CN113846275B - Antibacterial ultra-high strength high toughness stainless steel material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Antibacterial ultra-high strength high toughness stainless steel material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C21D2211/001—Austenite
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- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
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Abstract
The invention relates to an antibacterial ultra-high strength high toughness stainless steel material and a preparation method thereof. The stainless steel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c: less than 0.03%, cr:13.0 to 14.0 percent, ni:6.0 to 8.0 percent, co:6.0 to 8.0 percent, mo:2.5 to 3.5 percent, cu:0.5 to 2.0 percent, P: < 0.01%, S: < 0.01%, mn: < 0.1%, fe: the balance. According to the invention, the corrosion resistance of the material is balanced by adding high-content Co and Cr; the martensite structure is obtained by controlling Cr equivalent, so that the delta ferrite content is ensured to be lower than 2%; meanwhile, a certain content of strengthening elements Mo and Cu are added, and the material preparation process is optimized, so that a nano-grade molybdenum-rich phase and a nano-grade copper-rich phase are obtained, and finally, a material with the strength level of more than 1400MPa and the impact energy of more than 50J and strong antibacterial performance and corrosion resistance is obtained, and the material can be applied to various fields.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of high-strength high-toughness antibacterial stainless steel, and particularly relates to an antibacterial ultra-high-strength high-toughness stainless steel material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the development of science and technology and the advancement of human civilization, the demand for materials has not been limited to a single performance or a single function. In many special environments, materials with excellent comprehensive properties and strong functionality are more desirable. As in the development of medical devices, not only is it desirable for the material to have high strength and toughness, but also it is desirable for the material to be capable of having excellent corrosion resistance and antibacterial properties.
Therefore, the development of the structural function integrated material needs to coordinate different performances. The ultra-high strength steel with the strength exceeding 1000MPa has low alloy ultra-high strength steel, has higher toughness, can meet the design requirement of industrial structural parts, but has limited application due to extremely poor corrosion resistance because of no Cr element. The high-strength stainless steel has good corrosion resistance to traditional high-strength stainless steel such as PH13-8Mo, 15-5PH and the like, but has low toughness (about 20J of impact energy), and cannot meet the requirement of severe use environment on the reliability of structural members. In addition, it is more recently reported that stainless steel has excellent mechanical properties and antibacterial properties.
Therefore, it is urgent to develop structural function integrated materials with superior intellectual property, ultra-high strength and toughness, and good corrosion resistance and antibacterial property, so as to meet the requirements of engineering application on the comprehensive properties of the stainless steel.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide stainless steel with high toughness and antibacterial property.
According to the above purpose, the whole technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention is based on the existing high-strength stainless steel, ensures the toughness and corrosion resistance of the steel to the maximum extent on the premise of ensuring a single martensitic structure by accurately controlling the element proportion of Co, cr, ni, mo and Cu, develops the novel ultra-high-strength high-toughness stainless steel with the tensile strength of more than 1400MPa and the impact energy of more than 50J, and simultaneously shows excellent antibacterial performance by adding Cu element.
According to the design thought, the specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the chemical composition of the novel maraging stainless steel is (wt.%):
c: less than 0.03%, cr:13.0 to 14.0 percent, ni:6.0 to 8.0 percent, co:6.0 to 8.0 percent, mo:2.5 to 3.5 percent, cu:0.5 to 2.0 percent, P: < 0.01%, S: < 0.01%, mn: < 0.1%, fe: the balance.
Preferably, it is: c: less than 0.03%, cr:13.0 to 14.0 percent, ni:6.0 to 8.0 percent, co:6.0 to 8.0 percent, mo:2.5 to 3.5 percent, cu:0.5 to 2.0 percent, P: < 0.01%, S: < 0.01%, mn: < 0.1%, fe: the balance.
Most preferably: c: less than 0.01%, cr:13.0 to 13.1 percent, ni:7.7 to 7.8 percent, co:7.2 to 7.3 percent, mo:2.9 to 3.0 percent, cu:0.8 to 1.2 percent, P: < 0.01%, S: < 0.01%, mn: < 0.1%, fe: the balance.
The design of the chemical components is as follows:
c exists in the steel as an impurity element in the high-strength high-toughness stainless steel, and an excessive content of C seriously deteriorates the weldability and corrosion resistance of the steel, so that the C content is strictly controlled to 0.03% or less.
