CN116623101B - Cu-containing antibacterial stainless steel material with high hardness and corrosion resistance, and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Cu-containing antibacterial stainless steel material with high hardness and corrosion resistance, and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000191967 Staphylococcus aureus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 42
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007545 Vickers hardness test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
- A01N59/20—Copper
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P1/00—Disinfectants; Antimicrobial compounds or mixtures thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
- C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
- C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
- C21D7/06—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface by shot-peening or the like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention provides a Cu-containing antibacterial stainless steel material with high hardness and corrosion resistance, and a preparation method and application thereof. The stainless steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c is less than or equal to 0.02, si is less than or equal to 0.3, mn is less than or equal to 2.0, cr:16.0-18.0, ni:6.0-8.0, cu:2.0-3.0, S is less than or equal to 0.01, P is less than or equal to 0.01, and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities. The Cu-containing antibacterial stainless steel is subjected to severe plastic deformation by ultrasonic shot blasting to induce martensitic transformation, so that the material problems that the existing Cu-containing austenitic antibacterial stainless steel is high in corrosion resistance and low in hardness and the Cu-containing martensitic antibacterial stainless steel is high in hardness and poor in corrosion resistance are overcome, the purposes that the Cu-containing antibacterial stainless steel is high in hardness and corrosion resistance are simultaneously achieved are achieved, and the application range of the Cu-containing antibacterial stainless steel is widened.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of stainless steel material manufacturing, in particular to a Cu-containing antibacterial stainless steel material with high hardness and corrosion resistance, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Copper (Cu) -containing antibacterial stainless steel is a new steel material developed in recent years, and shows strong, broad-spectrum and durable sterilization functions by utilizing trace Cu ions which are continuously dissolved out, so that the new material has wide application prospect in the fields of medical treatment and health, food processing, kitchen catering, public facilities and the like.
Cu-containing antibacterial stainless steel materials of different systems are gradually developed at home and abroad, including ferrite systems (such as low C, N-17Cr-1.5Cu and 00Cr 17), martensite systems (0.3C-13 Cr-3 Cu), austenite systems (18 Cr-9Ni-3.8Cu and 00Cr18Ni 9) and the like. However, the antibacterial stainless steel of the above system has defects such as very low hardness of the Cu-containing austenitic antibacterial stainless steel; the corrosion resistance of the Cu-containing martensitic, antibacterial stainless steel is relatively poor. In order to widen the application range of the Cu-containing antibacterial stainless steel, the contradictory relation between the corrosion resistance and the hardness of the Cu-containing antibacterial stainless steel needs to be balanced, and the aims of simultaneously taking the corrosion resistance and the high hardness into consideration are fulfilled.
In view of this, the present invention has been made.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a Cu-containing antibacterial stainless steel material with high hardness and corrosion resistance, which solves the practical problems that the conventional Cu-containing austenitic antibacterial stainless steel has low hardness and the Cu-containing martensitic antibacterial stainless steel has poor corrosion resistance, realizes the aims of the Cu-containing antibacterial stainless steel and simultaneously has the corrosion resistance and high hardness, thereby widening the application range of the Cu-containing antibacterial stainless steel.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the Cu-containing antibacterial stainless steel material.
The invention further aims to provide an application of the Cu-containing antibacterial stainless steel material.
In order to achieve the above object of the present invention, the following technical solutions are specifically adopted:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a Cu-containing antimicrobial stainless steel material having high hardness and corrosion resistance, prepared by the method of:
processing the blank subjected to solution treatment into a stainless steel plate, wherein the thickness of the stainless steel plate is not more than 10mm, and then carrying out severe deformation treatment; then carrying out antibacterial aging heat treatment to obtain a Cu-containing antibacterial stainless steel material;
wherein the chemical components of the blank are as follows by weight percent: less than or equal to 0.02 percent of C (such as 0.015 percent, 0.01 percent and 0.005 percent), less than or equal to 0.3 percent of Si (such as 0.25 percent, 0.21 percent, 0.2 percent and 0.1 percent), less than or equal to 2.0 percent of Mn (such as 1.56 percent, 1.5 percent, 1.2 percent and 1 percent), and Cr:16.0-18.0% (e.g. 16%, 17%, 17.2%, 18%), ni:6.0-8.0% (e.g., 6%, 6.9%, 7%, 8%), cu:2.0-3.0% (such as 2%, 2.2%, 2.5%, 3%), S is less than or equal to 0.01%, P is less than or equal to 0.01%, and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities;
the severe deformation treatment is ultrasonic shot blasting (USP), the air pressure of the ultrasonic shot blasting is 2-4 MPa, and the time is 240-360 seconds.
