CN116625883A - Experimental device and method for exploring nuclide-colloid cooperative migration rule in pore - Google Patents
Experimental device and method for exploring nuclide-colloid cooperative migration rule in pore Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 127
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 103
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012086 standard solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004255 ion exchange chromatography Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013401 experimental design Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229940092782 bentonite Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;disodium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4] ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002901 radioactive waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940080314 sodium bentonite Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910000280 sodium bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009375 geological disposal Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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Abstract
An experimental device and a method for exploring the nuclide-colloid cooperative migration rule in a pore relate to the fields of environmental engineering and geological science, and comprise a multi-channel nuclide-colloid liquid supply device, a pore-simulating filling column device, an effluent liquid automatic acquisition device and a colloid nuclide filtering and separating device; the multi-channel nuclide-colloid liquid supply device is communicated with the pore-simulating filling column device through a pipeline, and the pore-simulating filling column device is communicated with the effluent liquid automatic acquisition device through a pipeline; the method is characterized in that a mode of changing the type of liquid supply is adopted, the water flow and solute migration process of nuclides in pore media under the condition of existence of colloids are simulated, colloid and nuclide solution in effluent liquid are separated through a centrifugal method, nuclide and colloid concentration in the effluent liquid before and after centrifugal separation are tested and analyzed, and the nuclide-colloid cooperative migration rule is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a research device and a method in the fields of environmental engineering and geology science, in particular to an experimental device and a method for exploring a nuclide-colloid cooperative migration rule in a pore.
Background
As global energy structures are transformed, nuclear energy rapidly evolves. A large amount of radioactive waste is inevitably generated in the process of nuclear energy development and utilization, and safe and effective disposal becomes a key factor for restricting the nuclear energy development and utilization.
Geological disposal is the currently accepted final disposal of radioactive waste in the world. During disposal, nuclides can leach from the waste solidified body into the subterranean environment and migrate with the groundwater.
Meanwhile, a large amount of organic, inorganic and biological colloids exist in the underground environment, and the colloids have strong affinity for nuclides and can be used as carriers for nuclide migration.
At present, some nuclide migration experiment research devices and methods exist at home and abroad, but the devices have the problems of complex experiment operation, poor repeatability, unstable effect and the like. Meanwhile, under the condition that colloid exists, only the macroscopic migration rule of nuclides can be obtained, and the nuclide quality caused by the synergistic migration effect of the colloid cannot be obtained. And the nuclide-colloid cooperative migration experimental device and method are not available, so that the nuclide-colloid cooperative migration mechanism cannot be quantitatively analyzed. Therefore, it is necessary to invent a set of experimental device and method to solve the above problems, so as to facilitate the research of the nuclide-colloid cooperative migration law by researchers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses an experimental device and method for exploring a nuclide-colloid cooperative migration rule in a pore.
The invention researches the cooperative migration rule of nuclides and colloids in the pores by simulating the migration process of nuclides and colloids in the pores.
