CN116608465A - Ammonia burner with space grading ammonia injection function - Google Patents
Ammonia burner with space grading ammonia injection function Download PDFInfo
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- CN116608465A CN116608465A CN202310548146.9A CN202310548146A CN116608465A CN 116608465 A CN116608465 A CN 116608465A CN 202310548146 A CN202310548146 A CN 202310548146A CN 116608465 A CN116608465 A CN 116608465A
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- ammonia
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- shell section
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- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 404
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 192
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 101710141078 Ammonium transporter Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 75
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 15
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/26—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid with provision for a retention flame
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
- F23D14/48—Nozzles
- F23D14/58—Nozzles characterised by the shape or arrangement of the outlet or outlets from the nozzle, e.g. of annular configuration
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
- F23D14/60—Devices for simultaneous control of gas and combustion air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
- F23D14/70—Baffles or like flow-disturbing devices
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an ammonia burner with a space grading ammonia injection function, which comprises a burner shell with a double-layer shell structure, wherein the burner shell comprises an inner-layer burner shell and an outer-layer burner shell which are fixed into a whole structure, a gap is reserved between the inner-layer burner shell and the outer-layer burner shell, the gap is a reducing ammonia channel for injecting ammonia and reducing products after the ammonia is combusted, a reducing ammonia inlet communicated with the reducing ammonia channel is arranged on the outer-layer burner shell, and a reducing ammonia outlet communicated with the reducing ammonia channel is arranged at the front end of the inner-layer burner shell; the inner burner shell is internally provided with a fuel ammonia pipeline, an air inlet is positioned outside the burner shell, an air outlet is positioned inside the inner burner shell, and the fuel ammonia pipeline is used for injecting ammonia gas for combustion, and is connected with an air pipeline for injecting air into the inner burner shell; the reducing ammonia outlet is positioned in front of the air outlet of the fuel ammonia pipeline. The ammonia burner designed by the invention has simple structure and low maintenance cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of combustors, in particular to an ammonia combustor with a space grading ammonia injection function.
Background
At present, ammonia fuel is favored in various fields of electric power, industry, transportation and the like as an emerging zero-carbon alternative fuel in face of urgent demands for carbon dioxide emission reduction. The ammonia fuel can utilize energy provided by renewable energy sources to carry out carbon-free production, has higher hydrogen density and can be directly combusted and utilized in a power device. At the same time, the condensing pressure and boiling point of ammonia fuel are very close to those of propane, and equipment for transporting propane can also be used to transport ammonia. Therefore, the transition from traditional fossil fuels to ammonia fuels costs less and economic advantages are more pronounced than other zero carbon fuels. However, the low heating value of ammonia is about 40% of that of a typical hydrocarbon fuel, and the laminar combustion speed is only about 20% of that of a typical hydrocarbon fuel. Meanwhile, ammonia, as a high nitrogen fuel, has a potential tendency to produce and discharge high nitrogen oxides. Thus, stable ignition and combustion of ammonia and low emission of nitrogen oxides are problems to be solved in large-scale and energy-based utilization of ammonia fuel. Therefore, it is highly desirable to design a low nox ammonia burner that is capable of stabilizing fire and combustion.
Chinese patent document (CN 115264496 a) discloses an ammonia burner and a control method of the ammonia burner, which can realize zero-carbon and low-nitrogen combustion in an industrial kiln, but in the case of pure ammonia combustion in the patent document, a certain amount of ammonia needs to be decomposed into hydrogen and nitrogen by an ammonia decomposer, and a catalyst needs to be used. The hydrogen formed by decomposition has a combustion supporting function, and nitrogen oxides generated after the nitrogen elements in the ammonia are decomposed and converted into nitrogen are reduced. However, the presence of ammonia decomposers complicates the burner structure, is costly and has a limited range of applications.
Chinese patent document (CN 113294801A) discloses a combustion device capable of realizing high-efficiency clean combustion of pure ammonia and a control method thereof, which can realize high-efficiency stable combustion of pure ammonia, and simultaneously has a compact structure, so that low-level emission of nitrogen oxides can be realized in a single combustion chamber. However, in this patent document, ammonia gas needs to pass through an additional ammonia pyrolysis electric heater for decomposing part of the ammonia gas into hydrogen and nitrogen gas, and an ammonia pyrolysis catalyst is used inside the heater, so that the cost is high and the maintenance is difficult.
