CN116618563A - Forging method of large cylindrical forging with flange - Google Patents
Forging method of large cylindrical forging with flange Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116618563A CN116618563A CN202310779803.0A CN202310779803A CN116618563A CN 116618563 A CN116618563 A CN 116618563A CN 202310779803 A CN202310779803 A CN 202310779803A CN 116618563 A CN116618563 A CN 116618563A
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- forging
- flange
- blank
- reaming
- heating
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- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000010273 cold forging Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009750 centrifugal casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/003—Selecting material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
- B21J5/10—Piercing billets
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of forging of large cylindrical forgings, in particular to a forging method of a large cylindrical forgings with flanges, which is characterized in that the flange part of a finished product forgings is formed by drawing or expanding a cylinder body part, and the forging process comprises the following steps: s1, preparing a blank; s2, heating the blank; s3, ingot tail cutting; s4, punching and reaming; s5, pulling out the cylinder body; s6, pulling the flange. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: 1) The large cylindrical forging with the flange can be forged under the condition of less standard mandrel tools, so that the purposes of reducing the manufacturing cost and improving the production efficiency are realized. 2) The forging method is utilized to forge the cold forging with the flange and with the inner hole diameter of about 1500mm under the condition of 1250mm of the maximum diameter of the beam, 115 ten thousand yuan of production value is realized, and the blank in the field is created.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of forging of large cylindrical forgings, in particular to a forging method of a large cylindrical forgings with flanges.
Background
Many cold forgings are cylindrical structures with flanges, and a mandrel drawing process is required to forge the finished product. As the size of the large-sized roll increases, the size of the cold-forming tool used for centrifugal casting also increases gradually, and the size and the specification of the roll are more, so that the requirements on the size and the specification type of the mandrel tool required for forging the cold-forming forging also increase, one large mandrel tool for forging needs hundreds of thousands of yuan manufacturing cost, and a great amount of funds are required to be put into configuring various specifications. The manufacturing cost of a large mandrel tool is far higher than that of a forged cylindrical forging, so that if the number of forging products is small, it is difficult to realize that a cold forging with one specification can just have a proper mandrel tool to forge.
The Chinese patent application No. 202210124571.0 discloses a forging method of a short sleeve with a flange, which comprises the following steps: s1: preparing a blank; s2: heating the blank; s3: forging at first firing; s4: forging with a second fire, upsetting the whole blank and then drawing out; s5: forging for the third time, and locally upsetting the blank; s6: forging by a fourth firing time, and punching a blank; s7: and forging the cylinder body part blank at the fifth fire time, drawing the cylinder body part blank by a mandrel, and trimming the outer circle and the end face of the flange part to obtain a forging finished product. The method does not need to additionally increase a large number of process surplus blocks, thereby greatly reducing the weight of the blank and saving the production cost, but does not mention how to make up for the problem of incomplete tool specification when the size of the mandrel tool does not meet the forging requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a forging method of a large cylindrical forging with a flange, which overcomes the defects of the prior art, can forge a proper large cylindrical forging with a flange under the condition of less standard mandrel tools, and achieves the purposes of reducing the manufacturing cost and improving the production efficiency.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the forging method of the large cylindrical forging with the flange is characterized in that the flange part of the finished forging is formed by drawing or expanding a cylinder body part, and the forging process comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing a blank, wherein the blank adopts a steel ingot or a continuous casting blank;
s2: heating the blank according to a heating process curve;
s3: cutting ingot tails, forging a dead head of a steel ingot into a jaw for clamping by a forging operation vehicle when the steel ingot is adopted as a blank, cutting the ingot tails, and then returning to a furnace for heating; if the blank adopts a continuous casting blank, omitting the step;
s4: punching and reaming, namely upsetting and drawing out the steel ingot after the step S3, blanking and punching and reaming to a proper size of the existing mandrel tool or the existing beam tool with the size being close to that of the finished forging, and reserving smaller reaming quantity for final reaming as much as possible;
s5: the cylinder body is pulled out, a mandrel pulling tool is adopted to separate the flange and the cylinder body part, and the cylinder body is pulled out to the required length;
s6: and (3) flange pulling, namely, starting the reaming process of the shaft end by adopting a beam reaming process, and pulling the flange part by utilizing a shaft part with a longer length, or after the reaming of the shaft part is finished, reaming the flange part.
In the step S2, the heating process curve is as follows: heating the blank to 340-360 ℃ and preserving heat for 4.5-5.5 h, heating to 740-860 ℃ at the heating rate of 48-52 ℃/h, preserving heat for 4.5-9.5 h, heating to 1230-1250 ℃ at the heating rate of 96-98 ℃/h, preserving heat for more than 6h, starting forging, and carrying out normalizing and tempering heat treatment after forging.
