CN116734255A - Ammonia burner capable of forming precombustion cage flame inside - Google Patents
Ammonia burner capable of forming precombustion cage flame inside Download PDFInfo
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- CN116734255A CN116734255A CN202310548143.5A CN202310548143A CN116734255A CN 116734255 A CN116734255 A CN 116734255A CN 202310548143 A CN202310548143 A CN 202310548143A CN 116734255 A CN116734255 A CN 116734255A
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- gas
- ammonia
- pipeline
- burner
- gas outlet
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- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 324
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 140
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 182
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 61
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 20
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 45
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 16
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
- F23D14/60—Devices for simultaneous control of gas and combustion air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
- F23D14/48—Nozzles
- F23D14/58—Nozzles characterised by the shape or arrangement of the outlet or outlets from the nozzle, e.g. of annular configuration
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
- F23D14/70—Baffles or like flow-disturbing devices
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an ammonia burner capable of forming precombustion cage flames inside, wherein a combustion gas flow pipeline is arranged in a burner shell, and an air inlet for injecting air into the burner shell is arranged on the burner shell; the gas flow pipeline comprises an ammonia pipeline with a gas inlet positioned outside the burner shell, a gas outlet positioned inside the front end of the burner shell, and a gas pipeline with a gas inlet positioned outside the burner shell, a gas outlet positioned inside the front end of the burner shell and positioned behind the gas outlet of the ammonia pipeline; the guide vane is arranged in the burner shell and used for providing air for the gas at the gas outlet of the ammonia pipeline and the gas at the gas outlet of the gas pipeline and wrapping the gas at the gas outlet of the ammonia pipeline and the gas at the gas outlet of the gas pipeline to move towards the outside of the front end of the burner shell. The invention provides a high-temperature anoxic atmosphere for ammonia gas, so that the ammonia gas is decomposed into hydrogen and nitrogen as much as possible, and combustion heat supply and self-heating decomposition of the ammonia gas are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of combustors, in particular to an ammonia combustor capable of forming precombustion cage flames inside.
Background
Currently, effective methods for reducing carbon dioxide emissions are actively sought throughout the world. The country proposes a strategic goal of "carbon dioxide emissions striving to reach a peak before 2030 and striving to achieve carbon neutralization before 2060. In the face of the urgent need for carbon emission reduction, ammonia fuels have received unprecedented attention in recent years due to their "zero carbon hydrogen enrichment". The ammonia fuel can be produced through renewable electric power without carbon, is safely and efficiently transported in a liquid ammonia form, has higher hydrogen density, and can be directly combusted and utilized in energy power devices such as a gas turbine, an electric heating power boiler, an internal combustion engine and the like without a dehydrogenation process. However, ammonia fuels have unique properties such as difficult ignition, slow flame propagation, difficult flame stabilization, and potential high nitrogen oxide emissions relative to traditional fossil fuels such as petroleum and natural gas, which are key issues that must be considered in the combustion of ammonia. In order to achieve efficient, stable, safe, clean combustion of ammonia fuel, the burner design is critical. Therefore, it is very necessary to design a burner suitable for combustion of ammonia fuel (including pure ammonia or mixed ammonia fuel) in order to obtain better ignition, stable combustion, burnout and emission characteristics that meet the normal operation of the combustion device such as a boiler.
In chinese patent document (CN 115264496 a), an ammonia burner and a control method of the ammonia burner are disclosed, which can realize pure ammonia combustion and carbon-based fuel blending combustion, but in the pure ammonia combustion in the patent document, a certain amount of ammonia needs to be decomposed into hydrogen and nitrogen by an additional external ammonia decomposer. The hydrogen formed by decomposition has a combustion supporting function, and nitrogen oxides generated after the nitrogen elements in the ammonia are decomposed and converted into nitrogen are reduced. However, the existence of the additional ammonia decomposer leads to complex structure, high processing difficulty, large installation and use space and limited application range of the burner.
