CN116618418B - A solid waste treatment device for environmental protection - Google Patents
A solid waste treatment device for environmental protection Download PDFInfo
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- CN116618418B CN116618418B CN202310903849.9A CN202310903849A CN116618418B CN 116618418 B CN116618418 B CN 116618418B CN 202310903849 A CN202310903849 A CN 202310903849A CN 116618418 B CN116618418 B CN 116618418B
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- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010981 drying operation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000010868 animal carcass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
- B09B3/35—Shredding, crushing or cutting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
- B09B3/32—Compressing or compacting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及固体废物处理技术领域,更具体地说,它涉及一种环境保护用固体废物处理装置。The present invention relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, and more specifically, to a solid waste treatment device for environmental protection.
背景技术Background technique
固体废物是指人类在生产、消费、生活和其他活动中产生的固态、半固态废弃物质,其主要包括固体颗粒、垃圾、炉渣、污泥、废弃的制品、破损器皿、残次品、动物尸体、变质食品、人畜粪便等。Solid waste refers to solid and semi-solid waste materials generated by humans in production, consumption, life and other activities, which mainly include solid particles, garbage, slag, sludge, discarded products, damaged utensils, defective products, and animal carcasses. , spoiled food, human and animal feces, etc.
在对固体废物进行处理时,通常需要对固体废物进行压缩处理,方便后续的运输和填埋作业;在对固体废物进行压缩的过程中,固体废物中的大尺寸杂物会无法放入压缩设备内进行压缩作业,需要通过粉碎机将固体废物粉碎后,再将粉碎后的固体废物输送至压缩设备内进行压缩,工序复杂造成固体废物的处理效率低下;同时固体废物中会存在大量水分,固体废物在压缩过程中水分过多会影响到固体废物的压缩成型,最终导致压缩失败。When processing solid waste, it is usually necessary to compress the solid waste to facilitate subsequent transportation and landfill operations; during the process of compressing solid waste, large-sized debris in the solid waste will not be able to be put into the compression equipment To carry out compression operations in a pulverizer, the solid waste needs to be crushed by a pulverizer, and then the crushed solid waste is transported to the compression equipment for compression. The complex process results in low efficiency of solid waste treatment; at the same time, there will be a large amount of moisture in the solid waste, and the solid waste will be compressed. Excessive moisture in the waste during the compression process will affect the compression molding of the solid waste, eventually leading to compression failure.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对现有技术存在的不足,本发明的目的在于提供一种环境保护用固体废物处理装置,用于解决上述技术问题。In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a solid waste treatment device for environmental protection to solve the above technical problems.
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案实现:The object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
一种环境保护用固体废物处理装置,包括入料管,所述入料管底部连通有粉碎管,粉碎管内设置有用于粉碎固体废物的粉碎机,所述粉碎管底部设置有分料机构,分料机构用于控制碎料的出料;所述分料机构包括分料管,所述分料管等弧度开设有多个出料孔,多个所述出料孔上均转动安装有出料导向板,所述分料管内底部设置有下料引导座;当需要排出分料管内的碎料时,通过转动电机带动出料导向板向下移动,碎料在下料引导座的引导下,通过出料孔并沿着出料导向板上排出;当不需要排出分料管内的碎料时,通过转动电机带动出料导向板向上移动,此时碎料堆积在分料管内;A solid waste treatment device for environmental protection, including a feeding pipe. A crushing pipe is connected to the bottom of the feeding pipe. A crusher for crushing solid waste is provided in the crushing pipe. A material distributing mechanism is provided at the bottom of the crushing pipe. The material distributing mechanism is used to control the discharging of broken materials; the distributing mechanism includes a distributing pipe, the distributing pipe is provided with a plurality of discharging holes in equal arcs, and the plurality of discharging holes are rotatably installed with discharging materials. Guide plate, the bottom of the material distribution pipe is provided with a discharge guide seat; when the scraps in the material distribution pipe need to be discharged, the discharge guide plate is driven downward by rotating the motor, and the scraps pass through under the guidance of the discharge guide seat. The discharging hole is discharged along the discharging guide plate; when there is no need to discharge the scraps in the distributing pipe, the discharging guide plate is driven upward by rotating the motor, and at this time the scraps are accumulated in the distributing pipe;
