CN116637251A - Blood multi-parameter monitoring device and method for ECMO - Google Patents
Blood multi-parameter monitoring device and method for ECMO Download PDFInfo
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- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000002618 extracorporeal membrane oxygenation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract 16
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000005534 hematocrit Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 102000001554 Hemoglobins Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- 210000003743 erythrocyte Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010241 blood sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002473 artificial blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004087 circulation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3621—Extra-corporeal blood circuits
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- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3621—Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3623—Means for actively controlling temperature of blood
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/369—Temperature treatment
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- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/0037—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry for sensing the heat emitted by liquids
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
- G01N21/49—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid
- G01N21/53—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid within a flowing fluid, e.g. smoke
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/55—Specular reflectivity
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- A61M2230/00—Measuring parameters of the user
- A61M2230/20—Blood composition characteristics
- A61M2230/205—Blood composition characteristics partial oxygen pressure (P-O2)
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- A61M2230/00—Measuring parameters of the user
- A61M2230/50—Temperature
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Abstract
The invention discloses a blood multi-parameter monitoring device and method for ECMO, and relates to the field of blood monitoring. Wherein the blood multi-parameter monitoring device comprises: a housing and a circuit board disposed within the housing; the circuit board is connected with the ECMO host computer through a communication cable and a connector; the circuit board is provided with a parameter monitoring unit, a main control unit, a communication module, a power supply voltage stabilizing circuit, an adjustable constant current source driving circuit, a signal amplifying and detecting circuit and a temperature sensor circuit; the parameter monitoring unit comprises a first light source, a second light source, a first photoelectric detector, a second photoelectric detector and an infrared temperature sensor. The device and the method are particularly suitable for ECMO application scenes, and are high in integration level and low in complexity aiming at blood circulation pipeline design; and the real-time continuous monitoring of the multi-index parameter data such as the blood oxygen saturation, the hematocrit, the hemoglobin content, the blood temperature and the like can be finished, and higher detection precision is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of blood monitoring, in particular to a blood multi-parameter monitoring device and method for ECMO.
Background
ECMO (extracorppal membrane oxygenation) is mainly used for providing continuous in vitro respiratory and circulatory functions for patients with serious symptoms such as heart and lung failure, so as to maintain the life of serious patients. Wherein, the change of various indexes such as blood oxygen in blood is an important basis for the operation of an ECMO system and the evaluation and diagnosis of a doctor on a patient. Most of the existing blood index monitoring related products use fingertips or skins as monitoring devices of detection targets, and devices for monitoring blood indexes in blood circulation pipelines in real time in ECMO application scenes are few.
In the actual implementation process of the ECMO system, monitoring of parameters such as blood oxygen and the like is classified into an artificial blood sampling analysis and a non-contact measurement mode. For the detection mode relying on manual blood sampling, medical staff is required to perform blood collection and test regularly and frequently, the process time is long, and the blood index condition under the real-time condition can not be reflected. In addition, the existing monitoring device is mainly used for detecting single index parameters, more devices are needed to be added to the ECMO system application process for detecting more blood indexes, and the complexity of system operation is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems set forth in the background art, the present invention provides a blood multi-parameter monitoring device and method for ECMO, which can continuously and real-time monitor multiple parameters of blood oxygen saturation, hematocrit, hemoglobin content, and blood temperature with low operation complexity.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
the invention provides a blood multi-parameter monitoring device for ECMO, comprising: a housing and a circuit board disposed within the housing; the circuit board is connected with the ECMO host through a communication cable and a connector; the circuit board is provided with a parameter monitoring unit, a main control unit, a communication module, a power supply voltage stabilizing circuit, an adjustable constant current source driving circuit, a signal amplifying and detecting circuit and a temperature sensor circuit; the parameter monitoring unit comprises a first light source, a second light source, a first photoelectric detector, a second photoelectric detector and an infrared temperature sensor;
the top of the shell is provided with a groove matched with the blood circulation pipeline or the size of a flow cell connected in series with the blood circulation pipeline, and the groove is provided with an optical window; the infrared temperature sensor, the first light source, the first photoelectric detector, the second photoelectric detector and the second light source are sequentially arranged on the circuit board at preset intervals and are all positioned in the transmission range of the optical window; when the blood multi-parameter monitoring device is arranged on the blood circulation pipeline or the flow cell through the groove, the parameter monitoring unit is closely attached to the blood circulation pipeline or the flow cell;
the main control unit is in communication connection with the ECMO host through the communication module; the power supply module is connected with the main control unit through a power supply voltage stabilizing circuit; the main control unit is connected with the first light source and the second light source respectively through the adjustable constant current source driving circuit; the first photoelectric detector and the second photoelectric detector are respectively connected with the main control unit through the signal amplification detection circuit; the main control unit is connected with the infrared temperature sensor through the temperature sensor circuit.
Optionally, the wavelength of the light emitted by the first light source is one or more of 1300nm, 950nm, 940nm, 850nm, 805nm, and 810 nm.
Optionally, the wavelength of the light emitted by the second light source is one or more of 650nm, 660nm, 760nm, and 850 nm.
Optionally, a communication protocol between the blood multi-parameter monitoring device and the ECMO host comprises RS232, RS485 and CAN.
A blood multi-parameter monitoring method for ECMO, based on the blood multi-parameter monitoring device; the blood multi-parameter monitoring method comprises the following steps:
the main control unit controls the first photoelectric detector and the second photoelectric detector to respectively acquire the light intensity signal I amplified by the signal amplification detection circuit under the condition that the first light source and the second light source are turned off b1 And I b2 ；
The main control unit sequentially controls the first light source and the second light source to be lightened and acquires the first light source at the same time of lighteningThe light intensity signal I amplified by the signal amplifying and detecting circuit is passed through by a photoelectric detector and a second photoelectric detector 1 And I 2 ；
According to the light intensity signal I b1 、I b2 、I 1 And I 2 Calculating the intensity component I affected by blood d1 And I d2 ；
The main control unit controls the infrared temperature sensor to respectively detect the self environment temperature T through the temperature sensor circuit a And window temperature T o ；
According to the ambient temperature T a And window temperature T o Calculating the blood temperature T b ；
According to the light intensity component I d1 And I d2 Ambient temperature T a Calculating blood index data; the blood index data includes blood oxygen saturation SaO2, hematocrit HCT, and hemoglobin Hb;
the main control unit transmits the blood index data to the ECMO host for control and display through a communication protocol.
Optionally, the signal I is based on the light intensity b1 、I b2 、I 1 And I 2 Calculating the intensity component I affected by blood d1 And I d2 The method specifically comprises the following steps:
using formula I d1 ＝I 1 -I b1 And I d2 ＝I 2 -I b2 Calculating the intensity component I affected by blood d1 And I d2 。
Optionally, according to the ambient temperature T a And window temperature T o Calculating the blood temperature T b The method specifically comprises the following steps:
acquiring a plurality of environmental temperatures T acquired in advance a Window temperature T o Corresponding blood temperature T b Real data are subjected to curve fitting, and a temperature fitting formula is obtained;
ambient temperature T to be currently detected a And window temperature T o Substituting the data into a temperature fitting formula to calculate the current blood temperature T b Data.
Optionally, the said light intensityComponent I d1 And I d2 Ambient temperature T a Calculating blood index data, specifically including:
acquiring a plurality of light intensity components I acquired in advance d1 、I d2 Ambient temperature T a And corresponding blood oxygen saturation SaO2 real data and performing curve fitting to obtain a blood oxygen saturation fitting formula;
acquiring a plurality of light intensity components I acquired in advance d1 、I d2 Ambient temperature T a And corresponding real data of the hematocrit HCT and performing curve fitting to obtain a hematocrit fitting formula;
the currently detected light intensity component I d1 、I d2 And ambient temperature T a Substituting the data into a blood oxygen saturation fitting formula and a hematocrit fitting formula respectively, and calculating to obtain current blood oxygen saturation SaO2 and hematocrit HCT data;
the current hematocrit HCT data is multiplied by a preset average hemoglobin concentration of the red blood cells, and the current hemoglobin Hb data is calculated.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention provides a blood multi-parameter monitoring device and a method for ECMO, wherein the blood multi-parameter monitoring device comprises: a housing and a circuit board disposed within the housing; the circuit board is connected with the ECMO host computer through a communication cable and a connector; the circuit board is provided with a parameter monitoring unit, a main control unit, a communication module, a power supply voltage stabilizing circuit, an adjustable constant current source driving circuit, a signal amplifying and detecting circuit and a temperature sensor circuit; the parameter monitoring unit comprises a first light source, a second light source, a first photoelectric detector, a second photoelectric detector and an infrared temperature sensor. The blood multi-parameter monitoring device and the blood multi-parameter monitoring method are more suitable for ECMO application scenes, and are high in integration level and low in complexity aiming at blood circulation pipeline design; the device and the method can be used for completing real-time continuous monitoring of multi-parameter data such as blood oxygen saturation, hematocrit, hemoglobin content, blood temperature and the like, and can realize higher detection precision.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a blood multi-parameter monitoring device for ECMO according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic circuit connection diagram of the blood multi-parameter monitoring device for ECMO according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide a blood multi-parameter monitoring device and method for ECMO, which can be used for accurately monitoring multiple parameters of blood oxygen saturation, hematocrit, hemoglobin content and blood temperature in real time and continuously with low operation complexity.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
The structure of the blood multi-parameter monitoring device for ECMO is shown in fig. 1, and referring to fig. 1, the blood multi-parameter monitoring device specifically comprises: the housing 1 and the circuit board 3 provided in the housing 1. The circuit board 3 is connected to an ECMO host (not shown) via a communication cable and connector 9. The blood multi-parameter monitoring device is connected to the ECMO host through a cable to work, and CAN also be connected with other devices conforming to the communication protocol, wherein the connection mode of the blood multi-parameter monitoring device comprises but is not limited to RS232, RS485, CAN and the like. The circuit board is provided with a parameter monitoring unit, a main control unit, a communication module, a power voltage stabilizing circuit, an adjustable constant current source driving circuit, a signal amplifying and detecting circuit and a temperature sensor circuit. The parameter monitoring unit comprises a first light source 5, a second light source 8, a first photodetector 6, a second photodetector 7 and an infrared temperature sensor 4.
The blood multi-parameter monitoring device can directly clamp a blood circulation pipeline and also can work by being matched with a flow cell connected in series in the blood circulation pipeline. The invention relates to a blood multi-parameter monitoring device which monitors blood indexes in ECMO or extracorporeal circulation blood pipelines, and generally has two connection modes, namely, the device is provided with a groove matched with the blood circulation pipeline in size at the top and a cover, when the pipeline is plugged into the groove, the pipeline can be clamped by the cover, and the blood indexes can be monitored through a light-transmitting window in a shell groove; secondly, the blood circulation pipeline is cut off, two ends of a pipe with a specific shape are connected with the disconnected pipeline, namely, a flow cell is connected in series in the blood circulation pipeline, the shape and the size of a groove of the shell of the detection device are designed to be matched with the flow cell, the installation is tighter, and the detection is carried out through an optical window in the groove on the basis.
Specifically, a groove matched with the blood circulation pipeline or the size of the flow cell 2 connected in series with the blood circulation pipeline is formed in the top of the shell 1, and an optical window is formed in the groove. As shown in fig. 1, the infrared temperature sensor 4, the first light source 5, the first photodetector 6, the second photodetector 7 and the second light source 8 are sequentially arranged on the circuit board 3 at a preset interval, and are all located in the transmission range of the optical window. When the blood multi-parameter monitoring device is installed on a blood circulation pipeline or a flow cell through the groove, the parameter monitoring unit is closely attached to the blood circulation pipeline or the flow cell. That is, the light emitted by the light source can be irradiated to the blood circulation pipeline or the flow cell 2 through the optical window, the light scattered by the blood circulation pipeline or the flow cell 2 can also be received by the photoelectric detector through the optical window, and the infrared temperature sensor 4 can detect the self environment temperature T a The window temperature T received through the optical window can also be obtained by infrared radiation o 。
As shown in fig. 2, the main control unit is in communication connection with the ECMO host via the communication module; the power supply module is connected with the main control unit through a power supply voltage stabilizing circuit; the main control unit is connected with the first light source and the second light source respectively through the adjustable constant current source driving circuit; the first photoelectric detector and the second photoelectric detector are respectively connected with the main control unit through the signal amplification detection circuit; the main control unit is connected with the infrared temperature sensor through the temperature sensor circuit.
The working process of the blood multi-parameter monitoring device is as follows:
(1) The blood multi-parameter monitoring device consists of a shell 1, a circuit board 3, an infrared temperature sensor 4, a first light source 5, a first photoelectric detector 6, a second photoelectric detector 7, a second light source 8, a cable, a connector 9 and the like, and is matched with an ECMO blood circulation pipeline or a flow cell 2 matched with the structure of the device for operation; the device is powered by a power line in the cable 9, and the device starts working after power-on;
(2) The device is arranged on a blood circulation tank or a blood circulation pipeline, and an infrared temperature sensor 4, a first light source 5, a first photoelectric detector 6, a second photoelectric detector 7 and a second light source 8 are arranged at smaller device intervals and are closely attached to the blood circulation pipeline or the blood circulation tank 2; the circuit board 3 is provided with a main control unit, an adjustable constant current source driving circuit, a signal amplification detection circuit, a temperature sensor circuit, a communication module, a power supply voltage stabilizing circuit and other structures; parameters corresponding to two modes of an ECMO circulating pipeline and a flow cell are preset in a main control unit of the device, and different working modes can be switched through a software communication protocol;
(3) The main control unit sequentially controls the first light source 5 and the second light source 8 to be lightened, and obtains the signal intensity I of the first photoelectric detector 6 and the second photoelectric detector 7 amplified by the signal amplification detection circuit when the corresponding light sources are lightened 1 、I 2 Namely, the first photodetector 6 works when the first light source 5 is lighted, and the second photodetector 7 works when the second light source 8 is lighted; setting exposure time interval (on) between light sourcesUsually of the order of 100 us), preventing mutual interference between the light sources; the first light source 5 is an LED or LD with wavelengths including, but not limited to, 1300nm, 950nm, 940nm, 850nm, 805nm, etc., and may be a single light source or a combination of multiple light sources, mainly used for detecting the change of the hematocrit HCT; the second light source 8 is an LED or LD with wavelengths including but not limited to 650nm, 660nm, 760nm, 850nm, etc., and may be a single light source or a combination of multiple light sources, mainly used for detecting the change of the blood oxygen saturation SaO 2; the first photodetector 6 is used for detecting the scattered light intensity of the first light source 5, and the second photodetector 7 is used for detecting the scattered light intensity of the second light source 8;
(4) The main control unit controls the first light source 5 and the second light source 8 again to acquire the signal intensity I of the first photoelectric detector 6 and the second photoelectric detector 7 amplified by the signal amplification detection circuit under the condition of being closed b1 、I b2 To obtain the ambient background light intensity, through I d1 ＝I 1 -I b1 、I d2 ＝I 2 -I b2 Can shield the influence of background light and obtain the light intensity component I mainly influenced by blood d1 、I d2 ；
(5) The window temperature T is then read by the infrared temperature sensor 4 o And ambient temperature T a The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The infrared temperature sensor 4 collects temperature mainly by receiving electromagnetic radiation of 2-14 μm infrared wavelength; wherein the infrared temperature sensor 4 can acquire the ambient temperature T a The temperature T received by the sensor window can be obtained through infrared radiation o The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Due to window temperature T o Contains the heat radiation information of the blood, the housing 1, the blood circulation line or the flow cell 2, and is not equal to the blood temperature T b The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the By collecting temperature data T of the infrared temperature sensor 4 under different environments and blood temperatures a 、T o And blood true temperature data T b Fitting the temperature data by smoothing and interpolation calculation to obtain a temperature fitting formula, thereby calculating an arbitrary measurement range T a 、T o Internal corresponding blood temperature T b ；
(6) Using T o 、T a Calculating the blood temperature T by pre-calibrating parameters b The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the By T o 、T a Calculate T b Only the T acquired by the current infrared temperature sensor 4 is needed o 、T a Substituting into a temperature fitting formula, similar to T b ＝a*T o +b*T a +c, the current blood temperature T can be calculated b The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein the parameters a, b, c are calibrated in advance by measuring the true T a plurality of times o 、T a And T b And performing smoothing and interpolation calculation to obtain;
(7) Use I d1 、I d2 And T a Calculating blood index data such as blood oxygen saturation SaO2, hematocrit HCT, hemoglobin Hb and the like; and T is b Is similar to the calculation of (1), and is to collect different I d1 、I d2 、T a Performing parameter fitting on SaO2 and HCT to obtain a fitting formula of the oxygen saturation degree and a fitting formula of the hematocrit; in real-time continuous multi-parameter monitoring, only the currently acquired I is needed d1 、I d2 、T a Substituting the data into a blood oxygen saturation fitting formula and a hematocrit fitting formula respectively to obtain real-time SaO2 and HCT data; hb is directly calculated from HCT (mean hemoglobin concentration of red blood cells, default to 0.34), in g/dl;
(8) Finally, the main control unit calculates the calculated blood oxygen saturation SaO2, the hematocrit HCT, the hemoglobin Hb and the blood temperature T through a communication protocol b The data is transferred to the ECMO host for control and display by the ECMO host.
The blood multi-parameter monitoring device is a real-time, continuous and multi-parameter monitoring device, the structure of the device is designed according to the structures of a blood circulation pipeline and a flow cell, the integration level is high, the operation complexity is low, the real-time and continuous detection of a plurality of blood index parameters such as blood oxygen saturation, hematocrit, hemoglobin content, blood temperature and the like in an ECMO system can be realized, and the device has higher measurement accuracy.
Based on the blood multi-parameter monitoring device, the invention also provides a blood multi-parameter monitoring method for ECMO, which comprises the following steps:
s1: the main control unit controls the first photoelectric detector 6 and the second photoelectric detector 7 to respectively acquire the light intensity signal I amplified by the signal amplification detection circuit under the condition that the first light source 5 and the second light source 8 are turned off b1 And I b2 。
S2: the main control unit sequentially controls the first light source 5 and the second light source 8 to be lightened, and simultaneously obtains the light intensity signals I amplified by the signal amplification detection circuit of the first photoelectric detector 6 and the second photoelectric detector 7 when the first light source 5 and the second light source 8 are lightened 1 And I 2 。
Light intensity data I collected by photoelectric detector due to calculation of blood index 1 、I 2 Highly sensitive, and its data is affected by device mounting distance, height, angle, and light source device uniformity. Therefore, in the circuit board 3, the current of the adjustable constant current source driving circuit can be adjusted to adapt to the light intensity requirements under different virtual light paths. After the device is assembled, the same optical imitation body is installed at the same position with the device, and the current of the adjustable constant current source driving circuit on the circuit board 3 is adjusted according to the intensity of light received by the photoelectric detector to improve the consistency problem of assembly and device self-characteristics.
Wherein the same optical imitation refers to an object having similar optical properties as blood. Compared with blood, the optical imitation is more stable and easier to use and store; the device herein is intended to provide the same light intensity decay factor for different individuals to calibrate the differences between different individuals to ensure that more accurate data can be obtained using the same algorithms and parameters.
The light emitting device (the first light source 5 and the second light source 8 in the present invention) and the light intensity monitoring device (the first photodetector 6 and the second photodetector 7 in the present invention) are difficult to optically ensure good consistency even if the light emitting device is a same batch of goods source in a large factory; in addition, the device has different light intensity data under the control of the same software parameters. The invention improves the consistency of different individuals by adjusting the current of the adjustable constant current source driving circuit through the optical imitation body, and can improve the data accuracy.
The wavelength of the light emitted by the first light source 5 includes, but is not limited to 1300nm, 950nm, 940nm, 850nm, 805nm and 810nm, and may be a single wavelength light source or a combination of the above wavelengths. The wavelength of the light emitted by the second light source 8 includes, but is not limited to, 650nm, 660nm, 760nm and 850nm, and may be a single wavelength light source or a combination of the above wavelengths.
The difference of the light intensity data is larger because of the different scattering and reflecting capacities of blood with different oxygenation degrees such as artery and vein. In order to realize smaller signal-to-noise ratio in a proper dynamic range, the adjustable constant current source driving circuit can be controlled to linearly and simultaneously adjust the light intensity of each group of light sources when the device works, so that better signal-to-noise ratio data can be obtained near the SaO2 and HCT measurement boundary while a larger measurement range is obtained.
SaO2, HCT and T of different blood a The light intensity variation range of each group is large; the magnitude of the signal background noise is fixed, the stronger the signal is, the higher the signal-to-noise ratio is, and conversely, when the light intensity is particularly weak due to the change of the blood index, the signal-to-noise ratio becomes very low; similarly, when the intensity of the blood is particularly strong, the measurement range is also exceeded unless the dynamic range monitored by the circuit is sacrificed. Therefore, according to the linear characteristic of the constant current source circuit, the driving current and the light intensity of the adjustable constant current source driving circuit can be increased when the light intensity is extremely weak, and then the signal data can be scaled in equal proportion on the basis of the data with high signal to noise ratio, so that the data with high signal to noise ratio corresponding to the low light source can be obtained. The same applies in the reverse direction.
S3: according to the light intensity signal I b1 、I b2 、I 1 And I 2 Calculating the intensity component I affected by blood d1 And I d2 。
Specifically, formula I is employed d1 ＝I 1 -I b1 And I d2 ＝I 2 -I b2 Calculating the intensity component I affected by blood d1 And I d2 。
S4: the main control unit controls the infrared temperature sensors to detect respectively through the temperature sensor circuitMeasuring self-ambient temperature T a And window temperature T o 。
The change of the light intensity data is affected by the temperature change, mainly from the energy consumption of a blood circulation pipeline or a flow cell and an electronic device, the change of the environmental temperature and the like, and the measurement accuracy is affected by the temperature gradient when the device is in thermal equilibrium. Wherein the electronic device works with limited self-heating, and the infrared temperature sensor is positioned in the device because the whole device is smaller, so the T of the infrared temperature sensor a Is the superposition of the heating of the device and the ambient temperature, and the T of the position of the infrared temperature sensor a Just the operating environment temperature of light sources and photodetectors with similar locations and structures can be described. By collecting the sensor data of the photoelectric detector under different environments and blood temperatures, the T in any measuring range can be calculated and compensated through smoothing and interpolation calculation a Corresponding light intensity data.
T within normal use range according to device characteristics a The effect on the light intensity is a linear relationship; by collecting different T' s a The corresponding light intensity compensation formula can be fitted according to the light intensity change, and then different T can be adopted a Compensating for the light intensity.
The blood multi-parameter monitoring method of the invention integrates the ambient temperature T in the index calculation of the blood oxygen saturation and the hematocrit a Is corrected by the correction of (a); the constant current source driving circuit has the function of adjusting the current of the adjustable constant current source driving circuit, and can eliminate consistency problems of devices, assembly and the like; the dynamic range of the light intensity measurement can also be extended according to the current-light intensity linear relationship.
S5: according to the ambient temperature T a And window temperature T o Calculating the blood temperature T b 。
Specifically, a plurality of environmental temperatures T acquired in advance are acquired a Window temperature T o Corresponding blood temperature T b Real data are subjected to curve fitting, and a temperature fitting formula is obtained; ambient temperature T to be currently detected a And window temperature T o Substituting the data into a temperature fitting formula to calculate the current blood temperature T b Data.
S6: according to the light intensity component I d1 And I d2 Ambient temperature T a Calculating blood index data; the blood index data includes blood oxygen saturation SaO2, hematocrit HCT, and hemoglobin Hb.
Specifically, a plurality of light intensity components I acquired in advance are acquired d1 、I d2 Ambient temperature T a And corresponding blood oxygen saturation SaO2 real data and performing curve fitting to obtain a blood oxygen saturation fitting formula; acquiring a plurality of light intensity components I acquired in advance d1 、I d2 Ambient temperature T a And corresponding real data of the hematocrit HCT and performing curve fitting to obtain a hematocrit fitting formula; the currently detected light intensity component I d1 、I d2 And ambient temperature T a Substituting the data into a blood oxygen saturation fitting formula and a hematocrit fitting formula respectively, and calculating to obtain current blood oxygen saturation SaO2 and hematocrit HCT data; the current hematocrit HCT data is then multiplied by 0.34 to calculate the current hemoglobin Hb data.
In addition, under the condition of combination of multiple light sources, the light can be sequentially exposed and detected through the first light source with different wavelengths and the second light source with different wavelengths, and then the corresponding T is combined a And calculating higher-precision blood index data such as blood oxygen saturation, hematocrit, hemoglobin and the like by pre-calibrating parameters by the multiple light sources. For example, the first light source adopts a combined light source of 1300nm and 805nm, and the second light source adopts a single 660nm light source; or the first light source adopts a 950nm and 850nm combined light source, the second light source adopts a 650nm and 760nm combined light source, and the like. Through the compound calculation of multiple light sources, the blood index value can be more accurate and stable.
The light sources with different frequencies have different proportions of sensitivity to the blood oxygen SaO2 and the hematocrit HCT, and in principle, as long as the light sources meet the frequency range listed above, any two light sources with different frequencies can calculate a group of SaO2 and HCT index data; n data can be calculated through pairwise combination, and more accurate monitoring results than single data can be obtained through direct average or weighted average of the N data.
S7: the main control unit transmits the blood index data to the ECMO host for control and display through a communication protocol.
The communication protocol between the blood multi-parameter monitoring device and the ECMO host comprises RS232, RS485, CAN and the like.
The blood multi-parameter monitoring device can dynamically adjust the constant current source driving current, adapt to the calibration light intensity data and eliminate errors caused by consistency, assembly and the like of devices; by utilizing the linear relation between the constant current source driving current and the light intensity, a better light intensity dynamic range can be realized; the device can be matched with blood temperature and single-light-source and multi-light-source fusion calculation, and can realize higher detection precision.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to assist in understanding the methods of the present invention and the core ideas thereof; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A blood multi-parameter monitoring device for ECMO comprising: a housing and a circuit board disposed within the housing; the circuit board is connected with the ECMO host through a communication cable and a connector; the circuit board is provided with a parameter monitoring unit, a main control unit, a communication module, a power supply voltage stabilizing circuit, an adjustable constant current source driving circuit, a signal amplifying and detecting circuit and a temperature sensor circuit; the parameter monitoring unit comprises a first light source, a second light source, a first photoelectric detector, a second photoelectric detector and an infrared temperature sensor;
the top of the shell is provided with a groove matched with the blood circulation pipeline or the size of a flow cell connected in series with the blood circulation pipeline, and the groove is provided with an optical window; the infrared temperature sensor, the first light source, the first photoelectric detector, the second photoelectric detector and the second light source are sequentially arranged on the circuit board at preset intervals and are all positioned in the transmission range of the optical window; when the blood multi-parameter monitoring device is arranged on the blood circulation pipeline or the flow cell through the groove, the parameter monitoring unit is closely attached to the blood circulation pipeline or the flow cell;
the main control unit is in communication connection with the ECMO host through the communication module; the power supply module is connected with the main control unit through a power supply voltage stabilizing circuit; the main control unit is connected with the first light source and the second light source respectively through the adjustable constant current source driving circuit; the first photoelectric detector and the second photoelectric detector are respectively connected with the main control unit through the signal amplification detection circuit; the main control unit is connected with the infrared temperature sensor through the temperature sensor circuit.
2. The blood multi-parameter monitoring device for ECMO of claim 1, wherein the first light source emits light at one or more of 1300nm, 950nm, 940nm, 850nm, 805nm, and 810 nm.
3. The blood multi-parameter monitoring device for ECMO of claim 1, wherein the second light source emits light at one or more of 650nm, 660nm, 760nm, and 850 nm.
4. The blood multi-parameter monitoring device for ECMO of claim 1, wherein the communication protocol between the blood multi-parameter monitoring device and the ECMO host includes RS232, RS485, CAN.
5. A blood multi-parameter monitoring method for ECMO, characterized in that the blood multi-parameter monitoring method is based on the blood multi-parameter monitoring device of claim 1; the blood multi-parameter monitoring method comprises the following steps:
the main control unit controls the first photoelectric detector and the second photoelectric detector to respectively acquire the first photoelectric detectorLight intensity signal I amplified by signal amplification detection circuit under the condition that light source and second light source are turned off b1 And I b2 ；
The main control unit sequentially controls the first light source and the second light source to be lightened, and obtains light intensity signals I amplified by the signal amplifying and detecting circuit of the first photoelectric detector and the second photoelectric detector when the first light source and the second light source are lightened 1 And I 2 ；
According to the light intensity signal I b1 、I b2 、I 1 And I 2 Calculating the intensity component I affected by blood d1 And I d2 ；
The main control unit controls the infrared temperature sensor to respectively detect the self environment temperature T through the temperature sensor circuit a And window temperature T o ；
According to the ambient temperature T a And window temperature T o Calculating the blood temperature T b ；
According to the light intensity component I d1 And I d2 Ambient temperature T a Calculating blood index data; the blood index data includes blood oxygen saturation SaO2, hematocrit HCT, and hemoglobin Hb;
the main control unit transmits the blood index data to the ECMO host for control and display through a communication protocol.
6. The method for monitoring multiple blood parameters for ECMO according to claim 5, wherein said signal I is based on an intensity of light b1 、I b2 、I 1 And I 2 Calculating the intensity component I affected by blood d1 And I d2 The method specifically comprises the following steps:
using formula I d1 ＝I 1 -I b1 And I d2 ＝I 2 -I b2 Calculating the intensity component I affected by blood d1 And I d2 。
7. The method for monitoring multiple blood parameters for ECMO according to claim 5, wherein said temperature T is based on ambient temperature a And window temperature T o Calculating the blood temperature T b In particular, theComprising the following steps:
acquiring a plurality of environmental temperatures T acquired in advance a Window temperature T o Corresponding blood temperature T b Real data are subjected to curve fitting, and a temperature fitting formula is obtained;
ambient temperature T to be currently detected a And window temperature T o Substituting the data into a temperature fitting formula to calculate the current blood temperature T b Data.
8. The method for monitoring multiple blood parameters for ECMO according to claim 5, wherein said measuring is based on a light intensity component I d1 And I d2 Ambient temperature T a Calculating blood index data, specifically including:
acquiring a plurality of light intensity components I acquired in advance d1 、I d2 Ambient temperature T a And corresponding blood oxygen saturation SaO2 real data and performing curve fitting to obtain a blood oxygen saturation fitting formula;
acquiring a plurality of light intensity components I acquired in advance d1 、I d2 Ambient temperature T a And corresponding real data of the hematocrit HCT and performing curve fitting to obtain a hematocrit fitting formula;
the currently detected light intensity component I d1 、I d2 And ambient temperature T a Substituting the data into a blood oxygen saturation fitting formula and a hematocrit fitting formula respectively, and calculating to obtain current blood oxygen saturation SaO2 and hematocrit HCT data;
the current hematocrit HCT data is multiplied by a preset average hemoglobin concentration of the red blood cells, and the current hemoglobin Hb data is calculated.
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