Ni is one of important alloy elements in the steel, and besides ensuring the martensitic transformation temperature, ni in a matrix can promote the formation of reverse transformation austenite in the aging process, so that the toughness of the steel is improved. However, too high Ni content causes an increase in the residual austenite content in the steel, affecting the strength of the material, and thus Ni content is controlled to 6.0 to 8.0%
Cr is also one of the important alloying elements in the steel of the present invention, and the Cr content in the steel must be above 13% in order to achieve the "stainless" characteristic. However, excessive addition of Cr affects the structure of the steel, and a single martensitic structure cannot be obtained under normal heat treatment process conditions, thereby affecting the toughness and corrosion resistance of the material. Therefore, the Cr content is controlled to be 13.0 to 14.0%.
Mo is also one of the important alloying elements in the steel of the present invention, in which Mo element precipitates a nano-sized Mo-rich phase through aging treatment, which is one of the main factors for achieving reinforcement of the material, but Mo is ferrite forming element, and excessive Mo forms ferrite, affecting the plasticity of the material. Therefore, the Mo content is controlled to be 2.5-3.5%.
Co is one of the important alloying elements in the steel of the present invention, and serves to enhance the martensite transformation opening in the steelOnset temperature M s Co promotes precipitation of the Mo-rich phase and strengthens the matrix. However, the addition of Co as noble metal element tends to raise the material cost, and the Co content is controlled to be 6.0-8.0% from the standpoint of comprehensive performance.
Cu: the addition amount of Cu in the invention is 0.5-2.0%, which is lower than the Cu content in the prior martensitic antibacterial stainless steel, but a plurality of experiments show that only 0.5-2.0% of Cu is added, and the antibacterial rate of the preparation method of the invention on escherichia coli is still higher than 99%, and the antibacterial performance is stable. This not only reduces the amount of Cu added, but also has a positive effect on the workability of the stainless steel according to the present invention.
In order to ensure the toughness of the steel of the invention, the content of Mn, P, S and other elements needs to be controlled at the following level (wt.%): mn less than 0.1%, P less than 0.01%, S less than 0.01%.
The antibacterial ultra-high strength high toughness stainless steel of the invention can be prepared by the following steps:
the alloy elements in the steel are added in the form of high-purity pure metal, the high-purity pure metal is smelted by a vacuum induction furnace and then cast into an ingot, and the ingot is subjected to riser removal and surface peeling after air cooling to room temperature and then enters a hot working procedure. After the composition range of the inventive steel is determined, the hot working process and the heat treatment process in the preparation process play a decisive role in the structural performance of the material, so that the invention provides the optimal hot working process and the optimal heat treatment process which are suitable for the inventive steel.
The hot working process comprises the following steps:
(1) Forging in an austenite single-phase region, wherein the forging ratio is 6-9, and air cooling to room temperature after forging;
(2) Forging and then heat treatment
Heat treatment schedule:
(1) Solution treatment: preserving the temperature at 1050-1150 ℃ for 1-2 h, and air-cooling to room temperature;
(2) And (3) deep cooling treatment: preserving the temperature in liquid nitrogen (-196 ℃) for 1 to 12 hours;
(3) Aging treatment: preserving heat for 2-100h at 460-520 ℃ and air cooling.
The preferred heat treatment regime is:
(1) Preserving heat at 1100 ℃ for 1.0h, carrying out solution treatment, and carrying out air cooling;
(2) Cryogenic treatment in liquid nitrogen at the temperature of minus 196 ℃ for 10 hours, and air cooling;
(3) Preserving heat at 480 ℃ for 60h for aging treatment, and air cooling.
The stainless steel has excellent antibacterial performance, high strength and toughness, sigma b ≥1400MPa，σ 0.2 The Charpy impact energy is more than 50J and is more than or equal to 1300MPa, the pitting potential reaches 0.020V, the pitting resistance is equivalent to that of PH13-8Mo precipitation hardening stainless steel, and the stainless steel is suitable for manufacturing medical equipment, sanitary ware, ocean platform or turbine parts and the like with high requirements on strength and toughness.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph of the structure of an antimicrobial ultra-high strength high toughness stainless steel designed for the nominal composition described in example 1 after heat treatment.
FIG. 2 is an age hardening curve of an antimicrobial ultra high strength high toughness stainless steel designed for the nominal composition described in example 1 after heat treatment.
