CN116598037A - Radiation conversion target for neutron source - Google Patents
Radiation conversion target for neutron source Download PDFInfo
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- CN116598037A CN116598037A CN202310609886.9A CN202310609886A CN116598037A CN 116598037 A CN116598037 A CN 116598037A CN 202310609886 A CN202310609886 A CN 202310609886A CN 116598037 A CN116598037 A CN 116598037A
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- target
- radiation conversion
- neutron source
- source according
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910019590 Cr-N Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910019588 Cr—N Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical group [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical group [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 6
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005251 gamma ray Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036760 body temperature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000313 electron-beam-induced deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005025 nuclear technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002381 plasma Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013077 target material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21G—CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS; RADIOACTIVE SOURCES
- G21G4/00—Radioactive sources
- G21G4/02—Neutron sources
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Particle Accelerators (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a radiation conversion target for a neutron source, which belongs to the technical field of neutron physics and neutron sources, and comprises a target body, wherein the target body is formed by stacking a plurality of target pieces, and a target piece gap for cooling liquid to circulate is reserved between the adjacent target pieces.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of neutron physics and neutron sources, and particularly relates to a radiation conversion target for a neutron source.
Background
The white light neutron source is an extremely useful nuclear data measurement research tool, can provide required nuclear data measurement for physical research, nuclear energy development and quote of a celestial body, and has wide application in nuclear technology aspects such as neutron photography, neutron treatment, neutron irradiation effect (e.g. material irradiation damage, biological effect and the like) and the like. The electron linear accelerator based on strong current is to bombard the radiation conversion target with high atomic number by adopting high-current strong electron beam to generate high-energy gamma rays, and the high-energy gamma rays bombard the radiation conversion target again to generate neutrons. Under the condition of selecting target materials, the white light neutron source adopts a mode of improving electron beam intensity to improve neutron yield. When the high-energy electron beam bombards the radiation conversion target, most of the electron beam energy is deposited on the target body, only a small amount of the electron beam energy is transmitted through gamma rays and neutrons, so that the target body temperature is instantaneously increased, the radiation conversion target body is melted and damaged, and therefore, the heat tolerance becomes one of main indexes of the radiation conversion target.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a radiation conversion target for a neutron source is proposed, which has a high yield of white neutrons under high energy electron beam bombardment and is beneficial to heat dissipation.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:
a radiation conversion target for a neutron source comprises a target body, wherein the target body is formed by stacking a plurality of target pieces, and a target piece gap for cooling liquid to circulate is reserved between the adjacent target pieces.
The technical scheme is further that the thickness of the plurality of target pieces changes according to the trend from thin to thick along the transmission direction of the electron beam current.
The technical scheme is further that the width of the target gap is 1-2mm.
The technical scheme is further that the target piece is made of tungsten.
The technical scheme is further characterized in that the surface of the target piece is plated with a corrosion-resistant layer, and the corrosion-resistant layer is made of Cr-N, cr-C or Cr-C-N.
The technical scheme is characterized by further comprising a target holder, wherein an accommodating cavity for loading the target body is formed in the target holder, and a through hole communicated with the accommodating cavity is formed in the end part of the target holder along the transmission direction of the electron beam.
The technical scheme is further characterized in that a plurality of clamping protrusions protruding out of the surface of the accommodating cavity are arranged on the cavity wall of the accommodating cavity, and clamping grooves for accommodating the target are formed between the adjacent clamping protrusions.
The technical scheme is further characterized in that the top of the target holder is provided with a mounting opening, and the mounting opening extends along the length direction of the target holder.
The technical scheme is further characterized in that a cooling liquid circulation gap is formed in the bottom of the target holder, and the cooling liquid circulation gap is communicated with the target piece gap.
The technical scheme is further characterized in that the target holder is made of aluminum.
The beneficial effects of the application are as follows:
1. the target body adopts a lamination target structure formed by a plurality of target pieces, and cooling liquid can circulate between the adjacent target pieces so as to reduce the temperature of the target pieces and facilitate the heat dissipation of the target body.