In chinese patent document (CN 217763418U), a catalytic staged ammonia burner is disclosed, which is proposed to reduce the formation of nitrogen oxides by decomposing ammonia fuel into hydrogen gas and burning the hydrogen gas as much as possible by a catalyst, and has effects similar to those of the above patent document (CN 115264496 a). However, in the patent document, pure ammonia combustion is to convert ammonia into hydrogen for combustion as far as possible, the catalyst cost is high, the periodic replacement and maintenance cost is high, the catalytic structure is complex, the processing and use difficulties are high, and the catalytic conversion of ammonia and the combustion effect of low nitrogen oxides are to be considered.
Chinese patent document (CN 113294801A) discloses a combustion device capable of realizing high-efficiency clean combustion of pure ammonia and a control method thereof, which can realize high-efficiency stable combustion of pure ammonia on the premise of not mixing other combustible gases, and can realize low-level emission of nitrogen oxides in combustion tail gas in a single combustion chamber. However, in this patent document, ammonia gas needs to pass through an additional ammonia pyrolysis electric heater for pyrolyzing part of the ammonia gas into hydrogen gas and nitrogen gas, and an ammonia pyrolysis catalyst is used in the heater, so that the cost is high and the structure is complex.
In chinese patent document (CN 112648113 a), a green and efficient ammonia fuel combustion system and method are disclosed, which control pollutant emission to a low level by properly adjusting fuel supply amount, and solve the problem of poor ignitability of ammonia as fuel. However, in this patent document, the environment-friendly and efficient combustion of ammonia gas requires the help of an additional methane cracking device and an ammonia decomposition device to convert methane and ammonia into hydrogen gas for supporting combustion, and the device has a complex structure and is difficult to maintain.
In the Chinese patent document (CN 112902163A), a low-nitrogen combustion system and a method based on ammonia decomposition are disclosed, wherein ammonia is decomposed into hydrogen as combustion gas, and air is used as an oxygen supply body, so that the transportation problem of the hydrogen is solved, the combustion heat release rate is improved, and the emission of nitrogen oxides is reduced. However, in this patent document, an ammonia gas decomposing device and a nitrogen gas removing device are required to be additionally installed, and the processing cost is high and the structure is complicated.
Chinese patent document (CN 216244251U) discloses a fast pyrolysis ammonia and combustion device, which can lead ammonia to rapidly decompose hydrogen and realize the combustion of the hydrogen, thereby reducing the emission of a large amount of carbon dioxide caused by the conventional coal combustion and avoiding environmental pollution. However, in this patent document, a catalyst cartridge needs to be installed inside the ammonia gun, and a catalyst with high cost needs to be used, so that the catalytic structure is complex, and the periodic replacement and maintenance costs are high.
Through the analysis, the method can be found that ammonia is cracked by high-temperature pyrolysis and catalytic conversion and then burned, so that the method is an effective method for reducing nitrogen oxide generation and promoting fuel ignition and combustion. However, the problems and drawbacks of the prior art are: the design scheme of the ammonia burner is that ammonia is decomposed into hydrogen by means of an external or internal catalytic cracking component and then combusted or combustion-supporting is carried out, so that the burner has a complex structure, high cost and difficult maintenance, and the catalytic conversion effect is required to be considered.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the background technology and provide an ammonia burner which realizes efficient and stable combustion by forming a precombustion ladle flame inside.
To achieve the purpose, the ammonia burner capable of forming precombustion cage flames inside comprises a burner housing, wherein a fuel gas flow pipeline is arranged in the burner housing, and an air inlet for injecting air into the burner housing is arranged on the burner housing; the gas flow pipeline comprises an ammonia pipeline, a gas pipeline and a gas pipeline, wherein the gas inlet is positioned outside the burner shell, the gas outlet is positioned inside the front end of the burner shell, the gas pipeline is positioned outside the burner shell, the gas outlet is positioned inside the front end of the burner shell and positioned behind the gas outlet of the ammonia pipeline; the gas guiding device is characterized in that a guide vane which is used for providing air for the gas at the gas outlet of the ammonia gas pipeline and the gas at the gas outlet of the gas pipeline and wrapping the gas at the gas outlet of the ammonia gas pipeline and the gas at the gas outlet of the gas pipeline to move towards the outside of the front end of the burner shell is arranged in the burner shell.
Furthermore, the gas flow pipeline is of a sleeve type structure, and the gas pipeline is coaxially and fixedly connected to the ammonia pipeline.