Chinese patent literature (CN 113864775A) discloses an ammonia-doped multiphase fuel staged swirl burner which can regulate and control the fuel and air ratio of each combustion zone to realize multi-stage stable combustion and multi-stage lean-rich combustion to inhibit nitrogen oxide from generating multi-effect coupling, but a plurality of pipelines are arranged in the combustion zone of the burner for conveying fuel and air, the internal structure of the combustion chamber is complex, and the low-level emission of nitrogen oxide is required to depend on very precise staged air quantity control.
In chinese patent document (CN 112963833 a), an ammonia low-nitrogen multi-stage cyclone burner is disclosed, and a staged burner is adopted to promote mixing of fuel gas and air, promote combustion of fuel gas, and make the heat load of the combustion chamber more uniform, so as to realize low-nitrogen emission of ammonia combustion. However, the internal structure of the burner is complex, and the low nitrogen oxide emission requires precise fuel-air ratio control.
In chinese patent document (CN 107477573 a), a combustion device for pulverized coal boiler is disclosed in which ammonia is injected at the center of burner, which can reduce the nitrogen oxide content in flue gas in the existing horizontal industrial pulverized coal boiler, but in this patent document, only ammonia is used as a reducing agent of nitrogen oxide, and ammonia cannot be directly burned as fuel.
Through the analysis, the existing technology for reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides by ammonia combustion converts ammonia into hydrogen and nitrogen through an ammonia catalytic or cracking device, and then burns or supports combustion, so that the nitrogen oxide generation control and combustion stabilization effect seriously depends on a catalytic device or a catalyst, and the cost is high; on the other hand, the low-level nitrogen oxide emission is realized through accurate hierarchical air volume control and fuel-air ratio control, so that the internal pipeline structure of the burner is complex, the production cost is high, and the maintenance is difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the background technology and provide an ammonia burner for realizing efficient and stable combustion by staged ammonia injection.
The ammonia burner with the space grading ammonia injection function comprises a burner shell, wherein the burner shell is of a double-layer shell structure and comprises an inner-layer burner shell and an outer-layer burner shell which are fixed into a whole, a gap is reserved between the inner-layer burner shell and the outer-layer burner shell, the gap is a reducing ammonia channel for injecting ammonia and reducing products after the ammonia is combusted, a reducing ammonia inlet communicated with the reducing ammonia channel is formed in the outer-layer burner shell, and a reducing ammonia outlet communicated with the reducing ammonia channel is formed in the front end of the inner-layer burner shell; the inner burner shell is internally provided with a fuel ammonia pipeline, an air inlet of which is positioned outside the burner shell, an air outlet of which is positioned inside the inner burner shell and used for injecting ammonia gas for combustion, and the inner burner shell is connected with an air pipeline for injecting air into the inner burner shell; the reduced ammonia outlet is positioned in front of the air outlet of the fuel ammonia pipeline.
Further, a guide vane for supplying air to the gas at the gas outlet of the fuel ammonia pipeline and wrapping the gas at the gas outlet of the fuel ammonia pipeline to move to the outside of the front end of the burner shell is arranged in the inner burner shell.
Further, the inner burner shell comprises an inner cylindrical shell section and an inner bell mouth shell section which is coaxially and fixedly connected to the front end of the inner cylindrical shell section and is of an integral structure with the inner cylindrical shell section; the outer burner shell comprises an outer cylindrical shell section and an outer bell mouth shell section which is coaxially and fixedly connected to the front end of the outer cylindrical shell section and is of an integral structure with the outer cylindrical shell section; the gap between the inner layer cylinder shell section and the outer layer cylinder shell section and the gap between the inner layer bell mouth shell section and the outer layer bell mouth shell section form the ammonia reduction channel.
Further, the outer layer cylinder shell section is provided with the ammonia reduction inlet, and the inner layer bell mouth shell section is provided with the ammonia reduction outlet.
Further, the reduced ammonia outlet is a plurality of reduced ammonia gas outlet holes which are arranged on the inner layer bell mouth shell section at intervals along the circumferential direction of the inner layer bell mouth shell section.
Further, the inner-layer bell housing section is provided with a plurality of groups of ammonia gas outlet holes at intervals along the circumferential direction of the inner-layer bell housing section, and each group of ammonia gas outlet holes comprises a plurality of ammonia gas outlet holes which are arranged at intervals along the expanding direction of the inner-layer bell housing section.
