CN116642727B - Layered sampling device and sampling method for soil detection - Google Patents
Layered sampling device and sampling method for soil detection Download PDFInfo
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- CN116642727B CN116642727B CN202310677084.1A CN202310677084A CN116642727B CN 116642727 B CN116642727 B CN 116642727B CN 202310677084 A CN202310677084 A CN 202310677084A CN 116642727 B CN116642727 B CN 116642727B
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 196
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 127
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005527 soil sampling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
- G01N1/08—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
- G01C9/18—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels by using liquids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
- G01C9/18—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels by using liquids
- G01C2009/182—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels by using liquids conductive
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Abstract
The utility model provides a soil detects and uses layered sampling device and sampling method, soil detects and uses layered sampling device includes supporting mechanism, a housing, sampling mechanism, detection mechanism, a controller, supporting mechanism is articulated with the shell, sampling mechanism and shell fastening connection, sampling mechanism is located inside the shell, detection mechanism installs on the outside top of shell, controller and shell fastening connection, detection mechanism is connected with the controller electricity, be provided with guide rail and working chamber in the shell, sampling mechanism includes the electric jar, a support, the sliding plate, the sampling tube, the air exhauster, the exhaust tube, the electric jar is located in the working chamber, the output and the support transmission of electric jar are connected, sliding plate and support fastening connection, sliding plate and guide rail sliding connection, sliding plate and sampling tube fastening connection, the exhaust exhauster and shell fastening connection, the exhaust opening and the exhaust tube intercommunication of exhaust exhauster, the sampling tube communicates with the exhaust tube, the sampling method is: positioning a sampling point; fixing the device; self-leveling the device; and (5) drilling soil and sampling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil sampling, in particular to a layered sampling device and a sampling method for soil detection.
Background
Soil detection is the basis of soil science research, can provide scientific theoretical guidance for crop growth, and along with the continuous improvement of agricultural mechanization level, higher requirements are put forward for soil detection, and more research is carried out on soil detection equipment at home and abroad, but the research of soil detection sampling devices is less, and at present, the requirement on soil detection in agricultural production in China is greater and greater, so that the requirement on the soil sampling devices is also greater and greater.
But at present, china generally carries out stratified sampling manually in a soil sampling mode, the time consumption is long, the efficiency is low, the quality is poor, the fixing effect of the device is poor in the process of carrying out soil sampling by the existing stratified sampling device, automatic leveling cannot be carried out, in the sampling process, the soil gives a reaction force to the sampling tube, the sampling device is easy to deviate, the transverse acting force received by the sampling tube positioned in the soil is large, the sampling tube is easy to bend, the sampling effect of the device is affected, the sampling tube is damaged, unnecessary economic loss is generated, and the consistency of the sampling quantity of each layer cannot be ensured in the stratified sampling.
Therefore, there is a need to develop a soil stratified sampling device that is simple in sampling operation, time-saving and labor-saving, has high sampling efficiency, and can be automatically leveled and stably supported.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a stratified sampling device and a stratified sampling method for soil detection, which are used for solving the problems in the background technology.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a soil detection is with layering sampling device, which comprises a supporting mechanism, a housing, sampling mechanism, detection mechanism, a controller, supporting mechanism is articulated with the shell, sampling mechanism and shell fastening connection, sampling mechanism is located inside the shell, detection mechanism installs on the outside top of shell, controller and shell fastening connection, detection mechanism is connected with the controller electricity, be provided with guide rail and working chamber in the shell, sampling mechanism includes the electric jar, a support, the sliding plate, the sampling tube, the air exhauster, the exhaust tube, the electric jar is located the working chamber with shell fastening connection, the output and the support transmission of electric jar are connected, sliding plate and support fastening connection, sliding plate and guide rail sliding connection, sliding plate and sampling tube fastening connection, air exhauster and shell fastening connection, the exhaust opening and the exhaust tube intercommunication of air exhauster, the sampling tube communicates with the exhaust tube.
The shell is the installation basis of each mechanism, supporting mechanism inserts in the soil fixedly, be used for providing stable work platform for sampling device, sampling mechanism is used for gathering soil, detection mechanism can measuring device slope, the action of each mechanism is controlled to the controller, the electric jar is the power supply of sampling mechanism, the electric jar action promotes the support and moves down, thereby promote the sliding plate along the guide rail downstream, and then drive the sampling tube with the sliding plate rigid coupling downstream, make the sampling tube bore into soil and take a sample, the guide rail can ensure that the direction of motion can not take place the skew, avoid sampling tube atress to warp, produce unnecessary economic loss, the air exhauster is installed on the shell, communicate with the sampling tube through the exhaust tube, the air exhauster starts, air discharge in the sampling tube through the exhaust tube, make the air pressure in the sampling tube just reduce, certain negative pressure has been produced, thereby provide power for sucking soil.
