CN116638444A - Passivating and polishing method for broach cutting edge and sand blasting equipment - Google Patents
Passivating and polishing method for broach cutting edge and sand blasting equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN116638444A CN116638444A CN202310777358.4A CN202310777358A CN116638444A CN 116638444 A CN116638444 A CN 116638444A CN 202310777358 A CN202310777358 A CN 202310777358A CN 116638444 A CN116638444 A CN 116638444A
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- broach
- sand blasting
- abrasive
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- cutting edge
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- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 178
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005270 abrasive blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 25
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000997 High-speed steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001103 M42 high speed steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
- B24C1/02—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for sharpening or cleaning cutting tools, e.g. files
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C11/00—Selection of abrasive materials or additives for abrasive blasts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C3/00—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants
- B24C3/02—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants characterised by the arrangement of the component assemblies with respect to each other
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C9/00—Appurtenances of abrasive blasting machines or devices, e.g. working chambers, arrangements for handling used abrasive material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a passivating and polishing method for a broach cutting edge, which comprises the following steps of; step S100: mounting a broach to be processed on sand blasting equipment; step S200: selecting a proper hard sand blasting abrasive according to the model and the material of the broach to be processed, and performing primary sand blasting on the broach to be processed by using the hard sand blasting abrasive through sand blasting equipment so as to complete passivation treatment on the cutting edge of the broach; step S300: taking down the broach after passivation treatment from the sand blasting equipment, and cleaning the broach after passivation treatment by ultrasonic waves to remove hard sand blasting abrasive adhered to the surface of the broach; step S400: and (3) installing and positioning the cleaned broach on sand blasting equipment, selecting a proper soft elastic abrasive to replace a hard sand blasting abrasive according to the type and the material of the broach to be processed, and performing secondary sand blasting treatment on the cleaned broach by using the soft elastic abrasive through the sand blasting equipment so as to polish the cutting edge of the broach, so that the roughness of the surface of the tool reaches the design requirement.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of broach tool machining, in particular to a passivation polishing method for a broach cutting edge. The application also relates to sand blasting equipment for processing the broach cutting edge by adopting the passivation polishing method for the broach cutting edge.
Background
In the current processing of the turbine disc mortises, broaching still takes precedence, and considering the factors of high manufacturing cost, long production period and the like of the complete set of broaches, how to improve the cutting performance of the broaches and prolong the service lives of the broaches is considered in the manufacturing of the broaches.
The broach edge is the position where the tool is in direct contact with the workpiece during broaching, and the geometry and physical properties of the broach edge are critical to tool wear and life during cutting. Studies have shown that suitable cutting edge geometry and physical properties can improve tool life by more than 100%. Meanwhile, in the broaching process, microscopic saw teeth or chipping of the cutting edge of the cutter are easy to spread, so that the broach is worn and seriously loses efficacy, and even the chipping is caused. To improve this defect, the edge passivation polishing process is a common technique to date for improving the cutting strength and life of the tool, and is mainly used for reducing or eliminating microscopic defects on the surface of the cutting edge after cutting of the tool and generating a certain rounding on the cutting edge, thereby improving the reliability of the tool during the machining process. The passivated broach can not only greatly reduce the grinding burn layer and microscopic saw teeth or collapse mouth generated in the grinding process of the cutting edge, but also obtain certain cutting edge size and shape so as to improve the overall performance of the broach.
In recent years, the development of the cutter passivation technology is rapid, and the passivation technology commonly used at home and abroad at present mostly adopts high-efficiency mechanical passivation methods, such as vibration passivation, medium passivation, grinding slurry passivation, rubber wheel passivation containing abrasive, sand blasting passivation, rolling passivation, nylon brush passivation containing abrasive and the like. The dry sand blasting of the sand blasting passivation adopts compressed air as power to form a high-speed sand blasting beam to blast the sprayed material to the surface of the workpiece to be treated at a high speed, so that the appearance or shape of the outer surface of the workpiece is changed, however, the passivation tool only has significant influence on the K value (K=Sγ/Sα) of the cutting edge of the tool and the passivation R value by using the traditional sand blasting process. In particular, in dry blasting, for a cutting edge of a cutter subjected to post-treatment processes such as coating and the like, due to the high-speed impact action of abrasive particles, the surface roughness value of the cutting edge can be increased while passivation is obtained, so that the blasting treatment cannot simultaneously and definitively meet the passivation of the cutter and reduce the surface roughness, and therefore, a considerable lifting space still exists in the process.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a passivating and polishing method for a broach cutting edge, which aims to solve the technical problems of how to simultaneously meet the passivating treatment of the tool cutting edge and enable the roughness of the surface of the tool to reach the design requirement.
