CN116626171A

CN116626171A - Acoustic emission signal detection system, acoustic emission signal detection method and fault diagnosis equipment

Info

Publication number: CN116626171A
Application number: CN202310911115.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王钰琪; 王铉皓; 施钧辉; 钟亮; 任丹阳; 高大
Original assignee: Zhejiang Lab
Current assignee: Zhejiang Lab
Priority date: 2023-07-24
Filing date: 2023-07-24
Publication date: 2023-08-22
Anticipated expiration: 2043-07-24
Also published as: CN116626171B

Abstract

The application provides an acoustic emission signal detection system, an acoustic emission signal detection method and fault diagnosis equipment. The acoustic emission signal detection system comprises an acoustic emission sensor array, a signal separation circuit, a gain selection circuit, an analog-to-digital conversion circuit and a signal processing circuit. The acoustic emission sensor array comprises at least one acoustic emission sensor, wherein the acoustic emission sensor is used for acquiring acoustic emission signals, converting the acoustic emission signals into electric signals, amplifying the electric signals, outputting first electric signals through a first gain output end respectively, and outputting second electric signals through a second gain output end. The signal separation circuit is used for separating the first electric signal. The gain selection circuit is used for receiving the first electric signal and the second electric signal respectively so as to select one of the first electric signal and the second electric signal to output. The analog-to-digital conversion circuit is used for converting analog quantity of the first electric signal or the second electric signal into digital quantity. The signal processing circuit is used for receiving and processing the first electric signal and the second electric signal of the digital quantity. And the dynamic detection range is improved.

Description

Acoustic emission signal detection system, acoustic emission signal detection method and fault diagnosis equipment

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of acoustic emission, in particular to an acoustic emission signal detection system and method and fault diagnosis equipment.

Background

The phenomenon that the material generates transient elastic waves due to the fact that internal stress concentrates and energy is quickly released is called acoustic emission, so that acoustic emission detection can be applied to detection scenes such as researching material stress change and evaluating structural integrity, is a passive nondestructive detection means, does not need external excitation compared with other nondestructive detection modes, can detect early damage inside the material, and is very sensitive to defects of dynamic growth. In the related art, in the process of performing positioning detection on the growth position of a material defect by using an acoustic emission technology, the dynamic range of a detectable signal is limited.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides an acoustic emission signal detection system capable of improving the dynamic detection range of a signal, a method thereof and fault diagnosis equipment.

The application provides an acoustic emission signal detection system, comprising:

the acoustic emission sensor array comprises at least one acoustic emission sensor, wherein the acoustic emission sensor comprises a first gain output end and a second gain output end, and the acoustic emission sensor is used for acquiring acoustic emission signals, converting the acoustic emission signals into electric signals and amplifying the electric signals, outputting first electric signals through the first gain output end respectively, and outputting second electric signals through the second gain output end; wherein the amplitude of the first electrical signal is less than the amplitude of the second electrical signal;

The signal separation circuit is connected with the acoustic emission sensor through the first gain output end; the signal separation circuit is used for separating the first electric signal and outputting the first electric signal;

the gain selection circuit is connected with the signal separation circuit and is connected with the acoustic emission sensor through the second gain output end; the gain selection circuit is used for respectively receiving the first electric signal and the second electric signal to select one of the first electric signal and the second electric signal to output;

the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is connected with the gain selection circuit; the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is used for converting the analog quantity of the first electric signal or the second electric signal into digital quantity and outputting the digital quantity; a kind of electronic device with high-pressure air-conditioning system

And the signal processing circuit is connected with the analog-to-digital conversion circuit and is used for receiving and processing the first electric signal and the second electric signal of the digital quantity.

Optionally, the acoustic emission sensor includes a piezoelectric sheet, a first-stage amplifying circuit connected with the piezoelectric sheet, and a second-stage amplifying circuit connected with the first-stage amplifying circuit, where the first gain output end is connected with the first-stage amplifying circuit, and the second gain output end is connected with the second-stage amplifying circuit; the piezoelectric sheet is used for acquiring the acoustic emission signals and converting the acoustic emission signals into electric signals; the first-stage amplifying circuit is used for amplifying the converted electric signal and outputting the first electric signal through the first gain output end; the second-stage amplifying circuit is used for amplifying the first electric signal and outputting the second electric signal through the second gain output end.

Optionally, the acoustic emission signal detection system further comprises a power circuit; the signal separation circuit comprises a first signal separation circuit; the acoustic emission sensor further comprises a power input end, the power circuit is connected with the power input end through the first signal separation circuit, and the first signal separation circuit is used for separating a direct-current power supply of the power circuit and supplying power to the acoustic emission sensor through the power input end.

Optionally, the signal separation circuit further includes a second signal separation circuit, the first gain output end is connected with the gain selection circuit through the second signal separation circuit, and the second signal separation circuit is configured to obtain the first electrical signal and output the first electrical signal to the gain selection circuit.

Optionally, the power input end and the first gain output end are multiplexed to the same line.

Optionally, the power supply circuit is further connected to the gain selection circuit, the analog-to-digital conversion circuit and the signal processing circuit respectively; the power supply circuit is used for supplying power to the gain selection circuit, the analog-to-digital conversion circuit and the signal processing circuit respectively.

Optionally, the acoustic emission sensor further includes a filter circuit connected to the power input end and the first signal separation circuit, and the filter circuit is used for filtering the dc power supply of the power circuit.

Optionally, the signal processing circuit includes a controller; the gain selection circuit comprises a change-over switch which is connected with the controller, and the controller is used for controlling the change-over switch to select one of the first electric signal and the second electric signal to output.