An experimental device for the cooperative migration rule of nuclides and colloids in pores comprises a multi-channel nuclide-colloid liquid supply device, a filling column device for simulating pores, an effluent liquid automatic acquisition device and a colloid nuclide filtering and separating device; the multi-channel nuclide-colloid liquid supply device is communicated with the pore-simulating filling column device through a pipeline, and the pore-simulating filling column device is communicated with the effluent liquid automatic acquisition device through a pipeline;
the multi-channel nuclide-colloid liquid supply device comprises a nuclide solution, a nuclide solution liquid supply bottle, a nuclide liquid supply valve, a nuclide-colloid solution liquid supply bottle, a nuclide-colloid liquid supply valve, a liquid supply pipe and a peristaltic pump, wherein the nuclide solution liquid supply bottle and the nuclide-colloid solution liquid supply bottle are communicated with the liquid supply pipe through the nuclide liquid supply valve and the nuclide-colloid liquid supply valve, the liquid supply pipe is communicated with a pipeline through the peristaltic pump, the nuclide solution bottle is filled with the nuclide solution, the nuclide-colloid solution bottle is filled with the nuclide-colloid solution, the multi-channel nuclide-colloid liquid supply device can change the liquid supply type according to experimental design by switching the nuclide liquid supply valve and the nuclide-colloid liquid supply valve, and accurately control the liquid supply rate of the solution by adjusting the rotating speed of the peristaltic pump and the compaction degree of the liquid supply pipe according to experimental requirements so as to simulate the actual liquid supply conditions under different conditions;
the effluent automatic collection device comprises an effluent, a sampling pipe and an automatic sample collector, wherein the automatic sample collector is positioned at the lower part of an outlet of a pipeline, the automatic sample collector is provided with a plurality of sampling pipes, the effluent of the pipeline is dripped into the sampling pipe, and the automatic sample collector is provided with an automatic control system, and the flow is monitored in real time through a built-in flow monitoring sensor, so that the automatic collection of the effluent is realized;
the filling column device for simulating the pore medium comprises an adapter, a filling column and a liquid outlet pipe, wherein the filling column is communicated with the liquid supply pipe and the liquid outlet pipe in a pipeline through the adapter;
the colloid nuclide filtering and separating device comprises a rotating speed adjusting button, a centrifuge tube and a rotating speed display screen, the rotating speed of the centrifuge tube can be adjusted through the rotating speed adjusting button, the rotating speed is displayed on the rotating speed display screen, and the separation of nuclides and colloids is realized by setting the rotating speed of the colloid nuclide filtering and separating device based on different centrifugal forces suffered by the nuclides and the colloids in rotation.
The invention provides an experimental method for a nuclide-colloid cooperative migration rule in a pore, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparation of a colloidal solution: a mass of solid was weighed and dispersed in 500 mL ultrapure water. Soaked for three days with 0.5M, 0.1M and 0.01M NaCl solution, respectively. Then centrifuging for 2 min at 2000 rpm at low rotation speed to remove impurity particles, centrifuging for 30 min at 10000 rpm at high rotation speed to obtain a viscous sample, removing supernatant, washing the rest solid with ultrapure water for 3-5 times to remove salt in the system, drying, grinding, and storing at 4deg.C for use;
step 2: preparation of nuclide solution: extracting 20 mL of a nuclide standard solution with the concentration of 1000 ppm, placing the nuclide standard solution into a volumetric flask with the concentration of 1L, adding water to fix the volume, shaking uniformly, and placing into a PE (polyethylene) bottle for later use;
step 3: pore medium device fills: firstly, humidifying rock mineral particles, adopting a water sprinkling or water spraying method to humidify, then filling the humidified mineral particles to a designed height in a layered manner to avoid pores or uneven sedimentation, finally compacting a filling column by a compaction hammer, sealing two sides of the filling column 10 by using water-stopping adhesive tapes, and connecting the water pipes at two sides by using an adapter 9;