Further, the front end of the ammonia gas pipeline is of a closed structure, and a plurality of ammonia gas outlet holes are formed in the front end of the ammonia gas pipeline at intervals along the circumferential direction of the ammonia gas pipeline.
Further, the inner surface of the front end of the gas pipeline is coaxially and fixedly connected to the circumferential outer surface of the ammonia pipeline, a plurality of gas outlet holes are formed in the front end of the gas pipeline at intervals along the circumferential direction of the gas pipeline, and the gas outlet holes are located behind the ammonia outlet holes.
Furthermore, the front end of the ammonia gas pipeline and the front end of the gas pipeline are of frustum-shaped closed structures with small front end and large rear end.
Further, the ammonia gas outlet hole and the gas outlet hole are inclined cutting holes inclined towards the front end of the burner shell.
Further, the guide vane is of an annular structure, the middle of the guide vane is coaxially fixed on the gas pipeline, the outer side surface of the guide vane is fixed on the inner surface of the burner shell, and the guide vane is positioned behind the gas outlet of the gas pipeline.
Further, the inner sides of the guide vanes are provided with a plurality of direct-current air holes at intervals along the circumferential direction, wherein the direct-current air holes are used for providing air for the gas at the gas outlet of the gas pipeline and the gas at the gas outlet of the ammonia pipeline.
Further, a plurality of swirl air grooves extending from the outer side surface of the guide vane to the inner side of the guide vane and used for wrapping gas at the gas outlet of the gas pipeline and gas at the gas outlet of the ammonia pipeline and moving towards the outer part of the front end of the burner shell are arranged on the outer side of the guide vane at intervals along the circumferential direction of the guide vane.
Further, the ratio of the ventilation area of the direct current air hole to the ventilation area of the cyclone air groove is 1:5-1:6.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the invention, through the sleeve-type gas flow pipeline structure, a high-temperature anoxic atmosphere is provided for ammonia in the form of precombustion cage flame, so that ammonia is decomposed into hydrogen and nitrogen as much as possible, combustion heating and self-heating decomposition of ammonia are realized, the ammonia is easier to catch fire and burn stably, low nitrogen oxide generation and emission are realized, and meanwhile, the use of a complex and high-cost ammonia catalytic conversion device is avoided. The ammonia burner designed by the invention has the advantages of simple structure and low maintenance cost, and avoids complex pipeline design. The guide vane is provided with an inner layer of air outlet and an outer layer of air outlet, the inner layer of air outlet provides direct current air, gas backflow is prevented, the wall surface of a pipeline is cooled, the outer side of air outlet provides rotational flow air, ammonia gas flow is wrapped to flow forwards, most of air required by ammonia gas combustion is provided, ammonia gas combustion and stable combustion are promoted, and the combustion-air partition is controllable. The outlets of the ammonia gas pipeline and the outlets of the gas pipeline are small holes with a certain inclined angle, so that the gas and the air of the precombustion bag cage flame are mixed more uniformly by the structure, and the ammonia gas is distributed more intensively and more uniformly in the high-temperature anoxic atmosphere provided by the precombustion bag cage flame. The outlet end of the ammonia gas pipeline is provided with a certain chamfer, so that the damage to the burner and the generation of high nitrogen oxides caused by the local high-temperature area in front of the outlet end of the ammonia gas pipeline are avoided. The invention provides an ammonia combustion idea of creating a high Wen Queyang atmosphere in a form of precombustion ladle flame, so that ammonia is converted into hydrogen as much as possible, and combustion heat supply self-heating decomposition is realized. The invention does not depend on catalytic conversion or decomposition components, has simple structure, strong reliability and low processing, manufacturing, operation and maintenance costs, solves the problems of difficult ignition of ammonia fuel, slow flame propagation, difficult flame stabilization and high emission of high nitrogen oxides, and can prolong the service lives of the active power station boiler and the generator set by applying the designed ammonia burner, thereby solving the problem that the generator set is forced to retire in advance due to carbon dioxide emission limitation. The ammonia burner designed by the invention can be used for the ammonia blending combustion transformation of coal-fired, fuel-fired and gas-fired boilers, can also be used for other combustion thermodynamic devices such as gas turbines, glass kilns, cement kilns, steel blast furnaces and the like, reduces the emission of carbon dioxide from the source, and does not need to excessively transform the original combustion device.