Optionally, the signal processing circuit further includes a clock circuit, and the clock circuit is used for generating a clock signal; the signal separation circuit comprises a second signal separation circuit; the change-over switch comprises a switch control end, a switch end, a first connecting end and a second connecting end, wherein the controller is connected with the switch control end, the first connecting end is connected with the first gain output end through the second signal separation circuit, the second connecting end is connected with the second gain output end, and the controller is used for controlling the switch control end under the action of a clock signal so that the switch end is alternately switched between the first connecting end and the second connecting end to select one of the first electric signal and the second electric signal to output.

Optionally, the controller is configured to control the switching control terminal to switch the switching terminal to the first connection terminal when each of the clock signals rises, so as to select the first electrical signal to be input to the analog-to-digital conversion circuit; the controller is used for controlling the switching control end when each clock signal falls, so that the switching end is switched to the second connecting end to select the second electric signal to be input to the analog-to-digital conversion circuit.

Optionally, the controller is configured to control the switching control terminal to switch the switching terminal to the second connection terminal when each clock signal rises, so as to select the second electrical signal to be input to the analog-to-digital conversion circuit; the controller is used for controlling the switching control end when each clock signal falls along, so that the switching end is switched to the first connection end to select the first electric signal to be input to the analog-to-digital conversion circuit.

Optionally, the analog-to-digital conversion circuit includes an analog-to-digital converter, the analog-to-digital converter including a plurality of data channels; the plurality of data channels are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of acoustic emission sensors.

Optionally, the acoustic emission sensor array includes a plurality of acoustic emission sensors, and the plurality of acoustic emission sensors are independently and at intervals.

Optionally, the signal processing circuit further includes a clock circuit, and the clock circuit is used for generating a clock signal; the analog-to-digital conversion circuit comprises an analog-to-digital converter, wherein the analog-to-digital converter comprises a plurality of data channels; the plurality of data channels of the analog-to-digital converter synchronously sample the plurality of acoustic emission sensors under the action of the clock signal.

The application also provides fault diagnosis equipment comprising the acoustic emission signal detection system according to any one of the above embodiments.

The application also provides an acoustic emission signal detection method, which is applied to the acoustic emission signal detection system according to any one of the above embodiments, and comprises the following steps:

acquiring an acoustic emission signal through at least one acoustic emission sensor of an acoustic emission sensor array, converting the acoustic emission signal into an electrical signal, amplifying the electrical signal, outputting a first electrical signal through a first gain output end of the acoustic emission sensor, and outputting a second electrical signal through a second gain output end of the acoustic emission sensor; wherein the amplitude of the first electrical signal is less than the amplitude of the second electrical signal;

separating the first electric signal by a signal separation circuit and outputting the first electric signal;

receiving the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal through a gain selection circuit to select one of the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal to output;

converting the analog quantity of the first electric signal or the second electric signal into digital quantity through an analog-to-digital conversion circuit and outputting the digital quantity; a kind of electronic device with high-pressure air-conditioning system

The first and second electrical signals of digital magnitude are received and processed by a signal processing circuit.

Optionally, the acoustic emission sensor includes a piezoelectric sheet, a first-stage amplifying circuit connected with the piezoelectric sheet, and a second-stage amplifying circuit connected with the first-stage amplifying circuit, where the first gain output end is connected with the first-stage amplifying circuit, and the second gain output end is connected with the second-stage amplifying circuit;

the method for obtaining the acoustic emission signal through at least one acoustic emission sensor of the acoustic emission sensor array, converting the acoustic emission signal into an electrical signal, amplifying the electrical signal, outputting a first electrical signal through a first gain output end of the acoustic emission sensor, and outputting a second electrical signal through a second gain output end of the acoustic emission sensor, comprises the following steps:

acquiring the acoustic emission signal through the piezoelectric sheet, and converting the acoustic emission signal into an electrical signal;

amplifying the converted electric signal through the first-stage amplifying circuit and outputting the first electric signal through the first gain output end; a kind of electronic device with high-pressure air-conditioning system

The second-stage amplifying circuit is used for amplifying the first electric signal and outputting the second electric signal through the second gain output end.

Optionally, the signal processing circuit includes a controller; the gain selection circuit comprises a change-over switch which is connected with the controller;

The receiving, by a gain selection circuit, the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal, and selecting one of the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal to output, includes:

the change-over switch is controlled by the controller to select one of the first electric signal and the second electric signal to output.

Optionally, the signal processing circuit further includes a clock circuit, and the clock circuit is used for generating a clock signal; the signal separation circuit comprises a second signal separation circuit; the switching switch comprises a switching control end, a switching end, a first connecting end and a second connecting end, the controller is connected with the switching control end, the first connecting end is connected with the first gain output end through the second signal separation circuit, and the second connecting end is connected with the second gain output end;

the controlling, by the controller, the change-over switch to select one of the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal to output includes:

the controller controls the switching control end under the action of the clock signal, so that the switching end alternately switches between the first connection end and the second connection end, and one of the first electric signal and the second electric signal is selected to be output.

The embodiment of the application provides an acoustic emission signal detection system and a method thereof and fault diagnosis equipment. The acoustic emission sensors in the acoustic emission sensor array of the acoustic emission signal detection system respectively output a first electric signal through a first gain output end and a second electric signal through a second gain output end, so that the gain selection circuit can flexibly select the acoustic emission signals, the purpose of expanding the dynamic detection range of the acoustic emission signals is achieved, and the detection scene adaptability is high.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the application as claimed.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.

FIG. 1 is a system block diagram illustrating one embodiment of an acoustic emission signal detection system of the present application.

FIG. 2 is a system block diagram of the acoustic emission signal detection system of FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a system block diagram illustrating one embodiment of a single gain mode of operation of the acoustic emission signal detection system of FIG. 1.

FIG. 4 is a system block diagram illustrating another embodiment of a single gain mode of operation of the acoustic emission signal detection system of FIG. 1.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the input-output relationship of the switch of the acoustic emission signal detection system shown in fig. 3 and 4 in the single-gain operation mode.