According to one aspect of the present application, there is provided a passivation polishing method of a broach edge for machining of a broach tool, comprising the steps of;
step S100: mounting and positioning a broach to be processed on sand blasting equipment;
step S200: selecting a proper hard sand blasting abrasive according to the model and the material of the broach to be processed, and performing primary sand blasting on the broach to be processed by using the hard sand blasting abrasive through sand blasting equipment so as to complete passivation treatment on the cutting edge of the broach;
step S300: taking down the broach after passivation treatment from the sand blasting equipment, and cleaning the broach after passivation treatment by ultrasonic waves to remove hard sand blasting abrasive adhered to the surface of the broach;
step S400: and (3) installing and positioning the cleaned broach on sand blasting equipment, selecting a proper soft elastic abrasive to replace a hard sand blasting abrasive according to the type and the material of the broach to be processed, and performing secondary sand blasting treatment on the cleaned broach by using the soft elastic abrasive through the sand blasting equipment so as to polish the cutting edge of the broach, so that the roughness of the surface of the tool reaches the design requirement.
Further, the step S100 includes the steps of:
step S101: the electromagnetic switch of the magnetic broach clamp on the sand blasting equipment is adjusted to be in a closed state, and the broach to be processed is abutted against the convex baffle plate on the magnetic broach clamp to be positioned;
step S102: and adjusting an electromagnetic switch of the magnetic type broach clamp on the sand blasting equipment to an on state, so that the broach to be processed is adsorbed to the magnetic type broach clamp, and the installation and positioning of the broach to be processed are completed.
Further, the step S200 includes the steps of:
step S201: selecting proper hard sand blasting abrasive according to the model and the material of the broach to be processed, and loading the hard sand blasting abrasive into sand blasting equipment;
step S202: setting a sand blasting pressure parameter P of a spray gun on sand blasting equipment according to the model and the material of a broach to be processed 1 ；
Step S203: setting a first sand blasting track parameter of a robot on sand blasting equipment for controlling a spray gun to move according to the size parameter of a cutting edge to be passivated required by a broach to be processed;
step S204: starting the robot and the spray gun, and performing primary sand blasting treatment on the broach to be processed so as to finish passivation treatment on the cutting edge of the broach.
Further, the hard blasting abrasive in the step S201 is a silicon carbide abrasive or a white corundum abrasive.
Further, the blasting pressure parameter P of the blast gun in the step S202 1 Is in the range of 200 to 350KPa.
Further, in step S203, it is determined whether the broach to be machined is a preset standard parameter broach, and if the broach to be machined is a preset standard parameter broach, machining parameters of a preset model are directly selected on a control panel of the sand blasting equipment; if the broach to be machined is a non-standard parameter broach, machining parameters of the broach length l, the broach tooth width e, the machining original point coordinates, the moving speed v of the robot, the sand blasting angle alpha, the sand blasting distance d, the total machining length of the robot, the broach tooth pitch s and the per-tooth lifting quantity n are required to be input into the control panel.
Further, the step S400 includes the steps of:
step S401: the cleaned broach is installed and positioned on sand blasting equipment, a proper soft elastic abrasive is selected according to the model and the material of the broach to be processed, and the selected soft elastic abrasive is used for replacing hard sand blasting abrasive filled in the sand blasting equipment;
step S402: setting a sand blasting pressure parameter P of a spray gun on sand blasting equipment according to the model and the material of a broach to be processed 2 ；
Step S403: setting a second sand blasting track parameter of a robot on the sand blasting equipment for controlling the movement of the spray gun according to the size parameter of the cutting edge required to be processed by the broach to be processed;
step S404: starting the robot and the spray gun, and performing secondary sand blasting treatment on the broach to be processed so as to finish polishing treatment on the cutting edge of the broach.
Further, the soft elastic abrasive in the step S401 is a silicon carbide abrasive, and diamond micro powder is inlaid on the surface of the silicon carbide abrasive.
Further, the blasting pressure parameter P of the blast gun in the step S404 2 The range of (2) is 220-350 KPa.