Further, detection mechanism includes detection box and detection stick, and detection box holds and has electrically conductive solution, detects stick and detection box fastening connection, and the detection stick inserts in electrically conductive solution, and the detection stick is connected with the controller electricity, and the detection stick includes first conductor bar, second conductor bar, third conductor bar.
The detection box is made of insulating materials, leakage is prevented, the detection rods are connected with the controller, the detection rods are parallel to each other and are equal in distance, when the sampling device is in a horizontal state, the depth of the detection rods inserted into the conductive liquid is the same, when the controller adds voltage with equal amplitude between the two detection rods, ionic current is formed between the detection rods, liquid between the first conductive rod and the second conductive rod is equal to a resistor R1, liquid between the second conductive rod and the third conductive rod is equal to a resistor R2, when the device is in a horizontal state, resistance values of the resistors R1 and R2 are equal, when the device is inclined, the conductive liquid between the detection rods is unequal, the depth of the detection rods immersed into the conductive solution is also changed, but the immersion depth of the second conductive rod in the middle is basically unchanged, the immersion depth of the first conductive rod is small, the conductive liquid between the first conductive rod and the second conductive rod is reduced, the number of conductive ions is reduced, the resistor R1 is increased, the conductive liquid between the second conductive rod and the third conductive rod is increased, the number of conductive ions is reduced, the resistor R2 is enabled to be larger than the resistor R2, and if the inclination direction of the device is controlled to be smaller than the resistor R2, and the inclination direction of the device can be controlled to be adjusted.
Further, supporting mechanism includes the dead lever, spring out device and electric putter, the dead lever is articulated with the shell, spring out device and dead lever fastening connection, spring out the one end that the device is located the dead lever and insert soil, electric putter and dead lever fastening connection, electric putter is connected with the controller electricity, spring out the device and including rotating the motor, the carousel, rotor and casing, casing and dead lever fastening connection are equipped with the opening on the casing, rotate the motor and be connected with casing fastening, the carousel is connected with rotation motor drive, carousel and rotor pass through tooth meshing, rotor and casing rotate and are connected.
The dead lever articulates in the shell both sides, consequently, the dead lever can be followed articulated department and packed up, the volume during transportation can be reduced, be convenient for transport, and can adjust the angle of inserting soil, guarantee stability, electric putter can be under the control of controller automatic flexible, carry out the leveling, the contact area with soil can be increased to the bullet device, make the whole more firm of device, the reaction force that produces when sampling tube inserts the soil when can offset the sample, ensure the stability of sample, rotating motor provides power for the bullet device, after the dead lever inserts the soil, rotating motor starts, thereby drive the carousel and rotate, and then drive the rotor of meshing with it rotates, the rotor rotates through the opening on the casing and cuts into in the soil, thereby increase the area of contact with the soil, increase and the frictional force of soil, the reaction force that produces when can offset the sample, stability when improving the sample, the rotor adopts gradually thin design, more cut into the soil, raise the efficiency, the rotor is reversed, the rotor withdraws from the soil after the sample is accomplished, the dead lever.
Further, a soil detection is with layering sampling device still includes the stabilizer, and the stabilizer includes flexible section of thick bamboo, connecting rod, first spring and base, flexible section of thick bamboo and shell fastening connection, connecting rod and flexible section of thick bamboo sliding connection, and the connecting rod is located flexible section of thick bamboo, fixedly connected with first spring between flexible section of thick bamboo and the base, and first spring cover is established on the connecting rod that corresponds, base and connecting rod fastening connection.
After sampling device places subaerial, the stabilizer is used for reducing sampling device's rocking, under sampling device self gravity's effect, and first spring pressurized contracts, and the connecting rod upwards slides along the telescopic cylinder, can cushion sampling device and place subaerial impact force that receives, and the base can increase sampling device and subaerial area of contact for the device is more steady when taking a sample, guarantees the accuracy of taking a sample.
Further, sampling mechanism still includes deflector, deflector and shell fastening connection, and the deflector is located the one end of keeping away from the sliding plate in the working chamber, sampling tube and deflector sliding connection, and the sampling tube includes body, sampling head, air duct and layering sampler, and body and sliding plate transmission are connected, and sampling head and body fastening connection, sampling head are located the body bottom, and the air duct communicates with the exhaust tube, and the air duct is located the body with body fastening connection, and the air duct is located the body, and layering sampler is provided with a plurality of along the vertical direction of air duct, layering sampler and body fastening connection.