step 4: pore medium is saturated by water: opening a nuclide liquid supply valve 3, closing a nuclide-colloid liquid supply valve 5, pumping ultrapure water 24 h into a filling column 10 through a peristaltic pump 8 at a flow rate of 3.6mL/h to remove electrolyte possibly existing in the filling column 10 and remove bubbles in a pore medium to a water saturation state, and judging whether the bubbles in the pore medium are discharged or not according to the standard that 10 sampling pipes 13 are firstly weighed, then collecting effluent liquid 12 with a test tube sampling pipe 13 with a weighed mass every 5 min until ten sampling pipes 13 are collected, weighing the mass of the sampling pipes in turn, comparing the mass difference before and after each sampling pipe 13, and considering that the internal bubbles are discharged when the mass difference of the ten sampling pipes 13 is smaller than 0.1 g;
step 5: nuclide solution injection: changing the ultrapure water solution in the liquid supply bottle 2 to the nuclide solution 1 prepared in the step 2, and continuously pumping the nuclide solution into the liquid supply bottle at a flow rate of 3.6mL/h for 10 h;
step 6: a packed column flushing stage: the nuclide solution 1 at the inlet end is replaced by ultrapure water again, the tracer remained in the pore medium is washed, the residual solution is collected and placed in a sampling tube 13, the concentration of the electrolyte is measured by utilizing ion chromatography, and when no wave crest appears in a measuring curve, the washing is clean;
step 7: nuclide solution collection and test analysis: the whole process is to collect the solution at the outlet of the filling column once every ten minutes through an automatic sample collector 14, test the concentration of nuclides and colloids in the solution by using an inductively coupled plasma spectrometer and an ion chromatograph, and draw a penetration curve;
step 8: nuclide-colloid solution injection: filling the nuclide-colloid solution 4 prepared in the step 1 into a nuclide-colloid solution supply bottle 5, closing a nuclide supply valve 3, opening the nuclide-colloid supply valve 5, and pumping the nuclide-colloid mixed solution 4 into a packed column 10 at a flow rate of 3.6mL/h for 10 h;
step 9: the whole process is to collect the solution filling the outlet of the column once every ten minutes through an automatic sample collector 14, place the effluent 12 collected from the outlet into a centrifuge tube 16, set the rotating speed of 10000 rpm, and centrifuge for 30 min, thereby separating nuclides from colloidal solution;
step 10: nuclide-colloid solution test analysis: separating the supernatant fluid and the colloid particles after centrifugation in the step 9, respectively testing the concentration of nuclides and colloids in the supernatant fluid by using an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer and an ion chromatograph, and drawing a penetration curve to explore the synergistic migration process of the nuclides and the colloids.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. through changing the types of nuclide solution and colloid contained in the liquid supply bottle, the nuclide and colloid cooperative migration process under the conditions of nuclide type and colloid type can be flexibly simulated, the experimental process is high in repeatability, the experimental result is accurate, reliable and stable, and the experimental operation is simple.
2. The colloid with different particle diameters is separated from the nuclide solution based on a centrifugal method, so that the nuclide migration process caused by the synergistic effect of the colloid can be quantified, and scientific researchers can conveniently and deeply explore the nuclide-colloid synergistic migration mechanism.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an experimental apparatus for the synergistic transport of nuclides-colloids in pores;
in the figure: the device comprises an A-multichannel nuclide-colloid liquid supply device, a B-effluent automatic collection device, a C-pore medium simulated filling column device, a D-colloid nuclide centrifugal separation device, an E-pipeline, a 1-nuclide solution, a 2-nuclide solution liquid supply bottle, a 3-nuclide liquid supply valve, a 4-nuclide-colloid solution, a 5-nuclide-colloid solution liquid supply bottle, a 6-nuclide-colloid liquid supply valve, a 7-liquid supply pipe, an 8-peristaltic pump, a 9-adapter, a 10-filling column, an 11-liquid outlet pipe, a 12-effluent, a 13-sampling pipe, a 14-automatic sample collector, a 15-rotating speed adjusting button, a 16-centrifuge tube and a 17-rotating speed display screen.