所述分料机构底部设置有支撑座,所述支撑座上设置有干燥机构,所述干燥机构用于对碎料进行干燥作业,去除碎料中的水分,避免碎料在压缩过程中水分过多影响碎料的压缩成型;The bottom of the material distribution mechanism is provided with a support seat, and the support seat is provided with a drying mechanism. The drying mechanism is used to dry the scraps, remove moisture in the scraps, and avoid excessive moisture in the scraps during the compression process. It mostly affects the compression molding of scrap materials;
所述干燥机构包括承载底座,所述承载底座上方设置有烘干机座,所述烘干机座底部设置有电热丝,电热丝用于对承载底座上碎料进行烘干作业,所述烘干机座底部固定连接有固定环,所述固定环与承载底座抵接配合,所述固定环与承载底座形成可承载碎料的储料空间;所述承载底座上设置有调节组件,所述调节组件用于均匀铺设承载底座上的碎料,所述调节组件包括调节座,所述调节座顶部转动安装有多个调节杆,所述调节座转动安装于承载底座上;The drying mechanism includes a load-bearing base, a dryer base is provided above the load-bearing base, and an electric heating wire is provided at the bottom of the dryer base. The electric heating wire is used to dry the scraps on the load-bearing base. A fixed ring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the dryer base, and the fixed ring is in contact with the load-bearing base. The fixed ring and the load-bearing base form a storage space that can carry broken materials; an adjustment component is provided on the load-bearing base, and the The adjustment assembly is used to evenly lay the scraps on the load-bearing base. The adjustment assembly includes an adjustment base. A plurality of adjustment rods are rotatably installed on the top of the adjustment base. The adjustment base is rotatably installed on the load-bearing base;
所述干燥机构底部设置有用于储藏碎料的储料桶,所述储料桶底部设置有对碎料进行压缩成型的压缩机构。A storage barrel for storing broken materials is provided at the bottom of the drying mechanism, and a compression mechanism for compressing and molding the broken materials is provided at the bottom of the storage barrel.
作为本发明进一步的方案,所述承载底座滑动安装于支撑座上,所述烘干机座固定安装于支撑座上,所述烘干机座上开设有多个入料孔,多个所述入料孔与多个所述出料导向板一一对应,使得出料导向板内排出的碎料可以通过入料孔落入承载底座上。As a further solution of the present invention, the bearing base is slidably installed on the support base, the dryer base is fixedly installed on the support base, and a plurality of feeding holes are provided on the dryer base, and a plurality of the The feed holes correspond to the plurality of discharge guide plates one by one, so that the scraps discharged from the discharge guide plates can fall onto the bearing base through the feed holes.
作为本发明进一步的方案,所述调节座底部套设有驱动齿轮一,所述驱动齿轮一啮合连接驱动齿轮二,所述驱动齿轮二套设于驱动电机输出轴上,所述驱动电机固定安装于承载底座底部。As a further solution of the present invention, the bottom of the adjustment seat is equipped with a driving gear one, the driving gear one is meshed with the driving gear two, the driving gear two is sleeved on the output shaft of the driving motor, and the driving motor is fixedly installed at the bottom of the bearing base.
作为本发明进一步的方案,所述烘干机座底部固定安装有两个电动推杆,两个所述电动推杆活塞杆固定连接于承载底座上。As a further solution of the present invention, two electric push rods are fixedly installed at the bottom of the dryer base, and the two electric push rod piston rods are fixedly connected to the bearing base.
作为本发明进一步的方案,所述压缩机构包括承载架,所述承载架内固定安装有压缩架,所述压缩架内滑动安装有压缩板,所述压缩架一侧固定安装有液压缸,所述液压缸活塞杆固定连接压缩板一侧,所述压缩架顶部开设有进料口,所述储料桶底部连通有出料管,所述出料管连通于进料口上。As a further solution of the present invention, the compression mechanism includes a bearing frame, a compression frame is fixedly installed in the bearing frame, a compression plate is slidably installed in the compression frame, and a hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed on one side of the compression frame, so The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to one side of the compression plate. A feed port is provided on the top of the compression frame. A discharge pipe is connected to the bottom of the storage barrel. The discharge pipe is connected to the feed opening.
作为本发明进一步的方案,所述压缩架一侧固定安装有固定架,所述固定架顶部设置有升降气缸,所述压缩架端部滑动安装有升降板,所述升降气缸固定连接升降板顶部。As a further solution of the present invention, a fixed frame is fixedly installed on one side of the compression frame, a lifting cylinder is provided on the top of the fixed frame, a lifting plate is slidably installed on the end of the compression frame, and the lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the lifting plate. .
作为本发明进一步的方案,所述烘干机座通过多个连接杆固定安装于储料桶上,所述承载架上固定安装有支撑架,所述支撑架固定安装于储料桶底部。As a further solution of the present invention, the dryer base is fixedly installed on the storage barrel through a plurality of connecting rods, a support frame is fixedly installed on the bearing frame, and the support frame is fixedly installed on the bottom of the storage barrel.
