CN116642077A - Pipeline inner superstructure of making an uproar falls in damping - Google Patents
Pipeline inner superstructure of making an uproar falls in damping Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116642077A CN116642077A CN202310448725.6A CN202310448725A CN116642077A CN 116642077 A CN116642077 A CN 116642077A CN 202310448725 A CN202310448725 A CN 202310448725A CN 116642077 A CN116642077 A CN 116642077A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- pipeline
- layer
- wall
- vibration
- outer ring
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003190 viscoelastic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
- F16L55/04—Devices damping pulsations or vibrations in fluids
- F16L55/045—Devices damping pulsations or vibrations in fluids specially adapted to prevent or minimise the effects of water hammer
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
- F16L55/02—Energy absorbers; Noise absorbers
- F16L55/033—Noise absorbers
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a vibration-damping and noise-reducing pipeline inner super structure which comprises cells arranged on the inner wall of a pipeline, wherein each cell comprises two layers. The outer lane of first layer and pipeline inner wall interference fit, neither harm pipeline inner wall, can also make first layer and pipeline inner wall fastening connection, pipeline inner wall gives the first layer with self deformation transmission, and first layer produces shear strain and stress because of deformation, and shear strain and stress can make first layer consume the energy because of the vibration produces to the vibration damping falls the noise. The second layer is a mass block and is fixedly connected with the first layer, and inertial force is generated when the pipeline vibrates and acts against the inner wall of the pipeline so as to reduce vibration and noise. The cell has a forbidden band of local resonance type phonon crystal, which can inhibit part of lower frequency vibration and noise in the pipeline, and the structure formed by the cell and the inner wall of the pipeline has a forbidden band of Bragg scattering type phonon crystal, which can inhibit the other part of higher frequency vibration and noise in the pipeline.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vibration noise control, in particular to a pipeline inner superstructure for vibration and noise reduction.
Background
When the ship sails at a low speed, the mechanical radiation noise quantity caused by mechanical equipment such as a host, a shafting, a propeller, a pipeline system and the like is high, and the sound stealth performance is seriously influenced. In the case of noise caused by vibration outside the pipeline, the pipeline structure is mainly supported on the ship body through the supporting and hanging frame, wherein the inlet and outlet of the sea pipeline are directly connected with the ship body through the cup-shaped pipe joint, and vibration of pump equipment and nearby mechanical equipment which are directly connected with the sea pipeline is transmitted to the supporting and hanging frame or the cup-shaped pipe joint through the pipeline, and then transmitted to the ship body to cause noise. In terms of noise caused by vibration in the pipeline, fluid noise is caused by fluid vibration in the sea pipeline, and the fluid noise also excites the pipe wall to generate flow-induced vibration, and finally the flow-induced vibration is transmitted to the ship body; at the same time, the fluid vibration in the sea pipeline can also cause structural noise and propagate along the medium in the pipeline, thereby causing radiated underwater sound. Therefore, reducing the radiated noise of the piping structure requires controlling both the external structural vibrations and the internal fluid vibrations induced noise.
With the application of vibration isolation measures such as a floating raft, a rubber vibration isolator and a flexible connecting pipe, external noise caused by mechanical equipment through a machine foot and a base is well suppressed, but noise in a pipeline structure is not well suppressed, and the vibration isolator becomes a main channel for noise transmission. Therefore, there is a need for a vibration and noise reduction device with a pipeline structure, which can reduce the noise and vibration inside and outside the pipeline and improve the sound stealth performance.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a pipeline inner super structure for vibration reduction and noise reduction, which can reduce the noise and vibration inside and outside the pipeline and improve the sound stealth performance.
The technical scheme for realizing the aim of the invention is as follows:
a pipeline inner superstructure for vibration and noise reduction comprises a plurality of cells arranged on the inner wall of a pipeline at intervals.
The cell comprises two layers, wherein the first layer is an outer ring and a supporting bar arranged on the inner side of the outer ring, and the outer ring is in interference fit with the inner wall of the pipeline; the second layer is a mass block and is fixedly connected with the inner side of the outer ring of the second layer through a supporting bar.