When the sliding plate drives the sampling tube to move downwards under the pushing of the electric cylinder, the through hole is formed in the middle of the guide plate, the movement direction of the sampling tube can be guided, the sampling tube is prevented from deviating, the sampling quality is influenced, the sliding plate drives the tube body to move, the sampling head is conical, the ground breaking efficiency is guaranteed, the air duct is communicated with the exhaust tube, the tube body provides a mounting foundation for the air duct, after the sampling tube is inserted into soil, the exhaust fan is started, air in the air duct is sucked by the exhaust tube to form negative pressure, and the stratified sampling device communicated with the air duct can suck the soil for sampling.
Further, the layered sampler comprises a cylinder body, a dust screen and an electromagnetic valve, wherein the cylinder body is communicated with the pipe body, the dust screen is arranged in the cylinder body, the electromagnetic valve is fixedly connected with the cylinder body, and the electromagnetic valve is arranged at the communication position of the cylinder body and the air duct.
The cylinder is used for placing the collected soil, the dust screen prevents the soil from being sucked into the air duct to avoid blockage, the electromagnetic valve is used for controlling the connection and the closing of the cylinder and the air duct, the electromagnetic valve sequentially works, the cylinder and the air duct are communicated, and the soil is sucked into the cylinder.
Further, the layered sampler further comprises a friction plate, a flow blocking plate, a telescopic rod and a second spring, wherein a movable cavity is formed in the cylinder body, one end of the second spring is fixedly connected with the friction plate, the other end of the second spring is fixedly connected with the cylinder body, the friction plate and the second spring are located in the movable cavity, the telescopic rod is hinged with the friction plate, the flow blocking plate is rotatably connected with the cylinder body, the friction plate is in transmission connection with the flow blocking plate through the telescopic rod, and the flow blocking plate is located between the dust screen and the electromagnetic valve.
When the exhaust fan is started, soil is sucked into the cylinder, the soil passes through the friction plate when entering the cylinder, the soil and the friction plate move relatively, the friction plate is subjected to the friction force of the soil, the friction force pushes the friction plate to move, the friction plate moves to drive the telescopic rod hinged with the friction plate to move so as to drive the flow blocking plate to rotate, the flow blocking plate rotates to adjust the section size of the air passing channel, so that the suction force is automatically controlled, the second spring is used for resetting the friction plate, when the friction force of the soil to the friction plate is smaller, the loosening of the soil is indicated, the moving distance of the friction plate is shorter, the larger the air passing channel opened by the flow blocking plate is, the suction force is larger, and the loosening soil is easier to suck; when the friction force of the soil to the friction plate is large, the soil is more compact, the distance that the friction plate moves is further, the smaller the air passage opened by the flow blocking plate is, the smaller the suction force is, so that the sucked compact soil amount is ensured to be consistent with the loose soil amount, and the sampling accuracy is ensured.
The sampling method comprises the following steps:
1) Positioning a sampling point: conveying the sampling device to a place needing to be sampled, and inserting a fixed rod into soil for positioning;
2) And (3) fixing the device: the driving motor is started to drive the turntable to rotate, so that the rotating piece is driven to cut into soil, and the sampling device is fixed at a sampling point;
3) And (3) self-leveling of the device: the controller analyzes the resistance between the detection bars to judge the inclination angle of the sampling device, controls the electric push rod to stretch and retract, and automatically levels the sampling device;
4) Sampling drilling soil: the support is pushed to move downwards through the electric cylinder, the sliding plate is driven to move downwards along the guide rail, the sampling tube moves downwards to be inserted into soil to a specified depth, then the exhaust fan is started, the soil is sucked into the cylinder body to sample, the electric cylinder is used for pulling out the sampling tube from the soil, the soil sucked into the cylinder body is taken out, and the sampling is completed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the invention, the sampling tube is pushed by the electric cylinder to sample, the automation degree is high, a large amount of manpower and material resources are saved, the rotating sheet in the spring-open device is cut into the soil, so that the contact area with the soil is increased, the whole device is firmer, the depth of cut into the soil can be adjusted according to the requirement, the whole device is compensated by the dead weight of the soil layer, the device is prevented from being lighter