Further, the guide vane is of an annular structure, the middle of the guide vane is coaxially fixed on the fuel ammonia pipeline, the outer side surface of the guide vane is fixed on the inner surface of the inner burner shell, and the guide vane is positioned behind the air outlet of the fuel ammonia pipeline.
Further, the inner sides of the guide vanes are provided with a plurality of direct-current air holes at intervals along the circumferential direction thereof, wherein the direct-current air holes are used for providing air for the air at the air outlet of the fuel ammonia pipeline.
Further, a plurality of swirl air grooves extending from the outer side surface of the guide vane to the inner side of the guide vane and used for wrapping gas at the gas outlet of the fuel ammonia pipeline to move to the outside of the front end of the burner shell are arranged on the outer side of the guide vane at intervals along the circumferential direction of the guide vane.
Further, the ratio of the ventilation area of the direct current air hole to the ventilation area of the cyclone air groove is 1:5-1:6.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the invention, through the burner housing with the double-layer housing structure, in a staged ammonia injection mode, the generation limit of nitrogen oxides can be not considered when ammonia gas introduced into the fuel ammonia pipeline is combusted, and the reduction of ammonia combustion products is realized by reducing the ammonia gas in the ammonia channel, so that the nitrogen oxides generated after the ammonia combustion are reduced by ammonia as much as possible. Better ignition and combustion stability are realized, and meanwhile, low-level emission of nitrogen oxides is also realized. Meanwhile, the special energy-gathering stable combustion cavity is formed by the burner shell with the double-layer structure, so that the heat-insulating effect is better, the temperature in the ammonia burner is increased, the energy-gathering feedback enhanced combustion of heat energy and the preheating of secondary reduced ammonia gas are realized, and the efficient and stable combustion of ammonia is promoted. The ammonia burner designed by the invention has the advantages of simple structure and low maintenance cost, and complex pipelines are not required to be arranged in the burner. The guide vane in the ammonia burner is provided with an inner layer air outlet and an outer layer air outlet, the inner layer air outlet provides direct-current air, ammonia backflow is prevented, the outer side air outlet provides rotational flow air, ammonia airflow is wrapped to flow forwards, most of air required by ammonia combustion is provided, ammonia combustion and stable combustion are promoted, and the combustion-air partition is controllable. The outlet end part of the fuel ammonia pipeline is provided with a certain chamfer, so that the damage of a combustor or the generation of high nitrogen oxides caused by a local high-temperature area in front of the outlet end is avoided. The ammonia burner designed by the invention can be applied to boilers such as fire coal and biomass of a thermal power plant, reduces the carbon dioxide emission of the power plant from the source, promotes the rapid and large-scale carbon emission reduction of the power industry, and does not need to greatly modify the original boiler hearth structure. The service life of the active generator set is prolonged, and the problem that the generator set is forced to retire in advance due to carbon dioxide emission limitation is solved. The ammonia burner designed by the invention can be applied to thermodynamic power boilers such as fire coal, fuel oil, fuel gas and the like or industrial kilns such as cement, glass, ceramic and the like, and fills the technical blank of a compact ammonia burner with low emission of nitrogen oxides and strong combustion function.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an ammonia burner with spatially staged ammonia injection in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an axial cross-sectional view of an ammonia burner with spatially staged ammonia injection in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the internal structure of an ammonia burner with a spatially staged ammonia injection function in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an air duct according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a connection structure of a fuel ammonia pipe and a guide vane in the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a guide vane according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a front view of a guide vane according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a front view of a fuel ammonia conduit according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the combustion state of an ammonia burner with spatially staged ammonia injection in accordance with the present invention;
wherein, 1-burner housing (1.1-inner burner housing, 1.2-outer burner housing), 2-reducing ammonia channel, 3-reducing ammonia inlet, 4-reducing ammonia outlet, 5-fuel ammonia pipe, 6-air pipe, 7-guide vane, 8-inner cylinder housing section, 9-inner horn mouth housing section, 10-outer cylinder housing section, 11-outer horn mouth housing section, 12-direct current air hole, 13-swirl air groove, 14-high nitrogen oxide generation zone, 15-fuel ammonia outlet.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and to specific examples.