2. According to the change trend of the energy deposition density of the electron beam in the target body, the thickness of the target sheet is changed from thin to thick in sequence, so that the target sheet with high energy deposition density of the electron beam is cooled better, and the purpose of protecting the radiation conversion target is achieved while the high neutron yield is ensured.
3. The assembly mode of the target pieces and the target holders adopts plug-in type, and the target pieces with different thicknesses and different numbers can be replaced according to the energy of the electron beam and the neutron yield requirement, so that the selectivity and the applicability are wider.
4. The cooling liquid flows unidirectionally from top to bottom in the gap between the target pieces to cool and soak the bombarded end surfaces of the target pieces, thereby ensuring complete cooling of the target pieces.
5. The cooling liquid ionized by the electron beam has certain corrosiveness to the target piece, and the outer surface of the target piece is plated with a corrosion-resistant layer, so that the corrosion resistance and the wear resistance of the target piece are improved, and the service life of the radiation conversion target is prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a target body according to the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a backing plate according to the present application;
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an electron beam striking a target body;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of the assembly of the present application with an intake water jacket.
In the accompanying drawings: 100-target body, 101-target, 102-target gap, 200-target holder, 201-containing cavity, 202-through hole, 203-clamp protrusion, 204-clamp groove, 205-cooling liquid circulation gap, 300-water inlet jacket and 301-target holder mounting hole.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present application better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solution of the present application will be clearly and completely described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings, and based on the embodiments of the present application, other similar embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making any inventive effort should be included in the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, directional words such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like, as used in the following embodiments are merely directions with reference to the drawings, and thus, the directional words used are intended to illustrate, not to limit, the application.
Embodiment one:
as shown in fig. 1 to 5, a radiation conversion target for a neutron source includes a target body 100, wherein the target body 100 is formed by stacking a plurality of target pieces 101, and a target piece gap 102 for circulating a cooling liquid is provided between adjacent target pieces 101.
It should be noted that, the target body 100 adopts a laminated target structure formed by a plurality of target pieces 101, and the cooling liquid can circulate between the adjacent target pieces (i.e. the target piece gaps 102), so as to reduce the temperature of the target pieces 101 and facilitate the heat dissipation of the target body 100.
The present solution is further configured such that the thickness of the plurality of target pieces 101 varies according to a trend from thin to thick along the transmission direction of the electron beam current.
It should be noted that, the high-power electron beam bombards the target 100, and most of the energy is converted into heat to be deposited on the target 100, and only a small part of the energy is transmitted through gamma rays and neutrons. According to the energy deposition density distribution rule of the electron beam on the target body 100, the energy deposition density of the electron beam at the front end part (the part bombarded by the electron beam first) of the target body 100 is highest, the energy deposition density of the electron beam at the rear end part (the part bombarded by the electron beam later) of the target body 100 is gradually reduced, the target body 100 is divided into different thicknesses, and the target bodies are sequentially arranged from thin to thick according to the interval, so that the target piece 101 with high energy deposition density of the electron beam in the target body 100 is better cooled, the working temperature of the target piece 101 is reduced, and the purpose of protecting the radiation conversion target is achieved while the high neutron yield is ensured.
Specifically, the total thickness of the target body 100 is determined by the neutron yield calculated by Meng Ka, and the thickness at which the neutron yield is maximum is the total thickness of the target body 100. The thickness of the single target 101 is obtained by iterative optimization of the electron beam energy deposition density distribution calculated by Meng Ka and the temperature distribution calculated by thermal engineering. The electron beam energy deposition density in the target 101 at the front end portion of the target body 100 is high, and the highest energy deposition density can reach 3×10 10 W/m 3 Therefore, it is necessary to cut the target 101 thinner, to allow more coolant to flow through the target gap 102, to lower the temperature of the target 101, and to lower the temperature of the coolant contacting the target 101 below the boiling point. The electron beam energy deposition density in the target 101 at the rear end portion of the target body 100 is reduced, and properly increasing the thickness of the target 101 does not significantly raise the center temperature thereof, thereby reducing the difficulty of processing the target 101.
