CN116639890A - Basalt fiber post-treatment process - Google Patents

Basalt fiber post-treatment process Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116639890A
CN116639890A CN202310554483.9A CN202310554483A CN116639890A CN 116639890 A CN116639890 A CN 116639890A CN 202310554483 A CN202310554483 A CN 202310554483A CN 116639890 A CN116639890 A CN 116639890A
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China
Prior art keywords
basalt
fibers
fiber
agent
treatment process
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CN202310554483.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
吴敏勇
夏治刚
付驰宇
郭清
徐傲
范梅忠
潘海涛
徐卫林
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Hubei Huierjie Basalt Fiber Co ltd
Wuhan Textile University
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Hubei Huierjie Basalt Fiber Co ltd
Wuhan Textile University
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Application filed by Hubei Huierjie Basalt Fiber Co ltd, Wuhan Textile University filed Critical Hubei Huierjie Basalt Fiber Co ltd
Priority to CN202310554483.9A priority Critical patent/CN116639890A/en
Publication of CN116639890A publication Critical patent/CN116639890A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
    • C03C25/10—Coating
    • C03C25/24—Coatings containing organic materials
    • C03C25/40—Organo-silicon compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
    • C03C25/10—Coating
    • C03C25/12—General methods of coating; Devices therefor
    • C03C25/16—Dipping
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
    • C03C25/10—Coating
    • C03C25/24—Coatings containing organic materials
    • C03C25/26—Macromolecular compounds or prepolymers
    • C03C25/32—Macromolecular compounds or prepolymers obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C03C25/36—Epoxy resins
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
    • Y02P40/57—Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a basalt fiber post-treatment process, which comprises the steps of placing a packaged basalt fiber in a raw material area, and sequentially passing through a yarn guide rod (2), a yarn guide hook (3), a wetting device (14), a yarn guide hook (6), a tension roller (7), a yarn guide hook (8), a lappet (9), a yarn-separating plate (10), a bead ring (11), a steel collar (12) and a collecting pipe (13) to obtain the post-treated basalt fiber. Compared with the prior art, the sizing agent and filler combined fiber twisting process in the post-treatment process reduces the surface tension of the fibers and the friction resistance among the fibers by improving the wettability and the antistatic property of the surfaces of the fibers, obviously improves the mechanical properties of the fibers, promotes the two components in a synergistic manner, endows the basalt fibers with higher functionality, and improves the production efficiency.

Description

Basalt fiber post-treatment process
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fiber post-processing, in particular to a basalt fiber post-processing technology.
Background
Basalt fiber is a high-temperature heat-insulating material, and is a fibrous material prepared from basalt ore through high-temperature melting, and is generally used in the fields of heat insulation, heat preservation, fire prevention and the like in a high-temperature environment. Basalt fiber has the characteristics of excellent high temperature resistance, low heat capacity, low thermal conductivity and the like, and is an ideal high-temperature heat insulation material. Basalt is volcanic rock rich in iron, magnesium, calcium, sodium, potassium and other elements, and the main components of the volcanic rock are mineral substances such as pyroxene, plagioclase and the like. The basalt can be made into fibrous materials after being melted at high temperature, has good heat insulation performance and high temperature resistance, and is commonly used in the fields of heat insulation, heat preservation, fire prevention and the like in high-temperature environments. Basalt fibers can also be manufactured into products with various shapes, such as plates, pipes, felts, ropes and the like, so as to meet the requirements of different fields.
Post-treatment of basalt fibers mainly refers to surface treatment of the fibers or addition of certain chemicals to improve their properties or increase their application range. Some common post-treatment methods for basalt fibers include surface coating, fluorination treatment, silane coupling agent treatment, and the like. These post-treatment methods can present environmental and cost problems and can degrade other properties of the fiber, making it difficult for the functional additive to adequately complex with the fiber.