作为本发明进一步的方案,所述分料管顶部与粉碎管连通,所述分料管底部固定安装于支撑座上,所述分料管内设置有多个用于带动出料导向板转动的转动电机。As a further solution of the present invention, the top of the material distribution pipe is connected with the crushing pipe, the bottom of the material distribution pipe is fixedly installed on the support seat, and a plurality of rotating wheels for driving the discharging guide plate to rotate are provided in the material distribution pipe. motor.
一种环境保护用固体废物处理装置的工作方法,包括如下步骤:A working method of a solid waste treatment device for environmental protection, including the following steps:
步骤一:通过向入料管添加固体废物,固体废物经过粉碎管的粉碎机,利用粉碎机将固体废物粉碎后得到碎料后,通过转动电机带动出料导向板向下移动,碎料在下料引导座的引导下,通过出料孔并沿着出料导向板上排出,并落入底部的储料空间内;Step 1: By adding solid waste to the feeding pipe, the solid waste passes through the crusher of the crushing pipe. After the solid waste is crushed by the crusher to obtain the scraps, the discharge guide plate is driven downward by rotating the motor, and the scraps are unloaded. Under the guidance of the guide seat, it is discharged through the discharge hole and along the discharge guide plate, and falls into the storage space at the bottom;
步骤二:启动驱动电机,驱动电机带动驱动齿轮二转动,驱动齿轮二啮合驱动齿轮一带动调节座转动,进而带动调节座顶部的多个调节杆转动,调节杆搅动承载底座上的碎料,使得堆叠在承载底座上的碎料可以均匀铺设在储料空间内,通过烘干机座底部的电热丝对储料空间上的碎料进行烘干作业,利用调节杆持续翻动储料空间内的碎料,提高了碎料与热气流的接触面积,进一步提高了碎料的干燥效率;Step 2: Start the drive motor. The drive motor drives the second drive gear to rotate. The second drive gear meshes with the drive gear 1 to drive the adjustment base to rotate, which in turn drives multiple adjustment rods on the top of the adjustment base to rotate. The adjustment rods stir the scraps on the bearing base, so that The scraps stacked on the load-bearing base can be laid evenly in the storage space. The scraps in the storage space are dried through the electric heating wire at the bottom of the dryer base, and the adjusting rod is used to continuously turn the scraps in the storage space. material, which increases the contact area between the crushed material and the hot air flow, further improving the drying efficiency of the crushed material;
步骤三:启动电动推杆,电动推杆带动承载底座向下移动,实现承载底座和固定环之间的分离,当承载底座移动至储料桶内时,通过调节杆转动,调节杆快速转动将承载底座上的碎料从承载底座上推出,使得碎料落入储料桶内;Step 3: Start the electric push rod. The electric push rod drives the load-bearing base to move downward to realize the separation between the load-bearing base and the fixed ring. When the load-bearing base moves into the storage bucket, the adjusting rod rotates and the adjusting rod quickly rotates to separate the load-bearing base and the fixed ring. The broken materials on the bearing base are pushed out from the bearing base, causing the broken materials to fall into the storage bucket;
步骤四:储料桶内的碎料经过出料管和进料口落入压缩架内,启动液压缸,液压缸活塞杆带动压缩板移动,压缩板配合压缩架以及升降板压缩压缩架内的碎料,通过升降气缸带动升降板向上移动,利用液压缸推动压缩板将压缩架内成型的碎料推出压缩架内,完成碎料的成型,实现固体废物的处理。Step 4: The broken materials in the storage barrel fall into the compression rack through the discharge pipe and the feed port. Start the hydraulic cylinder. The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder drives the compression plate to move. The compression plate cooperates with the compression rack and the lifting plate to compress the components in the compression rack. The scraped materials are driven by the lifting cylinder to move the lifting plate upwards, and the hydraulic cylinder is used to push the compression plate to push the scraped materials formed in the compression frame out of the compression frame to complete the shaping of the scraps and realize the treatment of solid waste.