FIG. 3 is a photograph of the structure of an antimicrobial ultra-high strength high toughness stainless steel designed according to the nominal composition described in comparative example 1 after heat treatment.
FIG. 4 is a photograph of the structure of an antimicrobial ultra-high strength high toughness stainless steel designed according to the nominal composition described in comparative example 2 after heat treatment.
FIG. 5 shows the results of evaluation of antibacterial properties (in the figures, pure copper/blank, 420 martensitic steel, example 1 and comparative examples 1-3 were evaluated in order from top to bottom, and the concentration of E.coli was diluted to 10) 5 CFU/ml)。
FIG. 6 shows the polarization curves of the experimental and comparative materials measured in 3.5% NaCl solution under the optimal heat treatment conditions of example 3.
FIG. 7 is a photograph of the macroscopic morphology of a maraging stainless steel designed for the nominal composition described in example 3 and a control material subjected to salt spray corrosion for various periods of time.
Detailed Description
The following description is of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principle of the embodiments of the present invention, and these modifications and adaptations are intended to be within the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.
And (3) in-vitro antibacterial performance detection: the antibacterial performance is tested according to GB/T2591-2003 standard specification of antibacterial Plastic antibacterial Performance test method and antibacterial Effect. The calculation formula of the sterilization rate is as follows: the sterilization rate (%) = [ (number of viable bacteria on control sample-number of viable bacteria on high-strength high-toughness stainless steel sample)/number of viable bacteria on control sample ] ×100, wherein the number of viable bacteria on control sample refers to number of viable bacteria after bacterial culture on control sample, and the number of viable bacteria on high-strength high-toughness stainless steel refers to number of viable bacteria after bacterial culture on high-strength high-toughness stainless steel. The control sample was 420 martensitic stainless steel.
Hardness: hardness testing was performed using the Rockwell indentation method, which is conventional in the industry.
Mechanical property test: according to GB/T228.1-2010 section 1 of tensile test of metallic Material: room temperature test procedure room temperature tensile tests were conducted on the high strength, high toughness stainless steels of examples and comparative examples.
Impact toughness test: the room temperature impact test was carried out on the high strength and high toughness stainless steels of examples and comparative examples according to the GB/T229-1994 standard "Metal Charpy impact test method". Corrosion resistance test: the stainless steel was subjected to a polarization curve test, the reference electrode was a KCl saturated calomel electrode, the scanning speed was 0.5mV/s, and the electrolyte solution was 3.5% NaCl solution. The corrosion resistance was investigated by testing the pitting potential of the different examples.
Salt spray experimental test: the examples and comparative materials were subjected to neutral salt spray tests according to ASTM B117-2011 for various times.
Example 1
An antibacterial high-strength high-toughness stainless steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight:
c:0.0068%, cr:13.25%, ni:7.7%, co:7.27%, mo:3.15%, cu:1.09%, P < 0.01%, S < 0.01%, mn < 0.1%, fe: the balance.
The antibacterial high-strength high-toughness stainless steel is subjected to vacuum induction smelting, primary forging at 1100 ℃, final forging at 950 ℃, forging ratio of 8, and air cooling to room temperature after forging;
heat treatment schedule:
(1) Solution treatment: preserving the temperature at 1050 ℃ for 1h, and air-cooling to room temperature;
(2) And (3) deep cooling treatment: preserving heat in liquid nitrogen (-196 ℃) for 10 hours;
(3) Aging treatment: preserving the temperature at 480 ℃ for 60h, and air-cooling to room temperature.
Comparative example 1
The stainless steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c:0.01%, cr:13.32%, ni:7.52%, co:7.21%, mo:3.01%, cu:3.5%, P < 0.01%, S < 0.01%, mn < 0.1%, fe: the balance. The heat treatment process of the stainless steel is the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
The stainless steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c:0.01%, cr:13.52%, ni:6.52%, co:6.21%, mo:4.11%, cu:0.9%, P < 0.01%, S < 0.01%, mn < 0.1%, fe: the balance. The heat treatment process of the stainless steel is the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 3
The stainless steel has the same chemical composition as in the example 1, and the heat treatment process comprises the steps of firstly preserving heat at 1050 ℃ for 1h, and air-cooling to room temperature; then preserving the temperature in liquid nitrogen (-196 ℃) for 10 hours; and finally, preserving heat at 540 ℃ for 60 hours, and air-cooling to room temperature to obtain the antibacterial high-strength high-toughness stainless steel after heat treatment.