in weight, the device is jacked up by the reverse acting force of the sampling tube inserted into the soil layer during sampling, the reaction force generated when the sampling tube is inserted into the soil layer can be counteracted, the sampling stability is ensured, the change of the depth of the detection rod immersed into the conductive solution can be influenced, the resistance value between the detection rods can be influenced, the change of the resistance between the detection rods is read through the controller to judge the inclination angle of the sampling device, the electric push rod is linked, the automatic leveling of the sampling device is realized, the phenomenon that the sampling device is deviated during sampling is avoided, the sampling is influenced, the sampling is simple in structure, the sampling is rapidly influenced, the sampling is rapidly realized, the sampling is ensured, the friction force of the soil is driven by the soil to move, and the friction plate is further driven to rotate, the baffle plate is used to adjust, the section size of the air passage is adjusted, the soil is automatically regulated, the soil is accordingly, the soil is greatly adjusted, the soil is ensured, and the quality of the soil is kept to be compact, and the quality is consistent.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic general construction of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of part A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the pop-up device;
FIG. 4 is a B-B cross-sectional view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a detection mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of a sampling tube according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of part C of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of part D of FIG. 6;
In the figure: 1-supporting mechanism, 11-dead lever, 12-pop-up device, 13-electric putter, 121-rotating motor, 122-turntable, 123-rotating plate, 124-housing, 2-housing, 21-guide rail, 22-working chamber, 3-sampling mechanism, 31-electric cylinder, 32-bracket, 33-sliding plate, 34-sampling tube, 341-tube, 342-sampling head, 343-air duct, 344-layered sampler, 3441-cylinder, 3442-dust screen, 3443-electromagnetic valve, 3444-friction plate, 3445-baffle, 3446-telescopic rod, 3447-second spring, 34411-moving cavity, 35-exhaust fan, 36-guide plate, 37-exhaust tube, 4-detecting mechanism, 41-detecting box, 42-detecting rod, 421-first conductive rod, 422-second conductive rod, 423-third conductive rod, 5-controller, 6-stabilizer, 61-telescopic tube, 62-connecting rod, 63-first spring, 64-base.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention provides the technical scheme that:
As shown in fig. 1, a soil detection layered sampling device comprises a supporting mechanism 1, a housing 2, a sampling mechanism 3, a detection mechanism 4 and a controller 5, wherein the supporting mechanism 1 is hinged with the housing 2, the sampling mechanism 3 is fixedly connected with the housing 2, the sampling mechanism 3 is positioned in the housing 2, the detection mechanism 4 is installed at the top end outside the housing 2, the controller 5 is fixedly connected with the housing 2, the detection mechanism 4 is electrically connected with the controller 5, a guide rail 21 and a working chamber 22 are arranged in the housing 2, the sampling mechanism 3 comprises an electric cylinder 31, a support 32, a sliding plate 33, a sampling tube 34, an exhaust fan 35 and an exhaust tube 37, the electric cylinder 31 is fixedly connected with the housing 2, the electric cylinder 31 is positioned in the working chamber 22, the output end of the electric cylinder 31 is in transmission connection with the support 32, the sliding plate 33 is fixedly connected with the support 32, the sliding plate 33 is in sliding connection with the guide rail 21, the sliding plate 33 is fixedly connected with the sampling tube 34, the exhaust fan 35 is fixedly connected with the housing 2, an exhaust opening of the exhaust fan 35 is communicated with the exhaust tube 37, the sampling tube 34 is communicated with the exhaust tube 37, and the exhaust tube 34 is communicated with the exhaust tube 37.
The shell 2 is the installation basis of each mechanism, the supporting mechanism 2 is fixed in inserting soil, be used for providing stable work platform for sampling device, sampling mechanism 3 is used for gathering soil, detection mechanism 4 can measuring device slope, controller 5 is used for controlling the action of each mechanism, electric jar 31 is the power supply of sampling mechanism 3, electric jar 31 action promotes support 32 and moves down, thereby promote sliding plate 33 and follow guide rail 21 and move down, and then drive the sampling tube 34 with sliding plate 33 rigid coupling, make sampling tube 34 bore into soil and take a sample, guide rail 21 can ensure that the direction of motion can not take place the skew, avoid sampling tube 34 atress to warp, produce unnecessary economic loss, air exhauster 35 is installed on shell 2, communicate with sampling tube 34 through exhaust tube 37, air exhauster 35 starts the air discharge in the sampling tube 34 through exhaust tube 37, make the air pressure in the sampling tube 34 reduce, certain negative pressure has been produced, thereby provide power for sucking soil.