与现有方案相比,本发明的有益效果:Compared with existing solutions, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
本发明通过设置干燥机构,干燥机构内的调节组件用于将碎料均匀的铺设于承载底座上,利用烘干机座底部的电热丝对承载底座上的碎料进行烘干作业,去除碎料中的水分,避免碎料中水分过多导致碎料难以压缩成型,转动的调节杆可时刻翻新储料空间内的碎料,进一步提高了碎料的干燥效率;In the present invention, a drying mechanism is provided. The adjustment component in the drying mechanism is used to evenly lay the scraps on the bearing base. The electric heating wire at the bottom of the dryer base is used to dry the scraps on the bearing base and remove the scraps. to prevent excessive moisture in the scrap material from causing difficulty in compression molding. The rotating adjustment rod can refresh the scrap material in the storage space at any time, further improving the drying efficiency of the scrap material;
通过设置分料机构,分料机构用于控制碎料的下料速度和下料量,同时可以将碎料通过多个出料导向板铺设于承载底座上,避免碎料堆积过量,导致碎料从固定环上溢出,影响后续的干燥作业;通过设置压缩机构,压缩机构将干燥后的碎料压缩成型,实现对固体废物的处理作业;By setting up a material distribution mechanism, the material distribution mechanism is used to control the cutting speed and quantity of the scraps. At the same time, the scraps can be laid on the load-bearing base through multiple discharge guide plates to avoid excessive accumulation of scraps, resulting in scraps. It overflows from the fixed ring and affects the subsequent drying operation; by setting up a compression mechanism, the compression mechanism compresses and shapes the dried scraps to realize the processing of solid waste;
本发明中通过设置入料管、粉碎管、分料机构、干燥机构以及压缩机构,实现了对固体废物中大尺寸杂物的粉碎、粉碎后碎料的干燥以及碎料的压缩成型,实现了对固体废物处理的一体化作业,无需多个设备来对固体废物进行处理,降低了固体废物处理的工序,极大的提高了固体废物的处理效率。In the present invention, by arranging the feeding pipe, the crushing pipe, the material distribution mechanism, the drying mechanism and the compression mechanism, the crushing of large-sized debris in the solid waste, the drying of the crushed scraps and the compression molding of the scraps are realized. The integrated operation of solid waste treatment eliminates the need for multiple equipment to process solid waste, reduces the process of solid waste treatment, and greatly improves the efficiency of solid waste treatment.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明一种环境保护用固体废物处理装置的结构示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a solid waste treatment device for environmental protection according to the present invention.
图2为本发明中分料机构的结构示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the material distribution mechanism in the present invention.
图3为本发明中干燥机构的结构示意图。Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the drying mechanism in the present invention.
图4为本发明中承载底座的结构示意图。Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the bearing base in the present invention.
图5为本发明中调节组件的结构示意图。Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the adjustment assembly in the present invention.
图6为本发明中烘干机座的结构示意图。Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the drying machine base in the present invention.
图7为本发明中压缩机构的结构示意图。Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the compression mechanism in the present invention.
图中:1、入料管;2、粉碎管;3、分料机构;31、分料管;32、出料导向板;33、下料引导座;4、干燥机构;41、承载底座;42、烘干机座;43、入料孔;44、电动推杆;45、固定环;46、调节组件;461、调节座;462、调节杆;463、驱动齿轮一;464、驱动齿轮二;465、驱动电机;47、电热丝;5、支撑座;6、储料桶;7、压缩机构;71、承载架;72、支撑架;73、压缩架;74、进料口;75、压缩板;76、升降板;77、升降气缸。In the picture: 1. Feed pipe; 2. Crushing pipe; 3. Distribution mechanism; 31. Distribution pipe; 32. Discharge guide plate; 33. Discharge guide seat; 4. Drying mechanism; 41. Bearing base; 42. Dryer base; 43. Feed hole; 44. Electric push rod; 45. Fixed ring; 46. Adjustment component; 461. Adjustment seat; 462. Adjustment rod; 463. Driving gear one; 464. Driving gear two ; 465. Drive motor; 47. Heating wire; 5. Support base; 6. Storage bucket; 7. Compression mechanism; 71. Bearing frame; 72. Support frame; 73. Compression frame; 74. Feed port; 75. Compression plate; 76. Lifting plate; 77. Lifting cylinder.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。本发明的实施例是为了示例和描述起见而给出的,而并不是无遗漏的或者将本发明限于所公开的形式。很多修改和变化对于本领域的普通技术人员而言是显而易见的。选择和描述实施例是为了更好说明本发明的原理和实际应用,并且使本领域的普通技术人员能够理解本发明从而设计适于特定用途的带有各种修改的各种实施例。The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention are presented for purposes of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiment was chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the invention and design various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.