Comparative example 4
The stainless steel has the same chemical composition as in the example 1, and the heat treatment process comprises the steps of firstly preserving heat at 1050 ℃ for 1h, and air-cooling to room temperature; then preserving the temperature in liquid nitrogen (-196 ℃) for 10 hours; and finally, preserving heat at 430 ℃ for 60 hours, and air-cooling to room temperature to obtain the antibacterial high-strength high-toughness stainless steel after heat treatment.
Comparative example 5
The stainless steel has the same chemical composition as in the example 1, and the heat treatment process comprises the steps of firstly preserving heat at 1050 ℃ for 1h, and air-cooling to room temperature; then preserving the temperature in liquid nitrogen (-196 ℃) for 10 hours to obtain the antibacterial high-strength high-toughness stainless steel after heat treatment.
The results of the related antimicrobial tests, hardness tests, tensile tests, impact tests and pitting corrosion sites of example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 5 of the present invention are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 stainless steel performance test results
As shown in Table 1, the heat treatment state has no significant effect on the antibacterial property of the material, and excellent antibacterial properties can be achieved. And the different heat treatment modes have great influence on the strength and hardness of the material. As can be seen from comparative examples 2 to 4, the hardness and strength of the aged material are greatly improved, which indicates that the main strengthening mode of the material is a precipitation strengthening mode. When the temperature is too high, the material quickly reaches an overaging stage, a uniform and fine Mo-rich phase and a Cu-rich phase cannot be obtained, and the strength and the hardness cannot meet the requirements; when the temperature is too low, the rate of precipitation of the precipitated phase is slow, and it takes a long time to reach the peak aging state. Reasonable temperature control is therefore the basis for ensuring that the material achieves the target strength and hardness.
As can be seen from comparative example 1, the addition of Cu at too high a content of the material has no effect on the antibacterial effect, and the strength and hardness of the material are low. This is mainly because excessive Cu lowers the Ms point of the material, making the material contain a large amount of retained austenite, and not obtaining the entire martensitic structure. Therefore, the Cu content in the material must be reasonably controlled, and the Cu mass percentage in the invention must not exceed 2.0 percent.
As can be seen from comparative example 2, the Mo content exceeds the upper limit (3.5%) of the Mo content in the range of the stainless steel composition of this invention, and the metallographic structure shown in FIG. 4 shows that the maraging stainless steel composition of this alloy composition also does not satisfy the conditions, a large amount of second phases are precipitated at the grain boundaries, and further studies show that the second phases distributed along the grain boundaries are Mo-rich delta phases, which greatly impair the toughness of the material, so that the steel is ensured to have Mo content in the composition range required by the present invention in composition design.
The above results demonstrate that stainless steel has excellent strength, hardness, toughness and antibacterial properties only when the chemical composition and heat treatment process of the stainless steel are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 2
The difference from example 1 is that the content of a part of alloy elements is adjusted, the type of precipitated phases and the number density are changed, and mechanical properties and antibacterial properties different from those of example 1 are obtained.
The following nominal composition (wt.%): c:0.02%, cr:13.37%, ni:7.79%, co:7.40%, mo:2.94%, cu:0.4%, P < 0.01%, S < 0.01%, mn < 0.1%, fe: the balance. And after the ingredients and the materials are mixed, smelting in a vacuum induction smelting furnace. The ingot after melting was heat worked and heat treated as described in example 1.
Metallographic structure shows that the steel with the components is subjected to heat treatment to obtain a full martensitic structure, and the sterilization rate of the heat-treated antibacterial high-strength high-toughness stainless steel to escherichia coli is 92.01%; the antibacterial rate to staphylococcus aureus is 95.2%; the Rockwell hardness is 43.8HRC; the tensile strength is 1350MPa, the impact energy is 8J, the pitting corrosion point is-0.34V, the Cu content of the component steel is lower than that of the component steel in the example 1, the antibacterial effect is reduced, and meanwhile, the toughness of the material is greatly reduced because the structure does not contain reverse transformation austenite. Furthermore, the influence of Cu on the strength and toughness and antibacterial property of the material is demonstrated.
Example 3
The stainless steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c:0.007%, cr:12.10%, ni:7.31%, co:7.38%, mo:2.71%, cu:1.37%, P < 0.01%, S < 0.01%, mn < 0.1%, fe: the balance. And after the ingredients and the materials are mixed, smelting in a vacuum induction smelting furnace. The ingot after melting was heat worked and heat treated as described in example 1.