In one embodiment, the solution treatment is performed at 1050-1150 ℃ for 1-3 hours, followed by water cooling to room temperature.
In one embodiment, the antimicrobial aging heat treatment is at 450-550 ℃, incubated for no more than 3 hours, and then air cooled.
The design idea of the invention is as follows:
stainless steel components with proper austenite structure stability (such as Ni, C, mn and the like are controlled) are selected, and the stainless steel plate subjected to solution treatment is subjected to severe plastic deformation treatment, so that the austenite structure is deformed to induce martensitic transformation. The austenite and martensite structures of the same composition are different, resulting in different properties. The conventional martensite has high hardness but poor corrosion resistance, and the martensite subjected to deformation-induced transformation not only maintains the high hardness characteristic, but also maintains the corrosion resistance of the original austenite. In addition, the invention can reduce the Cu addition amount in the antibacterial stainless steel by utilizing the different solid solubility characteristics of Cu in martensite and austenite on the premise of ensuring excellent antibacterial performance, and is beneficial to subsequent heat deformation processing. Finally, on the premise of excellent antibacterial performance, the common promotion of the hardness and the corrosion resistance of the Cu-containing antibacterial stainless steel is realized.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing a Cu-containing antimicrobial stainless steel material having high hardness and corrosion resistance, comprising the steps of:
carrying out solution treatment on the blank, processing the blank into a stainless steel plate, wherein the thickness of the stainless steel plate is not more than 10mm, and then carrying out severe deformation treatment; then carrying out antibacterial aging heat treatment to obtain a Cu-containing antibacterial stainless steel material;
wherein the chemical components of the blank are as follows by weight percent: c is less than or equal to 0.02 percent, si is less than or equal to 0.3 percent, mn is less than or equal to 2.0 percent, cr:16.0-18.0%, ni:6.0-8.0%, cu:2.0-3.0%, S is less than or equal to 0.01%, P is less than or equal to 0.01%, and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities;
the severe deformation treatment is ultrasonic shot blasting (USP), wherein the air pressure of the ultrasonic shot blasting is 2-4 MPa, preferably 3MPa, and the time is 240-360 seconds, preferably 300 seconds.
In one embodiment, the solution treatment is performed at 1050-1150 ℃ for 1-3 hours, followed by water cooling to room temperature. The solution treatment temperature is typically, but not limited to, 1050 ℃, 1100 ℃, 1150 ℃, for example; the solution incubation time is typically, but not limited to, for example 1h, 1.5h, 2h or 3h.
In one embodiment, the antimicrobial aging heat treatment is at 450-550 ℃, incubated for no more than 3 hours, and then air cooled. The antimicrobial aging heat treatment temperature is typically, but not limited to, for example, 450 ℃, 500 ℃, 550 ℃. Typical but non-limiting antimicrobial aging incubation times are, for example, 0.5h, 1h, 1.5h, 2h, 3h.
In one embodiment, a method for preparing a Cu-containing antimicrobial stainless steel material with high hardness and corrosion resistance comprises the following steps:
step 1, stainless steel blank pretreatment: firstly, carrying out solution treatment on the selected stainless steel blank, wherein the solution treatment temperature is as follows: 1050-1150 ℃, preserving heat for 1-3 hours, and then cooling to room temperature;
step 2, processing stainless steel blank: machining the pretreated blank to obtain a stainless steel plate, wherein the thickness of the stainless steel plate is not more than 10mm;
step 3, large deformation induced austenite phase transformation: carrying out ultrasonic shot blasting (USP) severe deformation treatment on the plate selected in the step 2;
step 4, antibacterial aging heat treatment: and (3) performing antibacterial aging heat treatment on the plate obtained in the step (3), wherein the heat treatment temperature is 450-550 ℃, the aging time is not more than 3 hours, and air cooling is performed after aging.
