CN116623595A - Physical method for constructing urban internal lake background based on hydrodynamic system - Google Patents
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
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- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
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- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
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Abstract
The invention discloses a physical method for constructing urban internal lake background based on a hydrodynamic system, which belongs to the field of urban internal lake management, and comprises the steps of carrying out overall layout on external river channels and internal lakes according to landforms and using requirements and functional positioning at different stages throughout the year, wherein the overall layout comprises river-lake separation layout and river-lake integrated layout, the river-lake separation layout is adopted in a region with good arrangement conditions, the river-lake integrated layout is adopted in a region with poor arrangement conditions, after the arrangement is completed, a natural lake shore is simulated, the natural lake shore is simulated to be positioned in a round of lakeside area around the internal lake, and the natural lake shore is simulated to comprise ecological water interception shores and plant shallow water areas. The invention has good ecological benefit, regulates the external river and the internal lake according to the topography and the use requirements and functional positioning at different stages throughout the year by the overall layout of the river and the lake, ensures the sufficient water resources of the internal lake and builds the basis of the hydrodynamic system; meanwhile, obvious economic benefits can be brought and good social benefits can be produced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of urban internal lake treatment, and particularly relates to a physical method for constructing urban internal lake background based on a hydrodynamic system.
Background
The research on the water quality guarantee and maintenance system of the urban internal lake is relatively abundant at the present stage, and the research on pollution control, quality improvement, long-acting guarantee and the like of the urban internal lake system also obtains abundant results, and the theoretical construction, technical research and development, engineering practice and the like of the river and lake system also obtain great progress. As an important component of urban civilization and development carrier, the natural landscape of urban river and lake, the water environment and the water ecological system are damaged, and the water pollution control, the water ecological improvement and the long-term maintenance become key problems in the construction and repair of the current urban river and lake system.
For a long time, urban internal lake treatment has entered the "ecological water conservancy" and "environmental water conservancy" stages, and is basically spreading the natural river ecological restoration technology gradually, so as to realize and regenerate the ecological environment where people and nature are harmonious, and many successful cases exist. The improvement and promotion technology of the urban internal lake of China mainly comprises a plurality of effective treatment methods such as interception and control of sewage sources, dredging, aeration, acceleration of pollutant deposition, construction of clear water type ecological system and the like.
However, the methods lack good background conditions as supports, and can only realize single functions, or can perform river and lake scheduling, but cannot solve the pollution of surface runoffs of the local water convergence region outside the internal lake to the internal lake; or the coastal ecology of the inland lake is constructed, but the inland river and the inland lake cannot be regulated from the overall level, so that the inland lake in the flood season is easily influenced by the drainage of the inland river. Therefore, how to treat the relation between the water inlet and outlet of the urban internal lake and the relevant river channel, how to treat the relation between the water source and the water supplementing channel, how to treat the influence of surface runoff on the internal lake and the relation between the surface runoff and the construction of a bank slope, and the like, is essentially how to construct an effective internal lake hydrodynamic system, is the basic surface and the background condition for the treatment of the internal lake system, and is important in the treatment of the urban internal lake, and needs to be preferentially solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a physical method for constructing urban internal lake background based on a hydrodynamic system, which provides a good platform and background condition for ecological management of urban internal lake water.
The aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a physical method for constructing urban internal lake background based on a hydrodynamic system comprises the following steps:
s1: carrying out overall layout on external river channels and internal lakes according to the landform, the use requirements and functional positioning at different stages throughout the year, wherein the overall layout comprises a river-lake separation layout and a river-lake integrated layout, the river-lake separation layout is adopted in a region with good arrangement conditions, the river-lake integrated layout is adopted in a region with poor arrangement conditions, the river-lake separation layout comprises substeps S11 and S12, and the river-lake integrated layout comprises substep S13;
s11: the outer river channel is changed to bypass the inner lake, and the outer river channel and the inner lake are completely separated by arranging measures such as a gate, a weir, a pipe, a canal and the like;
s12: a water diversion channel, a water return channel and a reverse siphon water supplementing system are arranged between the outer river channel and the inner lake, and a communicating water channel is arranged between two adjacent inner lakes;
s13: a landscape water retaining gate is arranged at the downstream of the outer river channel for retaining water; the internal lake is communicated with the external river channel through a water channel, and a landscape check gate is arranged on the water channel communicated with the external river channel and the internal lake.