FIG. 6 is a system block diagram illustrating one embodiment of a dual gain mode of operation of the acoustic emission signal detection system of FIG. 1.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating the input/output relationship of the switch of the acoustic emission signal detection system of FIG. 6 in a dual gain mode of operation.

FIG. 8 is a flow chart illustrating the steps of one embodiment of a method for acoustic emission signal detection of the present application.

Fig. 9 is a flowchart illustrating a step S1 of the acoustic emission signal detection method shown in fig. 8.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, the same numbers in different drawings refer to the same or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary examples do not represent all implementations consistent with the application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with aspects of the application as detailed in the accompanying claims.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein should be given the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and in the claims, are not used for any order, quantity, or importance, but are used for distinguishing between different elements. Likewise, the terms "a" or "an" and the like do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one. "plurality" or "plurality" means two or more. Unless otherwise indicated, the terms "front," "rear," "lower," and/or "upper" and the like are merely for convenience of description and are not limited to one location or one spatial orientation. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that elements or items appearing before "comprising" or "comprising" are encompassed by the element or item recited after "comprising" or "comprising" and equivalents thereof, and that other elements or items are not excluded. The terms "connected" or "connected," and the like, are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

The application provides an acoustic emission signal detection system, an acoustic emission signal detection method and fault diagnosis equipment. The acoustic emission signal detection system comprises an acoustic emission sensor array, a signal separation circuit, a gain selection circuit, an analog-to-digital conversion circuit and a signal processing circuit. The acoustic emission sensor array comprises at least one acoustic emission sensor, the acoustic emission sensor comprises a first gain output end and a second gain output end, the acoustic emission sensor is used for acquiring acoustic emission signals, converting the acoustic emission signals into electric signals and amplifying the electric signals, outputting the first electric signals through the first gain output end respectively, and outputting the second electric signals through the second gain output end. Wherein the amplitude of the first electrical signal is smaller than the amplitude of the second electrical signal. The signal separation circuit is connected with the acoustic emission sensor through a first gain output end. The signal separation circuit is used for separating the first electric signal and outputting the first electric signal. The gain selection circuit is connected with the signal separation circuit and is connected with the acoustic emission sensor through a second gain output end. The gain selection circuit is used for receiving the first electric signal and the second electric signal respectively so as to select one of the first electric signal and the second electric signal to output. The analog-to-digital conversion circuit is used for converting the analog quantity of the first electric signal or the second electric signal into the digital quantity and outputting the digital quantity. The signal processing circuit is connected with the analog-to-digital conversion circuit and is used for receiving and processing the first electric signal and the second electric signal of the digital quantity.

The acoustic emission signal detection system and method, and the fault diagnosis apparatus according to the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The features of the examples and embodiments described below may be combined with each other without conflict.

FIG. 1 is a system block diagram illustrating one embodiment of an acoustic emission signal detection system 1 of the present application. As shown in fig. 1, the acoustic emission signal detection system 1 includes an acoustic emission sensor array 11, a signal separation circuit 12, a gain selection circuit 13, an analog-to-digital conversion circuit 14, and a signal processing circuit 15. The acoustic emission sensor array 11 comprises at least one acoustic emission sensor 111. The acoustic emission sensor array 11 comprises one or more acoustic emission sensors 111. The acoustic emission sensor 111 comprises a first gain output 112 and a second gain output 113. The first gain output 112 and the second gain output 113 are independently provided. The first gain output 112 may be a low gain output. The second gain output 113 may be a high gain output. The signal separation circuit 12 is connected to the acoustic emission sensor 111 via a first gain output 112. The gain selection circuit 13 is connected to the signal separation circuit 12 and to the acoustic emission sensor 111 via a second gain output 113. The analog-to-digital conversion circuit 14 is connected to the gain selection circuit 13. The signal processing circuit 15 is connected to the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 14. In the present embodiment, the acoustic emission sensor 111 is connected to the signal separation circuit 12 and the gain selection circuit 13 through two gain output terminals, respectively. The acoustic emission sensor 111 is used for acquiring acoustic emission signals, converting the acoustic emission signals into electrical signals, amplifying the electrical signals, outputting the first electrical signals through the first gain output terminal 112, and outputting the second electrical signals through the second gain output terminal 113, respectively. The signal separation circuit 12 is used for separating and outputting the first electric signal. The gain selection circuit 13 is configured to receive the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal, respectively, to select one of the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal to output. The analog-to-digital conversion circuit 14 is used for converting an analog quantity of the first electric signal or the second electric signal into a digital quantity and outputting the digital quantity. The signal processing circuit 15 is configured to receive and process the first and second electrical signals of digital magnitude. Wherein the amplitude of the first electrical signal is smaller than the amplitude of the second electrical signal.

According to the acoustic emission signal detection system 1 provided by the embodiment of the application, the acoustic emission sensors 111 of the acoustic emission sensor array 11 respectively output the first electric signal through the first gain output end 112 and output the second electric signal through the second gain output end 113, so that the gain selection circuit 13 can flexibly select according to actual requirements, the purpose of expanding the dynamic monitoring range of acoustic emission signals is achieved, and the detection scene adaptability is high.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the acoustic emission sensor array 11 comprises a plurality of acoustic emission sensors 111. The plurality of acoustic emission sensors 111 are provided independently and at intervals. The acoustic emission sensors 111 are independently arranged, and the free deployment of detection points can be performed according to specific application scenes, so that acoustic emission signals of the detection points can be detected simultaneously, the accuracy of the detected acoustic emission signals is high, and fault positioning can be realized by utilizing multi-point detection.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the acoustic emission signal detection system 1 further comprises a power circuit 16. The power supply circuit 16 is also connected to the signal separation circuit 12, the gain selection circuit 13, the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 14, and the signal processing circuit 15, respectively. In the present embodiment, the acoustic emission sensor 111 is connected to the power supply circuit 16 through the signal separation circuit 12. The power supply circuit 16 is used for supplying power to the gain selection circuit 13, the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 14 and the signal processing circuit 15, respectively. And power is supplied to the acoustic emission sensor 111 through the signal separation circuit 12. In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the acoustic emission sensor 111 further comprises a power supply input 114, and the power supply circuit 16 supplies power to the acoustic emission sensor 111 via the power supply input 114 via the signal separation circuit 12.