The cell has a forbidden band I of a local resonance type phonon crystal, and the cell and the inner wall of the pipeline form a structure with a forbidden band II of a Bragg scattering type phonon crystal; the lower limit of the forbidden band I is the lower limit of the vibration reduction frequency, the upper limit of the forbidden band I is the lower limit of the forbidden band II, and the upper limit of the forbidden band II is the upper limit of the vibration reduction frequency.
Further, the number of the supporting bars is determined according to vibration reduction frequency of the pipeline, and the supporting bars comprise one of spokes and springs.
Further, the mass block is a sphere or a circular plate.
Further, when the mass block is a sphere, the sphere is a hollow sphere or a solid sphere; the mass block is a circular plate with holes.
Further, the impedance difference between the material of the outer ring and the material of the inner wall of the pipeline is larger than the minimum impedance difference, and the impedance difference between the material of the outer ring and the material of the mass block is larger than the minimum impedance difference.
Further, the spacing between two adjacent cells is determined by the length of the pipeline and the total number of cells.
Further, the total number of cells satisfies noise reduction indicators, cost constraints, and minimum flow rate constraints within the tube.
A vibration-damping and noise-reducing pipeline inner super structure comprises a plurality of cells arranged on the inner wall of a pipeline, wherein the cells are arranged at intervals; the cell comprises two layers, wherein the first layer is an outer ring and a supporting bar arranged on the inner side of the outer ring, and the outer ring is in interference fit with the inner wall of the pipeline; the second layer is a mass block and is fixedly connected with the inner side of the outer ring of the second layer through a supporting bar; the first layer and the second layer are combined into a tuned mass damper; the inner wall of the pipeline, the first layer and the second layer form a constrained damping layer.
The beneficial effects are that:
1. the invention provides a vibration-damping and noise-reducing pipeline inner super structure which comprises cells arranged on the inner wall of a pipeline, wherein each cell comprises two layers. The outer lane of first layer and pipeline inner wall interference fit, neither harm pipeline inner wall, can also make first layer and pipeline inner wall fastening connection, pipeline inner wall gives the first layer with self deformation transmission, and first layer produces shear strain and stress because of deformation, and shear strain and stress can make first layer consume the energy because of the vibration produces to the vibration damping falls the noise. The second layer is a mass block and is fixedly connected with the first layer, and inertial force is generated when the pipeline vibrates and acts against the inner wall of the pipeline so as to reduce vibration and noise. The cell has a forbidden band of local resonance type phonon crystal, which can inhibit part of lower frequency vibration and noise in the pipeline, and the structure formed by the cell and the inner wall of the pipeline has a forbidden band of Bragg scattering type phonon crystal, which can inhibit the other part of higher frequency vibration and noise in the pipeline.
2. The support bar comprises one of springs or spokes, the total number of which is determined according to the frequency of vibration of the pipeline, and the frequency is high, the number of which is high, and the number of which is low. If vibration with lower frequency needs to be restrained, the number of supporting bars is reduced, so that the impedance difference between the first layer and the second layer is increased, and the lower limit of the forbidden band frequency is reduced; if vibration with higher frequency needs to be restrained, the number of supporting bars is increased, so that the impedance difference between the first layer and the second layer is reduced, and the upper limit of the forbidden band frequency is improved.
3. The mass block is a hollow sphere or a perforated circular plate, so that the mass of the mass block can be reduced, and the flow resistance of the perforated circular plate can be reduced so as to increase the flow velocity of fluid.
4. The impedance difference between two adjacent layers of materials is larger than the minimum impedance difference, so that the forbidden band frequency band required by the invention is easy to obtain.
5. The total number of the cells is determined according to vibration and noise reduction requirements, cost and minimum flow velocity in the pipe, and the vibration and noise reduction tasks are completed on the premise that the normal operation of the pipeline is met.
6. The invention provides a vibration-damping and noise-reducing pipeline inner super structure which comprises cells arranged on the inner wall of a pipeline, wherein each cell comprises two layers. The first and second layers comprise a tuned mass damper having multiple degrees of freedom that can dampen a portion of lower frequency and torsional vibrations within the pipeline, as well as fluid noise; the inner wall of the pipeline, the first layer and the second layer form a restraining damping layer, so that high-frequency bending vibration of the pipeline can be restrained.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a single cell at two different viewing angles.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the present embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a diagram showing the structure of a cell according to the present embodiment at two different viewing angles.
Fig. 5 is an isometric view of a piping installation.