The technical scheme is further set in such a way that the width of the target gap 102 is 1-2mm.
It should be noted that the cooling fluid passes through the target gap 102 at a flow rate of 7m/s, 8m/s, or even 10m/s or more, and removes heat from the electron beam deposition on the target 101 to ensure that the target 101 is not damaged by operating at a temperature below its melting point.
The present solution further provides that the material of the target 101 is tungsten.
The technical scheme is further that the surface of the target 101 is plated with a corrosion-resistant layer, and the material of the corrosion-resistant layer is Cr-N, cr-C or Cr-C-N.
It is worth to say that the cooling liquid ionized by the electron beam has certain corrosiveness to the target 101, and the outer surface of the target 101 is plated with a corrosion-resistant layer, so that the corrosion resistance and the wear resistance of the target are improved, and the service life of the radiation conversion target is prolonged.
Specifically, pure water is generally adopted as the cooling liquid, and the pure water irradiated by high-energy electron beams or neutron plasmas can generate undesirable substances such as hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen and other products for corroding the target 101, so that the Cr-N, cr-C and Cr-C-N have the characteristics of hydrogen peroxide corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, wear resistance and the like, and a corrosion-resistant layer with the thickness of 0.06mm, 0.08 mm or 0.1mm is plated on the surface of the target 101, so that the corrosion-resistant service life of the radiation conversion target is prolonged (about 6-10 years).
The technical scheme is further configured to further include a target holder 200, a containing cavity 201 for loading the target body 100 is provided in the target holder 200, and a through hole 202 communicated with the containing cavity 201 is provided at an end of the target holder 200 along a transmission direction of the electron beam.
It should be noted that the target holder 200 may be rectangular, circular or oval, and the target holder 200 is penetrated back and forth, so as to ensure that the electron beam is not blocked by the target holder 200.
The solution is further configured in that a plurality of clamping protrusions 203 protruding from the surface of the cavity wall of the accommodating cavity 201 are provided, and a clamping groove 204 accommodating the target 101 is formed between adjacent clamping protrusions 203.
It should be noted that the clamping protrusions 203 are disposed along the height direction of the target holder 200, and meanwhile, the plurality of clamping protrusions 203 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the target holder 200, and the clamping grooves 204 are used for ensuring the loading position of the target 101.
The technical scheme is further that the top of the target holder 200 is provided with a mounting opening, and the mounting opening extends along the length direction of the target holder 200.
It should be noted that, the target 101 is installed in the accommodating cavity 201 from the installation port, and the target 101 and the target holder 200 are assembled in a plug-in manner, so that the targets 101 with different thicknesses and different numbers can be replaced according to the energy of the electron beam and the neutron yield requirement, and the selectivity and the applicability are wider.
The solution is further configured in such a way that a cooling liquid circulation gap 205 is provided at the bottom of the target holder 200, and the cooling liquid circulation gap 205 is communicated with the target gap 102.
It should be noted that, the backing plate 200 is penetrated from front to back, penetrated from top to bottom, and sealed from left to right, and the cooling liquid flows in the backing plate gap 102 from top to bottom in a unidirectional manner to cool and soak the bombarded end surface of the backing plate 101, so as to ensure complete cooling of the backing plate 101, and the cooling liquid flowing through the bombarded end surface of the backing plate 101 is discharged out of the backing plate 200 through the cooling liquid flowing slit 205.
Specifically, the bottom of the backing plate 200 is in a solid structure at the junction with the clamping grooves 204 to load the target 101, the cooling fluid flowing gap 205 is located between the adjacent clamping grooves 204, and the clamping protrusions 203 are located inside the cooling fluid flowing gap 205, so that the cooling fluid flowing gap 205 is opposite to the target gap 102.
The technical scheme is further configured that the target holder 200 is made of aluminum, so that activation of the target is reduced.