According to another aspect of the present application, there is further provided a sand blasting apparatus for machining a broach edge by using the passivation polishing method for a broach edge, where the sand blasting apparatus includes an apparatus main body, a magnetic-attraction type broach clamp disposed on the apparatus main body, a robot disposed on the apparatus main body, a spray gun disposed on the robot, an electric cabinet disposed on the apparatus main body for controlling movement of the robot, and a control panel disposed on the apparatus main body for setting pressure parameters of the spray gun.
The application has the following beneficial effects:
according to the passivating and polishing method for the broach cutting edge, the hard sand blasting abrasive is arranged on the sand blasting equipment to passivate the cutting edge of the broach to be processed, and the soft elastic abrasive is arranged on the sand blasting equipment to polish the broach after the cutting edge of the broach is passivated, so that the passivating treatment of the cutting edge of the tool and the roughness of the surface of the tool can be simultaneously met to meet the design requirement. Because sharp edges and edges of hard abrasive materials in the passivation treatment stage can influence the surface of the cutter after sand blasting to a certain extent and even damage the surface of the cutter, the cutter after hard sand blasting is required to be polished by soft abrasive materials, the functions of the two technological processes are different, the cutter mainly realizes the passivation function through the first sand blasting, and the second sand blasting mainly realizes the improvement of the surface quality of the cutting edge after passivation, so that the roughness of the surface of the cutter reaches the design requirement. The cutter has a good cutting edge shape after passivation and polishing treatment by sequentially and comprehensively applying the sand blasting twice.
In the concrete implementation, firstly, the broach to be processed is installed and positioned on sand blasting equipment, and at the moment, the broach to be processed is positioned to an origin point of passivation processing, so that a reference origin point is provided for a moving path of a robot in the subsequent passivation processing; then selecting a proper hard sand blasting abrasive according to the model and the material of the broach to be processed, adjusting and setting the pressure intensity during sand blasting according to the model and the material of the broach to be processed, and sand blasting the broach to be processed according to the set pressure intensity when passivating the cutting edge so as to realize the passivation of the cutting edge; after the passivated broach is taken down from the sand blasting equipment, the surface of the broach is cleaned by ultrasonic waves, so that on one hand, hard sand blasting abrasive materials and impurities adhered to the surface of the broach can be removed, and on the other hand, oily grinding fluid adhered to the surface of the broach can be removed, so that the influence of the oily grinding fluid on the subsequent polishing of soft elastic abrasive materials is avoided; and finally, reinstalling the cleaned broach on sand blasting equipment for installation and positioning, selecting a proper soft elastic abrasive material according to the type and the material of the broach to replace a hard sand blasting abrasive material, adjusting and setting the pressure intensity during sand blasting according to the type and the material of the broach to be processed, and carrying out sand blasting on the broach cutting edge by utilizing the selected soft elastic abrasive material according to the set pressure intensity during passivation polishing so as to realize that the roughness of the surface of the tool reaches the design requirement.
In conclusion, the passivation polishing method for the broach cutting edge can simultaneously realize passivation of the broach cutting edge and polishing of the surface of the tool so as to reduce the surface roughness of the tool, further prolong the service life of the broach, improve the processing quality and the processing efficiency of the tool and bring great economic benefits.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, the present application has other objects, features and advantages. The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of passivating and polishing a broach edge in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a blasting apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present application.
Legend description:
100. an apparatus main body; 200. a spray gun; 300. an electric control box; 400. a robot; 500. a control panel; 600. magnetic broach clamp.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the application are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, but the application can be practiced in a number of different ways, as defined and covered below.
As shown in fig. 1, the passivation polishing method for the broach cutting edge of the embodiment is used for processing a broach tool, and comprises the following steps of;
step S100: mounting and positioning a broach to be processed on sand blasting equipment;
step S200: selecting a proper hard sand blasting abrasive according to the model and the material of the broach to be processed, and performing primary sand blasting on the broach to be processed by using the hard sand blasting abrasive through sand blasting equipment so as to complete passivation treatment on the cutting edge of the broach;
step S300: taking down the broach after passivation treatment from the sand blasting equipment, and cleaning the broach after passivation treatment by ultrasonic waves to remove hard sand blasting abrasive adhered to the surface of the broach;
step S400: and (3) installing and positioning the cleaned broach on sand blasting equipment, selecting a proper soft elastic abrasive to replace a hard sand blasting abrasive according to the type and the material of the broach to be processed, and performing secondary sand blasting treatment on the cleaned broach by using the soft elastic abrasive through the sand blasting equipment so as to polish the cutting edge of the broach, so that the roughness of the surface of the tool reaches the design requirement.