As shown in fig. 5, the detection mechanism 4 includes a detection case 41 and a detection rod 42, the detection case 41 accommodates a conductive solution, the detection rod 42 is fixedly connected with the detection case 41, the detection rod 42 is inserted into the conductive solution, the detection rod 42 is electrically connected with the controller 5, and the detection rod 42 includes a first conductive rod 421, a second conductive rod 422, and a third conductive rod 423.
The detection box 41 is made of insulating materials, electric leakage is prevented, the detection rods 42 are connected with the controller 5, the detection rods 42 are parallel to each other and have equal intervals, when the sampling device is in a horizontal state, the depth of the detection rods 42 inserted into conductive liquid is the same, when voltage with equal amplitude is applied between the two detection rods 42 by the controller 5, ion current is formed between the detection rods 42, liquid between the first conductive rod 421 and the second conductive rod 422 corresponds to a resistor R1, liquid between the second conductive rod 422 and the third conductive rod 423 corresponds to a resistor R2, resistance values of the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 are equal when the sampling device is in a horizontal state, when the sampling device is in an inclined state, conductive liquid between the detection rods 42 is not equal, the depth of the detection rods 42 immersed into the conductive liquid is also changed, but the immersion depth of the second conductive rod 422 in the middle is basically unchanged, the immersion depth of the first conductive rod 421 is small, the conductive liquid between the first conductive rod 421 and the second conductive rod 422 is reduced, the conductive ion number is reduced, the resistor R1 is increased, the number of conductive ions between the second conductive rod 421 and the third conductive rod 422 is increased, the number of conductive ions is increased, the resistor R2 is increased, and if the inclination direction of the resistor R2 between the second conductive rod 422 and the sampling device is controlled to be greatly reduced, and the direction of the resistor R2 is controlled to be greatly changed, and the direction is opposite to the direction is adjusted to the direction of the resistor R2.
As shown in fig. 1,3 and 4, the supporting mechanism 1 comprises a fixing rod 11, a spring opening device 12 and an electric push rod 13, the fixing rod 11 is hinged with the housing 2, the spring opening device 12 is in fastening connection with the fixing rod 11, the spring opening device 12 is located at one end of the fixing rod 11, which is inserted into soil, the electric push rod 13 is in fastening connection with the fixing rod 11, the electric push rod 13 is electrically connected with the controller 5, the spring opening device 12 comprises a rotating motor 121, a turntable 122, a rotating piece 123 and a shell 124, the shell 124 is in fastening connection with the fixing rod 11, an opening is formed in the shell 124, the rotating motor 121 is in fastening connection with the shell 124, the turntable 122 is in transmission connection with the rotating motor 121, the turntable 122 and the rotating piece 123 are meshed through teeth, and the rotating piece 123 is in rotating connection with the shell 124.
The dead lever 11 articulates in the shell 2 both sides, consequently dead lever 11 can follow articulated department and pack up, can reduce the volume when transporting, be convenient for transport, and can adjust the angle of inserting soil, guarantee stability, electric putter 13 can be under the control of controller 5 automatic flexible, carry out the leveling, the contact area with soil can be increased to the bullet device 12, make the whole more firm of device, reaction force that produces when can offset the sampling tube 34 when inserting the soil, ensure the stability of sample, rotating motor 121 provides power for bullet device 12, after dead lever 11 inserts the soil, rotating motor 121 starts, thereby drive carousel 122 rotation, and then drive the rotor 123 rotation rather than meshing, rotor 123 rotates and cut into soil through the opening on the casing 124, thereby increase the area of contact with the soil, increase the frictional force with the soil, reaction force that produces when can offset the sample, stability when improving the sample, rotor 123 adopts the design of gradually thining, more cut into the soil, improve efficiency, rotating motor 121 reverses after the sample is accomplished, rotor 123, dead lever 11 pulls out from the soil.
As shown in fig. 2, a layered sampling device for soil detection further includes a stabilizer 6, the stabilizer 6 includes a telescopic tube 61, a connecting rod 62, a first spring 63 and a base 64, the telescopic tube 61 is fixedly connected with the housing 2, the connecting rod 62 is slidably connected with the telescopic tube 61, the connecting rod 62 is located in the telescopic tube 61, the first spring 63 is fixedly connected between the telescopic tube 61 and the base 64, the first spring 63 is sleeved on the corresponding connecting rod 62, and the base 64 is fixedly connected with the connecting rod 62.
After sampling device places subaerial, stabilizer 6 is used for reducing sampling device's rocking, under sampling device self gravity's effect, and first spring 63 compression contracts, and connecting rod 62 upwards slides along telescopic tube 61, can cushion sampling device and place subaerial impact force that receives, and base 64 can increase sampling device and subaerial area of contact for the device is more steady when sampling, guarantees the accuracy of sampling.