Fig. 2 is a system block diagram of the acoustic emission signal detection system 1 shown in fig. 1. As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the acoustic emission sensor 111 includes a piezoelectric sheet 115, a first-stage amplification circuit 116 connected to the piezoelectric sheet 115, and a second-stage amplification circuit 117 connected to the first-stage amplification circuit 116. The first gain output 112 is connected to the first stage amplification circuit 116, and the second gain output 113 is connected to the second stage amplification circuit 117. The piezoelectric patch 115 is used to acquire acoustic emission signals and convert the acoustic emission signals into electrical signals. The first stage amplification circuit 116 is configured to amplify the converted electrical signal and output a first electrical signal through the first gain output 112. The second-stage amplification circuit 117 is configured to amplify the first electrical signal and output a second electrical signal through the second gain output terminal 113. In this embodiment, the acoustic emission sensor 111 is integrated with the piezoelectric plate 115, the first-stage amplifying circuit 116 and the second-stage amplifying circuit 117, where the piezoelectric plate 115 can convert extremely weak mechanical vibration into an electrical signal, the first-stage amplifying circuit 116 can amplify the weak electrical signal and output a first electrical signal, and the second-stage amplifying circuit 117 can further amplify the first electrical signal amplified by the first-stage amplifying circuit 116 and output a second electrical signal, and the amplitude of the second electrical signal output by the second-stage amplifying circuit is greater than that of the first electrical signal. In this embodiment, the two-stage amplified acoustic emission signals of the first stage amplifying circuit 116 and the second stage amplifying circuit 117 are subjected to gear selection after passing through the gain selecting circuit 13, the output signal of the gain selecting circuit 13 is output to the analog-to-digital converting circuit 14, the analog-to-digital converting circuit 14 converts the acoustic emission signal from analog quantity to digital quantity, and finally the digital quantity is transmitted to the signal processing circuit for signal processing. The acoustic emission sensor 111 in the acoustic emission sensor array 11 amplifies acoustic emission signals with different multiples through the first-stage amplifying circuit 116 and the second-stage amplifying circuit 117 respectively, so as to output a first electric signal through the first gain output end 112 and output a second electric signal through the second gain output end 113 respectively, so that the gain selection circuit 13 can flexibly perform gain selection, the purpose of expanding the dynamic monitoring range of the acoustic emission signals is achieved, the dynamic monitoring range of the acoustic emission signals is expanded, and the adaptability of detection scenes is improved.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the signal separation circuit 12 includes a first signal separation circuit 121 and a second signal separation circuit 122. In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the power supply circuit 16 is connected to the power supply input 114 via a first signal splitting circuit 121. The first gain output 112 is connected to the gain selection circuit 13 via a second signal separation circuit 122. The first signal separation circuit 121 is used for separating the direct current power supply of the power supply circuit 16 and supplying power to the acoustic emission sensor 111 through the power supply input terminal 114. The second signal separation circuit 122 is configured to acquire the first electrical signal and output the first electrical signal to the gain selection circuit 13. In this embodiment, the first signal separation circuit 121 may be a low-pass circuit. The second signal splitting circuit 122 may be a high pass circuit. The low pass circuit is used to separate the dc power supply to power the internal circuitry of the acoustic emission sensor 111. The high-pass circuit is used for extracting the acoustic emission signal detected by the acoustic emission sensor 111, and outputting the acoustic emission signal to the gain selection circuit 13 through the alternating current signal of the first-stage amplification circuit 116. So configured, the first signal separation circuit 121 not only functions to separate the dc power supply of the power supply circuit 16, but also functions to isolate the acoustic emission signal. The second signal separation circuit 122 functions to separate the first electrical signal.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the power input 114 is multiplexed to the same line as the first gain output 112. In this embodiment, the power supply input 114 and the first gain output 112 are multiplexed to the same phantom line and connected to the gain selection circuit 13 via the phantom line. In this process, the phantom lines may carry both power signals and acoustic emission electrical signals. Through multiplexing same line, the integrated level is high, and reduces the wiring, compact structure. In this embodiment, the second gain output 113 is connected to the gain selection circuit 13 by a single line.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the acoustic emission sensor 111 further comprises a filter circuit 118 connected to the power input 114 and the first signal separation circuit 121, and the filter circuit 118 is configured to filter the dc power of the power circuit 16. In this embodiment, the filter circuit 118 may be a low-pass filter circuit. The low-pass filter circuit not only can carry out low-pass filtering on the externally input direct-current power supply, but also can isolate the first electric signal which is output by the first-stage amplifying circuit 116 and is in the past of alternating-current coupling, and the isolation effect is good.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the signal processing circuit 15 includes a controller 151. The controller 151 may be an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array ) controller. The gain selection circuit 13 includes a changeover switch 131, and is connected to the controller 151. The switch 131 may be an analog switch. The controller 151 is configured to control the changeover switch 131 to select one of the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal to be output. The controller 151 controls the change-over switch to flexibly select different gain output ends so as to realize the change-over of the acoustic emission signals of high and low-grade gains, thereby selecting the output of the first electric signal or the second electric signal, being applicable to acoustic emission signal detection with larger dynamic range and realizing larger space positioning detection range. In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the change-over switch 131 is a single pole double throw switch. In the embodiment, the single-pole double-throw switch is a single-pole double-throw analog switch, can be used in a time-sharing multiplexing mode, and has a large bandwidth and a simple structure. In other embodiments, the switch 131 may be a relay, not limited in the present application.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the switch 131 includes a switching terminal 132, a first connection terminal 133, a second connection terminal 134, and a switching control terminal 135. The switching terminal 132 is a movable terminal, the controller 151 is connected to the switching control terminal 135, the first connection terminal 133 is connected to the first gain output terminal 112 through the second signal separation circuit 122, and the second connection terminal 134 is connected to the second gain output terminal 113. The controller 151 is configured to control the switching control terminal 135 of the switching switch 131 to select the switching terminal 132 to switch to the first connection terminal 133 or the second connection terminal 134, so that one of the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal is output. So configured, the controller 151 can select the switching end 132 to switch to the first connection end 133 or the second connection end 134 by controlling the switching control end 135 of the switching switch 131 according to actual requirements, so as to selectively output the first electric signal or the second electric signal, so that the switching is flexible and the application range is wide.