Fig. 6 is a front view of the piping installation of the present embodiment.
Fig. 7 is a front view of a cell according to this embodiment.
Wherein, 1-super structure, 2-cell, 3-pipeline inner wall, 4-outer ring, 5-support bar, 6-mass block.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a vibration-damping and noise-reducing pipeline inner superstructure 1 shown in figure 1, which is arranged on the inner wall 3 of a pipeline, and can reduce vibration and noise inside and outside the pipeline and improve the sound stealth performance of the pipeline. The minimum component of the superstructure 1 is a cell 2, and the total number is determined by vibration damping and noise reduction requirements, cost and minimum flow rate in the pipe. Experiments prove that the excessive cells 2 influence the flow velocity of fluid in a pipeline, the cost is also increased, and the insufficient cells 2 can not meet the vibration and noise reduction requirements, so that the total number of the cells 2 is required to meet the vibration and noise reduction requirements, the cost constraint and the minimum flow velocity constraint in the pipeline. The spacing between cells 2 depends on the length of the pipeline and the total number of cells 2, and the invention is equally spaced.
As shown in fig. 2, each cell 2 comprises two layers, wherein the first layer is an outer ring 4 and a supporting bar 5 arranged on the inner side of the outer ring 4, the outer ring 4 is completely covered by the inner wall 3 of the pipeline, and the two layers form interference fit; the second layer is a mass block 6, and is fixedly connected with the inner side of the outer ring 4 of the first layer through a supporting bar 5, and the preferable fixed connection mode is that the supporting bar 5 is centripetally connected with the mass block 6. The support bar 5 comprises one of spokes or springs, the number of which is determined by the vibration damping frequency of the pipeline, and the number of which is high and the number of which is low. This is the cell 2 when the support bar 5 is a spring, as shown in fig. 3. The mass 6 is a sphere (as shown in fig. 1 and 2) or a circular plate (as shown in fig. 3 and 4). For weight reduction, the sphere may be a hollow sphere; the same disc may be a perforated disc. The use of a perforated circular plate also reduces the flow resistance and thus increases the flow rate of the fluid, as shown in fig. 4. Fig. 5, 6 and 7 are an isometric view, a front view and a front view of the entire superstructure 1 when the support bars 5 are spokes and the mass blocks 6 are solid spheres, respectively, and the cell 2 is in this case in front view.
From the perspective of phonon crystal principle analysis, the invention has the forbidden band of both local resonance phonon crystal and Bragg scattering phonon crystal, and can be called as a super structure 1. The cell 2 is provided with a forbidden band I of a local resonance type phonon crystal, and the cell 2 and the inner wall 3 of the pipeline form a structure with a forbidden band II of a Bragg scattering type phonon crystal; the lower limit of the forbidden band I is the lower limit of the vibration reduction frequency, the upper limit of the forbidden band I is the lower limit of the forbidden band II, and the upper limit of the forbidden band II is the upper limit of the vibration reduction frequency. The structure of the cell 2 can be regarded as a local resonance type phonon crystal, and the forbidden band frequency range is a low frequency range (5 Hz to 500 Hz), so that the low-frequency transverse vibration, longitudinal vibration and torsional vibration in a pipeline can be restrained, and further the fluid noise can be restrained; the structure formed by the inner wall 3 of the pipeline and the cell 2 can be regarded as Bragg scattering phonon crystal, and the forbidden band is a high frequency band (500 Hz to 10000 Hz), so that the high-frequency vibration in the pipeline and the bending deformation of the inner wall 3 of the pipeline caused by the high-frequency vibration can be restrained.
From the aspect of shape analysis, the outer contour of the first layer of the cell 2 is identical to the inner wall 3 of the pipeline, and in the invention, the outer contour of the cell 2 and the cross section of the inner wall 3 of the pipeline are both circular.