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an ammonia burner with a precombustion cage flame formed therein according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the internal structure of an ammonia burner capable of forming a precombustion cage flame in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the structure of a fuel gas flow conduit according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a guide vane according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a front view of a guide vane according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an axial cross-sectional view of an ammonia burner with a precombustion cage flame formed therein according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a combustion state of an ammonia burner capable of forming a precombustion cage flame in a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an ammonia burner with a precombustion cage flame formed therein according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the internal structure of an ammonia burner capable of forming a precombustion cage flame in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a guide vane according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a front view of a guide vane according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is an axial cross-sectional view of an ammonia burner with a precombustion cage flame formed therein according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing a combustion state of an ammonia burner capable of forming a precombustion cage flame in a second embodiment of the present invention;
the device comprises a 1-burner housing, a 2-air inlet, a 3-ammonia pipeline, a 4-gas pipeline, a 5-guide vane, a 6-ammonia gas outlet, a 7-gas outlet, an 8-direct current air hole, a 9-swirl air groove, a 10-precombustion cage flame zone, an 11-ammonia flame zone, a 12-ammonia decomposition zone, a 13-ammonia combustion zone, a 14-ammonia burnout zone and a 15-gas inlet.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and to specific examples.
The first embodiment of the ammonia burner capable of forming the precombustion cage flame inside is shown in fig. 1-6, and comprises a burner housing 1, wherein an air inlet 2 for injecting air into the burner housing 1 is arranged on the burner housing 1, and a fuel gas flow pipeline is arranged in the burner housing 1; the gas flow pipeline comprises an ammonia pipeline 3 with an air inlet positioned outside the burner housing 1 and an air outlet positioned inside the front end of the burner housing 1, and a gas pipeline 4 with an air inlet positioned outside the burner housing 1, an air outlet positioned inside the front end of the burner housing 1 and positioned behind the air outlet of the ammonia pipeline 3; a guide vane 5 for supplying air to the gas at the gas outlet of the ammonia gas pipe 3 and the gas at the gas outlet of the gas pipe 4 and wrapping the gas at the gas outlet of the ammonia gas pipe 3 and the gas at the gas outlet of the gas pipe 4 to move to the outside of the front end of the burner housing 1 is provided in the burner housing 1.
As shown in fig. 2-3 and fig. 6, the gas flow pipeline is of a sleeve type structure, and the front end and the rear end of the gas pipeline 4 are coaxially and fixedly connected to the ammonia pipeline 3. The front end of the ammonia gas pipeline 3 is of a closed structure and is provided with a chamfer structure, and a plurality of ammonia gas outlets 6 are formed in the front end of the ammonia gas pipeline 3 at intervals along the circumferential direction of the ammonia gas pipeline. The front end of the gas pipeline 4 is provided with a plurality of gas outlet holes 7 at intervals along the circumferential direction, and the gas outlet holes 7 are positioned behind the ammonia outlet holes 6. The front end of the gas pipeline 4 is also provided with a chamfer structure. The ammonia gas outlet hole 6 and the gas outlet hole 7 are inclined cutting holes inclined towards the front end of the burner housing 1, and the inclined cutting angle is 45 degrees.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 4 to 6, the guide vane 5 has an annular structure, the middle part of which is coaxially fixed to the gas duct 4, the outer side surface of the guide vane 5 is fixed to the inner surface of the burner housing 1, and the guide vane 5 is located behind the gas outlet of the gas duct 4. The inner side of the guide vane 5 is provided with a plurality of direct air holes 8 spaced apart in the circumferential direction thereof for supplying air to the gas at the gas outlet of the gas duct 4 and the gas at the gas outlet of the ammonia duct 3. The outer side of the guide vane 5 is provided with a plurality of swirl air grooves 9 which extend from the outer side surface of the guide vane 5 to the inner side of the guide vane 5 at intervals along the circumferential direction thereof and are used for wrapping gas at the gas outlet of the gas pipeline 4 and gas at the gas outlet of the ammonia pipeline 3 and moving to the outside of the front end of the burner housing 1, and the groove surface of the swirl air grooves 9 is a swirl inclined surface forming 15 degrees with the horizontal direction. The ratio of the ventilation area of the direct-current air holes 8 to the ventilation area of the cyclone air grooves 9 is 1:6.