FIG. 3 is a system block diagram illustrating one embodiment of a single gain mode of operation of the acoustic emission signal detection system 1 of FIG. 1. Fig. 4 is a system block diagram illustrating another embodiment of a single gain mode of operation of the acoustic emission signal detection system 1 of fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the input-output relationship of the switch of the acoustic emission signal detection system 1 shown in fig. 3 and 4 in the single-gain operation mode. In the embodiment shown in fig. 1-5, the acoustic emission signal detection system 1 sets a high gain range to 5 times the low gain range. The controller 151 controls the switching terminal 132 of the switching switch 131 to switch to the second connection terminal 134, so that the second electrical signal 120B (as shown in fig. 5) is output through the second gain output terminal 113, and starts to operate in the high gain operation mode. After monitoring that the peak of the signal output in the high-gain mode is cut off, the controller 151 controls the switching end 132 of the switch 131 to switch to the first connection end 133, and switches from the high-gain operation mode to the low-gain operation mode, so that the first electrical signal 120A (as shown in fig. 5) is output through the first gain output end 112, and thus a complete signal waveform 120C is obtained. In this embodiment, one of the low-gain gear and the high-gain gear can be fixedly selected according to the detection requirement, and the controller 151 does not need to control the switch 131 to switch at high speed at this moment, but only needs to switch to the designated gain gear according to the detection requirement, so that two different gain working modes can be flexibly configured according to the actual application scenario, and the application scenario is wide.

In the application of the acoustic emission signal real-time monitoring, the detection sensitivity of the high-gain stage is high, so that the acoustic emission signal real-time monitoring can be configured into a high-gain stage working mode in the early-stage real-time monitoring to monitor whether defects grow or not, and then in the process of continuously growing the defects, as the signals are enhanced, the peak clipping of the signals can be caused due to the amplitude limiting output of the high gain, the waveform of the signals is incomplete, and the acoustic emission signal real-time monitoring can be switched to a low-gain stage working mode to monitor the signals in real time.

FIG. 6 is a system block diagram illustrating one embodiment of a dual gain mode of operation of the acoustic emission signal detection system 1 of FIG. 1. Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating the input-output relationship of the switch of the acoustic emission signal detection system 1 shown in fig. 6 in the dual-gain operation mode. In the embodiments shown in fig. 1 to 2 and 6 to 7, the signal processing circuit 15 further comprises a clock circuit for generating the clock signal CLK. The controller 151 is configured to control the switching control terminal 135 to alternately switch the switching terminal 132 between the first connection terminal 133 and the second connection terminal 134 under the action of the clock signal CLK, so as to select one of the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal to be output. In this embodiment, the controller 151 is configured to control the switching control terminal 135 under the action of the clock signal CLK, so that the switching terminal 132 alternately switches between the first connection terminal 133 and the second connection terminal 134 in one clock signal period, so that not only the first electrical signal but also the second electrical signal can be output in one clock period. The controller 151 controls the switching control end 135 to alternately switch the switching end 132 between the first connection end 133 and the second connection end 134, so that not only can the switching of different gain gears be selectively realized, but also the switching rhythm of the switching control end 135 can be controlled to enable the gain selection circuit 13 to work in different working modes, thereby solving the problem of single working mode.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 6, the controller 151 is configured to control the switching control terminal 135 to switch the switching terminal 132 to the first connection terminal 133 at a rising edge of each clock signal, so as to select the first electrical signal to be input to the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 14. In some embodiments, the controller 151 is configured to control the switching control terminal 135 at a falling edge of each clock signal, so that the switching terminal 132 is switched to the second connection terminal 134 to select the second electrical signal to be input to the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 14. In this embodiment, the controller 151 controls the switching control terminal 135 at the rising edge of each clock signal, so that the switching terminal 132 is switched to the first connection terminal 133 to select the first electrical signal 130A (as shown in fig. 7) to be output through the first gain output terminal 112. In the present embodiment, the controller 151 controls the switching control terminal 135 at the falling edge of each clock signal, so that the switching terminal 132 is switched to the second connection terminal 134 to select the second electric signal 130B to be output through the second gain output terminal 113. After a number of clock signal cycles, the complete signal waveform 130C is acquired. In other embodiments, the controller 151 is configured to control the switching control terminal 135 at a rising edge of each clock signal, so that the switching terminal 132 is switched to the second connection terminal 134 to select the second electrical signal to be input to the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 14. The controller 151 is configured to control the switching control terminal 135 to switch the switching terminal 132 to the first connection terminal 133 at a rising edge of each clock signal, so as to select the first electrical signal to be input to the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 14. The present application is not limited thereto. So configured, the gain selection of the acoustic emission signal detection system 1 is controlled by the controller 151, and the gain selection is flexible.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 6, the controller 151 controls the switching control end 135 of the switch 131 under the action of the frequency consistent with the clock signal CLK, so that the switching end 132 selectively switches to the first connection end 133 or the second connection end 134 to perform high-speed switching of the gain gear, thereby realizing acquisition of the acoustic emission signals of the two gain gears. In the case where the sampling rate of each gain stage is maintained to be the same as that in the single-gain operation mode, the amount of analog-to-digital converted data in the dual-gain operation mode is twice that in the single-gain operation mode. In the embodiment shown in fig. 7, the controller 151 switches between the first connection terminal 133 and the second connection terminal 134 by controlling the switching terminal 132 of the switching switch 131, and simultaneously acquires waveform signals of two high and low gain stages. In the operation process, the embodiment can select a proper working mode according to the specific application scene of the acoustic emission signal detection system, further flexibly adapt to different acoustic emission detection scenes, have a larger dynamic signal detection range, and have stronger space positioning capability on the position where defect growth occurs.