As shown in fig. 1 and 6, the sampling mechanism 3 further includes a guide plate 36, the guide plate 36 is fixedly connected with the housing 2, the guide plate 36 is located at one end of the working chamber 22 far away from the sliding plate 33, the sampling tube 34 is slidably connected with the guide plate 36, the sampling tube 34 includes a tube body 341, a sampling head 342, an air duct 343 and a layered sampler 344, the tube body 341 is in transmission connection with the sliding plate 33, the sampling head 342 is fixedly connected with the tube body 341, the sampling head 342 is located at the bottom end of the tube body 341, the air duct 343 is communicated with the air exhaust tube 37, the air duct 343 is fixedly connected with the tube body 341, the air duct 343 is located in the tube body 341, the layered sampler 344 is provided with a plurality of layered samplers 344 along the vertical direction of the air duct 343, and the layered sampler 344 is fixedly connected with the tube body 341.
When the sliding plate 33 drives the sampling tube 34 to move downwards under the pushing of the electric cylinder 31, the middle of the guide plate 36 is provided with a through hole, the movement direction of the sampling tube 34 can be guided, the sampling tube 34 is prevented from being deviated, the sampling quality is influenced, the sliding plate 33 drives the tube 341 to move, the sampling head 342 is conical, the ground breaking efficiency is ensured, the air duct 343 is communicated with the air exhaust pipe 37, the tube 341 provides a mounting foundation for the air duct 343, after the sampling tube 34 is inserted into soil, after the air exhaust fan 35 is started, air in the air duct 343 is sucked by the air exhaust pipe 37 to form negative pressure, and the stratified sampling device 344 communicated with the air duct 343 can suck the soil for sampling.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the layered sampler 344 includes a cylinder 3441, a dust screen 3442, and an electromagnetic valve 3443, wherein the cylinder 3441 is communicated with the tube 341, the dust screen 3442 is disposed in the cylinder 3441, the electromagnetic valve 3443 is fixedly connected with the cylinder 3441, and the electromagnetic valve 3443 is disposed at a position where the cylinder 3441 is communicated with the air duct 343.
The cylinder 3441 is used for placing collected soil, the dust screen 3442 prevents the soil from being sucked into the air duct 343 to avoid blockage, the electromagnetic valve 3443 is used for controlling the connection and the closure of the cylinder 3441 and the air duct 343, the electromagnetic valve 3443 sequentially works, the cylinder 3441 and the air duct 343 are communicated, and the soil is sucked into the cylinder 3441.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the layered sampler 344 further includes a friction plate 3444, a flow blocking plate 3445, a telescopic rod 3446, and a second spring 3447, wherein a moving cavity 34411 is disposed in the cylinder 3441, one end of the second spring 3447 is fixedly connected with the friction plate 3444, the other end of the second spring 3447 is fixedly connected with the cylinder 3441, the friction plate 3444 and the second spring 3447 are located in the moving cavity 34411, the telescopic rod 3446 is hinged with the friction plate 3444, the flow blocking plate 3445 is rotatably connected with the cylinder 3441, the friction plate 3444 is in transmission connection with the flow blocking plate 3445 through the telescopic rod 3446, and the flow blocking plate 3445 is located between the dust screen 3442 and the electromagnetic valve 3443.
When the exhaust fan 35 is started, soil is sucked into the cylinder 3441, the soil passes through the friction plate 3444 when entering the cylinder 3441, the soil and the friction plate 3444 move relatively, the friction plate 3444 is subjected to the friction force of the soil, the friction force pushes the friction plate 3444 to move, the friction plate 3444 drives the telescopic rod 3446 hinged with the friction plate to move, and further drives the flow blocking plate 3445 to rotate, the flow blocking plate 3445 rotates to adjust the section size of the air passage, so that the suction force is automatically adjusted, the second spring 3447 is used for resetting the friction plate 3444, when the friction force of the soil to the friction plate 3444 is smaller, the fact that the soil is more loose is indicated, the moving distance of the friction plate 3444 is shorter, the larger the air passage opened by the flow blocking plate 3445 is, the suction force is larger, and the loose soil is easier to suck; when the friction force of the soil to the friction plate 3444 is large, the soil is more compact, the distance that the friction plate 3444 moves is further, the smaller the air passage opened by the flow blocking plate 3445 is, the smaller the suction force is, and therefore the sucked compact soil amount is ensured to be consistent with the loose soil amount, and the sampling accuracy is ensured.