In this embodiment, the passivation treatment is performed on the cutting edge of the broach to be processed by configuring the hard sandblasting abrasive on the sandblasting equipment, and then the polishing treatment is performed on the broach by configuring the soft elastic abrasive on the sandblasting equipment after the passivation treatment is performed on the cutting edge of the broach, so that the passivation treatment of the cutting edge of the tool and the roughness of the surface of the tool can be simultaneously satisfied to meet the design requirement. Specifically, the sand blasting equipment in the step S100 and the sand blasting equipment in the step S400 may be the same sand blasting equipment, and at this time, the material during sand blasting is replaced according to the state of the broach during processing, if the cutting edge of the broach needs to be passivated, a hard sand blasting abrasive is adopted, and if the broach needs to be polished, the hard sand blasting abrasive is replaced by a soft elastic abrasive; in still another embodiment, the blasting apparatus in step S100 may be a different blasting apparatus from the blasting apparatus in step S400, wherein one blasting apparatus is used only for passivation blasting and the other blasting apparatus is used only for polishing blasting.
In specific implementation, the broach to be processed is installed and positioned on the sand blasting equipment, and the broach to be processed is positioned to the origin of passivation processing at the moment, so that a reference starting point is provided for the moving path of the robot 400 in the subsequent passivation processing; then selecting a proper hard sand blasting abrasive according to the model and the material of the broach to be processed, adjusting and setting the pressure intensity during sand blasting according to the model and the material of the broach to be processed, and sand blasting the broach to be processed according to the set pressure intensity when passivating the cutting edge so as to realize the passivation of the cutting edge; after the passivated broach is taken down from the sand blasting equipment, the surface of the broach is cleaned by ultrasonic waves, so that on one hand, hard sand blasting abrasive materials and impurities adhered to the surface of the broach can be removed, and on the other hand, oily grinding fluid adhered to the surface of the broach can be removed, so that the influence of the oily grinding fluid on the subsequent polishing of soft elastic abrasive materials is avoided; and finally, reinstalling the cleaned broach on sand blasting equipment for installation and positioning, selecting a proper soft elastic abrasive material according to the type and the material of the broach to replace the soft sand blasting abrasive material, adjusting and setting the pressure intensity during sand blasting according to the type and the material of the broach to be processed, and carrying out sand blasting on the broach cutting edge by utilizing the selected soft elastic abrasive material according to the set pressure intensity during passivation polishing so as to realize that the roughness of the surface of the tool reaches the design requirement.
In conclusion, the passivation polishing method for the broach cutting edge can simultaneously realize passivation of the broach cutting edge and polishing of the surface of the tool so as to reduce the surface roughness of the tool, further prolong the service life of the broach, improve the processing quality and the processing efficiency of the tool and bring great economic benefits.
Further, the step S100 includes the steps of:
step S101: the electromagnetic switch of the magnetic broach clamp 600 on the sand blasting equipment is adjusted to be in a closed state, and the broach to be processed is positioned by abutting against the convex baffle plate on the magnetic broach clamp 600;
step S102: the electromagnetic switch of the magnetic type broach clamp 600 on the sand blasting equipment is adjusted to be in an on state, so that the broach to be processed is adsorbed to the magnetic type broach clamp 600, and the installation and the positioning of the broach to be processed are completed.
In this embodiment, the tool is fixed by the magnetic broach clamp 600, and the position of the tool is positioned by the protruding baffle on the magnetic broach clamp 600, so that a reference starting point is provided for the moving path of the robot 400 during the subsequent passivation processing.
Specifically, for step S101, the magnetic-type broach clamp 600 on the sand blasting device is adjusted to a closed state, and then the broach to be processed is positioned by the raised baffle, the raised baffle can respectively restrict the pose of the bottom surface X and Y of the broach, and correct broach clamping can ensure that the first tooth of the broach is the starting point of passivation and polishing of the spray gun 200 clamped by the robot 400.
For step S102, the magnetic broach clamp 600 on the sand blasting apparatus is adjusted to an open state, so that the broach to be processed is adsorbed onto the magnetic broach clamp 600, so as to complete the installation and positioning of the broach to be processed, thereby facilitating the subsequent processing.