The stainless steel blank structure treated in the step 1 is an austenite structure. The stainless steel structure treated in the step 3 is mainly a martensitic structure.
According to the selected antibacterial stainless steel and the preparation method, the hardness of the steel is not lower than 400HV.
According to the selected antibacterial stainless steel and the preparation method, the pitting potential of the steel in the 3.5% NaCl solution is not lower than 0.38V.
According to the antibacterial stainless steel and the preparation method, the antibacterial rate of the steel on escherichia coli is more than 99 percent, and the antibacterial rate on staphylococcus aureus is more than 99 percent.
According to a third aspect of the invention, there is provided the use of the Cu-containing antimicrobial stainless steel material having high hardness and corrosion resistance for the manufacture of medical devices or household goods.
The beneficial effects are that:
the Cu-containing antibacterial stainless steel prepared by the method can realize the excellent comprehensive properties of corrosion resistance, antibacterial property, high strength and wear resistance, so that the application range of the Cu-containing antibacterial stainless steel can be widened.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in connection with the embodiments, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples. The materials in the examples were prepared according to the existing methods or were directly commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1 preparation of 5mm thick Cu-containing antimicrobial stainless Steel sheet
The stainless steel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c:0.015, si:0.21, mn:1.56, cr:17.2, ni:6.9, cu:2.2, S:0.009, p:0.008, the balance being Fe.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
step 1: selecting length, width and thickness: heating a blank with the thickness of 101mm multiplied by 21mm multiplied by 7mm to 1100 ℃, preserving heat for 1 hour, and then cooling to room temperature by water;
step 2: machining the blank subjected to the solution treatment to obtain a stainless steel plate with a bright surface and dimensions of 100mm multiplied by 20mm multiplied by 5 mm;
step 3: performing high-energy ultrasonic shot blasting treatment on the plate processed in the step 2, wherein the shot blasting air pressure is 3MPa, and the shot blasting time is 300 seconds;
step 4: and (3) performing antibacterial aging heat treatment on the plate obtained in the step (3), wherein the aging temperature is 500 ℃, the aging time is 1 hour, and then performing air cooling after aging.
Example 2 preparation of 15mm thick Cu-containing antimicrobial stainless Steel sheet
The stainless steel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c:0.015, si:0.21, mn:1.56, cr:17.2, ni:6.9, cu:2.2, S:0.009, p:0.008, the balance being Fe.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
step 1: selecting length, width and thickness: heating a blank with the thickness of 101mm multiplied by 21mm multiplied by 17mm to 1100 ℃, preserving heat for 1 hour, and then cooling to room temperature by water;
step 2: machining the blank subjected to the solution treatment to obtain a stainless steel plate with a bright surface and dimensions of 100mm multiplied by 20mm multiplied by 15 mm;
step 3: performing high-energy ultrasonic shot blasting treatment on the plate processed in the step 2, wherein the shot blasting air pressure is 3MPa, and the shot blasting time is 300 seconds;
step 4: and (3) performing antibacterial aging heat treatment on the plate obtained in the step (3), wherein the aging temperature is 500 ℃, the aging time is 1 hour, and then performing air cooling after aging.
Example 3 preparation of 5mm thick Cu-containing antimicrobial stainless Steel sheet
The stainless steel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c:0.015, si:0.21, mn:1.56, cr:17.2, ni:6.9, cu:2.2, S:0.009, p:0.008, the balance being Fe.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
step 1: selecting length, width and thickness: heating a blank with the thickness of 101mm multiplied by 21mm multiplied by 7mm to 1100 ℃, preserving heat for 1 hour, and then cooling to room temperature by water;
step 2: machining the blank subjected to the solution treatment to obtain a stainless steel plate with a bright surface and dimensions of 100mm multiplied by 20mm multiplied by 5 mm;
step 3: performing high-energy ultrasonic shot blasting treatment on the plate processed in the step 2, wherein the shot blasting air pressure is 1.5MPa, and the shot blasting time is 220 seconds;
step 4: and (3) performing antibacterial aging heat treatment on the plate obtained in the step (3), wherein the aging temperature is 500 ℃, the aging time is 1 hour, and then performing air cooling after aging.