Detailed Description
As shown in figure 1, the experimental device for the nuclide-colloid cooperative migration rule in the pore comprises a multi-channel nuclide-colloid liquid supply device A, an effluent liquid automatic acquisition device B, a filling column device C for simulating pore medium and a colloid nuclide centrifugal separation device D; the multi-channel nuclide-colloid liquid supply device A is communicated with the filling column device C of the simulated aperture through a pipeline E, and the filling column device C of the simulated aperture is communicated with the effluent liquid automatic acquisition device B through a pipeline E;
the multi-channel nuclide-colloid liquid supply device A comprises a nuclide solution 1, a nuclide solution supply bottle 2, a nuclide liquid supply valve 3, a nuclide-colloid solution 4, a nuclide-colloid solution supply bottle 5, a nuclide-colloid liquid supply valve 6, a liquid supply pipe 7 and a peristaltic pump 8, wherein the nuclide solution supply bottle 2 and the nuclide-colloid solution supply bottle 5 are communicated with the liquid supply pipe 7 through the nuclide liquid supply valve 3 and the nuclide-colloid liquid supply valve 6, the liquid supply pipe 7 is communicated with a pipeline E through the peristaltic pump 8, the nuclide solution 1 is contained in the nuclide solution supply bottle 2, the nuclide-colloid solution 4 is contained in the nuclide-colloid solution supply bottle 5, the device A can change the liquid supply type by switching the nuclide liquid supply valve 3 and the nuclide-colloid liquid supply valve 6 according to experimental design, and the device A can accurately control the liquid supply rate of the solution according to experimental requirements by adjusting the rotating speed of the peristaltic pump 8 and the compaction degree of the liquid supply pipe 7 so as to simulate the actual liquid supply conditions under different conditions;
the effluent automatic collection device B comprises an effluent 12, a sampling tube 13 and an automatic sample collector 14, wherein the automatic sample collector 14 is positioned at the lower part of an outlet of a pipeline E, the automatic sample collector 14 is provided with a plurality of sampling tubes 13, the effluent 12 of the pipeline E is dripped into the sampling tubes 13, and the automatic sample collector 14 is provided with an automatic control system, and the flow is monitored in real time through a built-in flow monitoring sensor, so that the automatic collection of the effluent is realized;
the filling column device C for simulating the pore medium comprises an adapter 9, a filling column 10 and a liquid outlet pipe 11, wherein the filling column 10 is communicated with the liquid supply pipe 7 and the liquid outlet pipe 11 in a pipeline E through the adapter 9;
the colloidal nuclide centrifugal separation device D comprises a rotating speed adjusting button 15, a centrifugal tube 16 and a rotating speed display screen 17, the rotating speed of the centrifugal tube 16 can be adjusted through the rotating speed adjusting button 15, the rotating speed is displayed on the rotating speed display screen 17, and the separation of nuclides and colloids is realized by setting the rotating speed of the colloidal nuclide centrifugal separation device D based on the difference of centrifugal force suffered by the nuclides and the colloids in rotation.
The invention provides an experimental method for a nuclide-colloid cooperative migration rule in a pore, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparation of a colloidal solution: weighing a certain mass of solid, dispersing in 500 mL ultrapure water, respectively soaking in 0.5M, 0.1M and 0.01M NaCl solution for three days, centrifuging at 2000 rpm at low rotation speed for 2 min to remove impurity particles, centrifuging at 10000 rpm at high rotation speed for 30 min to obtain a viscous sample, removing supernatant, washing the rest solid with ultrapure water for 3-5 times to remove salt in the system, drying, grinding, and storing at 4 ℃ for cold storage;
step 2: preparation of nuclide solution: extracting 20 mL of a nuclide standard solution with the concentration of 1000 ppm, placing the nuclide standard solution into a volumetric flask with the concentration of 1L, adding water to fix the volume, shaking uniformly, and placing into a PE (polyethylene) bottle for later use;
step 3: pore medium device fills: firstly, humidifying rock mineral particles, adopting a water sprinkling or water spraying method to humidify, then filling the humidified mineral particles to a designed height in a layered manner to avoid pores or uneven sedimentation, finally compacting a filling column by a compaction hammer, sealing two sides of the filling column 10 by using water-stopping adhesive tapes, and connecting the water pipes at two sides by using an adapter 9;
step 4: pore medium is saturated by water: opening a nuclide liquid supply valve 3, closing a nuclide-colloid liquid supply valve 5, pumping ultrapure water 24 h into a filling column 10 through a peristaltic pump 8 at a flow rate of 3.6mL/h to remove electrolyte possibly existing in the filling column 10 and remove bubbles in a pore medium to a water saturation state, and judging whether the bubbles in the pore medium are discharged or not according to the standard that 10 sampling pipes 13 are firstly weighed, then collecting effluent liquid 12 with a test tube sampling pipe 13 with a weighed mass every 5 min until ten sampling pipes 13 are collected, weighing the mass of the sampling pipes in turn, comparing the mass difference before and after each sampling pipe 13, and considering that the internal bubbles are discharged when the mass difference of the ten sampling pipes 13 is smaller than 0.1 g;