S2: and simulating a natural lake shore after the S1 arrangement is completed, wherein the simulated natural lake shore is positioned in a shore lake area surrounding the internal lake for a circle, and comprises an ecological water interception shore slope and a plant shallow water area.
Further, the step S2 includes substeps S21, S22, S23, S24, S25;
s21: digging a water interception tank at the top of the ecological water interception bank slope, digging earthwork of a bank slope area and a plant shallow water area, and leveling to form a base surface, wherein the base surface is compacted by undisturbed soil or filled soil, and the compaction degree is not less than 85%;
s22: laying a nano bentonite waterproof blanket on the base surface;
s23: a clay impermeable layer with compactness not less than 90% is arranged on the nano bentonite waterproof blanket in the range of the bank slope area;
s24: backfilling graded sand pebbles with stronger permeability in the water interception tank.
S25: in the shallow water area of the plant, a backfill soil protective layer with the thickness of 30cm and the compactness of not less than 85% is arranged on the waterproof blanket of the nano bentonite, planting soil with the thickness of 30cm is arranged on the backfill soil protective layer, and nutrient solution or fertilizer is added into the planting soil.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1) The river and lake comprehensive layout has good ecological benefit, the external river and the internal lake are regulated according to the landform and the use requirements and functional positioning of different stages throughout the year, the water resources of the internal lake are ensured to be sufficient, and a hydrodynamic system foundation is constructed. On the basis, the water quality of the internal lake can be obviously improved by simulating the natural lake bank on the bank side of the internal lake. The method can obviously reduce the pollution of surface runoff to the internal lake, gradually eliminate the phenomenon of black and odorous water, greatly improve the transparency of the water, and the like, provide basic conditions for successfully building the clean water type water area environment, and can improve the bearing capacity and buffering capacity of the water environment. The ecological toughness of the water is obviously enhanced, the hydrodynamic force of the internal lake is enhanced, so that the ecological adaptation of animal, plant and microorganism communities on the horizontal and vertical structures of the internal lake is good, the substrate forms are various, the material and energy flows are more frequent, the number of large-scale aquatic animals and plants is obviously increased, the biological diversity of the water body and the shoreline of the water is obviously enhanced, the self-repairing and regulating capacity of the system is obviously improved, and the ecological system is healthy and stable and virtuous.
2) The method has obvious economic benefit, a hydrodynamic system foundation is constructed through overall river and lake layout, and then a natural lake bank is simulated, so that the capability of resisting flood disasters of cities can be obviously improved in the flood season, and the direct economic loss caused by the flood disasters is reduced; the built graceful ecological landscape is induced to grow in a beautiful and economical way, and the regional ecological tourism income is remarkably improved.