实施例1Example 1
参照图1-图7所示,本发明为一种环境保护用固体废物处理装置,包括入料管1,入料管1底部连通有粉碎管2,粉碎管2内设置有用于粉碎固体废物的粉碎机,粉碎机将固体废物粉碎后得到碎料,粉碎管2底部设置有分料机构3,分料机构3用于控制碎料的出料;分料机构3底部设置有支撑座5,支撑座5上设置有干燥机构4,干燥机构4用于对碎料进行干燥作业,去除碎料中的水分,避免碎料在压缩过程中水分过多影响碎料的压缩成型,干燥机构4底部设置有用于储藏碎料的储料桶6,储料桶6底部设置有对碎料进行压缩成型的压缩机构7;Referring to Figures 1 to 7, the present invention is a solid waste treatment device for environmental protection, which includes a feed pipe 1. The bottom of the feed pipe 1 is connected to a crushing pipe 2, and a crushing pipe 2 is provided with a device for crushing solid waste. Crusher, the crusher crushes solid waste to obtain scraps. The bottom of the crushing tube 2 is provided with a distributing mechanism 3. The distributing mechanism 3 is used to control the discharging of the scraps. The bottom of the distributing mechanism 3 is provided with a support seat 5, which supports The base 5 is provided with a drying mechanism 4. The drying mechanism 4 is used to dry the scraps, remove the moisture in the scraps, and prevent excessive moisture from affecting the compression molding of the scraps during the compression process. The drying mechanism 4 is set at the bottom. There is a storage bucket 6 for storing scraps, and a compression mechanism 7 for compressing and molding the scraps is provided at the bottom of the storage bucket 6;
本发明通过设置入料管1、粉碎管2、分料机构3、干燥机构4以及压缩机构7,实现了对固体废物中大尺寸杂物的粉碎、粉碎后碎料的干燥以及碎料的压缩成型,实现了对固体废物处理的一体化作业,无需多个设备来对固体废物进行处理,降低了固体废物处理的工序,极大的提高了固体废物的处理效率。By arranging the feeding pipe 1, the crushing pipe 2, the material distribution mechanism 3, the drying mechanism 4 and the compression mechanism 7, the present invention realizes the crushing of large-sized debris in solid waste, the drying of the crushed scraps and the compression of the scraps. Molding realizes the integrated operation of solid waste treatment, eliminating the need for multiple equipment to process solid waste, reducing the solid waste treatment process and greatly improving the efficiency of solid waste treatment.
具体的,分料机构3包括分料管31,分料管31等弧度开设有多个出料孔,多个出料孔上均转动安装有出料导向板32,分料管31内底部设置有下料引导座33,下料引导座33的横截面为圆台状,上端直径小下端直径大,下料引导座33用于引导碎料的排出,使得碎料可以通过出料导向板32输送至承载底座41上;Specifically, the distributing mechanism 3 includes a distributing pipe 31. The distributing pipe 31 is provided with a plurality of discharging holes in equal arcs. Discharging guide plates 32 are rotatably installed on the discharging holes. The inner bottom of the distributing pipe 31 is provided with a discharging guide plate 32. There is a discharge guide seat 33. The cross section of the discharge guide seat 33 is a truncated cone shape with a small diameter at the upper end and a large diameter at the lower end. The discharge guide seat 33 is used to guide the discharge of the scraps so that the scraps can be transported through the discharge guide plate 32. to the bearing base 41;
分料管31顶部与粉碎管2连通,分料管31底部固定安装于支撑座5上,分料管31内设置有多个用于带动出料导向板32转动的转动电机;当需要排出分料管31内的碎料时,通过转动电机带动出料导向板32向下移动,碎料在下料引导座33的引导下,通过出料孔并沿着出料导向板32上排出;当不需要排出分料管31内的碎料时,通过转动电机带动出料导向板32向上移动,此时碎料堆积在分料管31内;The top of the material distribution pipe 31 is connected with the crushing pipe 2, and the bottom of the material distribution pipe 31 is fixedly installed on the support base 5. A plurality of rotating motors for driving the discharging guide plate 32 to rotate are provided in the material distribution pipe 31; when the materials need to be discharged, When there are scraps in the material tube 31, the rotating motor drives the discharging guide plate 32 to move downward. Under the guidance of the discharging guide seat 33, the scraps pass through the discharging hole and are discharged along the discharging guide plate 32; when no When it is necessary to discharge the scraps in the material distribution pipe 31, the discharge guide plate 32 is driven to move upward by rotating the motor. At this time, the scraps are accumulated in the material distribution pipe 31;
分料机构3用于控制碎料的下料速度和下料量,同时可以将碎料通过多个出料导向板32铺设于承载底座41上,避免碎料堆积过量,导致碎料从固定环45上溢出,影响后续的干燥作业。The distributing mechanism 3 is used to control the cutting speed and amount of scraps. At the same time, the scraps can be laid on the load-bearing base 41 through multiple discharging guide plates 32 to avoid excessive accumulation of scraps, causing the scraps to escape from the fixed ring. 45 overflows, affecting subsequent drying operations.