According to the embodiment, by arranging the two-stage amplifying circuit in the acoustic emission sensor 111 and controlling the switching end 132 of the switching switch 131 to alternately switch between the first connecting end 133 and the second connecting end 134 by the controller 151, different gain values can be set according to the change interval of the acoustic emission signal, and the working mode of the gain selection module can be flexibly configured according to the spatial positioning range of defect growth, so that the application range and the adaptability of detection scenes are improved, the positioning capability of the system to defect growth is improved, the adaptive scene diversity of the detection system is expanded, and the coverage rate of the spatial detection positions is improved. The acoustic emission signal detection system 1 is used as a passive nondestructive detection system, can be applied to the position positioning stage of early damage growth of materials, and has the advantages of low cost, easy realization and sensitive detection.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1-2, the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 14 comprises an analog-to-digital converter 141, the analog-to-digital converter 141 comprising a plurality of data channels. The plurality of data channels are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of acoustic emission sensors 111. In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the plurality of data channels of the analog-to-digital converter 141 synchronously sample the plurality of acoustic emission sensors 111 under the influence of a clock signal. The analog-to-digital conversion circuit 14 is used for realizing quantification of the acoustic emission signals, further facilitating digital signal processing of the later stage, wherein the number of data channels corresponds to the number of acoustic emission sensors, and synchronous sampling is performed among the channels, so that the data reliability of phase analysis among the acoustic emission sensors 111 of the acoustic emission sensor array 11 is ensured. The sampling rate of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 14 is different in different working modes of the gain selection circuit 13, and in the dual-gain working mode, the sampling rate of each channel of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 14 is twice that of the single-gain working mode, so that the consistency of the data length of each channel under each gain is ensured, and the quantized data of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 14 is transmitted to the signal processing circuit 15. The signal processing circuit 15 mainly processes, integrates and analyzes the quantized data of each channel obtained by the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 14.

The present application also provides a fault diagnosis apparatus comprising an acoustic emission signal detection system 1 as shown in the embodiments of fig. 1 to 7 described above. In the field of industrial production and manufacturing, faults and damages of large equipment may cause serious problems such as production interruption, cost rise and potential safety hazard. Therefore, predictive maintenance and health management of these equipment is critical, and large equipment failure prediction systems based on acoustic source signals become an effective solution. According to the application, the acoustic emission signals generated when equipment is damaged are used as the basis of fault prediction and health management, and because the dynamic range of the acoustic emission signals generated when large equipment is damaged is large, if the common acoustic emission probes and the signal acquisition device are required to accurately locate the fault occurrence positions, a sufficient number of acoustic emission probes are required to be arranged to realize acoustic emission signal detection. In the embodiment, the signal detection between the long-distance probes is realized by expanding the dynamic detection range through a two-stage amplifying circuit built in the acoustic emission sensor 111. The fault diagnosis equipment of the embodiment can be used for large equipment in the fields of rail transit, petrochemical energy, wind power generation, aerospace and the like, realizes real-time health monitoring and fault diagnosis of key vulnerable parts such as an engine, a motor, wind power blades, a valve and the like, and provides key guidance for operation and maintenance decision of the large equipment, so that the availability and safety of the equipment are improved, and the maintenance cost is reduced.

FIG. 8 is a flow chart illustrating the steps of one embodiment of the acoustic emission signal detection method of FIG. 1. The acoustic emission signal detection method is applied to the acoustic emission signal detection system 1 shown in the embodiment of fig. 1 to 7. Referring to fig. 1 to 8, the acoustic emission signal detection method includes steps S1 to S5. Wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,

step S1, acquiring an acoustic emission signal through at least one acoustic emission sensor 111 of the acoustic emission sensor array 11, converting the acoustic emission signal into an electrical signal, amplifying the electrical signal, outputting a first electrical signal through a first gain output end 112 of the acoustic emission sensor 111, and outputting a second electrical signal through a second gain output end 113 of the acoustic emission sensor 111; wherein the amplitude of the first electrical signal is smaller than the amplitude of the second electrical signal. Step S2, the first electric signal is separated by the signal separation circuit 12 and outputted. Step S3, receiving the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal through the gain selection circuit 13, so as to select one of the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal for outputting. Step S4, the analog quantity of the first electrical signal or the second electrical signal is converted into the digital quantity by the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 14 and output. Step S5, the first electric signal and the second electric signal of the digital quantity are received and processed by the signal processing circuit 15.

In the present embodiment, the acoustic emission sensor 111 is connected to the signal separation circuit 12 and the gain selection circuit 13 through two gain output terminals, respectively. The acoustic emission sensor 111 is used for acquiring acoustic emission signals, converting the acoustic emission signals into electrical signals, amplifying the electrical signals, outputting the first electrical signals through the first gain output terminal 112, and outputting the second electrical signals through the second gain output terminal 113, respectively. The signal separation circuit 12 is used for separating and outputting the first electric signal. The gain selection circuit 13 is configured to receive the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal, respectively, to select one of the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal to output. The analog-to-digital conversion circuit 14 is used for converting an analog quantity of the first electric signal or the second electric signal into a digital quantity and outputting the digital quantity. The signal processing circuit 15 is configured to receive and process the first and second electrical signals of digital magnitude. Wherein the amplitude of the first electrical signal is smaller than the amplitude of the second electrical signal.