As shown in fig. 7, the method for using the ammonia burner according to the first embodiment of the present invention is as follows: before ammonia gas is injected for combustion, natural gas is injected through a gas pipeline 4 for fuel-rich combustion, a high-temperature anoxic combustion atmosphere is provided, and the concentration of the natural gas is 1.7. After the precombustion bag flame gas combustion provides high temperature oxygen deficiency atmosphere, ammonia is injected from ammonia pipeline 3, spouts from ammonia venthole 6, and ammonia can be converted into hydrogen and nitrogen as far as possible at this moment in precombustion bag flame district, and the ammonia after the decomposition fires more easily and surely fires, realizes lower nitrogen oxide's formation and emission, has avoided the use of complicated and higher ammonia catalytic conversion device of cost.
The second embodiment of the ammonia burner capable of forming the precombustion cage flame inside is shown in fig. 8-12, and comprises a burner housing 1, wherein the front end of the burner housing 1 is of a chamfer structure, an air inlet 2 for injecting air into the burner housing 1 is arranged on the burner housing 1, and a fuel gas flow pipeline is arranged in the burner housing 1; the gas flow pipeline comprises an ammonia pipeline 3 with an air inlet positioned outside the burner housing 1 and an air outlet positioned inside the front end of the burner housing 1, and a gas pipeline 4 with an air inlet positioned outside the burner housing 1, an air outlet positioned inside the front end of the burner housing 1 and positioned behind the air outlet of the ammonia pipeline 3; a guide vane 5 for supplying air to the gas at the gas outlet of the ammonia gas pipe 3 and the gas at the gas outlet of the gas pipe 4 and wrapping the gas at the gas outlet of the ammonia gas pipe 3 and the gas at the gas outlet of the gas pipe 4 to move to the outside of the front end of the burner housing 1 is provided in the burner housing 1.
As shown in fig. 9 and 12, the gas flow pipeline has a sleeve structure, and the front and rear ends of the gas pipeline 4 are coaxially and fixedly connected to the ammonia pipeline 3. The front end of the ammonia gas pipeline 3 is of a closed structure and is provided with a chamfer structure, and a plurality of ammonia gas outlets 6 are formed in the front end of the ammonia gas pipeline 3 at intervals along the circumferential direction of the ammonia gas pipeline. The front end of the gas pipeline 4 is provided with a plurality of gas outlet holes 7 at intervals along the circumferential direction, and the gas outlet holes 7 are positioned behind the ammonia outlet holes 6. The front end of the gas pipeline 4 is also provided with a chamfer structure. The ammonia gas outlet hole 6 and the gas outlet hole 7 are inclined cutting holes inclined towards the front end of the burner housing 1, and the inclined cutting angle is 45 degrees.
As shown in fig. 9 to 12, the guide vane 5 has a ring structure, the middle part of which is coaxially fixed on the gas pipe 4, the outer side surface of the guide vane 5 is fixed on the inner surface of the burner housing 1, and the guide vane 5 is positioned behind the gas outlet of the gas pipe 4. The inner side of the guide vane 5 is provided with two circles of direct current air holes 8 at intervals along the radial direction of the guide vane, each circle of direct current air holes 8 comprises direct current air holes 8 which are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the guide vane 5, and the direct current air holes 8 are used for providing air for gas at the gas outlet of the gas pipeline 4 and gas at the gas outlet of the ammonia pipeline 3. The outer side of the guide vane 5 is provided with a plurality of swirl air grooves 9 which extend from the outer side surface of the guide vane 5 to the inner side of the guide vane 5 at intervals along the circumferential direction thereof and are used for wrapping gas at the gas outlet of the gas pipeline 4 and gas at the gas outlet of the ammonia pipeline 3 and moving to the outside of the front end of the burner housing 1, and the groove surface of the swirl air grooves 9 is a swirl inclined surface forming 15 degrees with the horizontal direction. The ratio of the ventilation area of the direct-current air holes 8 to the ventilation area of the cyclone air grooves 9 is 1:6.