The basalt fiber twisting is to twist a plurality of basalt fibers to form a thicker rope-shaped material. The processing mode can improve the strength and durability of basalt fibers, and is suitable for the fields with high strength and high durability requirements. However, basalt fiber cabling has the following problems: fiber damage: during the cabling process, fibers and devices can rub and collide with each other, which can lead to abrasion and damage of the surfaces of the fibers and affect the properties of the fibers. Non-uniformity: due to friction and damage between the fibers, there may be differences in the fibers of different parts, resulting in poor stability of the basalt fiber cabling. The processing is difficult: basalt fibers are hard, special equipment and tools are needed to be used for doubling and twisting, the processing difficulty is high, and more manpower and material resources are needed to be consumed. Application restrictions: basalt fiber cabling is mainly applicable to fields requiring high strength and high durability, and may not be applicable to other fields. Therefore, when basalt fibers are twisted together, attention must be paid to damage to the fibers during the processing, and a suitable processing technique is used.
The Chinese patent No. 112321991B discloses a basalt fiber processing method, which belongs to the basalt fiber processing field, and comprises the following steps: (1) Cleaning basalt fibers to be treated for later use; and (2) weighing the following components in parts by weight: 2-5 parts of nitrate, 8-15 parts of imidazoline surfactant and 60-100 parts of water, and uniformly mixing the weighed components to obtain a pretreatment agent; placing the basalt fiber cleaned in the step 1 into a pretreatment agent for activation treatment to obtain activated basalt fiber; (3) Immersing the activated basalt fiber into the solution C, taking out the basalt fiber after the basalt fiber is immersed completely, and drying and curing the basalt fiber at 40-60 ℃ for 0.5-5 h to finish the immersing modification treatment; repeating the soaking modification treatment for one to five times. Experimental results show that after the basalt fiber is treated by the method, the tensile property and the fracture resistance strength of the basalt fiber are obviously improved, the surface feathering at the later stage of the basalt fiber is better improved, and the basalt fiber has better technical effects. However, the basalt fiber processing method of the invention requires additional processing equipment, the processing agent and the fiber cannot be dynamically compounded, the compounding effect is lower, the defect of filling basalt fiber by the filler is not added, the stability of the fiber doubling process cannot be improved, and the processed basalt fiber has poor quality.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects of poor functionality, easiness in damage in the doubling and twisting process and non-ideal mechanical properties of basalt fibers in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a basalt fiber post-treatment process.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a basalt fiber post-treatment process comprises the following steps:
step 1, putting 2-10 parts of packaged basalt fibers into a raw material area, wherein the basalt fibers sequentially pass through a yarn guide rod, a yarn guide hook, a soaking device, a yarn guide hook, a tension roller, a yarn guide hook, a lappet, a yarn separation plate, a steel wire ring, a steel collar and a collecting pipe;
step 2, when basalt fibers pass through an impregnating device, the basalt fibers enter an impregnating compound for impregnating, the impregnating compound is coated on the basalt fibers, and the linear speed of the impregnating device is 10-40 m/min;
step 3, the basalt fiber passes through a yarn guide hook and then reaches a tension roller, the basalt fiber is wound on the tension roller for 1-10 circles and then is led out, and the linear speed of the tension roller is 10-40 m/min;
and 4, the basalt fiber is twisted on the steel wire ring and the steel collar through a yarn guide hook, a lappet, a yarn-separating plate, the steel wire ring and the steel collar, and is finally wound on a collecting pipe, wherein the rotating speed of the collecting pipe is 10-40 m/min, and the post-processing basalt fiber is obtained.
Preferably, the 1 part of package basalt fiber consists of 10 to 300 multifilament yarns, and the diameter of single fiber in the multifilament yarns is 7 to 11 mu m.
Preferably, the infiltration device consists of an infiltration roller and an infiltration tank.
Preferably, the twisting direction of the twisting in the step 4 is Z direction, and the twist is 40-80 twists/10 cm.
Preferably, the impregnating compound comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 to 60 parts of water-soluble epoxy resin, 3 to 10 parts of silane coupling agent, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of functional agent, 1 to 2 parts of filler, organic acid, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of quaternary ammonium salt surfactant and 80 to 150 parts of water.
Preferably, the functional agent is at least one of an antistatic agent, an anti-ultraviolet agent and a softening agent.
Further preferably, the functional agent is an antistatic agent, an ultraviolet resistant agent and a softening agent according to the mass ratio of 0.5-2: 0.4 to 0.6:0.5 to 2.
Preferably, the silane coupling agent is at least one of diethylenetriamine propyl trimethoxysilane, gamma-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane, gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, gamma-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane and N- (beta-aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane.