具体的,干燥机构4包括承载底座41,承载底座41滑动安装于支撑座5上,承载底座41上方设置有烘干机座42,烘干机座42固定安装于支撑座5上,烘干机座42上开设有多个入料孔43,多个入料孔43与多个出料导向板32一一对应,使得出料导向板32内排出的碎料可以通过入料孔43落入承载底座41上,烘干机座42底部设置有电热丝47,电热丝47通过电源供电,电热丝47用于对承载底座41上碎料进行烘干作业,提高碎料的干燥效率,烘干机座42底部固定连接有固定环45,固定环45与承载底座41抵接配合,固定环45与承载底座41形成可承载碎料的储料空间,储料空间内用于储存出料导向板32上排出的碎料;Specifically, the drying mechanism 4 includes a load-bearing base 41, which is slidably installed on the support base 5. A dryer base 42 is provided above the load-bearing base 41, and the dryer base 42 is fixedly installed on the support base 5. The dryer The seat 42 is provided with a plurality of feeding holes 43, which correspond to the plurality of discharging guide plates 32 one by one, so that the scraps discharged from the discharging guide plate 32 can fall into the bearing through the feeding holes 43. On the base 41, an electric heating wire 47 is provided at the bottom of the dryer base 42. The electric heating wire 47 is powered by a power supply. The electric heating wire 47 is used to dry the scraps on the base 41 to improve the drying efficiency of the scraps. The dryer A fixed ring 45 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the seat 42. The fixed ring 45 is in contact with the load-bearing base 41. The fixed ring 45 and the load-bearing base 41 form a storage space that can carry broken materials. The storage space is used to store the discharge guide plate 32. The scraps discharged from above;
烘干机座42通过多个连接杆固定安装于储料桶6上;The dryer base 42 is fixedly installed on the storage barrel 6 through multiple connecting rods;
承载底座41上设置有调节组件46,调节组件46用于均匀铺设承载底座41上的碎料,提高碎料的干燥效率,调节组件46包括调节座461,调节座461顶部转动安装有多个调节杆462,调节座461转动安装于承载底座41上,调节座461底部套设有驱动齿轮一463,驱动齿轮一463啮合连接驱动齿轮二464,驱动齿轮二464套设于驱动电机465输出轴上,驱动电机465固定安装于承载底座41底部;The load-bearing base 41 is provided with an adjustment assembly 46. The adjustment assembly 46 is used to evenly lay the scraps on the load-bearing base 41 and improve the drying efficiency of the scraps. The adjustment assembly 46 includes an adjustment base 461, and multiple adjustments are mounted on the top of the adjustment base 461. The rod 462 and the adjusting seat 461 are rotatably installed on the bearing base 41. The bottom of the adjusting seat 461 is equipped with a driving gear 463. The driving gear 463 is meshed and connected to the driving gear 2 464. The driving gear 464 is sleeved on the output shaft of the driving motor 465. , the drive motor 465 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the bearing base 41;
通过启动驱动电机465,驱动电机465带动驱动齿轮二464转动,驱动齿轮二464啮合驱动齿轮一463带动调节座461转动,进而调节座461顶部的多个调节杆462转动,调节杆462搅动承载底座41上的碎料,使得堆叠在承载底座41上的碎料可以均匀铺设在储料空间内,便于烘干机座42上电热丝47的烘干作业,提高了碎料的干燥效率,同时可转动的调节杆462可时刻翻新储料空间内的碎料,进一步提高了碎料的干燥效率;By starting the drive motor 465, the drive motor 465 drives the drive gear 464 to rotate, the drive gear 464 meshes with the drive gear 463 to drive the adjustment base 461 to rotate, and then the multiple adjustment rods 462 on the top of the adjustment base 461 rotate, and the adjustment rods 462 stir the load-bearing base. 41, the scraps stacked on the bearing base 41 can be evenly laid in the storage space, which facilitates the drying operation of the electric heating wire 47 on the dryer base 42, improves the drying efficiency of the scraps, and at the same time can The rotating adjusting rod 462 can renovate the scraps in the storage space at any time, further improving the drying efficiency of the scraps;
烘干机座42底部固定安装有两个电动推杆44,两个电动推杆44活塞杆固定连接于承载底座41上,通过启动电动推杆44,电动推杆44带动承载底座41向下移动,实现承载底座41和固定环45之间的分离,使得后续调节杆462可以将承载底座41碎料排放出去;Two electric push rods 44 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the dryer base 42. The piston rods of the two electric push rods 44 are fixedly connected to the load-bearing base 41. By starting the electric push rods 44, the electric push rods 44 drive the load-bearing base 41 to move downward. , realize the separation between the load-bearing base 41 and the fixed ring 45, so that the subsequent adjustment rod 462 can discharge the debris from the load-bearing base 41;
当需要排放承载底座41上的碎料时,承载底座41移动至储料桶6内时,通过调节杆462转动,调节杆462快速转动将承载底座41上的碎料从承载底座41上推出,使得碎料落入储料桶6内。When it is necessary to discharge the scraps on the load-bearing base 41, when the load-bearing base 41 moves into the storage bucket 6, the adjusting rod 462 is rotated, and the adjusting rod 462 rotates rapidly to push the scraps on the load-bearing base 41 out of the load-bearing base 41. Make the broken materials fall into the storage barrel 6.