Further, the step S200 includes the steps of:
step S201: selecting proper hard sand blasting abrasive according to the model and the material of the broach to be processed, and loading the hard sand blasting abrasive into sand blasting equipment;
step S202: setting a sand blasting pressure parameter P1 of a spray gun 200 on sand blasting equipment according to the model and the material of a broach to be processed;
step S203: setting parameters of a first sand blasting track of a robot 400 on sand blasting equipment for controlling the spray gun 200 to move according to the size parameters of a cutting edge to be passivated required by a broach to be processed;
step S204: the robot 400 and the spray gun 200 are started, and the broach to be machined is subjected to primary sand blasting treatment so as to complete passivation treatment on the cutting edge of the broach.
In this embodiment, the gun 200 is used to spray the selected hard abrasive for blasting, and the robot 400 is used to drive the gun 200 to move so as to passivate the cutting edge of the broach.
Specifically, for step S201, a hard abrasive such as zirconia abrasive, silicon carbide abrasive, white corundum abrasive, and the like is specifically selected according to the type and material of the broach to be machined.
For step S202, a blasting pressure parameter P1 of the blast gun 200 on the blasting apparatus is set, wherein the range of the blasting pressure parameter P1 is 200 to 350KPa.
For step S203, the process of setting the parameters of the processing track of the robot 400 holding the torch 200 is as follows:
first, enter the "program editor" interface of robot 400, and "if program is run" interface click "yes" appears.
And secondly, entering a 'using a preset broach or a self-defining broach parameter' interface, and selecting according to the actual machining broach. If the machined broach is the existing standard broach, clicking a preset type broach, and automatically loading preset machining parameters; if the machined broach is a non-standard parameter broach, machining parameters such as a broach length l, a broach tooth width e, machining original point coordinates, a moving speed v of the robot 400, a sand blasting angle alpha, a sand blasting distance d, a total machining length of the robot 400, a broach tooth pitch s, a per-tooth lifting amount n and the like are sequentially input.
And thirdly, entering a parameter confirmation interface, and selecting yes to generate an automatic track of the robot 400 for sand blasting passivation processing.
And fourthly, entering a 'whether to continue processing' interface by the demonstrator after processing is finished, and judging whether secondary processing is needed according to actual requirements. If not, click "no". Finally, the interface of whether to stop the program is entered, and the whole program can be exited by selecting yes.
Preferably, the automatic precise sand blasting passivation of the broach edge is achieved solely based on the secondary development of the robot 400 holding the gun 200. Specifically, the Robot 400 with six degrees of freedom is first serially programmed in the Robot Studio simulation software using the Rapid programming language to have the display interface and the process trajectory parameter setting flow functions described above. Next, by debugging the program in the software, the program is copied into the sandblasting equipment electric cabinet 300, and finally the robot 400 clamps the spray gun 200 to realize an automatic and precise sandblasting passivation processing function.
For step S204, after the motion track of the robot 400 and the injection pressure of the injection gun 200 are set, the robot 400 and the injection gun 200 are started, and the broach to be processed is subjected to the first sand blasting treatment, so as to complete the passivation treatment of the broach cutting edge.
In a specific embodiment, a 600 mesh white corundum blasting abrasive is selected for a 2B175-0581 series model broach of M42 high speed steel, with a blasting pressure of 220kPa. The machining track is the movement track of the robot clamping spray gun, and specific parameters include: broach length l=820 mm, broach tooth width e=8 mm, machining origin coordinates (0,0,32), robot moving speed v=5 mm/s, blasting angle α=35 °, blasting distance d=25 mm, robot total machining length 805mm, broach tooth pitch s=10 mm, and per tooth lift n=0.06;
for a 2B175-1286 series model broach of ASP2015 powder metallurgy high-speed steel, a silicon carbide sandblasting abrasive with the mesh number of 320 is selected, and the sandblasting pressure is 200kPa.
The processing track parameters include: broach length l=430 mm, broach tooth width e=18 mm, machining origin coordinates (0,0,34), robot movement speed v=5 mm/s, blasting angle α=35 °, blasting distance d=25 mm, robot total machining length 414mm, broach tooth pitch s=12 mm, and per tooth lift n=0.03.