As shown in fig. 13, the method for using the ammonia burner in the second embodiment of the present invention is: before ammonia gas is injected for combustion, natural gas is injected through a gas pipeline 4 for fuel-rich combustion, a high-temperature anoxic combustion atmosphere is provided, and the concentration of the natural gas is 1.7. After the precombustion bag flame gas combustion provides high temperature oxygen deficiency atmosphere, ammonia is injected from ammonia pipeline 3, spouts from ammonia venthole 6, and ammonia can be converted into hydrogen and nitrogen as far as possible at this moment in precombustion bag flame district, and the ammonia after the decomposition fires more easily and surely fires, realizes lower nitrogen oxide's formation and emission, has avoided the use of complicated and higher ammonia catalytic conversion device of cost. Compared with the first embodiment, the embodiment is characterized in that the front end structure of the burner housing 1 is optimized to be a chamfer structure and the number of the direct current air holes 8 is increased, so that the damage to the ammonia burner caused by the combustion of high-temperature flame at the front end of the ammonia burner is further avoided, and meanwhile, the more direct current air holes 8 further meet the requirements of burnout and stable combustion of ammonia.
In summary, the invention provides a high-temperature anoxic atmosphere for ammonia in the form of precombustion cage flame through the sleeve-type gas flow pipeline structure, so that ammonia is decomposed into hydrogen and nitrogen as much as possible, combustion heating and self-heating decomposition of ammonia are realized, ignition and stable combustion of ammonia are easier, low nitrogen oxide generation and emission are realized, and meanwhile, the use of a complex and high-cost ammonia catalytic conversion device is avoided. The ammonia burner designed by the invention has the advantages of simple structure and low maintenance cost, and avoids complex pipeline design. The guide vane 5 is provided with an inner layer air outlet and an outer layer air outlet, the inner layer air outlet provides direct-current air, gas backflow is prevented, the wall surface of a pipeline is cooled, the outer side air outlet provides rotational flow air, ammonia gas flow is wrapped to flow forwards, most of air required by ammonia gas combustion is provided, ammonia gas combustion and stable combustion are promoted, and the combustion-air partition is controllable. According to the invention, the outlets of the ammonia gas pipeline 3 and the gas pipeline 4 are small holes with a certain inclined angle, so that the gas and air of the precombustion bag cage flame are mixed more uniformly by the structure, and the ammonia gas is distributed more intensively and more uniformly in the high-temperature anoxic atmosphere provided by the precombustion bag cage flame. The outlet end part of the ammonia gas pipeline 4 is provided with a certain chamfer, so that the damage to the burner and the generation of high nitrogen oxides caused by a local high-temperature area in front of the outlet end of the ammonia gas pipeline are avoided. The invention provides an ammonia combustion idea of creating a high Wen Queyang atmosphere in a form of precombustion ladle flame, so that ammonia is converted into hydrogen as much as possible, and combustion heat supply self-heating decomposition is realized. The invention does not depend on catalytic conversion or decomposition components, has simple structure, strong reliability and low processing, manufacturing, operation and maintenance costs, solves the problems of difficult ignition of ammonia fuel, slow flame propagation, difficult flame stabilization and high emission of high nitrogen oxides, and can prolong the service lives of the active power station boiler and the generator set by applying the designed ammonia burner, thereby solving the problem that the generator set is forced to retire in advance due to carbon dioxide emission limitation. The ammonia burner designed by the invention can be used for the ammonia blending combustion transformation of coal-fired, fuel-fired and gas-fired boilers, can also be used for other combustion thermodynamic devices such as gas turbines, glass kilns, cement kilns, steel blast furnaces and the like, reduces the emission of carbon dioxide from the source, and does not need to excessively transform the original combustion device.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the structure of the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, equivalent variation and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An ammonia burner capable of forming a precombustion cage flame inside, comprising a burner housing (1), characterized in that: a fuel gas flow pipeline is arranged in the burner housing (1), and an air inlet (2) for injecting air into the burner housing (1) is arranged on the burner housing;
the gas flow pipeline comprises an ammonia pipeline (3) with a gas inlet positioned outside the burner housing (1) and a gas outlet positioned inside the front end of the burner housing (1) and a gas pipeline (4) with a gas inlet positioned outside the burner housing (1), a gas outlet positioned inside the front end of the burner housing (1) and positioned behind the gas outlet of the ammonia pipeline (3);
the gas guiding device is characterized in that a guide vane (5) used for supplying air to the gas at the gas outlet of the ammonia gas pipeline (3) and the gas at the gas outlet of the gas pipeline (4) and wrapping the gas at the gas outlet of the ammonia gas pipeline (3) and the gas at the gas outlet of the gas pipeline (4) to move towards the outside of the front end of the burner housing (1) is arranged in the burner housing (1).