As shown in fig. 6, the target holder 200 loaded with the target 101 is to be installed in the target holder installation hole 301 at the lower end of the water inlet jacket 300, the water outlet jacket is sleeved on the periphery of the water inlet jacket 300, a circulation channel of cooling liquid is formed between the water inlet jacket 300 and the water outlet jacket, and meanwhile, the water outlet jacket is fixedly arranged inside the radiation shielding layer. The radiation shielding layer mainly comprises gamma ray shielding and neutron shielding, the gamma ray shielding layer mainly adopts cast iron and lead for protection, the neutron shielding adopts boron-containing polyethylene for absorbing redundant neutrons, the outer shape of the whole radiation shielding layer is hexagonal, a geometric center is hollowed to be provided with a water outlet jacket, an electron beam vacuum pipeline is arranged in the radiation shielding layer, no blocking of electron beams is guaranteed, and meanwhile, a neutron transmission duct is arranged in the radiation shielding layer. The backing plate mounting holes 301 are in clearance fit with the backing plate 200 so that cooling fluid still flows through the backing plate gap 102, allowing each of the backing plates 101 to be immersed in the high flow rate cooling fluid, thereby removing heat from the deposition of the backing plates 101.
Embodiment two:
the same parts as those of the first embodiment are not repeated, and the difference is that:
when the electron beam energy is 35MeV and the current intensity is 2mA, the number of the target pieces 101 is 10, meanwhile, along the transmission direction of the electron beam current, the thickness distribution of the 10 target pieces 101 is 2mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 9mm and 15mm, the width of a target piece gap 102 between the target pieces is 1.5mm, cooling water passes through at the flow rate of 8m/s, and heat deposited on the target pieces 101 is taken away, so that the working temperature of the target pieces 101 is lower than the melting point of the target pieces and cannot be damaged.
The foregoing detailed description of the application has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, but is not intended to limit the scope of the application, i.e., the application is not limited to the details shown and described.
Claims (10)
1. A radiation conversion target for a neutron source, comprising a target body, wherein the target body is formed by stacking a plurality of target pieces, and a target piece gap for circulating cooling liquid exists between adjacent target pieces.
2. The radiation conversion target for a neutron source according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the plurality of target pieces varies in a thin-to-thick trend along the transmission direction of the electron beam current.
3. The radiation conversion target for a neutron source according to claim 2, wherein the width of the target gap is 1-2mm.
4. The radiation conversion target for a neutron source according to claim 1, wherein the material of the target piece is tungsten.
5. The radiation conversion target for a neutron source according to claim 4, wherein the surface of the target piece is plated with a corrosion resistant layer, and the material of the corrosion resistant layer is Cr-N, cr-C or Cr-C-N.
6. The radiation conversion target for a neutron source according to any one of claims 1-5, further comprising a target holder, wherein a receiving cavity for loading the target body is provided inside the target holder, and a through hole communicating with the receiving cavity is provided at an end of the target holder along a transmission direction of the electron beam current.
7. The radiation conversion target for a neutron source according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of clamping protrusions protruding from the surface of the cavity wall of the accommodating cavity are formed, and clamping grooves for accommodating the target pieces are formed between adjacent clamping protrusions.
8. The radiation conversion target for a neutron source according to claim 6, wherein the top of the target holder is provided with a mounting opening extending along the length of the target holder.
9. The radiation conversion target for a neutron source according to claim 8, wherein the bottom of the target holder is provided with a coolant circulation gap, the coolant circulation gap being in communication with the target gap.
10. The radiation conversion target for a neutron source of claim 6, wherein the material of the backing plate is aluminum.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310609886.9A CN116598037A (en) | 2023-05-26 | 2023-05-26 | Radiation conversion target for neutron source |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310609886.9A CN116598037A (en) | 2023-05-26 | 2023-05-26 | Radiation conversion target for neutron source |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116598037A true CN116598037A (en) | 2023-08-15 |
Family
ID=87611376
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310609886.9A Pending CN116598037A (en) | 2023-05-26 | 2023-05-26 | Radiation conversion target for neutron source |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116598037A (en) |
-
2023
- 2023-05-26 CN CN202310609886.9A patent/CN116598037A/en active Pending
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