Comparative example 15mm thick 420 type Cu-containing martensitic antibacterial stainless steel sheet
The components of the 420-type Cu-containing martensitic antibacterial stainless steel are (weight percentage,%): cr: 12.80, cu:2.51, C:0.21, si:0.17, mn:0.04, S:0.002, P:0.007, balance Fe.
The heat treatment process comprises the following steps: solid solution is carried out for 30 minutes at 1080 ℃, water cooling is carried out, aging is carried out at 500 ℃ and 7. 7 h, and air cooling is carried out.
Comparative example 25 mm thick 304 Cu-containing austenitic antimicrobial stainless steel sheet
The components of the 304 type Cu-containing austenitic antibacterial stainless steel are (weight percentage,%): c:0.02, si:0.32, mn:1.44, cr:18.2, ni:7.9, cu:3.2, S:0.008, P:0.007, the balance being Fe.
The heat treatment process comprises the following steps: solid solution is carried out for 30 minutes at 1100 ℃, water cooling is carried out and aging is carried out for 10 hours at 750 ℃, and air cooling is carried out.
Comparative example 35 mm thick 316 type Cu-containing austenitic antibacterial stainless steel plate
The components of the 316 type Cu-containing austenitic antibacterial stainless steel are as follows (weight percentage,%): c:0.018, si:0.35, mn:1.73, cr:18.5, ni:12.6, mo 2.6, cu:3.5, S:0.005, P:0.009, the balance being Fe.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
step 1: selecting length, width and thickness: heating a blank with the thickness of 101mm multiplied by 21mm multiplied by 7mm to 1100 ℃, preserving heat for 1 hour, and then cooling to room temperature by water;
step 2: machining the blank subjected to the solution treatment to obtain a stainless steel plate with a bright surface and dimensions of 100mm multiplied by 20mm multiplied by 5 mm;
step 3: performing high-energy ultrasonic shot blasting treatment on the plate processed in the step 2, wherein the shot blasting air pressure is 3MPa, and the shot blasting time is 300 seconds;
step 4: and (3) performing antibacterial aging heat treatment on the plate obtained in the step (3), wherein the aging temperature is 500 ℃, the aging time is 1 hour, and then performing air cooling after aging.
The Vickers hardness test of metal materials according to GB/T4340.1-2009 part 1: test methods microhardness tests were carried out on the examples and comparative examples, with a load of 500g and a holding time of 15s. The results are shown in Table 1.
The test pieces of examples and comparative examples were evaluated for antibacterial properties and corrosion resistance.
According to the standards of JIS Z2801-2000 antibacterial processed product-antibacterial test method and antibacterial effect, GB/T2591-2003 antibacterial Plastic antibacterial property test method and antibacterial effect, and the like, antibacterial property detection is carried out, and Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus are selected as strains.
The samples were tested for pitting potential in 3.5% sodium chloride solution using an electrochemical workstation.
The antibacterial properties and corrosion resistance properties are shown in table 2.
From the above experimental results, it is apparent that the Cu-containing antimicrobial stainless steel obtained according to the chemical composition and the preparation process of the present invention can simultaneously obtain high hardness and good corrosion resistance on the basis of excellent antimicrobial properties (see example 1). However, although the same composition and the same preparation process as in example 1 were employed, as shown in the results of example 2, the antibacterial performance was not optimal although the corrosion resistance was comparable; in addition, the selection of ultrasonic shot blasting parameters is also important to the antibacterial performance. As shown in the results of example 3, in example 3, the shot pressure was low and the shot time was short at the same composition as in example 1, so that the complete transformation of austenite into martensite was not achieved, and although the corrosion resistance of example 3 was high after the subsequent antibacterial aging heat treatment, the antibacterial performance was not sufficiently exerted.