Preferably, the antistatic agent is one of a cationic antistatic agent, an anionic antistatic agent and a nonionic antistatic agent, and the cationic antistatic agent is at least one of alkyl trimethyl ammonium salt, dialkyl dimethyl ammonium salt and alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium salt; the anionic antistatic agent is at least one of sodium sulfate, lithium nitrate, phosphate salt or alkyl salicylate; the nonionic antistatic agent is at least one of sorbitol, ethanol amide, fatty acid polyol ester and polyoxyethylene alkanolamide.
Preferably, the anti-ultraviolet agent is at least one of nano titanium dioxide, nano zinc oxide, salicylic acid, chlorogenic acid, calcium carbonate and talcum powder.
More preferably, the anti-ultraviolet agent is nano titanium dioxide and nano zinc oxide according to the following ratio of 0.5-2: 0.5 to 2.
Preferably, the quaternary ammonium salt surfactant is at least one of bisdodecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, octadecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and N-dehydroabietyl-N, N-dihydroxyethyl quaternary ammonium salt.
Preferably, the softening agent is at least one of polyamide resin, polyvinyl butyral, phthalate and polyethylene glycol.
Preferably, the filler is a slurry prepared by mixing silica nanoparticles with a phosphate binder.
Preferably, the phosphate adhesive comprises phosphate and additives according to the mass ratio of 4-6: 0.5 to 2.
Preferably, the phosphate is at least one of tripolyphosphate and ammonium polyphosphate.
Preferably, the additive is at least one of silicate, aluminate and magnesium salt.
The additive can increase the viscosity and the adhesive property of the phosphate adhesive and improve the high temperature resistance and the impact resistance of the phosphate adhesive.
Preferably, the organic acid is at least one of citric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, bromoacetic acid, glycolic acid, propionic acid, glyoxylic acid, gluconic acid, lactic acid, tartaric acid, malonic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, isoascorbic acid, pyrrolidone carboxylic acid, sorbic acid, ascorbic acid, undecylenic acid, benzoic acid, hydroxybenzoic acid, salicylic acid, and dehydroacetic acid.
The preparation method of the impregnating compound comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials according to the weight parts, dissolving the weighed silane coupling agent in water, adding the organic acid into the water, stirring the mixture for 0.5 to 5 hours at 100 to 500rpm, adding the water-soluble epoxy resin into the mixture, and continuing stirring the mixture at 100 to 500rpm for 10 to 50 minutes; then adding the functional agent, the quaternary ammonium salt surfactant and the filler, and stirring for 1-5 hours at 100-500 rpm to obtain the impregnating compound.
The basalt fiber is a novel inorganic fiber prepared from natural basalt minerals, and has the characteristics of good high-temperature stability, corrosion resistance, wear resistance and the like. In order to further improve the performance of basalt fibers, the sizing agent is added before doubling and twisting, and can play the following roles in the doubling and twisting process of basalt fibers:
1. the softness and the plasticity of basalt fibers are improved.
2. The electrostatic property, scratch resistance and mechanical property of basalt fiber are improved.
3. The adhesive force between basalt fibers is improved, so that the basalt fibers are easier to attach, and the processing stability and the functionality of the basalt fibers after doubling and twisting are further improved.
The sizing agent forms a layer of film on the surface of basalt fiber to prevent the damage and abrasion of the fiber surface. Meanwhile, the impregnating compound can be filled into the fiber through micropores and defects, so that the compactness and strength of the fiber are improved. In addition, the sizing agent can also react with the oxide on the surface of the fiber to improve the chemical property and the stability of the surface of the fiber.
The antistatic agent can improve the electrostatic property between basalt fibers and reduce the charge accumulation on the surfaces of the fibers, thereby reducing the electrostatic voltage and the charge density and improving the antistatic property of the basalt fibers. The antistatic agent can improve the antistatic property of basalt fiber mainly by the following ways: the antistatic agent can form a conductive film on the surface of the fiber to increase the conductivity of the fiber, thereby reducing the electrostatic voltage and the charge density. The antistatic agent can improve the surface morphology of the fiber, reduce the protrusion and abrasion of the surface, and reduce the charge accumulation on the surface of the fiber, thereby improving the antistatic performance. An electrostatic barrier may also be formed on the fiber surface to prevent charge from flowing from the fiber surface to other materials, thereby reducing electrostatic voltage and charge density.