3) And good social benefits are generated. The hydrodynamic system foundation is constructed through overall river and lake layout, and then the natural lake shore is simulated, so that the ecological environment of urban water and the waterfront view are greatly improved, surrounding municipal supporting facilities can be driven to be perfected, the comprehensive ecology of organic integration of water, shore, scenery and urban is formed, and the land quality and value of the shoreline of the river and lake are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a physical method of constructing an urban internal lake background based on a hydrodynamic system of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a river-lake separation layout in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a river-lake integrated layout in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of a simulated natural lake bank in accordance with the present invention;
in the figure, 1-internal lake, 2-external river, 3-diversion channel, 4-diversion river, 5-water return channel, 6-inverted siphon water supplementing pipeline, 7-buffer purification area, 8-communicated water channel, 10-landscape water retaining gate, 11-landscape throttle gate, 13-basal plane, 14-nano bentonite waterproof blanket, 15-clay impermeable layer, 16-backfill soil protective layer, 17-planting soil, 18-plant shallow water area, 19-bank slope area, 20-ecological water interception bank slope and 21-water interception tank.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention, based on the embodiments of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the present invention provides a technical solution:
as shown in fig. 1-4, a physical method for constructing a city internal lake background based on a hydrodynamic system comprises the following steps:
s1: carrying out overall layout on an external river channel 2 and an internal lake 1 according to the landform, the use requirements and the functional positioning of different stages throughout the year, wherein the overall layout comprises a river-lake separation layout and a river-lake integrated layout, the river-lake separation layout is adopted in a region with good arrangement conditions, the river-lake integrated layout is adopted in a region with poor arrangement conditions, the river-lake separation layout comprises substeps S11 and S12, and the river-lake integrated layout comprises substep S13;
s11: the outer river channel 2 is changed to bypass the inner lake 1, and the outer river channel 2 and the inner lake 1 are completely separated by means of the arrangement of a gate, a weir, a pipe, a canal and the like;
s12: a water diversion channel 3, a water return channel 5 and a reverse siphon water supplementing system 6 are arranged between the outer river channel 2 and the inner lake 1, and a communicating water channel 8 is arranged between two adjacent inner lakes 1;
s13: a landscape water retaining gate 10 is arranged at the downstream of the outer river channel for storing water; the internal lake is communicated with the external river channel through a water channel, and a landscape check gate 11 is arranged on the water channel communicated with the external river channel and the internal lake;
s2: after the S1 arrangement is completed, a simulated natural lake shore is positioned in a shore lake area around the inner lake 1, and the simulated natural lake shore comprises an ecological water interception bank slope 20 and a plant shallow water area 18.
According to the technical scheme, through overall arrangement of the rivers and the lakes, according to the use requirements and functional positioning of the urban internal lake 1 at different stages throughout the year, the water quality of the internal lake 1 is ensured not to be influenced by external river water in a non-flood period, and flood control and drainage pressures are borne through the internal lake 1 and the external river in the flood period; meanwhile, on the basis of overall river and lake layout, manual drainage and water supplementing are added, so that a fixed water supplementing source is ensured, river water flow is quickened, water exchange period is shortened, and the defect of self-cleaning capability of water is overcome.
And judging whether the arrangement condition of the river and the lake is good or not depends on the plane or space limitation such as regional land conditions, topography fluctuation conditions and the like. The method specifically comprises the following steps: the land space for arranging the river channel or the internal lake is sufficient or wide, the topography is gentle, and a river-lake separation arrangement mode of changing the river channel from the adjacent internal lake to the river channel can be adopted; the land space situation and relief of the river course or the internal lake can be realized, but the river course and lake separation arrangement mode can be adopted by combining the land form with the slope to change the valley between hills to the river course at a position slightly away from the internal lake; the space for arranging river or internal lake is limited, but no river is changed, and an integral arrangement mode of the river and the lake can be selected; when there is application and specific requirement, the river and lake integrated mode can be selected in the area with sufficient or wide land space and gentle topography, but the other way around.
For the arrangement mode of river and lake separation, the outer river channel 2 is directly migrated from the layout to bypass the region of the inner lake 1, and the complete separation of the river and the lake is realized by the measures of arranging a gate, a weir, a pipe, a canal and the like, and at the moment, the outer river channel 2 comprises a water diversion river channel 4 and a water drainage river channel, and the concrete implementation is as follows:
in the non-flood season, the water retaining sluice is arranged on the water diversion river channel 4 to block high water level, the water taking pipe culvert arranged in the water diversion channel 3 overflows to the buffer purification area 7 and then enters the inner lake 1, and then the overflow pipe arranged in the water return channel 5 overflows excessive water or perennial dynamic running water into the water drainage river channel of the outer river channel 2, so that the hydrodynamic condition in the area of the inner lake 1 in the non-flood season is ensured, and the inverted siphon water supplementing pipe system 6 further supplements water for the inner lake 1 through the outer river channel 2;
in the flood season, the water inlet channel is closed, and the gate is opened through the water outlet channel 5 at the tail end of the lake region to drain and discharge flood, so that the flood control and drainage safety of the internal lake 1 and the water region is ensured.