具体的,压缩机构7包括承载架71,承载架71上固定安装有支撑架72,支撑架72固定安装于储料桶6底部,承载架71内固定安装有压缩架73,压缩架73内滑动安装有压缩板75,压缩架73一侧固定安装有液压缸,液压缸设置于承载架71内,液压缸活塞杆固定连接压缩板75一侧,通过启动液压缸,液压缸活塞杆带动压缩板75移动,压缩板75压缩压缩架73内的碎料;压缩架73顶部开设有进料口74,储料桶6底部连通有出料管,出料管连通于进料口74上,出料管横截面为倒圆台状,出料管顶部直径大底部直径小,便于碎料沿着出料管上排出,出料管上设置有控制出料管开闭的控制阀;Specifically, the compression mechanism 7 includes a load-bearing frame 71, a support frame 72 is fixedly installed on the load-bearing frame 71, the support frame 72 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the storage barrel 6, a compression frame 73 is fixedly installed in the load-bearing frame 71, and the compression frame 73 slides inside. A compression plate 75 is installed. A hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed on one side of the compression frame 73. The hydraulic cylinder is arranged in the bearing frame 71. The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to one side of the compression plate 75. By starting the hydraulic cylinder, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder drives the compression plate. 75 moves, the compression plate 75 compresses the broken materials in the compression rack 73; a feed port 74 is provided at the top of the compression rack 73, and a discharge pipe is connected to the bottom of the storage barrel 6, and the discharge pipe is connected to the feed port 74, and the material is discharged The cross-section of the pipe is in the shape of a rounded cone. The top diameter of the discharge pipe is large and the bottom diameter is small, which facilitates the discharge of scraps along the discharge pipe. The discharge pipe is equipped with a control valve to control the opening and closing of the discharge pipe;
压缩架73一侧固定安装有固定架,固定架顶部设置有升降气缸77,压缩架73端部滑动安装有升降板76,升降气缸77固定连接升降板76顶部;A fixed frame is fixedly installed on one side of the compression frame 73, and a lifting cylinder 77 is provided on the top of the fixed frame. A lifting plate 76 is slidably installed at the end of the compression frame 73, and the lifting cylinder 77 is fixedly connected to the top of the lifting plate 76;
储料桶6内的碎料经过出料管和进料口74落入压缩架73内,启动液压缸,液压缸活塞杆带动压缩板75移动,压缩板75配合压缩架73以及升降板76压缩压缩架73内的碎料,通过升降气缸77带动升降板76向上移动,利用液压缸推动压缩板75将压缩架73内成型的碎料推出压缩架73内,完成碎料的成型,实现固体废物的处理。The broken materials in the storage barrel 6 fall into the compression frame 73 through the discharge pipe and the feed port 74, and the hydraulic cylinder is started. The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder drives the compression plate 75 to move. The compression plate 75 cooperates with the compression frame 73 and the lifting plate 76 for compression. The scraps in the compression rack 73 are driven by the lifting cylinder 77 to move the lifting plate 76 upward, and the hydraulic cylinder is used to push the compression plate 75 to push the scraps formed in the compression rack 73 out of the compression rack 73 to complete the shaping of the scraps and realize solid waste. processing.