According to the acoustic emission signal detection method, the acoustic emission sensor 111 of the acoustic emission sensor array 11 outputs the first electric signal through the first gain output end 112 and outputs the second electric signal through the second gain output end 113, so that the gain selection circuit 13 can flexibly select according to actual requirements, the purpose of expanding the dynamic monitoring range of the acoustic emission signal is achieved, and the detection scene adaptability is high.

Fig. 9 is a flowchart illustrating a step S1 of the acoustic emission signal detection method shown in fig. 8. As shown in fig. 1 to 9, step S1, acquiring an acoustic emission signal through at least one acoustic emission sensor 111 of the acoustic emission sensor array 11, converting the acoustic emission signal into an electrical signal, amplifying the electrical signal, outputting a first electrical signal through a first gain output terminal 112 of the acoustic emission sensor 111, and outputting a second electrical signal through a second gain output terminal 113 of the acoustic emission sensor 111, includes steps S11 to S13. In step S11, an acoustic emission signal is acquired through the piezoelectric sheet 115, and the acoustic emission signal is converted into an electrical signal. Step S12, the converted electric signal is amplified by the first stage amplifying circuit 116 and the first electric signal is output through the first gain output terminal 112. Step S13 is to amplify the first electrical signal by the second-stage amplifying circuit 117 and output the second electrical signal through the second gain output terminal 113.

In this embodiment, the acoustic emission sensor 111 is integrated with the piezoelectric plate 115, the first-stage amplifying circuit 116 and the second-stage amplifying circuit 117, where the piezoelectric plate 115 can convert extremely weak mechanical vibration into an electrical signal, the first-stage amplifying circuit 116 can amplify the weak electrical signal, output a first electrical signal, the second-stage amplifying circuit 117 can further amplify the first electrical signal amplified by the first-stage amplifying circuit 116, and output a second electrical signal, and the amplification factor of the second-stage amplifying circuit 117 is greater than that of the first-stage amplifying circuit 116, and the amplitude of the second electrical signal output by the second-stage amplifying circuit is greater than that of the first electrical signal. In this embodiment, the two-stage amplified acoustic emission signals of the first stage amplifying circuit 116 and the second stage amplifying circuit 117 are subjected to gear selection after passing through the gain selecting circuit 13, the output signal of the gain selecting circuit 13 is output to the analog-to-digital converting circuit 14, the analog-to-digital converting circuit 14 converts the acoustic emission signal from analog quantity to digital quantity, and finally the digital quantity is transmitted to the signal processing circuit 15 for signal processing.

So configured, the acoustic emission sensors 111 in the acoustic emission sensor array 11 amplify acoustic emission signals with different multiples through the first-stage amplifying circuit 116 and the second-stage amplifying circuit 117, so as to output a first electrical signal through the first gain output end 112 and output a second electrical signal through the second gain output end 113, so that the gain selection circuit 13 flexibly performs gain selection, and the dynamic monitoring range of the acoustic emission signals is enlarged, thereby enlarging the dynamic monitoring range of the acoustic emission signals and improving the adaptability of detection scenes.

In some embodiments, step S3 of receiving the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal through the gain selection circuit 13, and selecting one of the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal to output includes: the changeover switch 131 is controlled by the controller 151 to select one of the first electric signal and the second electric signal to be output. The controller 151 controls the change-over switch to flexibly select different gain output ends so as to realize the change-over of the acoustic emission signals of high and low-grade gains, thereby selecting the output of the first electric signal or the second electric signal, being applicable to acoustic emission signal detection with larger dynamic range and realizing larger space positioning detection range.

In some embodiments, controlling the change-over switch 131 by the controller 151 to select one of the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal to output includes: the switching control terminal 135 is controlled by the controller 151 under the action of the clock signal CLK, so that the switching terminal 132 alternately switches between the first connection terminal 133 and the second connection terminal 134 to select one of the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal to be output. In some embodiments, the controller 151 is configured to control the switching control terminal 135 to switch the switching terminal 132 to the first connection terminal 133 at a rising edge of each clock signal, so as to select the first electrical signal to be input to the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 14. In some embodiments, the controller 151 is configured to control the switching control terminal 135 to switch the switching terminal 132 to the second connection terminal 134 at a falling edge of each clock signal, so as to select the second electrical signal to be input to the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 14. In this embodiment, the controller 151 controls the switching control terminal 135 at the rising edge of each clock signal, so that the switching terminal 132 is switched to the first connection terminal 133 to select the first electrical signal 130A (as shown in fig. 7) to be output through the first gain output terminal 112. In the present embodiment, the controller 151 controls the switching control terminal 135 at the falling edge of each clock signal, so that the switching terminal 132 is switched to the second connection terminal 134 to select the second electric signal 130B to be output through the second gain output terminal 113. After a number of clock signal cycles, the complete signal waveform 130C is acquired.

In other embodiments, the controller 151 is configured to control the switching control terminal 135 to switch the switching terminal 132 to the second connection terminal 134 at a rising edge of each clock signal, so as to select the second electrical signal to be input to the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 14. The controller 151 is configured to control the switching control terminal 135 to switch the switching terminal 132 to the first connection terminal 133 at a rising edge of each clock signal, so as to select the first electrical signal to be input to the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 14. The present application is not limited thereto.