The integrated layout scheduling mode for the rivers and lakes has flood control and landscape functions, and is implemented as follows:
in the non-flood period, the landscape check gate 11 is opened, water in the outer river channel 2 enters the inner lake 1, and then the downstream landscape water retaining gate 10 is closed to block high water level, so that the outer river channel 2 and the inner lake 1 with the same water quality condition at ordinary times are completely integrated, and the upstream limited water resource is utilized to form a uniform and stable water surface; meanwhile, the flood control gate 11 overflows to ensure hydrodynamic conditions in the non-flood period.
In the flood season, the downstream landscape water retaining gate 10 is opened, the landscape throttle gate 11 is closed, the influence of flood with poor water quality on the external river channel 2 on the internal lake 1 is isolated, flood drainage is carried out by the external river channel 2, the pollution of the water quality in the lake region caused by the flood passing through the river channel is avoided, and the internal lake 1 takes account of regulation and peak clipping; when the water level of the outer river channel 2 is reduced, the landscape check valve 11 is properly opened, the surplus water accumulated in the inner lake 1 is removed, and the hydrodynamic conditions in the flood season are ensured. The landscape water-retaining gate 10 is closed again, and water is stored again.
The hydrodynamic system foundation is constructed through the overall river and lake layout in the step S1, the influence of external water pollution on the internal lake can be isolated from the macroscopic level, the water quality of the internal lake 1 can be obviously improved, the capability of resisting flood disasters in cities can be obviously improved in the flood season, the direct economic loss caused by the flood disasters is reduced, and meanwhile, the water resources of the internal lake 1 are ensured to be sufficient. The influence of external bad surface runoff or water body on the internal lake 1 is completely eradicated or reduced from the macroscopic level, and a higher and better internal lake 1 background condition and foundation are provided for other special treatment methods such as interception and control of source, dredging, aeration, acceleration of pollutant deposition, construction of clear water type ecological system and the like, so that the ecological treatment device is a multiplier for the ecological treatment benefit of the internal lake 1.
Further, the step S2 includes substeps S21, S22, S23, S24, S25;
s21: digging a water interception tank 21 at the top of the ecological water interception bank slope 20, digging earthwork of a bank slope area 19 and a plant shallow water area 18, and leveling to form a basal plane 13, wherein the basal plane 13 is compacted by undisturbed soil or filled soil, and the compactness is not less than 85%;
s22: laying a nano bentonite waterproof blanket 14 on the base surface 13;
s23: a clay impermeable layer with compactness not less than 90% is arranged on the nano bentonite waterproof blanket 14 in the range of the bank slope area 19;
s24: the water interception tank 21 is filled with graded sand pebbles with high permeability.
S25: in the plant shallow water area 18, a backfill soil protection layer 16 with the thickness of 30cm and the compactness of not less than 85% is arranged on the nano bentonite waterproof blanket 14, planting soil 17 with the thickness of 30cm is arranged on the backfill soil protection layer 16, and nutrient solution or fertilizer is added into the planting soil 17.
By the technical scheme of the step S2, the natural lake bank is simulated on a microscopic level, the bank slope is built into an ecological slope protection without concrete or with vegetation covered by concrete, the ecological slope protection has retarding and transitional effects on the surface runoffs of the local water collecting region outside the internal lake 1, and further good ecological benefits are achieved in controlling the surface runoffs and water pollution in the flood season.
In step S21, the water interception tank 21 is arranged at the top of the slope, peripheral natural surface runoffs are intercepted and filtered through the water interception tank 21, and then are converged into the shallow plant water area 18 on the side of the internal lake 1 in an overflow or seepage mode for precipitation and purification again, so that adverse effects of the natural surface runoffs in the local convergence area around the internal lake 1 on the water body of the internal lake 1 are reduced to the greatest extent.