Metallographic analysis shows that the material can obtain martensite and a small amount of austenite structure under the heat treatment condition, which indicates that the component adjustment of the material is successful. Further antibacterial experiments show that the sterilization rate of the component steel to escherichia coli is 99.99%; the antibacterial rate to staphylococcus aureus is 99.99 percent. Meanwhile, a tensile test was performed on a peak aging time sample of the component steel at different aging temperatures.
The stretching results show that the optimized heat treatment process suitable for example 3 is: solution treatment (heat preservation at 1100 ℃ for 1.5h, air cooling to room temperature), cryogenic treatment (heat preservation in liquid nitrogen at 196 ℃ for 6 h), aging treatment (heat preservation at 500 ℃ for 40h, air cooling), wherein the tensile property of the material reaches 1403MPa under the heat treatment process, the tensile strength is lower than that of the material in the example 1, the impact energy is 80J, the potential polarization curve of the steel in the example is shown in figure 6, and the experimental material in the example 3 shows obvious passivation behavior, has a pitting potential of-0.23V and has excellent pitting corrosion resistance. In order to further characterize the seawater corrosion resistance of the steel of the present invention, the steel of the present invention was subjected to a salt spray test together with a comparative material, and the results are shown in FIG. 7, and the salt spray corrosion results show that the steel of the present invention has a corrosion resistance equivalent to 15-5PH and slightly superior to PH13-8Mo.
Experimental results show that the material of example 3 has more excellent impact toughness than example 1, but lower tensile strength, and is suitable for application occasions with higher requirements on toughness.
Example 4
The stainless steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c:0.007%, cr:13.65%, ni:6.61%, co:6.52%, mo:2.96%, cu:1.33%, P < 0.01%, S < 0.01%, mn < 0.1%, fe: the balance. And after the ingredients and the materials are mixed, smelting in a vacuum induction smelting furnace. The ingot after melting was heat worked and heat treated as described in example 1.
Metallographic structure observation shows that the structure of the component steel after heat treatment is martensite+partial austenite structure, and the peak aging state heat treatment process of the component steel comprises the following steps: solution treatment (heat preservation at 1100 ℃ for 1.5h, air cooling to room temperature), deep cooling treatment (heat preservation in liquid nitrogen at 196 ℃ for 10 h), aging treatment (heat preservation at 480 ℃ for 65h, air cooling), wherein the hardness of the material under the heat treatment process is 45.1HRC, the tensile property reaches 1430MPa, the tensile strength is equivalent to that of the material described in the example 3, the impact energy is 60J, and the pitting corrosion point is-0.17V. Further antibacterial performance tests show that the antibacterial high-strength high-toughness stainless steel after heat treatment has a sterilization rate of 99.99% on escherichia coli; the antibacterial rate to staphylococcus aureus is 99.99 percent. Namely, the component steel has excellent antibacterial property and mechanical property matching.
Example 5
The chemical composition of the stainless steel is designed according to the optimal composition as follows: c:0.005%, cr:13.05%, ni:7.71%, co:7.23%, mo:2.99%, cu:1.02%, P < 0.01%, S < 0.01%, mn < 0.1%, fe: the balance. And after the ingredients and the materials are mixed, smelting in a vacuum induction smelting furnace. The ingot after melting was heat worked and heat treated as described in example 1.
Metallographic structure observation shows that the structure of the component steel after heat treatment is martensite+partial austenite structure, and the peak aging state heat treatment process of the component steel comprises the following steps: solution treatment (heat preservation at 1100 ℃ for 1.0h, air cooling to room temperature), cryogenic treatment (heat preservation in liquid nitrogen at 196 ℃ for 10 h), aging treatment (heat preservation at 480 ℃ for 16h, air cooling), wherein the Rockwell hardness of the material under the heat treatment process is 46.5HRC, the tensile strength reaches 1480MPa, the strength is highest in the embodiment, the impact energy is 60J, the equivalent of the embodiment 4, and the pitting corrosion point is-0.25V. Further antibacterial performance tests show that the antibacterial high-strength high-toughness stainless steel after heat treatment has a sterilization rate of 99.99% on escherichia coli; the antibacterial rate to staphylococcus aureus is 99.99 percent. Namely, the component steel has optimal antibacterial property and mechanical property matching.