The sampling method comprises the following steps:
1) Positioning a sampling point: transporting the sampling device to a place needing sampling, and inserting the fixing rod 11 into soil for positioning;
2) And (3) fixing the device: the driving motor 121 is started to drive the turntable 122 to rotate, so that the rotating plate 123 is driven to cut into soil, and the sampling device is fixed at a sampling point;
3) And (3) self-leveling of the device: the controller 5 analyzes the resistance between the detecting rods 42 to judge the inclination angle of the sampling device, controls the electric push rod 13 to stretch and retract, and automatically levels the sampling device;
4) Sampling drilling soil: the bracket 32 is pushed to move downwards by the electric cylinder 31, the sliding plate 33 is driven to move downwards along the guide rail 21, the sampling tube 34 is enabled to move downwards to be inserted into soil for a designated depth, then the exhaust fan 35 is started to suck the soil into the cylinder 3441 for sampling, then the electric cylinder 31 pulls out the sampling tube 34 from the soil, the soil sucked into the cylinder 3441 is taken out, and the sampling is completed.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: firstly, the sampling device is placed at a place where sampling is needed, the stabilizer 6 buffers and places impact force, then the fixed rod 11 is inserted into soil for fixing, then the driving motor 121 starts to drive the rotary table 122 to rotate, thereby driving the rotary table 123 to cut into the soil, stability is ensured, the controller 5 analyzes resistance between the detection rods 42 to judge the inclination angle of the sampling device, and controls the electric push rod 13 to stretch and retract, the sampling device is automatically leveled, after the sampling device is fixed in place, the electric cylinder 31 pushes the bracket 32 to move downwards, the sliding plate 33 is driven by the bracket 32 to move downwards along the guide rail 21, the sampling tube 34 fixedly connected with the sliding plate 33 is driven to move downwards to be inserted into soil for a specified depth by further driving the air exhauster 35, air in the sampling tube 34 is pumped out by the air exhauster 37, so that air pressure in the air duct 343 is reduced, negative pressure is generated, the electromagnetic valve 3443 is opened, the cylinder 3441 and the air duct 343 are communicated, the soil is sucked into the cylinder 3441 to realize sampling, and the friction force of the friction plate 3444 drives the baffle 3445 to rotate, the size of the automatic control suction force is realized, after the sampling is completed, the sampling tube 35 is closed, the air exhauster 35 is driven to move the sliding plate 33 downwards along the guide rail 21, the soil is fixedly connected with the soil, the soil is sucked into the soil, and the soil, the soil is sucked out, and the soil is sucked from the soil.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a soil detection is with layering sampling device which characterized in that: the stratified sampling device for soil detection comprises a supporting mechanism (1), a shell (2), a sampling mechanism (3), a detection mechanism (4) and a controller (5), wherein the supporting mechanism (1) is hinged with the shell (2), the sampling mechanism (3) is fixedly connected with the shell (2), the sampling mechanism (3) is positioned in the shell (2), the detection mechanism (4) is arranged at the top end outside the shell (2), the controller (5) is fixedly connected with the shell (2), the detection mechanism (4) is electrically connected with the controller (5), a guide rail (21) and a working chamber (22) are arranged in the shell (2), the sampling mechanism (3) comprises an electric cylinder (31), a support (32), a sliding plate (33), a sampling tube (34), an exhaust fan (35) and an exhaust tube (37), the electric cylinder (31) is fixedly connected with the shell (2), the electric cylinder (31) is positioned in a working chamber (22), the output end of the electric cylinder (31) is in transmission connection with the support (32), the sliding plate (33) is fixedly connected with the sliding plate (33), the sliding plate (33) is fixedly connected with the guide rail (33) and the sliding plate (33), the exhaust fan (35) is fixedly connected with the shell (2), an exhaust opening of the exhaust fan (35) is communicated with the exhaust pipe (37), the sampling pipe (34) is communicated with the exhaust pipe (37), and the sampling pipe (34) is communicated with the exhaust pipe (37);
the detection mechanism (4) comprises a detection box (41) and a detection rod (42), wherein a conductive solution is contained in the detection box (41), the detection rod (42) is fixedly connected with the detection box (41), the detection rod (42) is inserted into the conductive solution, the detection rod (42) is electrically connected with the controller (5), and the detection rod (42) comprises a first conductive rod (421), a second conductive rod (422) and a third conductive rod (423);
The sampling mechanism (3) further comprises a guide plate (36), the guide plate (36) is fixedly connected with the shell (2), the guide plate (36) is located at one end, far away from the sliding plate (33), of the working chamber (22), the sampling tube (34) is slidably connected with the guide plate (36), the sampling tube (34) comprises a tube body (341), a sampling head (342), an air duct (343) and a layered sampler (344), the tube body (341) is in transmission connection with the sliding plate (33), the sampling head (342) is fixedly connected with the tube body (341), the sampling head (342) is located at the bottom end of the tube body (341), the air duct (343) is communicated with the air extraction tube (37), the air duct (343) is fixedly connected with the tube body (341), the layered sampler (344) is provided with a plurality of layered samplers along the vertical direction of the air duct (343), and the layered sampler (344) is fixedly connected with the tube body (341).