In step S22, the nano bentonite waterproof blanket 14 is laid to form a first barrier for isolating the external runoff and the internal lake water under water in the beach and water area connection zone.
In step S23, the second barrier for isolating the external runoff and the internal lake water under water in the beach and water area connection zone is formed by filling the clay impermeable layer 15 and constructing the ecological bank slope.
In step S24, a large stone or pebble with a particle size of 10 cm-20 cm may be used as the waterproof blanket anchoring structure in the water interception tank 21, and may be piled up to form a intercepting tank structure to allow the surface runoff on the shore to flow in, reduce the flow rate and filter the surface runoff through the intercepting tank for the first time, and overflow from the shore or infiltrate into the shallow water area 18 for filtering and purifying again through the overflow point.
In step S25, the nutrient solution or fertilizer added into the planting soil 17 is used as a waterproof blanket to weigh on the one hand, and on the other hand, forms a necessary environment for the survival of aquatic plants in the shallow water area, provides conditions for emergent aquatic ecology and submerged plant production, and finally makes the surface runoff overflowed from the water interception tank 21 play a role of delaying the flow speed and precipitating for the second time in the shallow water area, and then is injected into the lake area.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the form disclosed herein but is not to be construed as excluding other embodiments, but is capable of numerous other combinations, modifications and environments and is capable of modifications within the scope of the inventive concept, either as taught or as a matter of routine skill or knowledge in the relevant art. And that modifications and variations which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. A physical method for constructing urban internal lake background based on a hydrodynamic system is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: carrying out overall layout on an external river and an internal lake according to the landform, the use requirements and the functional positioning of different stages throughout the year, wherein the overall layout comprises a river-lake separation layout and a river-lake integrated layout, the river-lake separation layout is suitable for a region with good arrangement conditions, the river-lake integrated layout is suitable for a region with poor arrangement conditions, the river-lake separation layout comprises substeps S11 and S12, and the river-lake integrated layout comprises substep S13;
s11: the outer river channel is changed to bypass the inner lake, and the complete separation of the outer river channel and the inner lake is realized by arranging a gate, a weir, a pipe and a canal;
s12: a water diversion channel, a water return channel and a reverse siphon water supplementing system are arranged between the outer river channel and the inner lake, and a communicating water channel is arranged between two adjacent inner lakes;
s13: a landscape water retaining gate is arranged at the downstream of the outer river channel for retaining water; the internal lake is communicated with the external river channel through a water channel, and a landscape check gate is arranged on the water channel communicated with the external river channel and the internal lake;
s2: and simulating a natural lake shore after the S1 arrangement is completed, wherein the simulated natural lake shore is positioned in a shore lake area surrounding the internal lake for a circle, and comprises an ecological water interception shore slope and a plant shallow water area.
2. The physical method for constructing an urban internal lake background based on a hydrodynamic system according to claim 1, wherein: the step S2 includes substeps S21, S22, S23, S24, S25;
s21: digging a water interception tank at the top of the ecological water interception bank slope, digging earthwork of a bank slope area and a plant shallow water area, and leveling to form a base surface, wherein the base surface is compacted by undisturbed soil or filled soil, and the compaction degree is not less than 85%;
s22: laying a nano bentonite waterproof blanket on the base surface;
s23: a clay impermeable layer with compactness not less than 90% is arranged on the nano bentonite waterproof blanket in the range of the bank slope area;
s24: backfilling graded sand pebbles with stronger permeability in the water interception tank;
s25: in the shallow water area of the plant, a backfill soil protective layer with the thickness of 30cm and the compactness of not less than 85% is arranged on the waterproof blanket of the nano bentonite, planting soil with the thickness of 30cm is arranged on the backfill soil protective layer, and nutrient solution or fertilizer is added into the planting soil.
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