step 5: nuclide solution injection: changing the ultrapure water solution in the nuclide solution supply bottle 2 to the nuclide solution 1 prepared in the step 2, and continuously pumping 10 h at a flow rate of 3.6 mL/h;
step 6: a packed column flushing stage: the nuclide solution 1 at the inlet end is replaced by ultrapure water again, the tracer remained in the pore medium is washed, the residual solution is collected and placed in a sampling tube 13, the concentration of the electrolyte is measured by utilizing ion chromatography, and when no wave crest appears in a measuring curve, the washing is clean;
step 7: nuclide solution collection and test analysis: the whole process is to collect the solution at the outlet of the filling column once every ten minutes through an automatic sample collector 14, test the concentration of nuclides and colloids in the solution by using an inductively coupled plasma spectrometer and an ion chromatograph, and draw a penetration curve;
step 8: nuclide-colloid solution injection: filling the nuclide-colloid solution 4 prepared in the step 1 into a nuclide-colloid solution supply bottle 5, closing a nuclide supply valve 3, opening the nuclide-colloid supply valve 5, and pumping the nuclide-colloid mixed solution 4 into a packed column 10 at a flow rate of 3.6mL/h for 10 h;
step 9: the whole process is to collect the solution filling the outlet of the column once every ten minutes through an automatic sample collector 14, place the effluent 12 collected from the outlet into a centrifuge tube 16, set the rotating speed of 10000 rpm, and centrifuge for 30 min, thereby separating nuclides from colloidal solution;
step 10: nuclide-colloid solution test analysis: separating the supernatant fluid and the colloid particles after centrifugation in the step 9, respectively testing the concentration of nuclides and colloids in the supernatant fluid by using an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer and an ion chromatograph, and drawing a penetration curve to explore the synergistic migration process of the nuclides and the colloids.
The example is an experiment for exploring the cooperative migration rule of nuclide strontium (Sr) and sodium bentonite colloid in granite mineral particles.
100 mg bentonite particles were weighed and dispersed in 500 mL ultrapure water. Soaked for three days with 0.5M, 0.1M and 0.01M NaCl solution, respectively. Then centrifuging for 2 min at 2000 rpm at low speed to remove impurity particles, and centrifuging for 30 min at 10000 rpm at high speed to obtain viscous sample. Finally, removing supernatant fluid, and cleaning the rest bentonite with ultrapure water for 3-5 times to remove salt in the system.
Extracting 20 mL of Sr standard solution with concentration of 1000 ppm, placing the Sr standard solution into a volumetric flask with the concentration of 1L, adding water to fix the volume, shaking uniformly, and placing into a PE bottle for standby.
Crushing granite and screening mineral particles between 20 and 40 meshes in the crushed granite to uniformly fill the packed column 10. Then humidifying granite particles in a sprinkling mode, filling a layer of granite particles every 0.1cm after humidifying, compacting the filling column by using a compaction hammer, sealing two sides of the filling column 10 by using water stop adhesive tapes, and connecting the water stop adhesive tapes with water pipes at two sides through an adapter 9;
the nuclide liquid supply valve 3 is opened, the nuclide-colloid liquid supply valve 5 is closed, and ultrapure water 24 h is pumped into the packed column 10 through the peristaltic pump 8 at a flow rate of 3.6mL/h to remove electrolyte possibly existing in the packed column 10 and remove bubbles in the pore medium so as to enable the electrolyte to reach a water saturation state.
The ultrapure water solution in the nuclide solution supply bottle 2 is replaced by the prepared nuclide solution 1, and the prepared nuclide solution is continuously pumped into the container at a flow rate of 3.6mL/h for 10 h;
the nuclide solution 1 at the inlet end is replaced by ultrapure water again, the tracer remained in the pore medium is washed, the residual solution is collected and placed in a sampling tube 13, the concentration of the electrolyte is measured by utilizing ion chromatography, and when no wave crest appears in a measuring curve, the washing is clean;
the whole experimental process is to collect the solution at the outlet of the filling column once every ten minutes through an automatic sample collector 14, test the concentration of nuclides and colloids in the solution by using an inductively coupled plasma spectrometer and an ion chromatograph, and draw a penetration curve;
filling the prepared nuclide-colloid solution 4 into a nuclide Sr-bentonite colloid solution supply bottle 5, closing a nuclide supply valve 3, opening the nuclide-colloid supply valve 5, and pumping the nuclide Sr-bentonite colloid mixed solution 4 into the packed column 10 at a flow rate of 3.6mL/h for 10 h.