The ultraviolet resistant agent can improve the ultraviolet resistant performance of basalt fiber, reduce the ultraviolet irradiation of fiber, and prevent fiber aging and damage. The ultraviolet resistant agent can form a layer of film absorbing ultraviolet on the surface of the fiber by absorbing ultraviolet light, absorb the ultraviolet light and convert the ultraviolet light into heat energy, thereby reducing the damage of the ultraviolet light to the fiber. The anti-ultraviolet agent can also form a film reflecting ultraviolet light on the surface of the fiber, reflect the ultraviolet light and reflect the ultraviolet light back to the environment, thereby reducing the irradiation of the fiber by the ultraviolet light. The ultraviolet resistant agent can act with a molecular chain structure on the surface of the basalt fiber, stabilize the molecular chain structure, prevent the fiber from being oxidized and degraded by ultraviolet light, and improve the ultraviolet resistant performance of the basalt fiber.
Increasing the softness and plasticity of the fibers is a very important issue in fiber processing, which is accomplished by adding an appropriate flexibilizer. The softening agent can form a layer of film on the surface of the fiber, so that the softness and plasticity of the fiber are improved. The softening agent can react with the oxide on the surface of the fiber to change the chemical property of the surface of the fiber. These chemical reactions can improve the hydrophilicity and lipophilicity of the fiber surface, thereby making the fiber surface smoother and softer. The internal structure of the fiber can be improved, and the flexibilizer can be slightly permeated into the basalt fiber, so that the internal structure of the basalt fiber is improved. These flexibilizers can interact with the molecules inside the fiber, making the structure inside the fiber more loose and flexible. The flexibilizer also reduces the melting point and glass transition temperature of the fiber, making it easier to process and shape. In summary, the softening agent can improve the softness and plasticity of the fibers by changing the surface chemistry of the fibers, improving the internal structure of the fibers, lowering the melting point and glass transition temperature of the fibers, and the like.
The filler is slurry prepared by mixing silica nano particles with a phosphate adhesive, wherein the phosphate adhesive is a special adhesive, and the main components of the phosphate adhesive are phosphate and additives, so that the filler has good high temperature resistance and bonding property, can be used for filling micropores and defects of basalt fibers, and enhances the mechanical property of the basalt fibers.
The sizing agent is added before the basalt fiber is twisted, so that the wettability and the absorbability of the fiber can be improved, the fiber is easier to absorb and process in the subsequent processing process, and the production efficiency is improved. The sizing agent can reduce the surface tension of the fiber before twisting, so that the fiber is easier to absorb, and the wettability of the fiber is improved. It is also possible to improve the wettability of the surface of the fiber, making the surface of the fiber more easily covered and absorbed by the liquid, thereby improving the absorbency of the fiber. And further reduces frictional resistance between the fibers, so that the fibers are more easily twisted, thereby improving production efficiency. In the doubling and twisting process, friction force between fibers can be increased, the basalt fibers with high rigidity are mutually extruded and twisted to have the risk of brittle fracture, friction force between the fibers can be reduced by adding the impregnating compound, flexibility of the fibers is increased, a layer of film is formed on the surface of the basalt fibers by the impregnating compound, extrusion and twisting space between the basalt fibers is provided, the fibers are easier to be doubled and twisted, static electricity is not easy to generate, bifurcation phenomenon between the basalt fibers is reduced, and production efficiency is improved. The twisted basalt fiber forms certain cohesive force, increases the binding force between the impregnating compound and the filling agent as well as the basalt fiber, promotes the filling of the filling agent to the defect of the basalt fiber, and improves the strength of the basalt fiber. In addition, the sizing agent can also improve the softness and ductility of the fiber, so that the fiber is easier to process and treat. The bonding between the fibers is tighter, the balloon during doubling and twisting is more stable, the friction between the balloon and the ring bead ring is smaller, the hair is not easy to scrape, and the production process is more stable.