As the secondary development programming is carried out on the robot, the robot clamping nozzle can be enabled to carry out uniform sand blasting along the direction of the cutting edge of the cutter, and higher precision and automation degree are ensured.
Further, the hard blasting abrasive in the step S201 is a silicon carbide abrasive or a white corundum abrasive.
In this embodiment, compared with the white corundum abrasive, the silicon carbide abrasive has higher hardness and is easier to realize the effect of removing materials, so that the silicon carbide abrasive is selected when the ASP2015 broach with slightly higher passivation hardness is used, and higher passivation efficiency can be shown at this time; when the broach made of the M42 material is passivated, the white corundum abrasive with slightly smaller hardness is selected, so that the passivation efficiency can be ensured not to be reduced sharply, and the surface quality of the cutting edge of the machined tool can be improved.
Further, the blasting pressure parameter P1 of the blast gun 200 in the step S202 ranges from 200KPa to 350KPa. In the embodiment, when the cutting edge of the broach is passivated, the passivation effect of the spray gun 200 is best when the pressure of the spray gun 200 is 200-350 KPa, and when the pressure of the spray gun 200 is less than 200KPa, the passivation time is prolonged, so that the integral passivation processing time is influenced; when the pressure of the spray gun 200 is more than 350KPa, grinding transition during cutting edge processing is easy to occur, and broach quality is affected.
Further, in step S203, it is determined whether the broach to be machined is a preset standard parameter broach, and if the broach to be machined is a preset standard parameter broach, the machining parameters of the broach of the preset model are directly selected on the control panel 500 of the sand blasting equipment; if the broach to be machined is a non-standard parameter broach, machining parameters of the broach length l, the broach tooth width e, the machining origin coordinates, the moving speed v of the robot 400, the sand blasting angle α, the sand blasting distance d, the total machining length of the robot 400, the broach tooth pitch s and the per-tooth lift n need to be input on the control panel 500.
In this embodiment, the standard broach is a common broach model, and the sand blasting device is already built in the path module of the robot according to the parameters of the standard broach and the serial number preset program. In the step of passivating the broach, when the hard abrasive for blasting is selected to be 320 mesh silicon carbide, the blasting angle alpha is 20 degrees, the blasting distance d is 30mm, the moving speed v=2mm/S of the robot 400 and the passivating pressure p=330 kPa, the obtained passivating value R of the cutting edge of the broach is 16.05 μm, sγ is 0.092mm, sα is 0.09mm, and at this time, the K value (k=sγ/sα) of the cutting edge of the tool is 1.02. The different choices of the sandblasting angle alpha, the sandblasting distance d, the moving speed v of the robot 400 and the passivation pressure p have different effects on the passivation R value, the Sgamma value, the Salpha value and the K value of the cutting edge.
Further, the step S400 includes the steps of:
step S401: the cleaned broach is installed and positioned on sand blasting equipment, a proper soft elastic abrasive is selected according to the model and the material of the broach to be processed, and the selected soft elastic abrasive is used for replacing hard sand blasting abrasive filled in the sand blasting equipment;
step S402: setting a sand blasting pressure parameter P2 of a spray gun 200 on sand blasting equipment according to the model and the material of a broach to be processed;
step S403: setting a second sand blasting track parameter of the robot 400 on the sand blasting equipment for controlling the spray gun 200 to move according to the size parameter of the cutting edge required to be processed by the broach to be processed;
step S404: the robot 400 and the spray gun 200 are started, and the broach to be machined is subjected to the second sand blasting treatment so as to finish the polishing treatment of the broach cutting edge.
In this embodiment, in the polishing process of the broach edge, when the same pressure parameter of the torch 200, i.e., the pressure p=330 kPa of the torch 200 is selected, only the abrasive for blasting is changed to the elastomer abrasive, and then the surface roughness of the tool edge after the abrasive blasting and polishing is reduced from 0.366 μm to 0.146 μm, so that the surface quality and the smoothness are greatly improved. Different choices of "blasting angle α, blasting distance d, robot 400 movement speed v, and passivation pressure p" will also have different effects on the surface roughness and finish at the tool edge.
Specifically, for step S401, the soft elastic abrasive is used for removing microscopic defects on the surface of the tool, reducing surface roughness and improving the smoothness of the cutting edge of the tool.