The whole process is to collect the solution filling the outlet of the column once every ten minutes by an automatic sample collector 14, place the effluent 12 collected from the outlet into a centrifuge tube 16, set the rotation speed of 10000 rpm, and centrifuge for 30 min, thereby separating nuclides from colloidal solution.
Separating the supernatant from colloid particles after centrifugation, respectively testing the concentrations of nuclide Sr and sodium bentonite colloid by using an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer and an ion chromatograph, and drawing a penetration curve of Sr in the presence or absence of bentonite colloid so as to explore the synergic migration process of nuclide Sr-bentonite colloid.
Claims (2)
1. Experimental device for exploring nuclide-colloid cooperative migration rule in pore, its characterized in that: comprises a multi-channel nuclide-colloid liquid supply device (A), an effluent liquid automatic acquisition device (B), a filling column device (C) for simulating pore medium and a colloid nuclide centrifugal separation device (D); the multi-channel nuclide-colloid liquid supply device (A) is communicated with the filling column device (C) for simulating pore media through a pipeline (E), and the filling column device (C) for simulating pore media is communicated with the effluent liquid automatic acquisition device (B) through the pipeline (E);
the multi-channel nuclide-colloid liquid supply device (A) comprises a nuclide solution (1), a nuclide solution liquid supply bottle (2), a nuclide liquid supply valve (3), a nuclide-colloid solution (4), a nuclide-colloid solution liquid supply bottle (5), a nuclide-colloid liquid supply valve (6), a liquid supply pipe (7) and a peristaltic pump (8), wherein the nuclide solution liquid supply bottle (2) and the nuclide-colloid solution liquid supply bottle (5) are communicated with the liquid supply pipe (7) through the nuclide liquid supply valve (3) and the nuclide-colloid liquid supply valve (6), the liquid supply pipe (7) is communicated with a pipeline (E) through the peristaltic pump (8), the nuclide solution (1) is contained in the nuclide solution liquid supply bottle (2), the nuclide-colloid solution (4) is contained in the nuclide-colloid solution liquid supply bottle (5), the device (A) can change the liquid supply type through the nuclide liquid supply valve (3) and the nuclide-colloid liquid supply valve (6) according to experimental design, and the device (A) can simulate the different liquid supply conditions under different actual liquid supply speeds by adjusting the rotating speed of the peristaltic pump (8) and the liquid supply pipe (7) according to experimental requirements;
the effluent automatic collection device (B) comprises an effluent (12), a sampling pipe (13) and an automatic sample collector (14), wherein the automatic sample collector (14) is positioned at the lower part of an outlet of a pipeline (E), the automatic sample collector (14) is provided with a plurality of sampling pipes (13), the effluent (12) of the pipeline (E) is dripped into the sampling pipes (13), the automatic sample collector (14) is provided with an automatic control system, and the flow is monitored in real time through a built-in flow monitoring sensor of the automatic control system, so that the automatic collection of the effluent is realized;
the filling column device (C) for simulating the pore medium comprises an adapter (9), a filling column (10) and a liquid outlet pipe (11), wherein the filling column (10) is communicated with the liquid supply pipe (7) and the liquid outlet pipe (11) in a pipeline (E) through the adapter (9);
the colloidal nuclide centrifugal separation device (D) comprises a rotating speed adjusting button (15), a centrifugal tube (16) and a rotating speed display screen (17), the rotating speed of the centrifugal tube (16) can be adjusted through the rotating speed adjusting button (15), the rotating speed is displayed on the rotating speed display screen (17), and the separation of nuclides and colloids is realized by setting the rotating speed of the colloidal nuclide centrifugal separation device (D) based on the difference of centrifugal force of the nuclides and the colloids in rotation.