The comparative example 1 adopts a Cu-containing martensite antibacterial stainless steel plate, which has higher hardness, better antibacterial performance but poorer corrosion resistance; also, comparative example 2 uses an austenitic antimicrobial stainless steel sheet containing Cu, which is superior in both antimicrobial and corrosion resistance properties, but has a low hardness. Example 1 of the present invention achieves excellent combination properties of corrosion resistance, antibacterial property and high hardness at the same time, as compared with comparative examples 1 and 2.
Comparative example 3, which uses a 316 type Cu-containing antimicrobial stainless steel sheet, has a high Ni content and a good stability of an austenite structure as compared with example 1 of the present invention, and although the same manufacturing process as example 1 is used, the austenite structure thereof cannot achieve complete transformation of a martensite structure, and thus cannot achieve an optimal antimicrobial performance in the subsequent short-time low-temperature antimicrobial heat treatment process.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A Cu-containing antimicrobial stainless steel material with high hardness and corrosion resistance, which is characterized by being prepared by the following method:
processing the blank subjected to solution treatment into a stainless steel plate, wherein the thickness of the stainless steel plate is not more than 10mm, and then carrying out severe deformation treatment; then carrying out antibacterial aging heat treatment to obtain a Cu-containing antibacterial stainless steel material;
wherein the chemical components of the blank are as follows by weight percent: c is less than or equal to 0.02 percent, si is less than or equal to 0.3 percent, mn is less than or equal to 2.0 percent, cr:16.0-18.0%, ni:6.0-8.0%, cu:2.0-3.0%, S is less than or equal to 0.01%, P is less than or equal to 0.01%, and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities;
the severe deformation treatment is ultrasonic shot blasting, the air pressure of the ultrasonic shot blasting is 2-4 MPa, and the time is 240-360 seconds.
2. The Cu-containing antimicrobial stainless steel material in accordance with claim 1 wherein the solution treatment is performed at 1050-1150 ℃ for 1-3 hours followed by water cooling to room temperature.
3. The Cu-containing antimicrobial stainless steel material of claim 1 wherein the antimicrobial aging heat treatment is at 450-550 ℃ and maintained for no more than 3 hours, followed by air cooling.
4. The preparation method of the Cu-containing antibacterial stainless steel material with high hardness and corrosion resistance is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
carrying out solution treatment on the blank, processing the blank into a stainless steel plate, wherein the thickness of the stainless steel plate is not more than 10mm, and then carrying out severe deformation treatment; then carrying out antibacterial aging heat treatment to obtain a Cu-containing antibacterial stainless steel material;
wherein the chemical components of the blank are as follows by weight percent: c is less than or equal to 0.02 percent, si is less than or equal to 0.3 percent, mn is less than or equal to 2.0 percent, cr:16.0-18.0%, ni:6.0-8.0%, cu:2.0-3.0%, S is less than or equal to 0.01%, P is less than or equal to 0.01%, and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities;
the severe deformation treatment is ultrasonic shot blasting, the air pressure of the ultrasonic shot blasting is 2-4 MPa, and the time is 240-360 seconds.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the ultrasonic peening is performed at a gas pressure of 3MPa for 300 seconds.
6. The process according to claim 4, wherein the solid solution treatment is carried out at 1050-1150℃for 1-3 hours, followed by water cooling to room temperature.
7. The process according to claim 4, wherein the antibacterial aging heat treatment is carried out at 450 to 550℃for not more than 3 hours, followed by air cooling.
8. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the obtained Cu-containing antimicrobial stainless steel material has a hardness of not less than 400HV.
9. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the obtained Cu-containing antimicrobial stainless steel material has a pitting corrosion site of not less than 0.38V in a 3.5% nacl solution;
the obtained Cu-containing antibacterial stainless steel material has an antibacterial rate of more than 99% for escherichia coli and an antibacterial rate of more than 99% for staphylococcus aureus.
10. Use of a Cu-containing antimicrobial stainless steel material prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 4-9 in the preparation of medical devices or household goods.
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