From the structural point of view analysis, the invention designs the structure of the cell 2 with reference to tuning the mass damper and the composition of the constraining damping layer. The first and second layers are a connection combination of the outer race 4 (damping element), the support bar 5 (stiffness element), and the mass block 6 (inertial mass element), and have a structure similar to the constituent structure of the damping element, the stiffness element, and the inertial mass element of the tuned mass damper, and have a plurality of degrees of freedom, and can suppress low-frequency lateral (direction of pipe cross-sectional diameter) vibration, longitudinal (fluid flow direction) vibration, and torsional vibration of the pipe, and fluid noise. When the pipeline generates low-frequency (5 Hz to 500 Hz) vibration and torsional vibration and causes fluid noise, the cell 2 connected with the pipeline is driven to vibrate together, the mass block 6 in the cell 2 generates inertial force during vibration, the inertial force is transmitted to the outer ring 4 through the support bar 5 and is reacted to the inner wall 3 of the pipeline through the outer ring 4, the vibration of the pipeline is reduced under the tuning action of the cell 2, and meanwhile, the fluid noise is weakened, so that the effects of vibration reduction and noise reduction during low-frequency vibration and torsional vibration are achieved.
The structure of the inner wall 3 of the pipe, the first layer (damping layer) and the second layer (constraining layer) is similar to that of the constraining damping layer, and can suppress high-frequency bending vibration of the pipe. When the pipeline vibrates at high frequency (500 Hz to 10000 Hz), the bending of the inner wall can enable the first layer to stretch or compress, and the second layer can prevent the first layer from stretching or compressing and prevent the first layer from deforming. The first layer generates shear strain and stress under the action of the second layer, and the shear strain and stress can enable the first layer to consume energy generated by vibration, so that the effects of vibration reduction and noise reduction during high-frequency vibration are achieved.
From the angle analysis of the connection mode of each layer, the outer ring 4 and the inner wall 3 of the pipeline form interference fit, namely the outer diameter of the first layer of the cell 2 is slightly larger than the diameter of the inner wall 3 of the pipeline. When in installation, the outer ring 4 and the inner wall 3 of the pipeline form interference fit to generate elastic pressure, thereby obtaining a tight connection. Meanwhile, the interference fit does not damage the surface of the inner wall 3 of the pipeline; in an embodiment, the outer ring 4 and the inner wall 3 of the pipeline are fixed by adopting a bolt connection mode, although the effect of fastening connection can be achieved, experiments show that the inner wall 3 of the pipeline is damaged, the vibration reduction and noise reduction effects are reduced, and the problem can be avoided by adopting an interference fit mode.
From the material analysis, the impedance difference between the material of the outer ring 4 and the material of the inner wall 3 of the pipeline is larger than the preset minimum impedance difference, and the impedance difference between the material of the outer ring 4 and the material of the mass block 6 is larger than the preset minimum impedance difference. Because the inner wall 3 of the pipeline is made of elastic material, the invention selects viscoelastic material as the material of the outer ring 4, and metal as the material of the mass block 6. The larger the impedance difference, the easier it is to obtain the band gap frequency required by the present invention. In addition, the number of the supporting bars 5 can also influence the forbidden band frequency range. The support bar 5 comprises one of spokes or springs, the number of which is determined by the vibration damping frequency of the pipeline, and the number of which is high and the number of which is low. If vibration with lower frequency needs to be restrained, the number of the supporting bars 5 is reduced, so that the impedance difference between the first layer and the second layer is increased, and the lower limit of the forbidden band frequency is reduced; if vibration with higher frequency needs to be restrained, the number of the supporting bars 5 is increased, so that the impedance difference between the first layer and the second layer is reduced, and the upper limit of the forbidden band frequency is improved.
In summary, the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The pipeline inner superstructure for vibration and noise reduction is characterized by comprising a plurality of cells arranged on the inner wall of a pipeline, wherein the cells are arranged at intervals;
the cell comprises two layers, wherein the first layer is an outer ring and a supporting bar arranged on the inner side of the outer ring, and the outer ring is in interference fit with the inner wall of the pipeline; the second layer is a mass block and is fixedly connected with the inner side of the outer ring of the second layer through a supporting bar;
the cell is provided with a forbidden band I of a local resonance type phonon crystal, and the cell and the inner wall of the pipeline form a structure with a forbidden band II of a Bragg scattering type phonon crystal; the lower limit of the forbidden band I is the lower limit of the vibration reduction frequency, the upper limit of the forbidden band I is the lower limit of the forbidden band II, and the upper limit of the forbidden band II is the upper limit of the vibration reduction frequency.
2. The in-line superstructure of claim 1, wherein the number of brace bars is determined based on a vibration reduction frequency of the line, the brace bars including one of spokes and springs.