In the step S4, the maximum difference between the diameter of the finished product of the forging and the diameter of the existing mandrel tool or the diameter of the existing bumper tool are 500mm.
In the step S5, if a beam is used as an elongation tool, a forging hammer is used for lightly pressing and reaming to separate the beam from the forging.
In the step S6, the diameter of the punched hole is 50-80 mm larger than the diameter of the mandrel.
The outer diameter range of the large cylindrical forging is 2000-3500mm, the inner diameter range is 1000-1800mm, the length range is 1500-3500mm, the outer diameter range of the flange is 2100-4000mm, and the thickness range of the flange is 100-500mm.
In the flange pulling process, visual inspection and infrared thermometers are adopted to monitor the temperature of the forging.
In the forging process, the flange part of the finished forging is formed by pulling or expanding the barrel part, and the temperature and the size are controlled in the principle that the forging temperature range is 1250-850 ℃, and the maximum value of the gap between the hole wall at one side of the inner hole and the gap of the bridge is added with the diameter of the bridge to reach the nominal value of the diameter size of the inner hole of the forging. The means for preventing cracks mainly meets the standard requirements through the control of forging temperature and the control of forging rolling reduction, and the rolling reduction is properly reduced in a low-temperature state. The effective means for preventing the dimensional deviation is to measure the diameter of the bridge before forging, and prevent the gap value between the bridge and the cylinder wall from being calculated incorrectly.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) The large cylindrical forging with the flange can be forged under the condition of less standard mandrel tools, so that the purposes of reducing the manufacturing cost and improving the production efficiency are realized. 2) The forging method is utilized to forge the cold forging with the flange and with the inner hole diameter of about 1500mm under the condition of 1250mm of the maximum diameter of the beam, 115 ten thousand yuan of production value is realized, and the blank in the technical field is created.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a forging structure of a cylindrical part in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, with a target dimension in brackets;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the deformation process of a blank prior to punching in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a blank for a split-milling of a bumper in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a blank size after blank reaming in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of mandrel drawing forging of a cylindrical member blank in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of a blank shape after a mandrel of a barrel is drawn in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a blank size of an embodiment of the invention after a mandrel of the barrel has been drawn;
FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of a cylindrical member blank for a split-reaming of a bumper in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic illustration of a continuation of the reaming of a cartridge blank in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-upper flat anvil, 2-blank, 3-horse bar, 4-horse frame, 5-forging manipulator and 6-lower flat anvil.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of 0 different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention.
1-9, the invention relates to a forging method implementation state schematic diagram of a large cylindrical forging with a flange, which is characterized in that the flange part of the finished forging is formed by drawing or expanding a cylinder body part, and the forging process comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing a blank, wherein the blank adopts a steel ingot; the weight of the steel ingot can be 10 tons to 100 tons, and the blanking is shown in fig. 1;
s2: heating the blank according to a heating process curve, wherein the heating process curve is as follows: heating the blank to 340-360 ℃ and preserving heat for 4.5-5.5 h, heating to 740-860 ℃ at the heating rate of 48-52 ℃/h, preserving heat for 4.5-9.5 h, heating to 1230-1250 ℃ at the heating rate of 96-98 ℃/h, preserving heat for more than 6h, starting forging, and carrying out normalizing and tempering heat treatment after forging.
S3: cutting ingot tails, forging a dead head of a steel ingot into a jaw for clamping by a forging operation vehicle when the steel ingot is adopted as a blank, cutting the ingot tails, and then returning to a furnace for heating; as shown in fig. 2.
S4: punching and reaming, namely upsetting and drawing out the steel ingot after the step S3, blanking and punching and reaming to a proper size of an existing mandrel tool or a beam tool with a size close to that of a finished forging, reserving a small reaming amount for final reaming as much as possible, arranging a beam 3 on a beam frame 4, and operating a blank 2 to turn over by a forging operation machine 5; as shown in fig. 3 and 4.
S5: the cylinder body is pulled out, a mandrel pulling tool is adopted to separate the flange and the cylinder body part, and the cylinder body is pulled out to the required length; as shown in fig. 5 to 7, the upper anvil 1 and the lower anvil 6 are used for forging a blank.
S6: and (3) flange pulling, namely, starting the reaming process of the shaft end by adopting a beam reaming process, and pulling the flange part by utilizing a shaft part with a longer length, or after the reaming of the shaft part is finished, reaming the flange part. As shown in fig. 8 and 9.