2. The experimental method of the experimental device for exploring the nuclide-colloid cooperative migration law in pores according to claim 1, wherein the experimental device is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparation of a colloidal solution: weighing a certain mass of solid, dispersing in 500 mL ultrapure water, respectively soaking in 0.5M, 0.1M and 0.01M NaCl solution for three days, centrifuging at 2000 rpm at low rotation speed for 2 min to remove impurity particles, centrifuging at 10000 rpm at high rotation speed for 30 min to obtain a viscous sample, removing supernatant, washing the rest solid with ultrapure water for 3-5 times to remove salt in the system, drying, grinding, and storing at 4 ℃ for cold storage;
step 2: preparation of nuclide solution: extracting 20 mL of nuclide standard solution with the concentration of 1000 ppm, placing the nuclide standard solution into a volumetric flask with the concentration of 1L, adding water to fix the volume, shaking uniformly, and placing into a PE bottle for later use;
step 3: pore medium device fills: firstly, humidifying rock mineral particles, adopting a water sprinkling or water spraying method to humidify, then filling the humidified mineral particles to a designed height in a layered manner to avoid pores or uneven sedimentation, compacting a filling column by a compaction hammer, sealing two sides of the filling column (10) by using water-stopping adhesive tapes, and connecting the water pipes at two sides by using an adapter (9);
step 4: pore medium is saturated by water: opening a nuclide liquid supply valve (3), closing a nuclide-colloid liquid supply valve (5), pumping ultrapure water 24 h into a filling column (10) through a peristaltic pump (8) at a flow rate of 3.6mL/h to remove electrolyte possibly existing in the filling column (10) and remove bubbles in a pore medium to a water saturation state, and judging whether the bubbles in the pore medium are discharged or not according to the standard, namely weighing 10 sampling pipes (13) firstly, then collecting effluent liquid (12) once every 5 min by using a test tube sampling pipe (13) with the weighed mass until ten sampling pipes (13) are collected, weighing the mass of the sampling pipes in turn, comparing the mass difference before and after each sampling pipe (13), and considering that the internal bubbles are discharged when the mass difference of the ten sampling pipes (13) is smaller than 0.1 g;
step 5: nuclide solution injection: changing the ultrapure water solution in the liquid supply bottle (2) to the nuclide solution (1) prepared in the step 2, and continuously pumping 10 h at a flow rate of 3.6 mL/h;
step 6: a packed column flushing stage: the nuclide solution (1) at the inlet end is replaced by ultrapure water again, the tracer remained in the pore medium is washed, the residual solution is collected and placed in a sampling tube (13), the concentration of the electrolyte is measured by utilizing ion chromatography, and when no peak appears in a measuring curve, the washing is clean;
step 7: nuclide solution collection and test analysis: the whole process is to collect the solution at the outlet of the filling column once every ten minutes through an automatic sample collector (14), test the concentration of nuclides and colloids in the solution by using an inductively coupled plasma spectrometer and an ion chromatograph, and draw a penetration curve;
step 8: nuclide-colloid solution injection: filling the nuclide-colloid solution (4) prepared in the step 1 into a nuclide-colloid solution supply bottle (5), closing a nuclide supply valve (3), opening the nuclide-colloid supply valve (5), and pumping the nuclide-colloid mixed solution (4) into a filling column (10) at a flow rate of 3.6mL/h for 10 h;
step 9: the whole process is to collect the solution filling the outlet of the column once every ten minutes through an automatic sample collector (14), place the effluent (12) collected from the outlet into a centrifuge tube (16), set the rotating speed of 10000 rpm, and centrifuge for 30 min, thereby separating nuclides from colloidal solution;
step 10: nuclide-colloid solution test analysis: separating the supernatant fluid and the colloid particles after centrifugation in the step 9, respectively testing the concentration of nuclides and colloids in the supernatant fluid by using an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer and an ion chromatograph, and drawing a penetration curve to explore the synergistic migration process of the nuclides and the colloids.
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