The ammonia burner with the space grading ammonia injection function as shown in fig. 1-8 comprises a burner housing 1, wherein the burner housing 1 is of a double-layer housing structure and comprises an inner burner housing 1.1 and an outer burner housing 1.2 which are fixed into a whole, a gap is reserved between the inner burner housing 1.1 and the outer burner housing 1.2, the gap is a reducing ammonia channel 2 for injecting ammonia and reducing products after the ammonia is combusted, a reducing ammonia inlet 3 communicated with the reducing ammonia channel 2 is arranged on the outer burner housing 1.2, and a reducing ammonia outlet 4 communicated with the reducing ammonia channel 2 is formed in the front end of the inner burner housing 1.1; the inner burner housing 1.1 is internally provided with a fuel ammonia pipeline 5, an air inlet of which is positioned outside the burner housing 1, an air outlet of which is positioned inside the inner burner housing 1.1 and is used for injecting ammonia gas for combustion, the front end of the fuel ammonia pipeline 5 is of a closed structure, the front end of the fuel ammonia pipeline 5 is provided with a plurality of beveling holes with a beveling angle of 30 degrees at intervals along the circumferential direction, and the beveling direction faces the front of the fuel ammonia pipeline 5. The inner burner housing 1.1 is connected to an air duct 6 for injecting air into the interior thereof. The reduced ammonia outlet 4 is located in front of the gas outlet of the fuel ammonia pipe 5.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the inner burner housing 1.1 comprises an inner cylindrical housing section 8 and an inner bell mouth housing section 9 coaxially and fixedly connected to the front end of the inner cylindrical housing section 8 and integrally constructed with the inner cylindrical housing section 8; the outer burner shell 1.2 comprises an outer cylindrical shell section 10 and an outer bell mouth shell section 11 which is coaxially and fixedly connected to the front end of the outer cylindrical shell section 10 and is of an integral structure with the outer cylindrical shell section 10; the gap between the inner cylindrical shell section 8 and the outer cylindrical shell section 10 and the gap between the inner bell mouth shell section 9 and the outer bell mouth shell section 11 form the ammonia reduction channel 2. The inner bell housing section 9 and the outer bell housing section 11 form an energy-collecting combustion-stabilizing chamber structure with a 45 degree divergence angle. The outer cylindrical shell section 10 is provided with a reducing ammonia inlet 3, and the inner bell mouth shell section 9 is provided with a reducing ammonia outlet 4. The reducing ammonia outlet 4 is a plurality of reducing ammonia outlet holes which are arranged on the inner-layer bell housing section 9 at intervals along the circumferential direction of the inner-layer bell housing section 9, and specifically, a plurality of groups of reducing ammonia outlet holes are arranged on the inner-layer bell housing section 9 at intervals along the circumferential direction of the inner-layer bell housing section 9, and each group of reducing ammonia outlet holes comprises a plurality of reducing ammonia outlet holes which are arranged at intervals along the expanding direction of the inner-layer bell housing section 9.
As shown in fig. 2 to 3 and fig. 5 to 7, a guide vane 7 for supplying air to the gas at the gas outlet of the fuel ammonia pipe 5 and wrapping the gas at the gas outlet of the fuel ammonia pipe 5 to move to the outside of the front end of the burner housing 1 is provided in the inner burner housing 1.1. The guide vane 7 is of an annular structure, the middle part of the guide vane is coaxially fixed on the fuel ammonia pipeline 5, the outer side surface of the guide vane 7 is fixed on the inner surface of the inner burner shell 1.1, and the guide vane 7 is positioned behind an air outlet of the fuel ammonia pipeline 5. The inner side of the guide vane 7 is provided with a plurality of through-flow air holes 12 spaced apart in the circumferential direction thereof for supplying air to the gas at the gas outlet of the fuel ammonia pipe 5. The outer side of the guide vane 7 is provided with a plurality of swirl air grooves 13 which extend from the outer side surface of the guide vane 7 to the inner side of the guide vane 7 at intervals along the circumferential direction thereof and are used for wrapping the gas at the gas outlet of the fuel ammonia pipeline 5 and moving to the outside of the front end of the burner housing 1, and the groove surface of the swirl air grooves 13 is a swirl inclined surface forming 15 degrees with the horizontal direction. The ratio of the ventilation area of the direct-current air hole 12 to the ventilation area of the cyclone air groove 13 is 1:6.