It should be noted that the addition amount and ratio of the sizing agent and the filler should be controlled within a certain range, and excessive addition affects the performance and processability of the basalt fiber. The invention searches out the optimal impregnating compound and filler dosage through experiments.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) The invention adopts doubling twisting, tightly embracing among fibers, the fiber strength is improved, the wettability and the absorbability of the fibers are improved in the twisting process, the tensile strength and the processing stability of basalt fibers are improved by improving the surface wettability of the fibers, reducing the surface tension of the fibers and the friction resistance among the fibers, reducing the brittle fracture risk of the fibers, the mechanical properties of the fibers can be obviously improved by combining a sizing agent and a filling agent with the fiber doubling twisting process, the two are mutually cooperated and promoted, the basalt fibers are endowed with higher functionality, and the production efficiency is improved;
2) The softening agent reduces the elastic modulus of the fibers, improves the softness and ductility of the fibers, ensures that the fibers are tightly attached, the twisted balloon is more stable, the friction with the ring bead is smaller, the hair scraping and brittle fracture are not easy, and the production process is more stable;
3) The antistatic agent reduces the charge accumulation on the surface of the fiber, thereby improving the antistatic performance, preventing the fiber from protruding and wearing, and being not easy to be fuzzed and brittle broken;
4) The ultraviolet resistant agent can improve the ultraviolet resistant performance of basalt fibers, reduce the ultraviolet irradiation of the fibers and prevent the fibers from aging and damaging;
5) The filling of the filler can reduce micropores and defects of basalt fibers and enhance the mechanical properties of the basalt fibers.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a basalt fiber post-treatment process.
1 package basalt fiber in fig. 1; 2, a yarn guide rod; 3, a yarn guiding hook; 4, soaking a roller; 5, soaking the groove; 6, a yarn guiding hook; 7 tension rollers; 8, a yarn guiding hook; 9 lappets; 10, a shock absorber plate; 11 bead rings; a 12-ring; 13 collecting pipes; 14 infiltration device.
Detailed Description
The main material sources are as follows:
basalt fiber: hubei Hui Erjie basalt fiber Co., ltd.
Gamma-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane: dongguan mountain plasticizing Co., ltd., product number: KH-570, type: a silane coupling agent.
Water-soluble epoxy resin: gallery Chilin energy saving technology Co., ltd., goods number: 04.
polyamide resin: new material limited, eastern glaring mountain, model: CY-F1.
Silica nanoparticles: hubei Hui nano materials stock Co., ltd., product grade: nanoscale, cat No.: HB-630.
Example 1
A basalt fiber post-treatment process comprises the following steps:
step 1, placing 3 parts of package basalt fibers (1) in a raw material area, wherein 1 part of package basalt fibers consist of 200 multifilament, the diameter of single fibers in the multifilament is 8 mu m, and the basalt fibers sequentially pass through a yarn guide rod (2), a yarn guide hook (3), a wetting device (14), a yarn guide hook (6), a tension roller (7), a yarn guide hook (8), a lappet (9), a yarn separator (10), a bead ring (11), a ring (12) and a collecting pipe (13);
step 2, when basalt fibers pass through an infiltration device (14), impregnating compound is filled in an infiltration tank (5), the basalt fibers are infiltrated by pressing the basalt fibers into the infiltration tank (5) through an infiltration roller (4), the impregnating compound is coated on the basalt fibers, and the linear speed of the infiltration roller (5) in the infiltration device (14) is 20m/min;
step 3, basalt fibers are led out after passing through a yarn guide hook (6) to a tension roller (7), and are led out after being wound on the tension roller (7) for 3 circles, wherein the linear speed of the tension roller (7) is 20.3m/min;
step 4, basalt fibers are twisted on the bead rings (11) and the rings (12) through yarn guide hooks (8), lappets (9), yarn spacers (10), the bead rings (11) and the rings (12), the twisting direction is the Z direction, the twisting degree is 60 twists/10 cm, and finally the basalt fibers are wound on a collecting pipe (13), wherein the rotating speed of the collecting pipe (13) is 20m/min, and the post-treatment basalt fibers are obtained.
The preparation method of the impregnating compound comprises the following steps: 6kg of gamma-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane was added to 90kg of water, 1kg of citric acid was added, stirring was carried out at 200rpm for 2 hours, 40kg of water-soluble epoxy resin was added thereto, and stirring was continued at 200rpm for 30 minutes; then, 1kg of a functional agent, 1.5kg of a filler and stirring at 300rpm for 2 hours were added to obtain a sizing agent.
The functional agent is sodium sulfate, an anti-ultraviolet agent and polyamide resin according to the mass ratio of 1:0.5:1, and mixing.