The layered sampler (344) comprises a cylinder (3441), a dust screen (3442) and an electromagnetic valve (3443), wherein the cylinder (3441) is communicated with the pipe body (341), the dust screen (3442) is arranged in the cylinder (3441), the electromagnetic valve (3443) is fixedly connected with the cylinder (3441), and the electromagnetic valve (3443) is arranged at the communication position of the cylinder (3441) and the air duct (343);
The layering sampler (344) comprises a friction plate (3444), a flow blocking plate (3445), a telescopic rod (3446) and a second spring (3447), wherein a moving cavity (34411) is formed in the cylinder (3441), one end of the second spring (3447) is fixedly connected with the friction plate (3444), the other end of the second spring (3447) is fixedly connected with the cylinder (3441), the friction plate (3444) and the second spring (3447) are located in the moving cavity (34411), the telescopic rod (3446) is hinged to the friction plate (3444), the flow blocking plate (3445) is in rotary connection with the cylinder (3441), the friction plate (3444) is in transmission connection with the flow blocking plate (3445) through the telescopic rod (3446), and the flow blocking plate (3445) is located between a dustproof net (3442) and an electromagnetic valve (3443).
2. The stratified sampling device for soil detection as claimed in claim 1, wherein: supporting mechanism (1) is including dead lever (11), bullet open device (12) and electric putter (13), dead lever (11) are articulated with shell (2), bullet open device (12) and dead lever (11) fastening connection, bullet open device (12) are located the one end that dead lever (11) inserted soil, electric putter (13) and dead lever (11) fastening connection, electric putter (13) are connected with controller (5) electricity, bullet open device (12) are including rotating motor (121), carousel (122), rotor (123) and casing (124), casing (124) and dead lever (11) fastening connection, be equipped with the opening on casing (124), rotating motor (121) and casing (124) fastening connection, carousel (122) are connected with rotating motor (121) transmission, carousel (122) and rotor (123) are through tooth meshing, rotor (123) are rotated with casing (124) and are connected.
3. A stratified sampling device for soil detection as claimed in claim 2 wherein: the utility model provides a soil detection is with layering sampling device still includes stabilizer (6), stabilizer (6) are including flexible section of thick bamboo (61), connecting rod (62), first spring (63) and base (64), flexible section of thick bamboo (61) and shell (2) fastening connection, connecting rod (62) and flexible section of thick bamboo (61) sliding connection, connecting rod (62) are located flexible section of thick bamboo (61), fixedly connected with first spring (63) between flexible section of thick bamboo (61) and base (64), first spring (63) cover is established on connecting rod (62) that correspond, base (64) and connecting rod (62) fastening connection.
4. A sampling method of a stratified sampling device for soil detection as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the sampling method comprises the following steps:
1) Positioning a sampling point;
2) Fixing the device;
3) Self-leveling the device;
4) And (5) drilling soil and sampling.
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| CN114689369A (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2022-07-01 | 深圳市清华环科检测技术有限公司 | Soil sampling detection device and detection method for environment detection |
| CN217845678U (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2022-11-18 | 江苏春越低碳研究有限公司 | Sampling device with layering function for soil remediation |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN208187810U (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-12-04 | 环境保护部环境规划院 | A kind of soil pollution sampling monitoring device |
| CN209783948U (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-12-13 | 河南省水利勘测有限公司 | automatic sampling device for soil remediation |
| CN215262550U (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2021-12-21 | 高素青 | Layered sampling device for soil detection |
| CN114397137A (en) * | 2022-02-14 | 2022-04-26 | 云南瀚哲科技有限公司 | Multi-layer collection device and collection method for cultivated land soil samples |
| CN114689369A (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2022-07-01 | 深圳市清华环科检测技术有限公司 | Soil sampling detection device and detection method for environment detection |
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