It should be noted that, based on the disclosure and the description of the foregoing specification, those skilled in the art may also make changes and modifications to the above-described embodiments. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and equivalent modifications and variations of the invention should be within the scope of the claims of the invention, so that, although specific terms are used in the description, these terms are for convenience of description and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The antibacterial ultra-high strength high toughness stainless steel material is characterized by comprising the following chemical components in percentage by weight:
c: less than 0.03%, cr:13.0 to 14.0 percent, ni:6.0 to 8.0 percent, co:6.0 to 8.0 percent, mo:2.5 to 3.5 percent, cu:0.5 to 2.0 percent, P: < 0.01%, S: < 0.01%, mn: < 0.1%, fe: the balance;
the preparation method of the antibacterial ultra-high strength high toughness stainless steel comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing the raw materials according to the chemical component requirements, and obtaining a stainless steel ingot through vacuum induction smelting and pouring;
(2) Forging a steel ingot in an austenite single-phase region: the initial forging temperature is 1080-1150 ℃, the final forging temperature is 950-1000 ℃, the forging ratio is 6-9, and the air cooling is carried out to room temperature after forging;
(3) And performing heat treatment after forging, wherein the heat treatment process comprises the following steps:
1) Solution treatment: preserving the temperature at 1050-1150 ℃ for 1-2 h, and air-cooling to room temperature;
2) And (3) deep cooling treatment: preserving heat in liquid nitrogen for 1-12 h;
3) Aging treatment: preserving heat for 2-100h at 450-520 ℃, and air cooling;
the structure of the obtained stainless steel is martensite, and the delta ferrite content in the structure is lower than 2%; the obtained stainless steel structure contains a molybdenum-rich phase and a copper-rich phase nano precipitated phase; the obtained stainless steel sigma b ≥1400MPa，σ 0.2 More than or equal to 1300MPa, charpy impact energy is more than 50J, and has excellent antibacterial performance and corrosion resistance.
2. The antimicrobial ultra-high strength high toughness stainless steel according to claim 1, wherein the chemical composition, in weight percent, is:
c: less than 0.03%, cr:13.0 to 14.0 percent, ni:6.0 to 8.0 percent, co:6.0 to 8.0 percent, mo:2.5 to 3.5 percent, cu:0.5 to 2.0 percent, P: < 0.01%, S: < 0.01%, mn: < 0.1%, fe: the balance.
3. The antimicrobial ultra-high strength high toughness stainless steel according to claim 1, wherein the chemical composition, in weight percent, is:
c: less than 0.01%, cr:13.0 to 13.1 percent, ni:7.7 to 7.8 percent, co:7.2 to 7.3 percent, mo:2.9 to 3.0 percent, cu:0.8 to 1.2 percent, P: < 0.01%, S: < 0.01%, mn: < 0.1%, fe: the balance.
4. A method for preparing the antibacterial ultra-high strength high toughness stainless steel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:
(1) Mixing the raw materials according to the chemical component requirements, and obtaining a stainless steel ingot through vacuum induction smelting and pouring;
(2) Forging a steel ingot in an austenite single-phase region: the initial forging temperature is 1080-1150 ℃, the final forging temperature is 950-1000 ℃, the forging ratio is 6-9, and the air cooling is carried out to room temperature after forging;
(3) And performing heat treatment after forging, wherein the heat treatment process comprises the following steps:
1) Solution treatment: preserving the temperature at 1050-1150 ℃ for 1-2 h, and air-cooling to room temperature;
2) And (3) deep cooling treatment: preserving heat in liquid nitrogen for 1-12 h;
3) Aging treatment: preserving heat for 2-100h at 450-520 ℃ and air cooling.
5. The method for preparing the antibacterial ultra-high strength high toughness stainless steel according to claim 4, wherein the heat treatment process is as follows:
(1) Preserving heat at 1100 ℃ for 1.0h, carrying out solution treatment, and carrying out air cooling;
(2) Cryogenic treatment in liquid nitrogen at the temperature of minus 196 ℃ for 10 hours, and air cooling;
(3) Preserving heat at 480 ℃ for 16h for aging treatment and air cooling.
6. Use of the antimicrobial ultra-high strength high toughness stainless steel material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the stainless steel is used for manufacturing medical equipment, sanitary ware, ocean platforms or turbine components.
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| US5411613A (en) * | 1993-10-05 | 1995-05-02 | United States Surgical Corporation | Method of making heat treated stainless steel needles |
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