The ultraviolet resistant agent is nano titanium dioxide and nano zinc oxide according to the mass ratio of 1:1 are arranged.
The filler is slurry prepared by mixing silicon dioxide nano particles with phosphate adhesive; the phosphate adhesive comprises phosphate and an additive according to the mass ratio of 5:1, mixing; the phosphate is sodium tripolyphosphate; the additive is sodium silicate.
Example 2
A basalt fiber post-treatment process comprises the following steps:
step 1, placing 3 parts of package basalt fibers (1) in a raw material area, wherein 1 part of package basalt fibers consist of 200 multifilament, the diameter of single fibers in the multifilament is 8 mu m, and the basalt fibers sequentially pass through a yarn guide rod (2), a yarn guide hook (3), an infiltration device (14), a yarn guide hook (6), a tension roller (7), a yarn guide hook (8) and a collecting pipe (13);
step 2, when basalt fibers pass through an infiltration device (14), impregnating compound is filled in an infiltration tank (5), the basalt fibers are infiltrated by pressing the basalt fibers into the infiltration tank (5) through an infiltration roller (4), the impregnating compound is coated on the basalt fibers, and the linear speed of the infiltration roller (5) in the infiltration device (14) is 20m/min;
step 3, basalt fibers are led out after passing through a yarn guide hook (6) to a tension roller (7), and are led out after being wound on the tension roller (7) for 3 circles, wherein the linear speed of the tension roller (7) is 20.3m/min;
and 4, winding basalt fibers on a collecting pipe (13) through a yarn guide hook (8), wherein the rotating speed of the collecting pipe (13) is 20m/min, and obtaining the post-processed basalt fibers.
The impregnating compound was prepared in the same manner as in example 1.
The functional agent was the same as in example 1.
The uv blocking agent is the same as in example 1.
The filler was the same as in example 1.
Example 3
The basalt fiber post-treatment process is substantially the same as in example 1, the only difference being that: the functional agents are different.
The functional agent is sodium sulfate.
The impregnating compound was prepared in the same manner as in example 1.
The filler was the same as in example 1.
Example 4
The basalt fiber post-treatment process is substantially the same as in example 1, the only difference being that: the functional agents are different.
The functional agent is nano titanium dioxide and nano zinc oxide according to the following ratio of 1:1 are arranged.
The impregnating compound was prepared in the same manner as in example 1.
The filler was the same as in example 1.
Example 5
The basalt fiber post-treatment process is substantially the same as in example 1, the only difference being that: the preparation methods of the impregnating compound are different.
The functional agent is polyamide resin.
The impregnating compound was prepared in the same manner as in example 1.
The filler was the same as in example 1.
Example 6
The basalt fiber post-treatment process is substantially the same as in example 1, the only difference being that: the functional agents are different.
The preparation method of the impregnating compound comprises the following steps: 6kg of gamma-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane was added to 90kg of water, 1kg of citric acid was added, stirring was carried out at 200rpm for 2 hours, 40kg of water-soluble epoxy resin was added thereto, and stirring was continued at 200rpm for 30 minutes; then, add the bisdodecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride and 1.5kg filler, stir for 2 hours at 300rpm, and obtain the impregnating compound.
The filler was the same as in example 1.
Example 7
The basalt fiber post-treatment process is substantially the same as in example 1, the only difference being that: the functional agents are different.
The preparation method of the impregnating compound comprises the following steps: 6kg of gamma-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane was added to 90kg of water, 1kg of citric acid was added, stirring was carried out at 200rpm for 2 hours, 40kg of water-soluble epoxy resin was added thereto, and stirring was continued at 200rpm for 30 minutes; then adding 1kg of functional agent and bisdodecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, and stirring at 300rpm for 2 hours to obtain the impregnating compound.
The functional agent was the same as in example 1.