So configured, the gain selection of the acoustic emission signal detection system 1 is controlled by the controller 151. In the application of the acoustic emission signal real-time monitoring, the detection sensitivity of the high-gain stage is high, so that the acoustic emission signal real-time monitoring can be configured into a high-gain stage working mode in the early-stage real-time monitoring to monitor whether defects grow or not, and then in the process of continuously growing the defects, as the signals are enhanced, the peak clipping of the signals can be caused due to the amplitude limiting output of the high gain, the waveform of the signals is incomplete, and the acoustic emission signal real-time monitoring can be switched to a low-gain stage working mode to monitor the signals in real time.

Other embodiments of the application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the application disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the application following, in general, the principles of the application and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the application pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the application being indicated by the following claims. It is to be understood that the application is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown in the drawings, which have been described above, and that various modifications and changes may be effected without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An acoustic emission signal detection system, comprising:

2. The acoustic emission signal detection system of claim 1, wherein the acoustic emission sensor comprises a piezoelectric patch, a first stage amplification circuit connected to the piezoelectric patch, and a second stage amplification circuit connected to the first stage amplification circuit, the first gain output is connected to the first stage amplification circuit, and the second gain output is connected to the second stage amplification circuit; the piezoelectric sheet is used for acquiring the acoustic emission signals and converting the acoustic emission signals into electric signals; the first-stage amplifying circuit is used for amplifying the converted electric signal and outputting the first electric signal through the first gain output end; the second-stage amplifying circuit is used for amplifying the first electric signal and outputting the second electric signal through the second gain output end.

3. The acoustic emission signal detection system of claim 1, further comprising a power circuit; the signal separation circuit comprises a first signal separation circuit; the acoustic emission sensor further comprises a power input end, the power circuit is connected with the power input end through the first signal separation circuit, and the first signal separation circuit is used for separating a direct-current power supply of the power circuit and supplying power to the acoustic emission sensor through the power input end.

4. The acoustic emission signal detection system of claim 3, wherein the signal separation circuit further comprises a second signal separation circuit, the first gain output is connected to the gain selection circuit through the second signal separation circuit, and the second signal separation circuit is configured to obtain the first electrical signal and output the first electrical signal to the gain selection circuit; and/or

The power input end and the first gain output end are multiplexed on the same line; and/or

The power supply circuit is also respectively connected with the gain selection circuit, the analog-to-digital conversion circuit and the signal processing circuit; the power supply circuit is used for respectively supplying power to the gain selection circuit, the analog-to-digital conversion circuit and the signal processing circuit; and/or

The acoustic emission sensor further comprises a filter circuit connected with the power input end and the first signal separation circuit, and the filter circuit is used for filtering a direct-current power supply of the power circuit.

5. The acoustic emission signal detection system of claim 1, wherein the signal processing circuit comprises a controller; the gain selection circuit comprises a change-over switch which is connected with the controller, and the controller is used for controlling the change-over switch to select one of the first electric signal and the second electric signal to output.

6. The acoustic emission signal detection system of claim 5, wherein the signal processing circuit further comprises a clock circuit for generating a clock signal; the signal separation circuit comprises a second signal separation circuit; the change-over switch comprises a switch control end, a switch end, a first connecting end and a second connecting end, wherein the controller is connected with the switch control end, the first connecting end is connected with the first gain output end through the second signal separation circuit, the second connecting end is connected with the second gain output end, and the controller is used for controlling the switch control end under the action of a clock signal so that the switch end is alternately switched between the first connecting end and the second connecting end to select one of the first electric signal and the second electric signal to output.

7. The acoustic emission signal detection system of claim 6, wherein the controller is configured to control the switch control terminal to switch the switch terminal to the first connection terminal upon a rising edge of each of the clock signals to select the first electrical signal to be input to the analog-to-digital conversion circuit; the controller is used for controlling the switching control end when each clock signal falls along, so that the switching end is switched to the second connecting end to select the second electric signal to be input to the analog-to-digital conversion circuit; or (b)

The controller is used for controlling the switching control end when each clock signal rises, so that the switching end is switched to the second connecting end to select the second electric signal to be input to the analog-to-digital conversion circuit; the controller is used for controlling the switching control end when each clock signal falls along, so that the switching end is switched to the first connection end to select the first electric signal to be input to the analog-to-digital conversion circuit.

8. The acoustic emission signal detection system of claim 1, wherein the acoustic emission sensor array comprises a plurality of acoustic emission sensors, the plurality of acoustic emission sensors being independently and spaced apart;

the analog-to-digital conversion circuit comprises an analog-to-digital converter, wherein the analog-to-digital converter comprises a plurality of data channels; the plurality of data channels are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of acoustic emission sensors; and/or

The signal processing circuit further comprises a clock circuit for generating a clock signal; the analog-to-digital conversion circuit comprises an analog-to-digital converter, wherein the analog-to-digital converter comprises a plurality of data channels; the plurality of data channels of the analog-to-digital converter synchronously sample the plurality of acoustic emission sensors under the action of the clock signal.

9. A fault diagnosis apparatus comprising the acoustic emission signal detection system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. An acoustic emission signal detection method, applied to the acoustic emission signal detection system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, the acoustic emission signal detection method comprising:

11. The acoustic emission signal detection method of claim 10, wherein the acoustic emission sensor comprises a piezoelectric plate, a first stage amplifying circuit connected with the piezoelectric plate, and a second stage amplifying circuit connected with the first stage amplifying circuit, the first gain output end is connected with the first stage amplifying circuit, and the second gain output end is connected with the second stage amplifying circuit;

12. The acoustic emission signal detection method of claim 10, wherein the signal processing circuit comprises a controller; the gain selection circuit comprises a change-over switch which is connected with the controller;

13. The acoustic emission signal detection method of claim 12, wherein the signal processing circuit further comprises a clock circuit for generating a clock signal; the signal separation circuit comprises a second signal separation circuit; the switching switch comprises a switching control end, a switching end, a first connecting end and a second connecting end, the controller is connected with the switching control end, the first connecting end is connected with the first gain output end through the second signal separation circuit, and the second connecting end is connected with the second gain output end;