Further, the soft elastic abrasive in the step S401 is a silicon carbide abrasive, and diamond micro powder is inlaid on the surface of the silicon carbide abrasive. In this embodiment, the soft elastomer abrasive is an internally wrapped silicon carbide abrasive, and when the soft elastomer abrasive is specifically manufactured, diamond micropowder is inlaid on the surface of the soft elastomer abrasive, and the main body presents a high-resilience and soft abrasive with abrasive blasting, so that the soft elastomer abrasive has good functions of polishing and modifying the metal surface. Uniformly mixing polyurethane, silicon rubber, silicon carbide and a coupling agent under the action of a stirrer, and adding a curing agent to form a viscose mixture; heating the viscose mixture in a high temperature vessel; adding fibers into the heated viscose mixture and stirring to uniformly mix the fibers in the viscose mixture; pouring the viscose mixture into a pressurizing container, and then baking and curing to obtain matrix particles of the elastic abrasive; the base particles of the elastic abrasive are led into an abrasive pipeline of the high-pressure spray gun 200, a certain proportion of diamond micro powder is led into an air pipeline of the spray gun 200, the diamond micro powder is riveted on the elastic abrasive base particles under the action of high-pressure air flow, and finally the elastic abrasive is obtained at the spray gun 200.
Further, the range of the sand blasting pressure parameter P2 of the spray gun 200 in the step S404 is 220 to 350KPa.
In specific implementation, a soft elastic sand blasting abrasive is selected for a 2B175-0581 series model broach made of M42 high-speed steel, and the sand blasting pressure is 270kPa. The machining track is the movement track of the robot clamping spray gun, and specific parameters include: broach length l=820 mm, broach tooth width e=8 mm, machining origin coordinates (0,0,32), robot moving speed v=1 mm/s, blasting angle α=35 °, blasting distance d=25 mm, robot total machining length 805mm, broach tooth pitch s=10 mm, and per tooth lift n=0.06;
for a 2B175-1286 series model broach of ASP2015 powder metallurgy high-speed steel, soft elastic sand blasting abrasive is selected, and the sand blasting pressure is 300kPa. The processing track parameters include: broach length l=430 mm, broach tooth width e=18 mm, machining origin coordinates (0,0,34), robot movement speed v=1 mm/s, blasting angle α=35 °, blasting distance d=25 mm, robot total machining length 414mm, broach tooth pitch s=12 mm, and per tooth lift n=0.03.
According to another aspect of the present application, there is also provided a sand blasting apparatus for machining a broach edge using the above-mentioned passivation polishing method of a broach edge, the sand blasting apparatus including an apparatus main body 100, a magnetic-attraction type broach clamp 600 provided on the apparatus main body 100, a robot 400 provided on the apparatus main body 100, a spray gun 200 provided on the robot 400, an electric cabinet 300 provided on the apparatus main body 100 for controlling movement of the robot 400, and a control panel 500 provided on the apparatus main body 100 for setting a pressure parameter of the spray gun 200. In this embodiment, the magnetic-type broach clamp 600 is used for clamping a broach to be machined and positioning the broach; the torch 200 is used for spraying hard spray abrasive or soft elastic abrasive to process the broach; the robot 400 is used for driving the spray gun 200 to move; the electric cabinet 300 is used for setting processing track parameters of the robot 400; the control panel 500 is used to set pressure parameters of the lance 200.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A passivating and polishing method for a broach cutting edge is used for machining a broach tool and is characterized by comprising the following steps of;
step S100: mounting and positioning a broach to be processed on sand blasting equipment;
step S200: selecting a proper hard sand blasting abrasive according to the model and the material of the broach to be processed, and performing primary sand blasting on the broach to be processed by using the hard sand blasting abrasive through sand blasting equipment so as to complete passivation treatment on the cutting edge of the broach;
step S300: taking down the broach after passivation treatment from the sand blasting equipment, and cleaning the broach after passivation treatment by ultrasonic waves to remove hard sand blasting abrasive adhered to the surface of the broach;
step S400: and (3) installing and positioning the cleaned broach on sand blasting equipment, selecting a proper soft elastic abrasive to replace a hard sand blasting abrasive according to the type and the material of the broach to be processed, and performing secondary sand blasting treatment on the cleaned broach by using the soft elastic abrasive through the sand blasting equipment so as to polish the cutting edge of the broach, so that the roughness of the surface of the tool reaches the design requirement.