The uv blocking agent is the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 1
A basalt fiber post-treatment process comprises the following steps:
step 1, placing 3 parts of package basalt fibers (1) in a raw material area, wherein 1 part of package basalt fibers consist of 200 multifilament yarns, the diameter of single fibers in the multifilament yarns is 8 mu m, and the basalt fibers sequentially pass through a yarn guide rod (2), a yarn guide hook (3), a yarn guide hook (6), a tension roller (7), a yarn guide hook (8), a lappet (9), a yarn separator (10), a steel wire ring (11), a steel collar (12) and a collecting pipe (13);
step 2, basalt fibers are led out after passing through a yarn guide hook (6) and then reaching a tension roller (7), and are led out after being wound on the tension roller (7) for 3 circles, wherein the linear speed of the tension roller (7) is 20.3m/min;
step 3, basalt fibers are twisted on the bead rings (11) and the rings (12) through yarn guide hooks (8), lappets (9), yarn spacers (10), the bead rings (11) and the rings (12), the twisting direction is the Z direction, the twisting degree is 60 twists/10 cm, and finally the basalt fibers are wound on a collecting pipe (13), wherein the rotating speed of the collecting pipe (13) is 20m/min, and the post-treatment basalt fibers are obtained.
Test example 1
Mechanical property test
The mechanical properties of the fibers prepared in the examples and comparative examples of the present invention were tested. The test comprises the following specific steps: inputting the average diameter into an XQ-1A type strength tester, and setting the tension clamp distance to be 20mm; the fiber ends were clamped to the strength tester. Loading the fiber at a loading rate of 5mm/min; the modulus of elasticity (Gpa) and elongation at break (%) of the fiber were recorded, the breaking strength value F (cN) that the fiber can withstand was measured, and the strength S (MPa) of the fiber was calculated by the following formula.
Tensile Strength of S-fiber (MPa)
F-fiber breaking Strength (cN)
d-fiber diameter (μm)
30 valid data were selected for each group and averaged. The test results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1: mechanical property test results
Test example 2
Specific resistance test
The basalt fibers prepared by post-processing in the embodiment and the comparative example are cut into lengths of 100mm for use by adopting a YG321 fiber specific resistance tester. The test principle is as follows: the resistance value of the fiber aggregate under a certain geometric shape is measured by a fiber specific resistance tester, and then the fiber aggregate is converted into a mass specific resistance according to the filling factor of the fiber aggregate.
The testing method comprises the following steps: taking out the press block in the test box, uniformly filling 15g of fibers into the box by using tweezers, pushing the press block into the box, placing the fiber measurement box into an instrument groove, and rotating a shaking handle until shaking is stopped; placing a discharge-test switch in a discharge gear, and shifting to a test position after static electricity dissipation caused by filling fibers on the polar plate; the 'multiplying power' switch is stirred to make the ammeter stable on a certain reading, and the reading of the meter head is multiplied by the multiplying power to obtain the resistance value of the measured fiber. The mass specific resistance ρ is calculated according to the following formula:
ρ＝Rm/L 2
wherein: r is the average resistance value of the measured fiber; m is the fiber mass (15 g); l is the distance (2 cm) between the two plates of the test box. Each group was tested three times and averaged. The test results are shown in Table 2.
Test example 3
anti-UV test
The basalt fiber prepared by post-treatment processing of the embodiment and the comparative example is put in an iodine/gallium lamp (the light source wavelength is 200 nm-450 nm) for irradiation, and the irradiation intensity is 800w/m 2 . The sample is 35cm away from the light source, and is cooled by a ventilation device during irradiation, and the experimental temperature is kept at (30+/-0.5). The ultraviolet accelerated aging time is 144 hours. The fibers were tested for strength before and after aging in the manner of test example 1, and the strength retention was calculated,
strength retention = post aging fiber strength/pre aging fiber strength
Each group was tested three times and averaged. The test results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2: test results
From the test results of test examples 1 to 3, the comprehensive performance of example 1 is best, the mechanical performance of example 1 after twisting is better than that of example 2 without twisting, which means that twisting is performed in the process of doubling and twisting of example 1, the fibers are tightly held together, the strength of the fibers is improved, and the wettability and the absorbability of the fibers are improved in the process of twisting, so that the fibers are easier to absorb and process in the subsequent processing process. The method reduces the brittle failure risk of the fiber and improves the tensile strength of the basalt fiber by improving the surface wettability of the fiber, reducing the surface tension of the fiber, reducing the friction resistance among the fibers and other modes. The test example results can be compared, and the flexibility increasing agent can be used