As shown in fig. 9, the heat insulating material with relatively high reflection is paved in the energy-gathering stable combustion chamber structure formed by the inner-layer bell mouth shell section 9 and the outer-layer bell mouth shell section 11, so that the heat of combustion flame can be gathered in a heat radiation mode to feed back and heat jet flame, promote combustion, and meanwhile, part of the heat of flame is conducted to heat and preheat ammonia in the ammonia reduction channel 2, so that the combustion reaction is enhanced. The using method of the ammonia burner designed by the invention is as follows: the equivalence ratio of the ammonia gas injected through the fuel ammonia pipeline 5 is controlled to be about 1.2, so that the ammonia gas is combusted under the condition of the combustion air ratio which is most favorable for ignition and combustion, after the ammonia gas is stably combusted, the reducing ammonia fuel is injected through the reducing ammonia inlet 3 and the reducing ammonia channel 2, and nitrogen oxides generated by the combustion of the ammonia gas in the fuel ammonia pipeline 5 are converted into nitrogen and water through the denitration reaction 4NO+4NH3+O2- & gt4N2+6H2O, so that the low nitrogen oxide emission of the ammonia burner is realized. Meanwhile, the reduced ammonia fuel plays a role in cooling the wall surface and protecting safety.
In summary, according to the present invention, the burner housing 1 having the double-layer housing structure is used to inject ammonia in a staged manner, so that the ammonia gas introduced into the fuel ammonia pipe 5 can be combusted without considering the generation limitation of nitrogen oxides, and the ammonia gas in the ammonia reduction channel 2 can reduce the ammonia combustion products, so that the nitrogen oxides generated after the ammonia combustion can be reduced as much as possible by ammonia. Better ignition and combustion stability are realized, and meanwhile, low-level emission of nitrogen oxides is also realized. Meanwhile, the burner housing 1 with the double-layer structure forms a special energy-gathering stable combustion cavity, has better heat preservation effect, increases the temperature in the ammonia burner, realizes energy-gathering feedback enhanced combustion of heat energy and preheating of secondary reduction ammonia gas, and promotes efficient and stable combustion of ammonia. The ammonia burner designed by the invention has the advantages of simple structure and low maintenance cost, and complex pipelines are not required to be arranged in the burner. The guide vane 7 in the ammonia burner is provided with an inner layer air outlet and an outer layer air outlet, the inner layer air outlet provides direct-current air, ammonia backflow is prevented, the outer side air outlet provides rotational flow air, the ammonia airflow is wrapped to flow forwards, most of air required by ammonia combustion is provided, ammonia combustion and stable combustion are promoted, and the combustion-air partition is controllable. The outlet end of the fuel ammonia pipeline 5 is provided with a certain chamfer, so that the damage to the burner or the generation of high nitrogen oxides caused by a local high-temperature region in front of the outlet end is avoided. The ammonia burner designed by the invention can be applied to boilers such as fire coal and biomass of a thermal power plant, reduces the carbon dioxide emission of the power plant from the source, promotes the rapid and large-scale carbon emission reduction of the power industry, and does not need to greatly modify the original boiler hearth structure. The service life of the active generator set is prolonged, and the problem that the generator set is forced to retire in advance due to carbon dioxide emission limitation is solved. The ammonia burner designed by the invention can be applied to thermodynamic power boilers such as fire coal, fuel oil, fuel gas and the like or industrial kilns such as cement, glass, ceramic and the like, and fills the technical blank of a compact ammonia burner with low emission of nitrogen oxides and strong combustion function.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the structure of the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, equivalent variation and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An ammonia burner with space grading ammonia injection function, comprising a burner housing (1), characterized in that: the burner housing (1) is of a double-layer housing structure and comprises an inner-layer burner housing (1.1) and an outer-layer burner housing (1.2) which are fixed into a whole, a gap exists between the inner-layer burner housing (1.1) and the outer-layer burner housing (1.2), the gap is a reducing ammonia channel (2) for injecting ammonia and reducing products after the ammonia is combusted, a reducing ammonia inlet (3) communicated with the reducing ammonia channel (2) is formed in the outer-layer burner housing (1.2), and a reducing ammonia outlet (4) communicated with the reducing ammonia channel (2) is formed in the front end of the inner-layer burner housing (1.1);
an air inlet is formed in the inner-layer burner shell (1.1), an air outlet is formed in the inner-layer burner shell (1.1), and is positioned outside the burner shell (1), a fuel ammonia pipeline (5) for injecting ammonia gas for combustion is arranged in the inner-layer burner shell (1.1), and an air pipeline (6) for injecting air into the inner-layer burner shell (1.1) is connected;
the reducing ammonia outlet (4) is positioned in front of the air outlet of the fuel ammonia pipeline (5).