2. The ammonia burner of claim 1, wherein a precombustion cage flame is formed therein, wherein: the gas flow pipeline is of a sleeve type structure, and the gas pipeline (4) is coaxially and fixedly connected to the ammonia pipeline (3).
3. The ammonia burner of claim 2, wherein a precombustion cage flame is formed therein, wherein: the front end of the ammonia gas pipeline (3) is of a closed structure, and a plurality of ammonia gas outlet holes (6) are formed in the front end of the ammonia gas pipeline (3) at intervals along the circumferential direction of the ammonia gas pipeline.
4. An ammonia burner capable of forming a precombustion cage flame therein as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the inner surface of the front end of the gas pipeline (4) is coaxially and fixedly connected to the circumferential outer surface of the ammonia pipeline (3), a plurality of gas outlet holes (7) are formed in the front end of the gas pipeline (4) along the circumferential direction of the gas pipeline at intervals, and the gas outlet holes (7) are located behind the ammonia outlet holes (6).
5. The ammonia burner of claim 4, wherein the interior of the ammonia burner forms a precombustion cage flame, wherein: the front end of the ammonia gas pipeline (3) and the front end of the gas pipeline (4) are of frustum-shaped closed structures with small front end and large rear end.
6. An ammonia burner capable of forming a precombustion cage flame inside according to claim 4 or 5, wherein: the ammonia gas outlet hole (6) and the gas outlet hole (7) are inclined cutting holes which incline towards the front end of the burner housing (1).
7. An ammonia burner for forming a precombustion cage flame in accordance with claim 1, 2 or 4, wherein: the guide vane (5) is of an annular structure, the middle of the guide vane is coaxially fixed on the gas pipeline (4), the outer side surface of the guide vane (5) is fixed on the inner surface of the burner shell (1), and the guide vane (5) is positioned behind the gas outlet of the gas pipeline (4).
8. The ammonia burner of claim 7, wherein a precombustion cage flame is formed therein: the inner side of the guide vane (5) is provided with a plurality of direct-current air holes (8) at intervals along the circumferential direction, wherein the direct-current air holes are used for providing air for the gas at the gas outlet of the gas pipeline (4) and the gas at the gas outlet of the ammonia pipeline (3).
9. The ammonia burner of claim 8, wherein a precombustion cage flame is formed therein: the outer side of the guide vane (5) is provided with a plurality of swirl air grooves (9) which extend from the outer side surface of the guide vane (5) to the inner side of the guide vane (5) at intervals along the circumferential direction of the guide vane, are used for wrapping gas at the gas outlet of the gas pipeline (4) and gas at the gas outlet of the ammonia pipeline (3) and move towards the outside of the front end of the burner shell (1).
10. The ammonia burner of claim 9, wherein a precombustion cage flame is formed therein: the ratio of the ventilation area of the direct current air holes (8) to the ventilation area of the cyclone air grooves (9) is 1:5-1:6.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310548143.5A CN116734255A (en) | 2023-05-16 | 2023-05-16 | Ammonia burner capable of forming precombustion cage flame inside |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310548143.5A CN116734255A (en) | 2023-05-16 | 2023-05-16 | Ammonia burner capable of forming precombustion cage flame inside |
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| CN116734255A true CN116734255A (en) | 2023-09-12 |
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| CN202310548143.5A Pending CN116734255A (en) | 2023-05-16 | 2023-05-16 | Ammonia burner capable of forming precombustion cage flame inside |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN116734255A (en) |
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- 2023-05-16 CN CN202310548143.5A patent/CN116734255A/en active Pending
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