for reducing the elastic modulus of the fibers, improving the softness and ductility of the fibers, enabling the fibers to be tightly attached, enabling the twisted balloon to be more stable, enabling the twisted balloon to have smaller friction with the ring bead, enabling the ring bead not to be easily scratched and broken, and enabling the production process to be more stable. The antistatic agent reduces the charge accumulation on the surface of the fiber, thereby improving the antistatic performance, preventing the fiber from protruding and wearing, and being not easy to be fuzzed and brittle. The ultraviolet resistant agent can improve the ultraviolet resistant performance of basalt fiber, reduce the ultraviolet irradiation of fiber, and prevent fiber aging and damage. Filling of the filler and enhancing of the mechanical properties of the basalt fiber. In conclusion, the fiber doubling and twisting process combining the sizing agent and the filler can remarkably improve the mechanical properties of the fiber, and the sizing agent and the filler are mutually synergistic to promote, so that the basalt fiber is endowed with higher functionality, and the production efficiency is improved.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The basalt fiber post-treatment process is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, placing 2-10 parts of packaged basalt fibers (1) in a raw material area, wherein the basalt fibers sequentially pass through a yarn guide rod (2), a yarn guide hook (3), a soaking device (14), a yarn guide hook (6), a tension roller (7), a yarn guide hook (8), a lappet (9), a yarn separation plate (10), a bead ring (11), a steel collar (12) and a collecting pipe (13);
step 2, when basalt fibers pass through the impregnating device (14), the basalt fibers enter an impregnating compound for impregnating, the impregnating compound is coated on the basalt fibers, and the linear speed of the impregnating device (14) is 10-40 m/min;
step 3, basalt fibers are led to a tension roller (7) after passing through a yarn guide hook (6), and are led out after being wound on the tension roller (7) for 1-10 circles, wherein the linear speed of the tension roller (7) is 10-40 m/min;
step 4, basalt fibers are twisted on the bead rings (11) and the rings (12) through yarn guide hooks (8), lappets (9), yarn spacers (10), the bead rings (11) and the rings (12), and finally are wound on a collecting pipe (13), wherein the rotating speed of the collecting pipe (13) is 10-40 m/min, and the post-treatment basalt fibers are obtained.
2. A basalt fiber post-treatment process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the infiltration device (14) consists of infiltration rollers (4) and infiltration tanks (5).
3. The post-treatment process of basalt fiber according to claim 1, wherein the twisting direction of the twisting in the step 4 is a Z direction, and the twist is 40 to 80 twists/10 cm.
4. The basalt fiber post-treatment process of claim 1, wherein the sizing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 to 60 parts of water-soluble epoxy resin, 3 to 10 parts of silane coupling agent, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of functional agent, 1 to 2 parts of filler, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of organic acid, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of quaternary ammonium salt surfactant and 80 to 150 parts of water.
5. A basalt fiber post-treatment process according to claim 4, wherein the silane coupling agent is at least one of diethylenetriamine propyl trimethoxysilane, gamma-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane, gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, gamma-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane, N- (beta-aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane.
6. A basalt fiber post-treatment process according to claim 4, wherein said functional agent is at least one of an antistatic agent, an ultraviolet resistant agent and a softening agent.
7. The basalt fiber post-treatment process of claim 6, wherein the functional agent is an antistatic agent, an ultraviolet resistant agent and a softening agent according to the mass ratio of 0.5-2: 0.4 to 0.6:0.5 to 2.
8. A basalt fiber post-treatment process according to claim 4, wherein said filler is slurry prepared by mixing silica nanoparticles with phosphate binder.
9. The basalt fiber post-treatment process of claim 8, wherein the phosphate adhesive comprises phosphate and additives according to a mass ratio of 4-6: 0.5 to 2; the phosphate is at least one of tripolyphosphate and ammonium polyphosphate; the additive is at least one of silicate, aluminate and magnesium salt.
10. The post-treatment process of basalt fiber according to claim 4, wherein the preparation method of the impregnating compound comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials according to the weight parts, dissolving the weighed silane coupling agent in water, adding the organic acid into the water, stirring the mixture for 0.5 to 5 hours at 100 to 500rpm, adding the water-soluble epoxy resin into the mixture, and continuing stirring the mixture at 100 to 500rpm for 10 to 50 minutes; then adding the functional agent, the quaternary ammonium salt surfactant and the filler, and stirring for 1-5 hours at 100-500 rpm to obtain the impregnating compound.
CN202310554483.9A 2023-05-17 2023-05-17 Basalt fiber post-treatment process Pending CN116639890A (en)

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