实施例2Example 2
参照图1-图7所示,在实施例1的基础上,本发明公开一种环境保护用固体废物处理装置的工作方法,包括如下步骤:Referring to Figures 1-7, on the basis of Embodiment 1, the present invention discloses a working method of a solid waste treatment device for environmental protection, which includes the following steps:
步骤一:通过向入料管1添加固体废物,固体废物经过粉碎管2的粉碎机,利用粉碎机将固体废物粉碎后得到碎料后,通过转动电机带动出料导向板32向下移动,碎料在下料引导座33的引导下,通过出料孔并沿着出料导向板32上排出,并落入底部的储料空间内;Step 1: By adding solid waste to the feeding pipe 1, the solid waste passes through the crusher of the crushing pipe 2. After crushing the solid waste with the crusher to obtain crushed materials, the discharge guide plate 32 is driven by the rotating motor to move downward, and the crushed materials are crushed. Under the guidance of the discharge guide seat 33, the material passes through the discharge hole and is discharged along the discharge guide plate 32, and falls into the material storage space at the bottom;
步骤二:启动驱动电机465,驱动电机465带动驱动齿轮二464转动,驱动齿轮二464啮合驱动齿轮一463带动调节座461转动,进而带动调节座461顶部的多个调节杆462转动,调节杆462搅动承载底座41上的碎料,使得堆叠在承载底座41上的碎料可以均匀铺设在储料空间内,通过烘干机座42底部的电热丝47对储料空间上的碎料进行烘干作业,利用调节杆462持续翻动储料空间内的碎料,提高了碎料与热气流的接触面积,进一步提高了碎料的干燥效率;Step 2: Start the drive motor 465, the drive motor 465 drives the drive gear 464 to rotate, the drive gear 464 meshes with the drive gear 463 to drive the adjustment base 461 to rotate, and then drives the multiple adjustment rods 462 on the top of the adjustment base 461 to rotate, the adjustment rods 462 Stir the scraps on the bearing base 41 so that the scraps stacked on the bearing base 41 can be evenly laid in the storage space, and dry the scraps in the storage space through the electric heating wire 47 at the bottom of the dryer base 42 During operation, the adjusting rod 462 is used to continuously turn the scraps in the storage space, which increases the contact area between the scraps and the hot air flow, further improving the drying efficiency of the scraps;
步骤三:启动电动推杆44,电动推杆44带动承载底座41向下移动,实现承载底座41和固定环45之间的分离,当承载底座41移动至储料桶6内时,通过调节杆462转动,调节杆462快速转动将承载底座41上的碎料从承载底座41上推出,使得碎料落入储料桶6内;Step 3: Start the electric push rod 44. The electric push rod 44 drives the load-bearing base 41 to move downward to realize the separation between the load-bearing base 41 and the fixed ring 45. When the load-bearing base 41 moves into the storage barrel 6, the adjusting rod 462 rotates, and the adjusting rod 462 rotates quickly to push the scraps on the bearing base 41 out of the bearing base 41, causing the scraps to fall into the storage bucket 6;
步骤四:储料桶6内的碎料经过出料管和进料口74落入压缩架73内,启动液压缸,液压缸活塞杆带动压缩板75移动,压缩板75配合压缩架73以及升降板76压缩压缩架73内的碎料,通过升降气缸77带动升降板76向上移动,利用液压缸推动压缩板75将压缩架73内成型的碎料推出压缩架73内,完成碎料的成型,实现固体废物的处理。Step 4: The broken materials in the storage barrel 6 fall into the compression frame 73 through the discharge pipe and the feed port 74. The hydraulic cylinder is started. The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder drives the compression plate 75 to move. The compression plate 75 cooperates with the compression frame 73 and lifts. The plate 76 compresses the scraps in the compression rack 73, and drives the lifting plate 76 to move upward through the lifting cylinder 77. The hydraulic cylinder is used to push the compression plate 75 to push the scraps formed in the compression rack 73 out of the compression rack 73, thereby completing the shaping of the scraps. Implement solid waste disposal.
在本发明的描述中,需要理解的是,术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等指示方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以及特定的方位构造和操作,因此,不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外,“第一”、“第二”仅由于描述目的,且不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。因此,限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者多个该特征。本发明的描述中,除非另有说明,“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience. By describing the present invention and simplifying the description, it is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, and be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore, is not to be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined by “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise stated, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more.
在本发明的描述中,需要说明的是,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”“相连”“连接”等应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接连接,可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stated and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", "connection", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. , or integrally connected; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be an internal connection between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood on a case-by-case basis.
以上对本发明的一个实施例进行了详细说明,但所述内容仅为本发明的较佳实施例,不能被认为用于限定本发明的实施范围。凡依本发明申请范围所作的均等变化与改进等,均应仍归属于本发明的专利涵盖范围之内。An embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above, but the content is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and cannot be considered to limit the implementation scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the patent of the present invention.
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