the digital signals to extract the wave speed, the wave amplitude and the main frequency parameters of each acoustic measuring line;
step 5: the data acquisition processing system calculates and obtains an integrity evaluation index of each acoustic line according to the wave speed, the wave amplitude and the dominant frequency parameters of each acoustic line, and judges whether the position of each acoustic line has defects according to the integrity evaluation index;
in the step 4, the digital signal is analyzed and processed to extract the wave speed, the wave amplitude and the dominant frequency parameters of each acoustic line, which specifically include: extracting the wave speed, the wave amplitude and the dominant frequency parameters of each acoustic line by using a Fourier transform algorithm;
the step 5: according to the wave speed, the wave amplitude and the dominant frequency parameters of each acoustic line, calculating to obtain an integrity evaluation index of each acoustic line, and judging whether defects exist at the position of each acoustic line according to the integrity evaluation index, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 5.1: according to the actual requirement, M detection sections are arranged on the foundation pile, N sound measuring lines are arranged on each detection section, and the integrity evaluation index K of the sound measuring lines is calculated by using the following algorithm (i,j) ：
；
；
；
；
In the formulas (1) - (4), j-refers to the j-th detection section, the value range is a positive integer from 1 to M, i-refers to the i-th acoustic line in a certain detection section, V (i,j) -the j-th detection profile the wave velocity of the i-th acoustic line; f (F) (i,j) -the dominant frequency of the ith acoustic line of the jth detection profile; a is that (i,j) -the j-th detection profile the amplitude of the i-th acoustic line; v'. (i,j) -the j-th detection profile the wave velocity of the i-th acoustic line and the maximum wave velocity max (V (i,j) ) Is a ratio of (2); f'. (i,j) -the principal frequency of the ith line of sound of the jth detection profile and the maximum principal frequency max (F (i,j) ) Is a ratio of (2); a's' (i,j) The j-th detection profile the amplitude of the i-th acoustic line and the maximum amplitude max (A (i,j) ) Is a ratio of (2); m-generalA rate assurance coefficient; sigma (sigma) (i，j) All V in the j-th detection section (i,j) ·F (i,j) ·A (i,j) Standard deviation of values; k (K) (i,j) -an integrity evaluation index of the acoustic line;
step 5.2: if K (i,j) 1 or more, the sound test line is complete; k (K) (i,j) < 1, indicating that the acoustic line has defects; k of acoustic line (i,j) The lower the defect level is, the greater the defect level is at the position of the sound line.
2. The ultrasonic foundation pile detection method based on multiple acoustic parameters according to claim 1, further comprising: step 6: setting a three-dimensional vector identifier (g, j, i) to distinguish each sound line, wherein the three-dimensional vector identifier (g, j, i) represents an ith sound line on a jth detection section on a foundation pile with the number g; establishing a result storage system in the data acquisition and processing system; in the result storage system, creating a corresponding record for each acoustic line and associating with its corresponding three-dimensional vector identifier (g, j, i); the record comprises three-dimensional vector identification (g, j, i), wave speed, wave amplitude, dominant frequency and integrity evaluation indexes of the sound line.
3. The ultrasonic foundation pile detection method based on multiple acoustic parameters according to claim 2, wherein the number of foundation piles is multiple, each foundation pile is connected with a data acquisition and processing system, and the data acquisition and processing system uploads the stored record of the acoustic line to a cloud server in real time; the cloud server receives the record of the sound line and generates a detection report of each foundation pile; the client is connected to the cloud server through a network, and views the detection reports and the records of the sound lines of the foundation piles through a special software application program or a webpage interface.
4. A foundation pile ultrasonic detection method based on multiple acoustic parameters according to claim 3, wherein the data acquisition processing system periodically detects foundation piles, or the client sends foundation pile detection commands to all or selected data acquisition processing systems through the cloud server to trigger the data acquisition processing system to detect foundation piles connected with the data acquisition processing system.
5. The ultrasonic foundation pile detection method based on multiple acoustic parameters according to claim 4, wherein the client sets the management number of each foundation pile and the contact way of corresponding project responsible persons through the cloud server, and when detecting that the position of the sound line on a foundation pile is defective, the cloud server sends an alarm notice to the corresponding project responsible person, wherein the alarm notice is sent through a short message and/or a mail, and the alarm notice comprises the management number and the detection report of the foundation pile with the defect and the record of the sound line on the foundation pile with the defect detected.
6. The ultrasonic foundation pile detection method based on multiple acoustic parameters according to claim 3, wherein the manager sets access rights of the cloud server, and only authorized personnel can view and modify the data; the cloud server records an operation log and an audit log, records access and modification operations on data, and ensures traceability and safety of the data.
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