Referring to fig. 1, a structural schematic diagram of a forging piece of a cylindrical piece is shown, because of the existence of a flange, a mandrel tool with the diameter of 1450mm can only be used for drawing a finished product in the past, and a mandrel with the diameter of 1450mm is optimally selected for drawing a forged product, but most factories do not have such a large-size mandrel, and the mandrel tool with the largest diameter in the factory is often selected for forging, so that the allowance of Kong Duanzao is far beyond the actual requirement, and huge waste is caused.
And (5) drawing a mandrel with the maximum diameter and a tool with a bar with the maximum diameter of 1050mm in actual production, wherein the maximum diameter of the tool with the bar is 1250mm, and in order to reduce the final reaming difficulty, the bar with the maximum diameter of 1250mm is selected for drawing the mandrel, and the tool is taken out after the hole is slightly enlarged after the drawing is finished.
Referring to fig. 7, for the dimension of the forging after the mandrel is drawn, due to the existence of the flange, the flange position and the barrel body part deform unevenly in the reaming process, in order to reduce the influence, the right end part is firstly enlarged, then the barrel body adjacent to the flange is enlarged by the full anvil, and the reaming position is repeatedly changed by small reduction. The flange part is not needed to be pressed by an upper anvil during reaming, because the length of the inner hole is far longer than that of the flange, the stressed area of the outer circle of the flange is smaller than that of the inner hole, the outer circle of the flange is deformed, the inner hole is not deformed, and the diameter of the flange is reduced.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. The forging method of the large cylindrical forging with the flange is characterized in that the flange part of the finished forging is formed by drawing or expanding a cylinder body part, and the forging process comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing a blank, wherein the blank adopts a steel ingot or a continuous casting blank;
s2: heating the blank according to a heating process curve;
s3: cutting ingot tails, forging a dead head of a steel ingot into a jaw for clamping by a forging operation vehicle when the steel ingot is adopted as a blank, cutting the ingot tails, and then returning to a furnace for heating; if the blank adopts a continuous casting blank, omitting the step;
s4: punching and reaming, namely upsetting and drawing out the steel ingot after the step S3, blanking and punching and reaming to a proper size of the existing mandrel tool or the existing beam tool with the size being close to that of the finished forging, and reserving smaller reaming quantity for final reaming as much as possible;
s5: the cylinder body is pulled out, a mandrel pulling tool is adopted to separate the flange and the cylinder body part, and the cylinder body is pulled out to the required length;
s6: and (3) flange pulling, namely, starting the reaming process of the shaft end by adopting a beam reaming process, and pulling the flange part by utilizing a shaft part with a longer length, or after the reaming of the shaft part is finished, reaming the flange part.
2. The forging method of a large cylindrical forging with flange according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, a heating process curve is: heating the blank to 340-360 ℃ and preserving heat for 4.5-5.5 h, heating to 740-860 ℃ at the heating rate of 48-52 ℃/h, preserving heat for 4.5-9.5 h, heating to 1230-1250 ℃ at the heating rate of 96-98 ℃/h, preserving heat for more than 6h, starting forging, and carrying out normalizing and tempering heat treatment after forging.
3. A method for forging a large cylindrical forging with flanges according to claim 1, wherein in said step S4, the maximum difference between the diameter of the finished forging and the existing mandrel tool or the existing mandrel tool is 500mm.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S5, if a bridge is used as the drawing tool, the bridge is separated from the forging by lightly pressing and reaming with a forging hammer.
5. The forging method of a large cylindrical forging with flange according to claim 1, wherein in said step S6, the diameter of the punched hole is 50-80 mm larger than the diameter of the mandrel.
6. The forging method of a large cylindrical forging with flanges according to claim 1, wherein the outer diameter of the large cylindrical forging ranges from 2000 to 3500mm, the inner diameter ranges from 1000 to 1800mm, the length ranges from 1500 to 3500mm, the outer diameter of the flanges ranges from 2100 to 4000mm, and the thickness of the flanges ranges from 100 to 500mm.
7. The method for forging a large cylindrical forging with a flange according to claim 1, wherein visual inspection and infrared thermometers are used for monitoring the temperature of the forging during the flange drawing process.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310779803.0A CN116618563A (en) | 2023-06-29 | 2023-06-29 | Forging method of large cylindrical forging with flange |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310779803.0A CN116618563A (en) | 2023-06-29 | 2023-06-29 | Forging method of large cylindrical forging with flange |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116618563A true CN116618563A (en) | 2023-08-22 |
Family
ID=87592227
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310779803.0A Pending CN116618563A (en) | 2023-06-29 | 2023-06-29 | Forging method of large cylindrical forging with flange |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116618563A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-06-29 CN CN202310779803.0A patent/CN116618563A/en active Pending
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