2. The method of passivating and polishing a broach edge according to claim 1, wherein said step S100 comprises the steps of:
step S101: the electromagnetic switch of the magnetic broach clamp (600) on the sand blasting equipment is adjusted to be in a closed state, and the broach to be processed is positioned by abutting against the convex baffle on the magnetic broach clamp (600);
step S102: and adjusting an electromagnetic switch of the magnetic broach clamp (600) on the sand blasting equipment to an on state, so that the broach to be processed is adsorbed to the magnetic broach clamp (600) to finish the installation and positioning of the broach to be processed.
3. The method of passivating and polishing a broach edge according to claim 1, wherein said step S200 includes the steps of:
step S201: selecting proper hard sand blasting abrasive according to the model and the material of the broach to be processed, and loading the hard sand blasting abrasive into sand blasting equipment;
step S202: setting a sand blasting pressure parameter P1 of a spray gun (200) on sand blasting equipment according to the model and the material of a broach to be processed;
step S203: setting first sand blasting track parameters of a robot (400) on sand blasting equipment for controlling a spray gun (200) to move according to the size parameters of a cutting edge required to be passivated by a broach to be processed;
step S204: and starting the robot (400) and the spray gun (200), and performing first sand blasting treatment on the broach to be machined so as to finish passivation treatment on the cutting edge of the broach.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the hard abrasive blasting material in step S201 is a silicon carbide abrasive or a white corundum abrasive.
5. A method of passivating and polishing a broach edge according to claim 3, wherein the blasting pressure parameter P1 of the blasting gun (200) in step S202 is in the range of 200 to 350KPa.
6. The method for passivating and polishing a broach edge according to claim 3, wherein in the step S203, it is determined whether the broach to be machined is a preset standard parameter broach, and if the broach to be machined is a preset standard parameter broach, a preset model of broach machining parameter is directly selected on a control panel (500) on the sand blasting equipment; if the broach to be machined is a non-standard parameter broach, machining parameters of the broach length l, the broach tooth width e, the machining original point coordinates, the moving speed v of the robot (400), the sand blasting angle alpha, the sand blasting distance d, the total machining length of the robot (400), the broach tooth distance s and the per-tooth lifting quantity n are required to be input into the control panel (500).
7. The method of passivating and polishing a broach edge according to claim 1, wherein said step S400 comprises the steps of:
step S401: the cleaned broach is installed and positioned on sand blasting equipment, a proper soft elastic abrasive is selected according to the model and the material of the broach to be processed, and the selected soft elastic abrasive is used for replacing hard sand blasting abrasive filled in the sand blasting equipment;
step S402: setting a sand blasting pressure parameter P2 of a spray gun (200) on sand blasting equipment according to the model and the material of a broach to be processed;
step S403: setting a second sand blasting track parameter of a robot (400) on the sand blasting equipment for controlling the movement of the spray gun (200) according to the size parameter of the cutting edge required to be processed by the broach to be processed;
step S404: and starting the robot (400) and the spray gun (200), and performing secondary sand blasting treatment on the broach to be machined so as to finish polishing treatment on the cutting edge of the broach.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the soft elastic abrasive in the step S401 is a silicon carbide abrasive, and diamond micro powder is embedded on the surface of the silicon carbide abrasive.
9. The method according to claim 7, wherein the blasting pressure parameter P2 of the blasting gun (200) in the step S404 is in the range of 220 to 350KPa.
10. A sand blasting apparatus characterized in that the broach edge is processed by the passivation polishing method of the broach edge according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the sand blasting apparatus comprises an apparatus main body (100), a magnetic broach clamp (600) arranged on the apparatus main body (100), a robot (400) arranged on the apparatus main body (100), a spray gun (200) arranged on the robot (400), an electric cabinet (300) arranged on the apparatus main body (100) for controlling the movement of the robot (400), and a control panel (500) arranged on the apparatus main body (100) for setting the pressure parameter of the spray gun (200).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310777358.4A CN116638444A (en) | 2023-06-29 | 2023-06-29 | Passivating and polishing method for broach cutting edge and sand blasting equipment |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310777358.4A CN116638444A (en) | 2023-06-29 | 2023-06-29 | Passivating and polishing method for broach cutting edge and sand blasting equipment |
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| CN202310777358.4A Pending CN116638444A (en) | 2023-06-29 | 2023-06-29 | Passivating and polishing method for broach cutting edge and sand blasting equipment |
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| CN (1) | CN116638444A (en) |
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