3. The in-line superstructure of claim 1, wherein the mass is a sphere or a circular plate.
4. A pipeline inner superstructure according to claim 1 or claim 3, wherein when the mass is a sphere, the sphere is a hollow sphere or a solid sphere; the mass block is a circular plate with holes when the mass block is a circular plate.
5. The in-line superstructure of claim 4, wherein the outer race material has a difference in impedance from the material of the inner wall of the pipeline greater than the minimum difference in impedance, and the outer race material has a difference in impedance from the material of the mass greater than the minimum difference in impedance.
6. The in-line superstructure of claim 5, wherein the spacing between adjacent cells is determined by the length of the line and the total number of cells.
7. The in-line superstructure of claim 6, wherein the total number of cells meets noise reduction criteria, cost constraints, and in-line minimum flow rate constraints.
8. The pipeline inner superstructure for vibration and noise reduction is characterized by comprising a plurality of cells arranged on the inner wall of a pipeline, wherein the cells are arranged at intervals; the cell comprises two layers, wherein the first layer is an outer ring and a supporting bar arranged on the inner side of the outer ring, and the outer ring is in interference fit with the inner wall of the pipeline; the second layer is a mass block and is fixedly connected with the inner side of the outer ring of the second layer through a supporting bar; the first layer and the second layer form a tuned mass damper; the inner wall of the pipeline, the first layer and the second layer form a constrained damping layer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310448725.6A CN116642077A (en) | 2023-04-24 | 2023-04-24 | Pipeline inner superstructure of making an uproar falls in damping |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310448725.6A CN116642077A (en) | 2023-04-24 | 2023-04-24 | Pipeline inner superstructure of making an uproar falls in damping |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116642077A true CN116642077A (en) | 2023-08-25 |
Family
ID=87623740
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310448725.6A Pending CN116642077A (en) | 2023-04-24 | 2023-04-24 | Pipeline inner superstructure of making an uproar falls in damping |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116642077A (en) |
-
2023
- 2023-04-24 CN CN202310448725.6A patent/CN116642077A/en active Pending
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| RU2579372C2 (en) | Device for vibration insulation of shaft line with bearings and screw propeller of ship hull | |
| CN109356969B (en) | Metamaterial vibration isolator comprising bistable buckling structure and design method thereof | |
| CN110219935B (en) | Acoustic metamaterial vibration reduction structure for shafting and piping system | |
| CN102748420A (en) | Mode conversion and vibration localization based chiral periodic structure buoyant raft | |
| US9500247B2 (en) | Pounding tune mass damper with viscoelastic material | |
| US10422442B2 (en) | Method for suppression of resonant vibrations in subsea pipelines | |
| CN211821278U (en) | Pipeline vibration damping support based on negative Poisson ratio structure | |
| RU2715014C1 (en) | Valeing device of shaft line with bearings and propeller screw from vessel hull | |
| CN111710324A (en) | Broadband sound absorption structure | |
| CN116642077A (en) | Pipeline inner superstructure of making an uproar falls in damping | |
| EP4365473A1 (en) | Multifunctional protection device for pipeline in nuclear power plant | |
| US4045057A (en) | Vibration barrier/structural connector for conduits and the like | |
| KR20100116395A (en) | Noise reduction device for piping arrangement | |
| RU2688566C1 (en) | Local vibration absorber | |
| RU2562819C1 (en) | Vibration and noise protection device for shipboard pipelines | |
| CN113090847A (en) | Fluid-solid coupling mechanical metamaterial pipeline structure for vibration reduction and noise elimination and preparation method thereof | |
| JP6646449B2 (en) | Vertical pump | |
| CN113833806B (en) | Rubber bearing for damping transverse vibration of shafting | |
| CN217603627U (en) | Pipeline noise reduction device and water purifier thereof | |
| RU2687002C1 (en) | Local vibration absorber | |
| RU2718182C1 (en) | Vibration damping device of a shaft line vibration-insulated from a ship hull | |
| FI123484B (en) | Suppressor for shock wave and propeller driven vessel | |
| CN219912061U (en) | Pipeline vibration isolator | |
| CN220354357U (en) | Vibration damping pad | |
| Kurtze | Innovative solutions to reduce the transfer of structure borne noise in couplings |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |