CN116631781A - Multimode switchable supercapacitor - Google Patents

Multimode switchable supercapacitor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116631781A
CN116631781A CN202310549310.8A CN202310549310A CN116631781A CN 116631781 A CN116631781 A CN 116631781A CN 202310549310 A CN202310549310 A CN 202310549310A CN 116631781 A CN116631781 A CN 116631781A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
electrode plate
supercapacitor
switchable
capacitor
electrode
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202310549310.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
聂帮帮
王矿兵
齐国臣
王文
张玉东
邱京江
卫荣汉
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Zhengzhou University
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Zhengzhou University
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Priority to CN202310549310.8A priority Critical patent/CN116631781A/en
Publication of CN116631781A publication Critical patent/CN116631781A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/10—Multiple hybrid or EDL capacitors, e.g. arrays or modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/22—Electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/74—Terminals, e.g. extensions of current collectors
    • H01G11/76—Terminals, e.g. extensions of current collectors specially adapted for integration in multiple or stacked hybrid or EDL capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-mode switchable super capacitor, which comprises: the high-energy-density pseudo-capacitor super capacitor comprises a first electrode plate, a second electrode plate and a third electrode plate; a high power density electric double layer supercapacitor comprising the second electrode plate and the third electrode plate; the high power density double electric layer super capacitor and the high energy density pseudo-capacitor super capacitor can be switched. The multimode switchable supercapacitor provided by the embodiment of the invention integrates the double-layer capacitor with high power density and the pseudo-capacitor with high energy density into one capacitor, and realizes the switching of the double-layer capacitor mode with high power density and the pseudo-capacitor mode with high energy density through the switching between the sandwich-structure supercapacitor and the interdigital supercapacitor.

Description

Multimode switchable supercapacitor
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of supercapacitors, and particularly relates to a multimode switchable supercapacitor.
Background
Supercapacitors are a new type of energy storage device that rely on the electric double layer principle or redox reactions to store energy, with performance intermediate to that of conventional capacitors and batteries. Compared with the traditional energy storage device, the super capacitor not only has energy density which is several orders of magnitude higher than that of a physical capacitor, but also has higher power density than that of a battery. In addition, the super capacitor has good robustness and can support high-power charge and discharge and high-current input and output. The super capacitor also has extremely high environmental adaptability in practical application, can be used in the temperature range of-40 ℃ to 70 ℃, and has the cycle service life of tens of thousands times. These excellent properties make supercapacitors one of the best candidates for new generation energy storage devices, and are expected to be widely used in the fields of new energy automobiles, electronic information, wearable devices, artificial intelligence, and the like.
Equation e=0.5 CU according to the energy density calculation of the supercapacitor 2 The parameters affecting the energy density are specific capacitance and operating voltage. The specific capacitance and the working voltage of the super capacitor are mainly influenced by the electrode material and the electrolyte respectively, so that the main research direction of current researchers is focused on the research and the preparation of the electrode material and the electrolyte with high performance. However, although researchers have developed various electrode materials and electrolytes for use in supercapacitors so far, supercapacitors having high power density and high energy density while being generalized have not yet been developed. In view of this, this patent is in addition to new path, from super capacitor structure design angle, combines the practical application condition, has specifically designed a multi-functional switchable super capacitor structure, successfully prepares a kind of high power density and high energy density that has concurrentlySuper capacitor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a multimode switchable supercapacitor.
The multimode switchable supercapacitor of the embodiment of the invention comprises the following components: the high-energy-density pseudo-capacitor super capacitor comprises a first electrode plate, a second electrode plate and a third electrode plate; a high power density electric double layer supercapacitor comprising the second electrode plate and the third electrode plate; the high power density double electric layer super capacitor and the high energy density pseudo-capacitor super capacitor can be switched.
The multimode switchable supercapacitor provided by the embodiment of the invention integrates the double-layer capacitor with high power density and the pseudo-capacitor with high energy density into one capacitor, and realizes the switching of the double-layer capacitor mode with high power density and the pseudo-capacitor mode with high energy density through the switching between the sandwich-structure supercapacitor and the interdigital supercapacitor.
Optionally, the first electrode plate is provided with a first wiring terminal, the second electrode plate is provided with a second wiring terminal, and the third electrode plate is provided with a third wiring terminal.
Optionally, the second electrode plate and the third electrode plate are located on the same plane, and are not in contact and are oppositely arranged.
Optionally, the plane of the second electrode plate and the third electrode plate is coated with electrolyte.
Optionally, the plane where the first electrode plate is located and the planes where the second electrode plate and the third electrode plate are located are parallel to each other and opposite to each other in the vertical direction.
Optionally, electrolyte is filled between the plane of the first electrode plate and the planes of the second electrode plate and the third electrode plate.
Optionally, the electrolyte is an aqueous electrolyte, an organic electrolyte or an ionic electrolyte.
Optionally, the electrode materials of the first electrode plate, the second electrode plate and the third electrode plate are one or a plurality of composite materials of carbon materials, graphene, metal or conductive polymer conductive materials.
Optionally, the first electrode plate is modified and modified with a chemically reactive species.
Optionally, the first electrode plate is an electrode plate formed by at least one polygonal electrode, and the second electrode plate and the third electrode plate are both interdigital electrodes.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the multi-mode switchable super capacitor, the electrode of the super capacitor is modified, so that the super capacitor with high energy density and high power density can be prepared, and a new thought is provided for the research and development of the high-performance super capacitor.
2. The multimode switchable supercapacitor disclosed by the invention can combine the supercapacitor with the sandwich structure with the planar supercapacitor, so that the advantage of convenience in integration of the planar supercapacitor can be brought into play, and the advantage of higher energy density of the supercapacitor with the sandwich structure can be also brought into play.
3. The multi-mode switchable super capacitor disclosed by the invention is simple in structure and convenient to manufacture, can be switched between a high-energy density mode and a high-power density mode according to actual application conditions, has high practical application value, and is very suitable for industrial popularization.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multimode switchable supercapacitor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plot of the voltammetric characteristics of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a constant current charge-discharge test curve of an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1. the device comprises a first electrode plate, 2, a second electrode plate, 3, a third electrode plate, 4, electrolyte, 5, a first wiring terminal, 6, a second wiring terminal, 7 and a third wiring terminal.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the multimode switchable supercapacitor according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the high-energy-density pseudo-capacitor super capacitor comprises a first electrode plate 1, a second electrode plate 2 and a third electrode plate 3; the high power density double electric layer supercapacitor comprises a second electrode plate 2 and a third electrode plate 3; the high power density double layer super capacitor and the high energy density pseudo capacitor super capacitor can be switched.
The high-energy density pseudo-capacitor super capacitor and the high-power density double-electric-layer super capacitor are provided with a second electrode plate 2 and a third electrode plate 3 which are in common, and in the high-power density double-electric-layer super capacitor, the second electrode plate 2 and the third electrode plate 3 are respectively used as one electrode; in the high-energy-density pseudo-capacitor supercapacitor, the second electrode plate 2 and the third electrode plate 3 are combined into one electrode, and the first electrode plate 1 is the other electrode. And through different transitions of the electrodes, the switching between the high-power-density double-electric-layer supercapacitor and the high-energy-density pseudo-capacitor supercapacitor is realized.
The multi-mode switchable super capacitor disclosed by the invention is simple in structure and convenient to manufacture, can be switched between a high-energy density mode and a high-power density mode according to actual application conditions, has high practical application value, and is very suitable for industrial popularization.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the first electrode plate 1 is provided with a first terminal 5, the second electrode plate 2 is provided with a second terminal 6, and the third electrode plate 3 is provided with a third terminal 7. Namely, the first electrode plate 1 is connected to the first terminal 5, the second electrode plate 2 is connected to the second terminal 6, and the third electrode plate 3 is connected to the third terminal 7.
The high power density double electric layer supercapacitor comprises a second electrode plate 2 and a third electrode plate 3; the second electrode plate 2 is one electrode, and the third electrode plate 3 is the other electrode. The second electrode plate 2 and the third electrode plate 3 are positioned on the same plane, are not in contact and are oppositely arranged. The plane of the second electrode plate 2 and the third electrode plate 3 is coated with electrolyte 4, i.e. electrolyte 4 is arranged between the second electrode plate 2 and the third electrode plate 3. The second electrode plate 2 and the third electrode plate 3 are both interdigital electrodes. The high power density double electric layer supercapacitor is an interdigital supercapacitor.
The high-energy-density pseudo-capacitor super capacitor comprises a first electrode plate 1, a second electrode plate 2 and a third electrode plate 3; the second electrode plate 2 and the third electrode plate 3 together form one electrode, and the first electrode plate 1 is the other electrode. The second electrode plate 2 and the third electrode plate 3 are positioned on the same plane, are not in contact and are oppositely arranged. The plane of the second electrode plate 2 and the third electrode plate 3 is coated with an electrolyte 4. The first electrode plate 1 is an electrode plate formed by at least one polygonal electrode, that is, the first electrode plate 1 may be an electrode plate formed by one polygonal electrode or may be an electrode plate formed by a plurality of polygonal electrodes. The first electrode plate 1 is modified and modified with a substance that can undergo a chemical reaction.
The plane of the first electrode plate 1 is parallel to and opposite to the planes of the second electrode plate 2 and the third electrode plate 3 in the vertical direction. Electrolyte 4 is filled between the plane of the first electrode plate 1 and the planes of the second electrode plate 2 and the third electrode plate 3. The high-energy-density pseudo-capacitor super capacitor is a sandwich super capacitor.
The electrolyte 4 is an aqueous electrolyte, an organic electrolyte or an ionic electrolyte.
The electrode materials of the first electrode plate 1, the second electrode plate 2 and the third electrode plate 3 are one or a plurality of composite materials of carbon materials, graphene, metals or conductive polymer conductive materials.
According to the multi-mode switchable super capacitor, switching of two modes is achieved through switching of a wiring mode. When one end of the load is connected with the second wiring end 6 and one end is connected with the third wiring end 7, the load is a high-power density double-layer super capacitor; when one end of the load is connected with the first terminal 5, and one end is connected with the second terminal 6 and the third terminal 7, the pseudo-capacitor super-capacitor with high energy density is formed.
Examples
The first electrode plate 1 is a square electrode, and the second electrode plate 2 and the third electrode plate 3 are interdigital electrodes.
In the embodiment, the laser-induced graphene is used as the electrode of the supercapacitor, and PVA/H is used 3 PO 4 As an electrolyte. Firstly, the designed electrode pattern is transferred into a laser engraving system, and the PI film is induced by the laser of the laser engraving system to form square and interdigital graphene electrodes. Subsequently, the square electrode was immersed in KMnO 4 And methanol, and depositing MnO 2 And taking out and drying the nano particles. PVA/H is then added 3 PO 4 And (3) the electrolyte is dripped on the two prepared electrodes, drying is carried out for 2 hours in a 35 ℃ oven, then a small amount of electrolyte is coated on the square electrode, the interdigital electrode is stuck on the square electrode, and drying is carried out for 2 hours in the 35 ℃ oven, so that the graphene multifunctional switchable supercapacitor is obtained.
The voltammetric characteristic scan rate of this example was 100mV/s, and the results are shown in FIG. 2. It is apparent that sandwich-type supercapacitors (i.e., high energy density pseudocapacitance supercapacitors) have a larger CV area compared to interdigital supercapacitors (i.e., high power density double layer supercapacitors), which is mainly related to the sandwich structure having a larger electrode active area and the modified modification of square electrodes. The difference of the volt-ampere characteristic curves of the super capacitors with the two structures shows that the invention has good practical switching conditions.
The constant current charge-discharge current density of this example was 0.4mAcm -2 The results are shown in FIG. 3. As can be seen from the figure, the charge-discharge time of the sandwich-type supercapacitor is about 7 times longer than that of the interdigital supercapacitor, mainly because the square electrode is modified in the embodiment, so that the square electrode has oxidation-reduction reaction in the energy storage process, and the square electrode has longer charge-discharge time and higher energy density than the interdigital supercapacitor.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may be in communication with each other; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
For purposes of this disclosure, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "a particular example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
While the above embodiments have been shown and described, it should be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives, and variations of the above embodiments may be made by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A multimode switchable supercapacitor, comprising:
the high-energy-density pseudo-capacitor super capacitor comprises a first electrode plate, a second electrode plate and a third electrode plate;
a high power density electric double layer supercapacitor comprising the second electrode plate and the third electrode plate;
the high power density double electric layer super capacitor and the high energy density pseudo-capacitor super capacitor can be switched.
2. The multimode switchable supercapacitor of claim 1, wherein the first electrode plate has a first terminal, the second electrode plate has a second terminal, and the third electrode plate has a third terminal.
3. The multimode switchable supercapacitor of claim 1, wherein the second electrode plate and the third electrode plate are in the same plane, and are not in contact and are disposed opposite each other.
4. A multi-mode switchable supercapacitor according to claim 3 wherein the plane of the second and third electrode plates is coated with electrolyte.
5. The multimode switchable supercapacitor of claim 1, wherein the plane of the first electrode plate and the planes of the second electrode plate and the third electrode plate are parallel to and opposite to each other in a vertical direction.
6. The multimode switchable supercapacitor of claim 5, wherein an electrolyte is filled between the plane of the first electrode plate and the planes of the second and third electrode plates.
7. The multimode switchable supercapacitor of claim 4 or 6, wherein the electrolyte is an aqueous electrolyte, an organic electrolyte or an ionic electrolyte.
8. The multi-mode switchable supercapacitor of claim 1, wherein the electrode materials of the first electrode plate, the second electrode plate and the third electrode plate are one or more of carbon material, graphene, metal or conductive polymer conductive material.
9. The multimode switchable supercapacitor of claim 1, wherein the first electrode plate is modified and modified with a chemically reactive species.
10. The multimode switchable supercapacitor of claim 1, wherein the first electrode plate is an electrode plate comprising at least one polygonal electrode, and the second electrode plate and the third electrode plate are interdigitated electrodes.
CN202310549310.8A 2023-05-16 2023-05-16 Multimode switchable supercapacitor Pending CN116631781A (en)

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Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310549310.8A CN116631781A (en) 2023-05-16 2023-05-16 Multimode switchable supercapacitor

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN116631781A true CN116631781A (en) 2023-08-22

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Country Status (1)

Country Link
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