2. The ammonia burner with spatially staged ammonia injection of claim 1, wherein: the inner burner is characterized in that a guide vane (7) used for providing air for the gas at the gas outlet of the fuel ammonia pipeline (5) and wrapping the gas at the gas outlet of the fuel ammonia pipeline (5) and moving towards the outside of the front end of the burner housing (1) is arranged in the inner burner housing (1.1).
3. The ammonia burner with spatially staged ammonia injection of claim 1, wherein: the inner-layer burner shell (1.1) comprises an inner-layer cylindrical shell section (8) and an inner-layer bell-mouth shell section (9) which is coaxially and fixedly connected to the front end of the inner-layer cylindrical shell section (8) and is of an integral structure with the inner-layer cylindrical shell section (8); the outer burner shell (1.2) comprises an outer cylindrical shell section (10) and an outer bell mouth shell section (11) which is coaxially and fixedly connected to the front end of the outer cylindrical shell section (10) and is of an integral structure with the outer cylindrical shell section (10); the gap between the inner cylindrical shell section (8) and the outer cylindrical shell section (10) and the gap between the inner bell mouth shell section (9) and the outer bell mouth shell section (11) form the ammonia reduction channel (2).
4. An ammonia burner with spatially staged ammonia injection as defined in claim 3, wherein: the outer-layer cylindrical shell section (10) is provided with the ammonia reduction inlet (3), and the inner-layer bell-mouth shell section (9) is provided with the ammonia reduction outlet (4).
5. The ammonia burner with spatially staged ammonia injection of claim 4, wherein: the reducing ammonia outlet (4) is a plurality of reducing ammonia outlet holes which are arranged on the inner layer bell mouth shell section (9) at intervals along the circumferential direction of the inner layer bell mouth shell section (9).
6. The ammonia burner with spatially staged ammonia injection of claim 5, wherein: the inner-layer bell mouth shell section (9) is provided with a plurality of groups of ammonia reduction air outlet holes at intervals along the circumferential direction of the inner-layer bell mouth shell section (9), and each group of ammonia reduction air outlet holes comprises a plurality of ammonia reduction air outlet holes which are arranged at intervals along the expanding direction of the inner-layer bell mouth shell section (9).
7. The ammonia burner with spatially staged ammonia injection of claim 2, wherein: the guide vane (7) is of an annular structure, the middle of the guide vane is coaxially fixed on the fuel ammonia pipeline (5), the outer side surface of the guide vane (7) is fixed on the inner surface of the inner burner shell (1.1), and the guide vane (7) is positioned behind the air outlet of the fuel ammonia pipeline (5).
8. The ammonia burner with spatially staged ammonia injection of claim 7, wherein: the inner side of the guide vane (7) is provided with a plurality of direct air holes (12) which are spaced along the circumferential direction and are used for providing air for the air at the air outlet of the fuel ammonia pipeline (5).
9. The ammonia burner with spatially staged ammonia injection of claim 8, wherein: the outer side of the guide vane (7) is provided with a plurality of swirl air grooves (13) which extend from the outer side surface of the guide vane (7) to the inner side of the guide vane (7) at intervals along the circumferential direction of the guide vane, and are used for wrapping gas at the gas outlet of the fuel ammonia pipeline (5) and moving towards the outer part of the front end of the burner shell (1).
10. The ammonia burner with spatially staged ammonia injection of claim 9, wherein: the ratio of the ventilation area of the direct-current air holes (12) to the ventilation area of the cyclone air grooves (13) is 1:5-1:6.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310548146.9A CN116608465A (en) | 2023-05-16 | 2023-05-16 | Ammonia burner with space grading ammonia injection function |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310548146.9A CN116608465A (en) | 2023-05-16 | 2023-05-16 | Ammonia burner with space grading ammonia injection function |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN116608465A true CN116608465A (en) | 2023-08-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310548146.9A Pending CN116608465A (en) | 2023-05-16 | 2023-05-16 | Ammonia burner with space grading ammonia injection function |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN116608465A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-05-16 CN CN202310548146.9A patent/CN116608465A/en active Pending
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